高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage学案

UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE

1．apply v．申请；使用→application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)

2．contribute v．捐献；捐助→contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠

3．appear v．出现；到场→disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearance n．消失；灭绝；消亡

4．create v．创造；建立→creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地

5．balance vt.使平衡 n．平衡；均匀→balanced adj.保持平衡的

6．propose v．提议；建议；主张→proposal n．提议；建议

7．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→limited adj.有限的

8．lose vt.失去；损失→loss n．丧失；损失→lost adj.迷路的；失去的

9．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠；赠送

1．conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法

vt.组织；安排；带领；举止；表现

①Under the conduct of his father，their business was very successful. n.管理

②He conducted the audience to their seats. vt.带领

③He conducted himself far better than expected. vt.表现

2．issue n．重要议题；争论的问题；发行；分发

v．出版；发行；宣布；公布

①They issued a special set of stamps to mark the occasion. v.发行；出版

②She usually writes about environmental issues. n.问题

③I bought a set of the new stamps on the date of issue. n.发行

Words and Phrases

知识要点1　balance vt.使平衡；权衡 n．平衡；均匀

(教材P4)Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.

在发展和文化遗址的保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。

[例1]　She tries to balance home life and career.

她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。

[例2]　It is very difficult for me to keep a balance between social activities and studies.

让我在社交活动与学业之间保持平衡非常困难。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①He cut down on coffee and cigarettes，and ate a balanced(balance) diet.

②He balanced a trip to the mountains against the chance of a summer job.

③It is important for us to keep the balance of nature.

④我们必须权衡事物的利与弊。

We must balance the advantages against the disadvantages of things.

⑤他试着用一只脚站稳。

He tried to balance on one foot．

[小片段填空]

When he first learned to skate，he didn't know how to balance himself and lost his balance constantly.But now he has learned to keep himself balanced while skating.

最初学习滑冰时，他不知道如何使自己保持平衡，经常失去平衡。可是，现在他已经学会了滑冰时使自己保持平衡。

知识要点2　lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向……

(教材P4)But the proposal led to protests.

但该提议引发了抗议。

[例1]　Many of these chemicals can lead to cancers or other illnesses.

这些化学物质中有许多会导致癌症或其他疾病。

[例2]　As is known to us，all roads lead to Rome.

众所周知，条条大路通罗马。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句改写

①All the roads leading(lead)to the city had been blocked.

②The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught(catch)．

③What led you to this conclusion?

④The news led us to believe(believe)that they would come.

⑤An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.

→An ordinary cold can soon result in/contribute to a fever.

[小片段填空]

He led the way，and led us to a village nearby.There we found the local people led a happy life．

他带路，把我们领到了附近的一个村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。

[名师点津]　表示“导致”的常用表达还有：cause，result in，contribute to，bring about。

知识要点3　likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地

(教材P4)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage.

大坝的水可能会破坏许多寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物。

[例1]　Race walking is less likely to cause knee injuries.

竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤。

[例2]　We will most likely see him later.

我们很可能晚些时候会见到他。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句改写

①Children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue(continue)when they grow up.

②Depressed patients are more likely(likely)to become ill than normal people.

③Stephen Hawking believed that the earth is unlikely(likely) to be the only planet where life has developed gradually.

④He is likely to raise enough funds for this project soon.

→It's likely that he will raise enough funds for this project soon.

知识要点4　turn to向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；从事于

(教材P4)After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.

在听取了研究这一问题的科学家和住在大坝附近的居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。

[例1]　If you turn to Page 40，you will find it.

如果你翻到第40页，你会找到它。

[例2]　More and more people turn to computer science.

愈来愈多的人从事计算机科学研究。

[即学即练]　用turn的短语填空

①Don't turn off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.

②Much to the family's surprise，Dennis turned up at the hospital with gifts for the new mother and her baby.

③However，anger can easily turn to violence，and it is best to know the reasons for anger.

④How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?

知识要点5　(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.

(联合国)成立了一个委员会来限制对埃及建筑物的破坏，防止文物的丢失。

(1)limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定

[例1]　Try to limit your speech to five minutes.

尽量把你的演讲限制在5分钟内。

[例2]　Our life has a limit，but knowledge is without limit.

生命有限，知识无涯。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①I was sorry that my vocabulary was so limited(limit) that I could find no words to describe it.

②I'll help as much as I can，but there is a limit to what I can do.

③There are limitless(limit) possibilities if you keep an open mind.

④你最好给每月的开支设置限度。

You had better set a limit to the monthly expenses.

⑤孩子的想象力是无限的。

There is no limit to children's imagination.

[小片段填空]

A man's life is limited，but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.

人的生命是有限的，可是为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。

(2)prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠

[例1]　They were prevented from entering the burning building.

他们被拦在了燃烧着的大楼的外面。

[例2]　We were prevented from attending Professor Li's lecture by the heavy rain.

大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲。

[名师点津]　

表示“阻止……做某事”的三个短语用于被动语态中时，from都不能省略。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句改写

①You can't stop people from saying(say) what they think.

②Something has been done to protect(protect) the grain from rain.

③She was prevented(prevent) from taking the exam by illness.

④Nothing would prevent him speaking out against injustice.

→Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.

→Nothing would keep/stop him speaking out against injustice.

知识要点6　contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠

(教材P4)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.

该组织要求不同部门捐款，并在国际社会上筹集资金。

[例1]　Everyone should make a contribution to protecting the environment.

每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。

[例2]　Failure can make a positive contribution to your life once you learn to make use of it.

一旦你学会了利用失败，失败就能为你的生活做出积极的贡献。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①Tu Youyou has made great contributions(contribute) to the people infected with malaria(疟疾)．

②We made a contribution to those who are badly off.

③He contributed a number of articles to the magazine.

[小片段填空]

Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper.

许多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款，使他可以重返校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的故事，并把它投稿到了一家报社。

知识要点7　attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试

(教材P5)Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam?

为什么埃及政府试图建设这个大坝？

[例1]　He attempted to change his learning style，but failed.

他试图改变他的学习方式，但是没有成功。

[例2]　In an attempt to attract more customers，they took a variety of measures.

为了吸引更多顾客，他们采取了各种措施。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/一句多译

①He made an attempt to learn to skate.

②He has attempted to find(find) a peaceful solution to the conflict.

③They made no attempt to escape(escape)．

④他们在试图用新的方法保护文化遗址。

They are making an attempt/attempting to protect cultural relics in a new way.(attempt)

→They are trying to protect cultural relics in a new way.(try)

知识要点8　worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的

(教材P5)A lot of money was spent to protect the temples.Do you think it was worthwhile?

保护这些庙宇花费了很多钱。你认为值得吗？

[例1]　His daughter felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.

他的女儿觉得保存他的音乐很有价值。

[例2]　It is worthwhile to discuss the problem further.

进一步讨论这个问题是值得的。

[易混辨析]

worthwhile/worthy/worth

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/选词填空(worthwhile/worth/worthy)

①It is worthwhile to send(send) him abroad for further education.

②The book is worthy of being read/to be read(read) carefully.

③This idea is well worth considering(consider)．

④Most students agreed that the experience was worth it.

⑤He was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.

⑥Find out the reason，and then making the mistake becomes worthwhile．

Sentence Patterns

重点句式1　a time when...“一个……的时期”

(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.

新旧更替的时代已经到来。在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。

[句式分析]

a time when...“一个……的时期”，when引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a time。

[例1]　There comes a time when children must leave home and spread their wings.

总有一天，孩子们必须离家去施展他们自己的才能。

[例2]　There comes a time when teenagers learn English on the Internet.

青少年在网上学英语的时代到来了。

[即学即练]　完成句子

①到了一个人要为自己所犯的错误负责的时候了。

There comes a time when one must be responsible for his/her mistakes.

②那是一个任何事都可能会发生的时代。

It was a time when anything seemed possible.

③我经常怀念我的童年。那是一段我几乎每天都无忧无虑的日子。

I often miss my childhood.It was a time when I spent almost each day without worries.

④当初我见到他的时候，他还很年轻。

At the time when I saw him，he was very young.

重点句式2　not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”

(教材P4)Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.

这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。

[句式分析]

not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”用作并列连词，相当于“not just...but also...”。

[例1]　They not only broke into his office but (also) tore up his papers.

他们不仅闯进了他的办公室，而且撕碎了他的文件。

[例2]　The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.

英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的社会习俗。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Not only did he teach at school，but he wrote novels.

②Not only I but also Tom and Mary are/were(be) fond of watching television.

③他们不但迷路了，而且没有钱。

Not only did they lose their way，but also they had no money.

④不仅是这个孩子，还有他的父母也在欣赏这部电影。

Not only the child but also his parents are enjoying the film．

1．(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.

[分析]　本句是一个复合句，连词and连接表示顺承关系的两个并列句。第一个分句中when引导的是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a time；第二个分句中as引导的是一个时间状语从句，it作形式主语。

[译文]　新旧更替的时代已经到来。在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。

2．(教材P4)Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO，which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.

[分析]　这是一个主从复合句。which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO，which在从句中作主语；其中which引导的从句中含有that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a programme，that在从句中作主语。

[译文]　也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一个防止世界各地的文化遗产消失的项目。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．It is highly likely that he will succeed.

2．The heavy rain made his business suffer a great loss.

3．He is a very creative (create) musician.

4．Families are limited(limit)to four free tickets each.

5．In addition，you will be required to pay an application(apply)fee.

6．The proposal(propose)supported by a large majority of the teachers was accepted.

7．A balanced(balance)diet should contain some fat，some fiber，a little salt and so on.

8．Alan has made a great contribution(contribute) to the sport.

9．They attempt to finish(finish) the task before July.

10．It was a time when people weren't so concerned about health.

Ⅱ.短语填空

take part in；give way to；keep balance；make a proposal；lead to；turn to；prevent...from；donate...to；make sure；in danger

1．As we all know，success lies in hard work while laziness leads to failure.

2．I believe old farming methods should give way to improved modern ones.

3．I would greatly appreciate it if you could let me know whether you can take part in the match.

4．You'd better keep balance of your diet.

5．Just make sure you shut the gate after you.

6．They turn to you because they trust you.

7．The dam was in danger because of the rising flood.

8．Further treatment will prevent cancer from developing.

9．How much on average do you donate to charity per year?

10．I make a proposal that we(should) hold a meeting next week.

Ⅲ.课文语法填空

In the 1950s，the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile，but the proposal led to 1.protests (protest)．This was because water from the dam would 2.likely (like) damage many cultural relics.Then the government 3.established (establish) a committee to find a solution to the 4.protection (protect) of Egypt's cultural heritage.After a proposal for how the relics could 5.be saved (save) was made，the project began in 1960 and ended in 1980.During those years，22 temples 6.and countless cultural relics were taken down piece by piece，moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe 7.from the water.The project was considered 8.a great success.It's believed that it was possible for different countries 9.to work (work) together to build a better tomorrow.The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today.If a problem seems too difficult for a single country，the 10.global (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.