新外研版初中英语八下Unit 6 Living with nature 宾语从句讲解及练习（无答案）

这是一份新外研版初中英语八下Unit 6 Living with nature 宾语从句讲解及练习（无答案），共9页。
Unit 6 Living with nature （宾语从句） 内容提要 表格围绕单元核心语法，梳理了疑问词引导的宾语从句的引导词分类、关键规则（语序、时态）、补充结构及典型例句，清晰呈现其用法要点与应用场景。使用注意事项1. 语序规范：无论原疑问词是什么，从句必须用陈述语序（主语在前，谓语在后），避免出现 “疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语” 的错误结构。2. 时态呼应：主句为过去时态时，从句需调整为对应的过去时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等）；但客观真理、固定事实不受主句时态影响，仍用一般现在时。3. 连接代词用法：who（主格）可在从句中作主语或宾语，whom（宾格）仅作宾语，口语中可用 who 代替 whom（如 “who you spoke to”=“whom you spoke to”）。4. 疑问词 + to do 结构：该结构后不可额外加宾语（如 “what to do it” 错误，正确为 “what to do” 或 “how to do it”），需注意疑问词是否在结构中充当宾语。一、单项选择1．—Do you know ________ the new museum will open?—Next month, I think.A．whenB．whereC．whyD．how2．—Could you tell me ________ ?—Sure. It’s on Main Street.A．where is the post officeB．where the post office isC．where was the post officeD．where the post office was3．—I wonder ______ coat it is on the chair.—It might be Tom’s. This is his chair.A．whose B．whatC．whichD．why4．—Do you know ________ North American people wear on special days?—I’m not sure. Let’s search on the Internet.A．whoB．whenC．whatD．where5．— I’m planning a trip to Harbin this summer vacation. I wonder ______ the best time is to go there. — Why not go online to get more information about it?A．thatB．whenC．whyD．whether6．—The project is so difficult for your cousin.—Yes, I am wondering ________.A．that he will finish it on timeB．can I do anything necessary for himC．how could I help him outD．whether he can finish it by himself7．I often look through the weather report on the mobile phone. It shows ________.A．what will the weather be likeB．what the weather will likeC．how the weather will beD．how will the weather be8．The idiom “The slightest difference can lead to a thousand miles of error (错)” tells us ________.A．how important it is to be careful at the very beginningB．why you are misled to a far placeC．when should we stopD．where we should stop going forward9．—Could you tell me ________?—Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the users’ guide first?A．where I can get a home robotB．how I can turn the home robot onC．whether you’ve had a home robot10．—Could you please tell me ______?—On October 16th, 2022.A．where did the 20th CPC National Congress(中共二十大) take placeB．where the 20th CPC National Congress took placeC．when did the 20th CPC National Congress take placeD．when the 20th CPC National Congress took place11．—Could you tell me ________? —For more than two weeks.A．how soon will he return the novelB．when can I borrow the novelC．how long I can keep the novelD．if she needs to give back the novel12．Can you tell me which wire ________ the computer with the printer?A．connectsB．is connectedC．connectD．to connect13．Can you tell me ________?A．what does the moon look likeB．what the moon looks likeC．how does the moon look likeD．how the moon looks like14．— What was Peter busy with just now?— Nothing much. He just thought about ________.A．if he had finished reading the bookB．why the boy had so many questionsC．there were twelve months in a yearD．when they will leave for Beijing15．Could you please tell me ________.A．which is the way to the museumB．which the way is to the museumC．which the way to the museum isD．the way to the museum is which二、完成句子16．因此，当你长大后，你可以成为你想成为的人。So when you grow up, you can be .17．他没告诉我他什么时候再回来。He didn’t tell me back.18．想象一下你刚刚赢得一百万英镑。 you have just won a million pounds.19．“Can you use the Internet in a proper way?” The teacher asked me. (改为间接引语)The teacher asked me use the Internet in a proper way.20．Did Mary catch the school bus today? Does the teacher know? (改宾语从句)Does the teacher know Mary the school bus today?21．“I will stay away from danger,” he says. (改为间接引语)He says that stay away from danger.22．Frank asked me, “Have you ever created a comic strip?” (改为宾语从句)Frank asked me whether ever created a comic strip.23．“Where did you buy these books?” she asks me. (合并为宾语从句)She asks me those books.24．Miss Li一直在思考如何能提升他们的阅读技能。Miss Li was thinking about improve their reading skills.25．Do you know? Where can we find safe shelter during a hurricane?（合并为宾语从句）Do you know we find safe shelter during a hurricane?26．Martin asked his friend,“Are you free tonight?”（改为间接引语）Martin asked his friend he free that night.27．我们希望她的梦想能实现。We her can .28．艾伦不知道在一个陌生的地方能向谁求助。Alan doesn’t he can ask for help at a strange place.29．Could you tell me how I can fly the plane? (改为同义句)Could you tell me the plane?30．He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思)He expected that he forgiven.三、阅读理解ACan you imagine borrowing sounds from a library, just like you borrow books? A new kind of library known as a “Sound Library” is making this possible in some cities around the world. These libraries collect and share all kinds of sounds that are part of our lives and culture.In a sound library, you won’t find shelves full of books. Instead, you can borrow audio files or use special listening stations. The collection includes natural sounds like bird songs from a local forest, street sounds from a busy market, traditional music, and even the voices of community elders telling old stories. Some libraries also allow people to record and donate (捐赠) their own sounds, creating a living collection that everyone can enjoy.Why is this important? In our age, many sounds are missing. Old machines, local languages, and natural environments are changing or being lost. Sound libraries help to save these “audio memories” for the future. They also remind us to listen carefully to our world.Sound libraries are more than just museums for sound. They are community centers where people connect through listening. For students, the collection—from the quiet sound of rain to the cheerful noise of a playground or the special tone of an instrument—offers a vivid way to learn about history, science, and culture. These sounds tell the story of who we are and how we live together.1. What is a “Sound Library” mainly about?A．Lending music CDs and movies.B．Selling audio games.C．A quiet place for reading books.D．Collecting and sharing different sounds.2. What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 2 about sound libraries?A．They are replacing traditional book libraries completely.B．They care more about modern music than old sounds.C．They value the sounds from people’s daily lives.D．They are only for scientists and researchers.3. What is one main reason for creating sound libraries?A．To forget traditional book libraries.B．To teach people how to record music.C．To save missing sounds for the future.D．To ask people to read more books.4. What does the word “vivid” most probably mean?A．Clear and lively.B．Easy and fast.C．Quiet and peaceful.D．Old and traditional.BFor teenagers, friendship is like a seesaw (跷跷板) on a playground. A good friendship needs a balance between “giving” and “taking”. This balance is the key to healthy friendships.We can call this the Friendship Seesaw. When both friends give help, share, and respect each other, the seesaw stays easy and fun. But if one friend always listens and the other only talks, the seesaw falls down. The giver feels tired, and the taker may not see the problem.How do you know if a friendship is unbalanced (失衡)? Here are some signs:·You often change your plans for them, but they don’t do the same for you.·You feel worried about saying “no” to them.·You celebrate their success, but they forget yours.So, how can you keep the seesaw balanced?1. Think about yourself. Ask: “Do I give or take more in this friendship?”2. Talk about your feelings. Say things like “I feel…” instead of blaming (指责).3. Know when to step back. A true friend will care about your needs. If not, it may be time to look for better friendships.Remember a balanced friendship is not about who does more. It is about two friends trying, caring, and growing together. It makes sure no one is left alone.1. What is the main purpose of the “Friendship Seesaw” in the passage?A．To explain a fun game on the playground.B．To describe a problem in making friends.C．To give advice on how to end a friendship.D．To show the importance of balance in friendship.2. What is the writer’s advice if a friend doesn’t care about your needs?A．Always put your friend first.B．Stop talking about your feelings.C．Try to change your friend’s mind.D．Think about finding better friendships.3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A．One friend needs to do more.B．It is about working together.C．Friends should always stay together.D．It is about having a race with each other.4. What is the main idea of this passage?A．How to play on a seesaw with friends.B．How to build balanced friendships.C．Why friends sometimes argue.D．How to make more friends.COne night, a little Swallow (燕子) stopped to rest at the feet of a golden statue (雕塑) called the Happy Prince. As he was about to sleep, a drop of water fell on him. He looked up and saw the Happy Prince crying. “Why are you crying?” asked the Swallow. “When I was alive, I lived happily in a palace and never saw sadness,” said the statue. “Now I stand here and can see all the sadness of the city. Though my heart is made of lead (铅), it makes me cry.” He told the Swallow about a poor woman in a small house. Her little boy was sick and asking for oranges, but she had only water to give him. The Prince asked the Swallow to take the ruby (红宝石) from his body and give it to them. At first, the Swallow did not want to stay because his friends were waiting for him in Egypt. But the Prince looked so sad that the Swallow agreed to help. He took the ruby and flew to the poor woman’s house. He placed the ruby on her table and fanned the sick boy with his wings. The boy felt cooler and fell asleep. When the Swallow returned, he told the Prince what he had done. Even though the night was cold, the Swallow felt warm inside. “That is because you have done a good thing,” said the Happy Prince. The little Swallow thought about this, and soon fell asleep beside his new friend with a smile. —Rewrite from The Happy Prince and Other Tales by Oscar Wilde1. Why was the Happy Prince crying?A．Because he was not alive like before.B．Because he left his happy palace.C．Because he saw too much sadness.D．Because he saw a poor woman.2. According to the passage, what’s the right order of the following pictures? ①                  ②                    ③                ④A．①③②④B．①④③②C．③①④②D．③①②④3. How did the Swallow feel when he returned to the Happy Prince?A．Cold and sad.B．Happy and warm.C．Happy but cold.D．Sleepy but warm.4. What can we learn from the story?A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.B．Where there is a will, there is a way.C．All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.D．The fragrance always remains in the hand that gives the rose.四、选词填空Passage  SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 1阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的引导词完成短文 David went to his cousin’s party. They talked about 1 their closest friends were. David said, “My best friend is Amy, an 81-year-old woman in Florida. ” David and Amy were on the same team. After the game, they became good friends. David told her 2 his dream was. However, life was hard for David. He didn’t know 3 he could get money to play music. Most of the time, he had to work. He felt 4 his dream was hopeless. When he almost lost heart, Amy helped him. Then he held his first concert successfully. A reporter heard of their story. He wondered 5 Amy was like. He interviewed her. To his surprise, their friendship was more beautiful than he imagined. Later, many people asked Amy 6 she did so many things for David. That old woman said, “As friends, we should give a hand when he needs. ”Passage  SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 2根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。Dear Maria, How is it going? Yesterday, I 1 a very special Chinese noodle restaurant with my parents. The weather in Canada was much 2 than last week, and it kept snowing for several weeks, so a bowl of tomato noodles with hot soup was just perfect. It tasted 3 and made us feel warm. After the meal, an old man taught me 4 to make this kind of soup noodles. Now let me tell you the way to make it. First, 5 two onions and three tomatoes into pieces. Make three teaspoons of butter very hot, over 80℃. And then mix the onions and tomatoes 6 a little sugar in the hot pot. Cook them for about five 7 . Next, add some water. When the water boils, whisk (搅动) the egg whites and pour 8 into the pot. Cook it 9 for one or two minutes, then add one teaspoon of salt. Now the soup is OK. Finally, pour the soup over the noodles. How delicious! I’m sure that you will 10 them, too. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon. SusanPassage  SEQ a \* MERGEFORMAT 3阅读短文，从方框总选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一词。In China, safety (安全) 1 is becoming more and more important now. The last Monday in March is for students to learn it at school. It helps students learn more about 2 they should do to keep safe. What are the accidents at school? Let’s take a look. Stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires are the main accidents at school. A stampede always happens in 3 places. When students around you begin to push (推), just stand there and try to hold on to something. If you 4 down in the crowd, move to one side and protect (保护) your head with your hands around. When earthquakes happen, you can hide 5 a desk quickly and hold on. It will protect you from falling things. If you are outdoors, find a place and away from buildings, trees and power lines (电线). When there is a 6 , leave the classroom quickly. It’s better to put something 7 over your mouth and nose. In this way, you 8 breathe (呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of the fire but smoke. It makes them cough and they can’t breathe. That’s very 9 . So when you want to get out, you should make 10 close to the floor. Then you can breathe some fresh air.核心语法回顾专项能力突破解题综合提升语法模块具体内容核心定义特殊疑问句充当宾语时，由疑问词充当连接词，连接词有词义、不可省略，从句用陈述语序引导词分类及功能1. 连接代词（作主语 / 宾语 / 定语 / 表语）：who（谁，主格）、whom（谁，宾格）、whose（谁的）、what（什么）、which（哪个）2. 连接副词（作状语）：when（何时）、where（何地）、how（如何）、why（为何）关键规则1. 语序：必须用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问语序（如 “what can they do” 错误，正确为 “what they can do”）2. 时态一致：①主句为现 / 将来时（tells/will tell 等），从句按实际情况选时态②主句为过去时（said/told 等），从句用相应过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时等）③从句表客观真理 / 事实，用一般现在时（不受主句时态影响）补充结构（疑问词 + to do）相当于简化的宾语从句，用于表达 “如何 / 何时 / 何地做某事”，常用结构：how to do it（如何做）、what to say（说什么）、where to buy（在哪里买）典型例句：I don’t know how to use the laptop.典型例句1. 连接代词：He asked them what they did at the weekend. / Do you know who wrote the story?2. 连接副词：Could you tell me where the nearest supermarket is? / I wonder when we will visit the museum.3. 客观真理：The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.what, how, that, why, whoquickly  how  they  with  cold  enjoy  minute  delicious  cut  visitunder, won’t, danger, your, what, education, fire, wet, fall, crowded,