高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement同步练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement同步练习题，共9页。
2.I std in the kitchen, waiting fr the water t ___________(沸腾).
3.The ___________ (牛排)was tugh and the peas were like bullets.
4.I was very ___________(印象深刻的) by ne yung man at my lecture.
5.We stpped n the muntain pass t admire the ___________(风景).
6.Use music and lighting t create a rmantic ___________(氛围).
7.There are tw ___________(版本) f the game, a lng ne and a shrt ne.
8.The butter and ___________(面粉) are rubbed tgether with the fingertips.
9.By the time I was 30, we had three ___________ (可爱的) children.
10.If yu like ___________(奶酪), g fr the nes with the least fat.
Ⅱ.选词填空
thrw neself int, ut f the wrld, be eager t, cme acrss, a variety f, be gd at, be afraid f, be impressed by, get bred with, be cnsidered as
1.She ___________________ sme ld phtgraphs in a drawer.
2.She uses ___________________ different clurs and textures in her wall hangings.
3.After a while, I began t ___________________ my jb.
4.I think the flavur f fresh strawberries is ___________________.
5.The child ___________________his mther’s arms.
6.She ___________________ physics despite the fact that she fund it bring.
7.I ___________________ share my happiness and sadness with yu.
8.This picture ___________________ the mst valuable ne amng his pictures.
9.We ___________________ the prfessinalism f the staff.
10.I started t ___________________ging ut alne at night.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.___________________ is the teacher himself interested in freign films, ___________________ all his students are beginning t shw an interest in them.
不但老师自己对外国电影感兴趣,就连他所有的学生都开始对外国电影感兴趣了。
2.___________________ yu’re tired, yu’ve been walking fr hurs.
难怪你累了呢,你一直走了好几个小时。
3.An alternative plan is ___________________ a lan.
另一种可能的方案就是申请贷款。
4.Henry Mre ___________________ the father f mdern British sculpture.
亨利·摩尔被认为是现代英国雕塑之父。
5.___________________, I will take the ne with apple jam.
在这么多好吃的蛋糕中,我选的是有苹果酱的那个。
IV.阅读理解
Cells in ur brain usually send “stp eating” signal when we’ve had enugh.But after mice ate fatty fds fr just tw weeks, their brains’ brake n vereating quieted dwn.That finding may help explain the cmplex link between fd and appetite that can becme disrdered when peple vereat.
Fd is essential t life.Our brains have, therefre, evlved a series f systems t make sure we eat enugh.Garret Stuber, a neurscientist at the University f Washingtn, tgether with his team tk aim at ne brain area knwn t be invlved in eating behavirs.
This lateral hypthalamus (下丘脑外侧区) cntains many diverse cells. Stuber’s grup lked at the behavirs f genes in the cells here.And in ne type—glutamatergic nerve (谷氨酸能神经) cells—big differences appear between fat mice and lean nes.
Earlier wrk by Stuber’s grup had suggested that these cells act like a brake n eating.When the researchers prevented these cells frm firing, mice suddenly verate.They als fattened up.But it wasn’t clear hw the cells’ activity changed as the mice transitined frm slim t fat.
“Obesity desn’t just happen vernight,” ntes Stuber.T find ut the secret, his grup undertk a new study.They fed mice high-fat fd.Nw and again, they’d use a fancy micrscpe t lk at hw well the animals’ glutamatergic cells culd fire ff signals.
Tw weeks int the high-fat fd—even befre the mice became rund—the activity f these nerve cells had slwed.It cntinued as the animals grew larger ver a 12-week perid.“The cells’ activity was ging dwn as a functin f high-fat diet.The results suggest that the high-fat diet is remving the brake n eating and besity,” explains Stuber.
It’s hard t say whether similar cells nrmally cntrl peple’s appetite.Brain-imaging tests have shwn that the same brain regin —the hypthalamus—plays a rle when peple shift between hunger and feeling full.
1.What happened after the mice ate fatty fds fr tw weeks?
A.Their appetite was getting wrse.
B.Their brains became disrdered.
C.They refused t eat zer fat fd.
D.They lacked a feeling f fullness.
2.It can be learned frm the text that glutamatergic nerve cells .
A.are easily fund in lean mice
B.can prevent mice frm vereating
C.functin well under any cnditin
D.are a main part f lateral hypthalamus
3.Why did Stuber’s grup undertake the new study?
A.T study the rle f glutamatergic cells in mice’s fattening up.
B.T find ut the link between high-fat diets and besity.
C.T find ut deciding factrs in mice’s appetite.
D.T study the eating habit f fat mice.
4.What is the main idea f the text?
A.Obesity influences glutamatergic nerves’ functin.
B.Glutamatergic nerves decide peple’s appetite.
C.High-fat diets lead t vereating.
D.Our brains cntrl ur fd chices.
V.完形填空
I had a student tday wh gt his finger stuck inside a test tube in science class.It was really quite stuck.This yung man’s finger 1 t get whiter and whiter right befre my eyes.
Remaining 2 , I suggested he carefully rtate(转动) the tube.It wuldn’t mve a bit.He 3 sap and cld water.Still stuck.Meanwhile 4 was breaking ut in the class. 5 , I sent the yung man t ur secretary, wh was a miracle wrker raising three kids f her wn.With her in charge, I was 6 all wuld be OK.
T get the students back in rder, I 7 my wn stry f getting my knee stuck between the rails f a balcny.Same kind f curisity, I remembered 8 then hw far I culd thrust(塞) my knee between the rails.Inch by inch, I kept 9 and befre I knew it, my knee was stuck and 10 befre my eyes and in frnt f lts f strangers at a ppular Las Vegas htel!
Hearing my stry, many students fllwed with their wn 11 f heads, arms, fingers stuck in places they shuldn’t be.A few minutes later, the yung man came back, test tube unbrken and finger 12 t lvely shade f pink.
I just culdn’t get mad at this kid.He’s nly twelve.I t gt my knee unstuck, but nt withut great 13 .The excuse fr me, hwever, was nt 14 but plain stupidity.I was 15 fifty years ld when this happened.
B.needed
C.happenedD.cntinued
B.silent
C.cheerful D.active
B.fetched
C.tried D.accepted
B.chas
C.vilence D.argument
B.Gradually
C.Frequently D.Apparently
B.dubtful
C.surprised D.cnfident
B.wrte
C.read D.heard
B.explaining
C.wndering D.reprting
B.climbing
C.walking D.kicking
B.lifting
C.resting D.swelling
B.cnclusins
C.stries D.news
B.returning
C.belnging D.grwing
B.disappintment
C.embarrassment D.achievement
B.yuth
C.bravery D.experiment
all B.in ttal
C.after all D.at randm
VI.应用文写作
假定你是李华。上周末你去参观了科技馆。请你根据以下要点用英语给你的留学生朋友Tm写一封电子邮件。内容包括:
1.参观经历;
2.参观感受。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析
Ⅰ is an pprtunity t enhance(提高) the reputatin f the cmpany.
2.I std in the kitchen, waiting fr the water t bil(沸腾).
3.The steak (牛排)was tugh and the peas were like bullets.
4.I was very impressed(印象深刻的) by ne yung man at my lecture.
5.We stpped n the muntain pass t admire the scenery(风景).
6.Use music and lighting t create a rmantic atmsphere(氛围).
7.There are tw versins(版本) f the game, a lng ne and a shrt ne.
8.The butter and flur(面粉) are rubbed tgether with the fingertips.
9.By the time I was 30, we had three adrable (可爱的) children.
10.If yu like cheese(奶酪), g fr the nes with the least fat.
Ⅱ came acrss sme ld phtgraphs in a drawer.
2.She uses a variety f different clurs and textures in her wall hangings.
3.After a while, I began t get bred with my jb.
4.I think the flavur f fresh strawberries is ut f the wrld.
5.The child threw himself int his mther’s arms.
6.She was gd at physics despite the fact that she fund it bring.
7.I am eager t share my happiness and sadness with yu.
8.This picture is cnsidered as the mst valuable ne amng his pictures.
9.We were impressed by the prfessinalism f the staff.
10.I started t be afraid f ging ut alne at night.
Ⅲ nly is the teacher himself interested in freign films, but als all his students are beginning t shw an interest in them.
2.N wnder yu’re tired, yu’ve been walking fr hurs.
3.An alternative plan is t apply fr a lan.
4.Henry Mre is cnsidered t be the father f mdern British sculpture.
5.Of all the delicius cakes, I will take the ne with apple jam.
IV.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现下丘脑外侧区中的谷氨酸能神经细胞可以防止暴饮暴食,就像是进食的刹车,而高脂肪饮食会让这类细胞的活动减缓。所以当人们吃得过多时,食欲会变得紊乱。
1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知老鼠只吃了两周的高脂肪食物,它们的大脑对过量饮食的抑制就会平静下来。由此可知,老鼠吃了两周高脂肪食物后,发生了缺乏饱腹感的情况。故选D。
2.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中最后一句以及第四段中前两句可知,谷氨酸能神经细胞可以防止老鼠暴饮暴食。故选B。
3.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可推知,Stuber的小组进行这项新的研究,是为了研究谷氨酸能细胞在老鼠增肥中的作用。故选A。
4.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据第一段中第二、三句可知,文章的主旨是高脂肪饮食导致暴饮暴食。故选C。
V.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的一个学生在课堂上把手指卡在了试管里,尝试多种办法都失败了,最后把他送到秘书那里,把手指拿出来了。班里一片混乱,为了稳定学生,作者与学生们分享了各自被卡的经历。
1.【解析】选D。句意:这个年轻人的手指在我眼前持续变得越来越白。used 使用;needed 需要;happened 发生;cntinued 继续,持续。根据前文It was really quite stuck.和第二段前四句可知,手指一直卡着,会持续变白。故选D。
2.【解析】选A。句意:我保持冷静,建议他小心地转动管子。 calm 冷静的;silent 沉默的;cheerful 高兴的;active 积极的。下文I suggested he carefully rtate the tube说明,我保持冷静,故选A。
3.【解析】选C。句意:他尝试着用肥皂和冷水。但依然卡着。lst 失去;fetched 拿来;tried 尝试;accepted 接受。手指卡住后,尝试着用肥皂和冷水,让手指可以从管子中出来。故选C。
4.【解析】选B。句意:与此同时,教室里一片混乱。fire 火;chas 混乱;vilence 暴力;argument 争论。根据下文T get the students back in rder可知,教室里一片混乱。故选B。
5.【解析】选A。句意:最后,我把这个年轻人送到了我们的秘书那里,她是一个奇迹般的工人,养育了自己的三个孩子。Finally最后; Gradually 逐渐地;Frequently 频繁地;Apparently明显地。做过多种尝试依然没成功,最后我决定把这个年轻人送到秘书那里。故选A。
6.【解析】选D。句意:有她负责,我有信心一切都会好的。 happy 高兴的;dubtful 怀疑的;surprised 惊讶的; cnfident 有信心的。前文说明,她养育了三个孩子,很有经验,所以我有信心。故选D。
7.【解析】选A。句意:为了让学生们恢复秩序,我分享了我的膝盖卡在阳台的栏杆之间的故事。shared 分享;wrte 写; read 读;heard 听说。作者跟学生分享自己故事。故选A。
8.【解析】选C。句意:出于同样的好奇心,我记得当时我想知道我的膝盖能在栏杆之间伸多远。calculating 计算;explaining 解释;wndering 想知道;reprting 报告。作者将膝盖塞进栏杆是想知道膝盖能在栏杆之间伸多远。故选C。
9.【解析】选A。句意:一点一点地,我不停地推,在不知不觉中,我的膝盖被卡住了,在我眼前,在拉斯维加斯一家很受欢迎的酒店里当着很多陌生人的面,并肿了起来。pushing 推;climbing 爬;walking 走;kicking 踢。根据上文可知,我在将膝盖往前推。故选A。
10.【解析】选D。shaking 摇晃;lifting 抬起;resting 休息;swelling 肿胀。根据前文my knee was stuck可知,膝盖肿了,卡住了。故选D。
11.【解析】选C。句意:听了我的故事,很多学生都跟着讲起了自己的故事:脑袋、胳膊、手指被卡在不该卡的地方。findings 发现;cnclusins 结论;stries 故事;news 新闻。根据前文可知,很多学生都跟着讲起了自己的故事(stries)。故选C。
12.【解析】选B。句意:几分钟后,这个年轻人回来了,试管完好无损,他的手指又恢复到一种可爱的粉红色。pinting 指向;returning 返回; belnging 属于;grwing 增长。根据下文是lvely shade f pink可知手指是恢复到正常,故选B。
13.【解析】选C。句意:我的膝盖也拿出来了,但还是会尴尬。encuragement 鼓励;disappintment 失望;embarrassment 尴尬;achievement 成就。根据第三段最后一句可知,在许多陌生人面前卡住膝盖还是很尴尬的。故选C。
14.【解析】选B。句意:但是,我的借口不是年轻而是单纯的愚蠢。ambitin 雄心;yuth 年轻;bravery 勇敢;experiment 实验。根据下文可知,此处是说我的借口不是年轻。故正确答案为B。
15.【解析】选C。句意:这件事发生的时候我毕竟已经50岁了。abve all首先;in ttal总共;after all 毕竟; at randm 任意地。由下文可知,这里是转折,结合选项,“毕竟”符合语境,故选C。
VI.【参考范文】
Dear Tm,
Hw have yu been ding recently?
Last weekend, I paid a visit t the Science and Technlgy Museum.I visited clrful exhibitins n bilgy, math and physics as well as learning abut the lives f great scientists.Besides, I watched a 5-D film abut the universe and experienced many new things.
This trip was really unfrgettable.It was amazing t learn by ding rather than just by reading.I strngly recmmend that yu visit it if time permits.
Yurs,
Li Hua