八下宾语从句讲解及练习（附答案）

这是一份八下宾语从句讲解及练习（附答案），共3页。试卷主要包含了宾从概念，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句的引导词，宾语从句的时态，宾语从句的否定转移，选择填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的三大考点即：语序、引导词、时态。
如：I knw the answer.(名词做宾语)
I knw that Tm gets the answer. (句子做宾语, 叫做宾语从句）
二、宾语从句的语序
从句部分要用陈述语序。（主+谓+宾）
What is his father’s name? 他父亲叫什么名字？
I dn’t knw what his father’s name is. 我不知道他父亲叫什么名字？
When will they leave fr Shanghai?你们什么时候去上海？
Can yu tell me when they will leave fr Shanghai?你能告诉我他们什么时候去上海吗？
注意：当从句原句为以下句子时，语序不变。
What’s wrng? I dn’t knw what’s wrng.
What’s the matter? I dn’t knw what’s the matter.
What’s happening?
Practice:
判断以下句子是否陈述句语序。
It sunds crazy. （ ）
What clthes shuld I take. （ ）
Is 200 dllars enugh. （ ）
Yu shuld take ntebks. （ ）
Hw can I help. （ ）
把以下句子换成陈述句。
Des Betty like cat?
Did yur brther g t the park yesterday?
Has Lingling been t America?
三、宾语从句的引导词
1.当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连接词that引导，that在口语、非正式文体中常被省略。
如：He says. He has been t Shanghai twice.
=He says(that) he has been t Shanghai twice.他说他去过上海两次。
She said. She went t the park last week.
=She said (that) she went t the park last week.她说她上周去公园了。
Practice：
把一下句子组合成宾语从句。
①I hear. He will be back in an hur.
②I tell him. I will g t Beijing tmrrw.
③I knw. The Water Festival is really fun.
2. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问词就是引导词。特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词不可省略。
如：Culd yu please tell me? Where will we have a meeting?
=Culd yu please tell me where we will have a meeting?你能告诉我们将在哪儿开会吗？
I wndered. What shuld I d next?
=I wndered what I shuld d next.我想知道下一步该做什么。
Practice：
把一下句子组合成宾语从句。
①D yu knw? Wh are they are waiting fr?
②I knw. Where des he live?
③Can yu tell me? When will yu travel t Lndn?
3. if或whether引导的宾语从句
（1）当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，要用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。 If和whether只起到连接作用，不充当句子成分，一般情况下可互换。
I want t knw if /whether he is waiting fr me.我想知道他是否在等我。
Culd yu tell me if /whether yu have been t Australia? 你能告诉我你是否去过澳大利亚吗？
（2）下列情况下一般只能用whether：
①与r nt连用时
I dn’t knw whether he likes the mvie r nt. 我不知道他喜不喜欢这部电影。
②作介词的宾语时
Everything depends n whether we have enugh time.一切取决于我们是否有足够的时间。
③Whether后能加t d, if 不行
She hasn’t decided whether t g r nt.她还没决定去还是不去。
Practice:
用whether/if填空。
1.D yu knw Kate gets up early?
2.I dn’t knw Jim is a gd student r nt.
3.I wnder t g the party tnight.
4.We are talking abut we’ll g n the picnic.

四、宾语从句的时态
（1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可用其所需的任何时态。
He says that he has seen this film.他说他已经看过这部电影了。
He says that he is watching TV.他说他正在看电视。
（2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用过去的某种时态。
He said they wuld g t Hainan winter hliday.他说他们将去海南度假。
She didn’t knw if they had seen the mvie.她不知道他们是否看过那部电影了。
注意：
1.如果从句的内容表示的是客观真理或不可改变的自然现象等，虽然主句用了过去时态，从句仍然用一般现在时。
The teacher tld us that the earth ges arund the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转动。
The teacher said light travels faster than sund.老师说光比声音传播得快。
现在完成时不属于过去的某种时态。主句用Culd/Wuld来问的只表示委婉、礼貌，不表示过去。
He says that he has seen this film. → He said that he had seen this film.
Culd yu tell me where he lives?
Practice:
请把以下句子改成正确的宾语从句。
1.I think. She is a clever girl.
2.We all knw. They reached Shanghai yesterday.
3.D yu knw? Is there ging t be a ftball match tnight?
4.Please tell me. Hw lng can I keep this bk?
5.These flwers are frm Guangdng. He said.
6.Did she sleep well last night? David asked.
7.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t knw.
8.I see that they are swimming in the river. I saw that
9.He tells me that he has finished his hmewrk. He tld me that
10.Dad tells me that the sun rises in the east. Dad tells me
11.Teresa tells her sn that leaves turn yellw in autumn. Teresa tells her sn
五、宾语从句的否定转移
当宾语从句表示否定意义时，如果主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppse, expect等词时，通常将否定转移到主句的谓语动词中。
I dn’t believe he will cme.我相信他不会来了。
I dn’t think there is anything wrng with the radi.我认为这台收音机没有毛病。
宾从综合练习
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1. These flwers are frm Guangdng. He said.
He said _______ these flwers _______ frm Guangdng.
2. Light travels faster than sund. My teacher tld me.
My teacher tld me _____ light _______ faster than sund.
3. There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t knw.
Jack didn’t knw _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.
4. Can they speak French? I want t knw.
I want t knw ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5. Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6. Have yu finished yur hmewrk yet? Mr. Zha asked Ma Gang.
Mr. Zha asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ hmewrk yet.
7. Hw many peple can yu see in the picture? Wh knws?
Wh knws ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8. Where did she park her car? D yu knw?
D yu knw _____ _____ ____ her car?
9. What des he ften talk abut? The girl wndered.
The girl wndered _____ _____ ften ________ abut.
10. Wh kncked at the dr s ludly? I dn’t knw.
I dn’ t knw ____ _______ at the dr s ludly.
11. Des he still live in that street? I dn't knw.
I dn't knw ______ he still _______ in that street.
12. What's his name? I asked him.
I asked him what _____ _____ _____.
13. When des the train arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
14. D they want fried chicken? He asked the bys.
He asked the bys _______ they ______ fried chicken.
15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dn't knw.
I dn't knw _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1. Jim tld me ____ he didn't g fishing yesterday afternn.（hw, why）
2. D yu knw ______ else is ging t be n duty tday？（wh, whm）
3. She said _____ it wuldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can d better.（hw, wh）
5. I really dn't knw ________ the bridge will be finished.（hw lng, hw sn）
6. They dn't knw _______ t g r wait. (if, whether)
7. We are talking abut ______ we’ll g back tmrrw. (whether, if)
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (where, what)
9. I dn't knw ____ s many peple are lking at him. (hw, why)
10. D yu knw ______ yu are studying fr? (why, what)
四、句型转换。
1. “D yu want t try it?” Tm's mther asked him.(同义句)
Tm's mther asked him _______ _______ ______ t try it.
2. I think this is a gd idea.（改为否定句）
I _______ ________ this ________ a gd idea.
3. Lucy hasn't decided which trusers t buy.（改为复合句
Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.
4. I dn't knw hw I can get t the hspital.（改为简单句
I dn't knw ________ ________ ________ t the hspital.
5. I dn’t suppse they will cme, _______ ______ ? (改为反意疑问句)
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he ________ (g) t schl tmrrw.
2. D yu knw wh ______ (be) the first man t walk n the mn?
3. Culd yu tell me where the pst ffice ______ (is)?
4. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new cmputer.
5. I hear that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday.
6. The little by tells us where his father _______ (wrk).
7. He said that he _________ (finish) his wrk already.
8. They thught they culd _______ (hike) t the tp f the muntain.
9. He was glad that s many peple _____ (help) him.
10. She desn’t knw whether ________ (g) r wait.
六、选择填空。
( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if yu are free the next week B. what clr was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer cmes after spring
( ) 2. Tm asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he frm B. that the earth is bigger than the mn
C. when did he cme back D. nt t be s angry
( ) 3. Let me tell yu __________________.
A. hw much is the car B. hw much des the car cst
C. hw much did I pay fr the car D. hw much I spent n the car
( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the bk B. why the by had s many questins
C. there were 12 mnths in a year D. when they will leave fr Paris
( ) 5. Culd yu tell me ___________?
A. where d yu live B. wh yu are waiting fr
C. wh were yu waiting fr D. where yu live in
( ) 6. I can't understand ______the by alne.
A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left
( ) 7. She tld me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rse C. rises D. had risen
( ) 8.I dn't knw ________ up s early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why des he get D. why he gt
( ) 9. The manager came up t see __________.
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
宾从综合练习参考答案：
一、1.that, were 2.that, travels 3.that, wuld be 4.if/whether they can speak 5.if/whether, are playing 6.if/whether he had finished his 7. hw many peple yu can see 8.where she parked 9.what he, talked 10.wh kncked 11.if/whether, lives 12.his name was 14.if/whether, wanted 15.if/whether, was
三、1.why 2.wh 3.that 4.hw 5.hw sn 6.whether 7.whether 8.what 9.why 10.what
四、1.if/whether he wanted 2.dn’t think, is 3.which trusers she can 4.hw t get 5.will they
五、1.will g 2.was 3. is 4.wuld 5.swam 6.wrks
7.had finished 8.hike 9.helped 10.t g
六、1—5: DDDBB 6—9:ACDB