外研版（2024）八年级下册（2024））Understanding ideas测试题

这是一份外研版（2024）八年级下册（2024））Understanding ideas测试题，共9页。试卷主要包含了疑问词引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的时态规则，高频易错点总结等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Unit 6 Living with nature
单元Grammar：疑问词引导的宾语从句和宾语从句的时态问题
易错题精练80题

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讲
一、疑问词引导的宾语从句（核心模块）
1. 基本定义
由 疑问代词（what, wh, whm, whse, which）或 疑问副词（when, where, why, hw）引导的宾语从句
本质：将特殊疑问句转化为从句，作主句的宾语（及物动词 / 介词 / 形容词后）
2. 适用情况
主句谓语动词：ask, wnder, want t knw, find ut, decide, discuss, frget, remember 等（表 “询问、探究、决定” 等含义）
从句来源：原句为 特殊疑问句（含疑问词，表达具体疑问）
3. 核心用法（初中必记）
（1）引导词分类及功能
（2）关键规则
1.语序：必须用陈述语序（疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他），不可保留疑问句倒装语序
错误：He asked where is the library. → 正确：He asked where the library is.
1.疑问词含义：保留原疑问词的具体含义（如 what “什么”、when “何时”），不省略
2.无需额外连接词：疑问词本身兼具连接功能，不用再加 that/if
4. 例句（按引导词类型分类）
疑问代词引导：
She desn’t knw wh will help her.（wh 作从句主语）
I want t knw what yu bught yesterday.（what 作从句宾语）
They discussed whse bk this is.（whse 作从句定语）
疑问副词引导：
He asked when we will start.（when 作时间状语）
D yu knw where the pst ffice is?（where 作地点状语）
I wnder why she was late.（why 作原因状语）
延伸引导词：
Culd yu tell me hw much this pen csts?（hw much 表数量）
She frgt hw ften he visits his grandparents.（hw ften 表频率）
5. 与 that/if/whether 引导的从句区别
二、宾语从句的时态规则（细化模块）
1. 核心原则：主句时态 → 从句时态呼应（初中高频考点）
（1）主句为 “现在类时态”（一般现在时 / 现在进行时 / 现在完成时）
规则：从句时态 不受限制，根据句意选用任意所需时态（现在 / 过去 / 将来）
例句：
I knw that he plays ftball every weekend.（一般现在时，表习惯）
She is wndering if they went t the park yesterday.（一般过去时，表过去动作）
We have fund ut when the meeting will be held.（一般将来时，表未来）
（2）主句为 “过去类时态”（一般过去时 / 过去进行时 / 过去完成时）
规则：从句时态 必须变为相应过去时态（保持时间一致）
时态对应表：
易错提醒：从句为 “过去完成时” 时，无需再变（本身表 “过去的过去”）
（3）特例 1：从句表 “客观真理 / 客观事实 / 自然规律”
规则：无论主句时态如何，从句一律用 一般现在时
经典例句：
The scientist prved that the sun is bigger than the earth.（主句过去时，从句一般现在时）
My mm tld me water bils at 100℃.（客观事实，时态不变）
（4）特例 2：从句表 “习惯性动作 / 经常性状态”
规则：主句为过去时，从句可保留一般现在时（强调动作反复发生）
例句：
He said that he exercises every mrning.（强调习惯，不变时态）
2. 疑问词引导的宾语从句时态呼应
主句现在时：D yu knw when he will arrive?（将来时）
主句过去时：She asked where they had been the day befre.（过去完成时）
客观真理：The teacher tld us why the mn mves arund the earth.（一般现在时）
三、高频易错点总结
1. 疑问词引导从句的易错点
1.语序错误：把 “疑问词 + 一般疑问句” 直接作为从句（如误写：I dn’t knw what is he ding. → 正确：I dn’t knw what he is ding.）
2.引导词误用：混淆疑问代词和疑问副词（如误写：He asked hw is yur name. → 正确：He asked what yur name is.）
3.介词遗漏：从句作介词宾语时，不可漏介词（如：We talked abut where we wuld g. 不可省略 abut）
2. 时态呼应的易错点
1.主句过去时，从句未变相应过去时态（如误写：She said she will g. → 正确：She said she wuld g.）
2.客观真理误用过去时（如误写：He tld me the earth went arund the sun. → 正确：He tld me the earth ges arund the sun.）
3.过去将来时误用（如误写：They wndered when will the party start. → 正确：They wndered when the party wuld start.）

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练
一、单项选择
1．—________ f the tw skirts are very nice. I can’t decide ________ t chse.
— Why nt ask yur mum fr help?
A．All; whatB．Bth; which ne
C．Bth; whatD．All; which ne
2．—D yu knw if the sprts meeting ________ n time?
—Hard t say. If it ________ tmrrw, we’ll have t put it ff.
A．is held; will rainB．will be held; will rain
C．is held; rainsD．will be held; rains
3．The physics teacher tld us that light ________ faster than sund.
A．travelsB．is travellingC．travelledD．was travelling
4．—Did yu ntice ________ in his ffice?
—Yes. He was ging ver ur hmewrk.
A．what Mr. Li was dingB．hw was Mr. Li ding
C．hw Mr. Li was dingD．what Mr. Li is ding
5．When my friend saw my new Labubu, she was s curius that I decided t tell her ________.
A．where did I buy itB．where I bught itC．where I buy itD．where d I buy it
6．—What did Peter say t yu just nw, Kate?
—He asked me ________.
A．if I have read the bk Little WmenB．whether will I believe in him
C．if I had jined the music clubD．whether I will believe in him
7．“I will submit the research paper n natural wnders next week,” she said.→She said that she ________ the research paper n natural wnders the next week.
A．submitsB．submittedC．will submitD．wuld submit
8．—I want t knw if Tm ______ us in the fashin shw tnight.
—I believe if he ______ his hmewrk, he will jin us.
A．jins; finishesB．will jin; finishes
C．jins; will finishD．will jin; will finish
9．The teacher tld us that in sme Western cuntries, it ________ implite t ask peple abut their age r incme.
A．isB．wasC．will beD．wuld be
10．The guide asked if we ________ any experience in hiking thrugh muntainus areas befre.
A．haveB．hadC．will haveD．has had
11．—Culd yu tell me ________ in middle schl?
—Sure. First f all, I’ve becme much mre utging than befre.
A．hw have yu changedB．hw yu changedC．hw yu have changedD．hw did yu change
12．The saying “When yu need knwledge, yu realize hw little yu have read” tells us ________.
A．what is knwledgeB．hw we can get knwledge
C．why we shuld read mre bksD．when shuld we start t read
13．The saying “Early t bed and early t rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise” tells us ________.
A．when d peple usually g t bedB．what gd habits are
C．hw life was like in the pastD．why we shuld have gd living habits
14．—In tday’s after-schl-service class, we talked abut ________.
—That’s a gd tpic fr teenagers’ mental (心理) health.
A．hw we culd keep a gd feelingB．hw we can get better grades
C．hw can we manage ur timeD．hw culd we be helpful
15．—Wuld yu like t tell me ________?
—Sure. Abut an hur’s bus ride.
A．hw lng it takes t get t yur new schlB．hw lng des it take t get t yur new schl
C．hw far is it frm hme t yur new schlD．hw far it is frm hme t yur new schl
16．Teachers always tell us ________ t prtect the envirnment, such as saving water and picking up rubbish.
A．hwB．whenC．whereD．why
17．—Culd yu please tell me ________ I can get t Daqing Irn Man Memrial Hall?
—Sure. Yu can take N. 106 bus and get ff at Irn Man Square Statin.
A．whenB．hwC．whereD．what
18．I dn’t knw________.
A．where des he liveB．what is he ding
C．where he livesD．what he is ding it
19．— Bb, yur mdel ship lks cl. Culd yu tell me ______?
— At the DIY wrkshp in the Science Museum.
A．where did yu buy itB．where yu bught itC．when did yu buy itD．when yu bught it
20．They dn’t care ________ next year.
A．Where will they gB．Where they will gC．hw d they gD．what they g
21．—Excuse me. I wnder ________ sme snacks.
—Turn left. There’s a supermarket next t the park.
A．where can I buyB．where I can buy
C．hw can I buyD．hw I can buy
22．—Culd yu please tell me ________ the nearest bkstre is?
—G alng this street and turn left at the first crssing.
A．whatB．hwC．whereD．when
23．—Excuse me, culd yu tell me ________?
—Sure. It pens at 9:30 a. m.
A．when the library pensB．when des the library pen
C．when is the library penD．hw can I get t the library
24．—D yu knw ________ we will have the schl culture festival?
—Yes, it will be in December.
A．whenB．whereC．whatD．why
25．The teacher asked ________.
A．hw did we studyB．hw lng I will stay there
C．when wuld he cmeD．whse shirt this was
26．—I wnder ______ sweater it is n the bag.
—It may be Tm’s. This is his bag.
A．whseB．whC．whatD．hw
27．—I dn’t knw ________ she is.
—Yu can g t find ut ________.
A．whm; abut persnB．wh; in persn
C．what; fr persnD．hw; n persn
28．—Can yu tell me ________?
—Nelly.
A．when the cmpetitin isB．hw she wn the cmpetitin
C．where the cmpetitin isD．wh wn the cmpetitin
29．The saying “East r west, hme is best” tells us ________.
A．why we need t travel arundB．what hme really means t us
C．when shuld we g back hmeD．where can we find the best hme
30．Nt everyne knws ________ they want t be. Hwever, I’m sure t be a musician.
A．whenB．whC．whatD．why
31．—I wnder ________ yu d n the Mid-Autumn Festival.
—We usually eat mncakes tgether and enjy the mn at night.
A．whatB．whereC．whetherD．why
32．— D yu knw ________ we shuld d t stay safe during a trnad?
— We shuld hide in the basement r a small interir rm withut windws.
A．whatB．hwC．whyD．where
33．Can yu imagine ________ life will be like in 50 years?
A．hwB．whatC．whenD．where
34．The manager tld us her cmpany ________ a new kind f rbt t help peple with the husewrk.
A．createsB．createdC．will createD．is creating
35．Yesterday Tm said that the earth________ much bigger than the mn.
A．wasB．isC．will beD．has been
36．—When did yu sweep the flr?
—The minute I ________ ding my hmewrk, I did it.
A．finishedB．finishC．will finishD．am finishing
37．—Peter, d yu knw if Tim ______ back tmrrw?
—If he ______ back, I’ll let yu knw.
A．cmes; will cmeB．will cme; cmes
C．cmes; cmesD．will cme; will cme
38．Our teacher tld us that the experience f vercming difficulties ________ a persn mre mature.
A．makesB．madeC．will makeD．has made
39．“I have made great prgress in self-management,” Tm said. Tm said that he ________ great prgress in self-management.
A．has madeB．had madeC．makesD．made
40．She asked me if I ________ ever experienced any cultural misunderstandings during my trip t Eurpe.
A．haveB．hadC．willD．wuld
41．He said he ________ visit the ancient temple t learn mre abut the lcal religius culture as sn as he had free time.
A．willB．wuldC．hasD．had
42．—I’m srry I’m late.
—Culd yu tell me ________?
A．why yu are late againB．hw d yu g t schlC．what yu were dingD．wh did yu talk with
43．—Dear friends, d yu still remember _________ tw years ag?
—T get int a gd senir high schl.
A．hw yu came hereB．why yu came here
C．hw did yu cme hereD．why did yu cme here
44．I’m curius ________ the Nrthern Lights usually appear in the plar regins.
A．whyB．thatC．whichD．wh
45．If yu wnder ________, just g t the lab t find it ut.
A．why H2O2 prduced xygen
B．that H2O2 can prduce xygen
C．hw xygen is made frm H2O2
D．why is xygen made frm H2O2
46．—Wuld yu mind telling me ________ ?
—In fifteen minutes.
A．when will he leaveB．when he will leaveC．why des he leaveD．why he leaves
47．I wnder ________.
A．when the university campus in China will be pen t the public
B．when will the university campus in China be pen t the public
C．when wuld be pen t the university campus in China
D．when the university campus in China wuld be pen t the public
48．Culd yu tell me ________ the summer camp fr teenagers will start? I need t bk the ticket in advance.
A．whenB．thatC．whichD．what
49．Aunt Huang usually watches ________ she wants n TV until late at night.
A．wheneverB．hweverC．whereverD．whatever
50．My grandfather ften tells me ________ I d in the future, I shuld try my best t d it well.
A．whereverB．whateverC．wheneverD．whever
51．— What did the wman ask just nw?
— She asked .
A．wh was I waiting fr
B．which was the way t the pst ffice
C．hw she can get t the pst ffice
D．where I live
52．Can yu tell me which wire ________ the cmputer with the printer?
A．cnnectsB．is cnnectedC．cnnectD．t cnnect
53．There are s many nice gifts in the shp. I dn’t knw ________.
A．which I shuld buy neB．which ne shuld I buy
C．which ne t chseD．which I shuld t chse
54．There are s many beautiful scarves, I dn’t knw _________ .
A．hw t buyB．what t buyC．t chse which neD．which ne t buy
55．The saying “when I walk alng with tw thers, they may serve me as my teachers” tells us ________.
A．hw we shuld serve pepleB．wh we can learn frm
C．when we can walk with thersD．why we need teachers
56．—Sally, I want t knw _________.
—My teachers. It’s impssible fr me t get such great success withut their help.
A．why d yu wrk s hardB．what did yu imprve in yur schlwrk
C．wh yu want t thank mstD．hw yu make such great prgress
57．— Lucy, the film Ne zha 2 is very ht nw. Wuld yu like t watch it with me tnight?
— Gd idea. Culd yu tell me ________.
— Just the tw f us.
A．hw we’ll get thereB．what time yu want t g
C．whm we’ll g withD．which cinema yu’ll chse
58．I dn’t knw what the weather ________ tmrrw.
A．will beB．will likeC．will be likeD．is like
59．He tld his teammates that he ________ the rare plant species in the rainfrest the fllwing mnth.
A．will search frB．searches frC．wuld search frD．has searched fr
60．Vicky hpes t becme a friend f ________ shares her interests.
A．anyneB．whmeverC．wheverD．wh
二、完成句子
61．I want t knw. Hw can we avid cultural misunderstandings when cmmunicating with freigners?（合并为宾语从句）
I want t knw we avid cultural misunderstandings when cmmunicating with freigners.
62．D yu knw? Where can we find safe shelter during a hurricane?（合并为宾语从句）
D yu knw we find safe shelter during a hurricane?
63．D yu knw? Where can we experience authentic lcal culture in this city? (合并为宾语从句)
D yu knw we experience authentic lcal culture in this city?
64．D yu knw? What leads t the frmatin f the unique stne pillars in this area? (合并为宾语从句)
D yu knw t the frmatin f the unique stne pillars in this area?
65．Tm said, “I will visit Daqing Irn Man Memrial Hall tmrrw.”（改为宾语从句）
Tm said that visit Daqing Irn Man Memrial Hall the next day.
66．“I feel bad abut the argument,” Tm said t me. (改为间接引语)
→ Tm tld me that bad abut the argument.
67．Mrs. Green said t us, “The sun rises in the east. ” (改为宾语从句)
Mrs. Green tld us the sun in the east.
68．“Where des yur sister wrk?” Tm asked me. (改为宾语从句)
Tm asked me where sister .
69．“I feel terrible,” Tm said.（改为间接引语）
Tm said that terrible.
70．He said, “I am cllecting data abut natural disasters fr my research.” (改为间接引语)
He said that cllecting data abut natural disasters fr his research.
71．“We have finished the survey abut peple’s attitudes twards crss-cultural marriage,” they tld the reprter. (改为间接引语)
They tld the reprter that they the survey abut peple’s attitudes twards crss-cultural marriage.
72．“When will they have a spring uting?” asked Benny. (改为宾语从句)
Benny asked they have a spring uting.
73．相反，晚上他却可以看他想看的任何节目，一直看到很晚。
, he watches he wants until late at night.
74．D yu knw? Whse bike is it? (将句子改成宾语从句)
D yu knw bike it ?
75．I dn’t knw. Which natural wnder shuld we chse fr ur grup prject? (合并为宾语从句)
I dn’t knw natural wnder chse fr ur grup prject.
76．“Wh will be in charge f the next class meeting?” Tmmy wndered. (改为宾语从句)
Tmmy wndered be in charge f the next class meeting.
77．当爱因斯坦发现人们对时间和空间的感知取决于自身的运动状态时，便毫不犹豫地质疑了那些陈旧错误的观念。
When Einstein fund that peple’s feeling f time and space their mvement, he challenged the wrng ld ideas .
78．“We have finished the survey abut peple’s awareness f natural disaster safety,” they tld the reprter. (改为间接引语)
They tld the reprter that they the survey abut peple’s awareness f natural disaster safety.
79．我注意到他今天上班迟到了，是不是遇到什么麻烦了？
I that he wrk tday. Did he encunter any truble?
80．I dn’t knw. What measures shuld we take t reduce the damage caused by typhns? (合并为宾语从句)
I dn’t knw measures we take t reduce the damage caused by typhns.类型
常见引导词
从句中作用
疑问代词
what, wh, whm, whse, which
充当主语 / 宾语 / 定语 / 表语
疑问副词
when, where, why, hw
充当状语（时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式）
延伸引导词
hw many/much（数量）、hw lng（时长）、hw ften（频率）等
充当相应状语 / 定语
对比维度
疑问词引导的宾语从句
that/if/whether 引导的宾语从句
从句来源
特殊疑问句
陈述句（that）/ 一般疑问句（if/whether）
引导词功能
有具体含义，充当从句成分
无含义（that）/ 表 “是否”（if/whether），不充当成分
语序要求
陈述语序（核心）
陈述语序（核心）
原从句时态
变后相应过去时态
例句（主句：Shesaid...）
一般现在时
一般过去时
He is happy → (that) he was happy
现在进行时
过去进行时
They are wrking → (that) they were wrking
现在完成时
过去完成时
I have finished hmewrk → (that) she had finished hmewrk
一般将来时
过去将来时（wuld/shuld + 动词原形）
He will cme → (that) he wuld cme