高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage精品习题

Unit 1 Cultural Heritage —2022-2023学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册大单元“四步复习法”

第一步：单元学习目标整合

第二步：单元思维导图回顾知识

第三步：单元重难知识易混易错

Grammar:

注：that和which都可指物，且在句中都可作主语和宾语，多数情况下可以互换。但在以下情况中，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。

1.先行词既指人又指物。

2.先行词被all, every, any, little, only, much, no等不定代词修饰时，或先行词本身是all, much, everything, anything, no以及no构成的复合词。

3.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰。

4.先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same修饰。

5.有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词。

6.主句以who, what, which开头的特殊疑问句。

关系代词和关系副词的判定方法：

关系副词和关系代词的选择是根据先行词在定语从句中做的成分。若是做状语，则用关系副词或“介词+which”; 若是做主语和宾语，则用关系代词。

“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句：

关系代词做介词的宾语时，为了使关系代词与先行词的关系词更加紧凑，可以将从句中的介词提前到关系代词之前，形成“介词+关系代词”结构。该结构中的关系代词可用which或whom；介词可以依据从句中的谓语的搭配、与先行词的搭配或句子意义来确定。

  Is this the car for which you paid a high price?

这是你花大价钱买的车吗？（根据从句中谓语动词pay的搭配来定）

注：（1）有些“动词+介词”短语，如 look for, look after, call on等不可拆开而把介词置于关系代词之前。

（2）有时候“介词+关系代词”前还会有名词、代词等。

The river, the bank of which are covered with trees, flows to the seas.

定语从句需要注意的问题：

1. as引导限制性定语从句时，常用于下列句式中：

such+名词+as..…像……一样的；the same+名词+as.…

和……同样的。

2.当先行词是time时，若time表示“次数”，应用that引导定语从句，并且that可以省略；若time表示“一段时间”

讲，应用when或“at/during+which”引导定语从句。

This is the second time（that）the president has visited the country.

这是这位总统第二次访问这个国家。

This is at a time when/during which there were no radios，no telephones or no TV sets.

这是在一个没有收音机，没有电话，也没有电视机的时代。

3.定语从句中的主谓一致

当关系代词在从句中做主语时，从句中谓语动词的数

原则上要与先行词保持一致，但要注意以下几点：先行词是

“one of+复数名词”结构时，关系代词引导的定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如有the very，the only，the first，the last，the right 等修饰one时，谓语动词用单数。

This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.

这是被问过的最有意思的问题之一。

4. stage表示“阶段”，occasion表示“场合”，后接的定语从句既可接when也可接where。

The baby has reached the stage when he can stand up.

婴儿到了能站立的阶段了。

例题

一、根据所给汉语提示填空

1．The downturn hit the real estate (房地产) firm __________________ (她在那儿做了10年的办公室经理). (根据汉语提示完成句子)

2．The bookshop __________________ (我在那里买了这本书) is not far from here. (根据汉语提示完成句子)

3．Will we reach a time _________ (在那时电脑真的会思考)? (根据汉语提示完成句子)

4．The English Corner is an activity ________ (我们可以练习口语)．（根据汉语提示完成句子）

5．The dictionary is a tool ________(能帮助我们学习语言)．（根据汉语提示完成句子）

6．The Spring Festival is a time ________ (家庭成员聚到一起). (根据汉语提示完成句子)

7．The mobile phone is a machine ________ (功能强大). (根据汉语提示完成句子)

8．The platform (站台) is a place ________(我们等车并且上车的地方).（根据汉语提示完成句子）

9．Mother is the person ________(为家庭做出很大贡献)．（根据汉语提示完成句子）

10．It was in the hotel ________________ (他住的) that I met him. (根据汉语提示完成句子)

二、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。

Be pleased to do anything even though it is very tiny. In fact, there’s no single thing that is not ____11____ (值得的) doing or you are not able to do. So ____12____ (live) a happy life with a light heart is the most important. Then how can you live a happy life?

Make each day meaningful by helping someone or just making someone smile. The feeling ____13____ makes you want to help others stays at the bottom of your heart. Happiness depends ____14____ your feelings in your heart. Helping others is helping ____15____ (you).

____16____ (face) difficulties bravely in your life. Everyone may meet with difficulties. No one can ____17____ (避免) them. The difficulties can teach you a lot. They will help you to be closer to ____18____ (successful).

Never worry about the things you can’t change. Worrying can ____19____ change the situation nor solve any problem. Perhaps, not every dream will be realized. Never mind, and take it easy.

Come on, everybody! Let’s live a happy life with a light _____20_____ and enjoy the beautiful sunshine every day.

参考答案：

1．where she had worked for ten years as an office manager

【详解】考查定语从句、动词和名词。句意：经济低迷打击了她曾担任办公室经理十年的房地产公司。分析句子结构，此句为定语从句，先行词firm在从句作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。根据汉语提示“她在那儿做了10年的办公室经理”，可知工作发生在过去之前，应用过去完成时；“工作10年”表达为she had worked for ten years，作为办公室经理as an office manager。故填where she had worked for ten years as an office manager。

2．where I bought this book

【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：我买这本书的那家书店离这儿不远。空处应为定语从句，修饰先行词bookshop，先行词在句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where 引导，结合句意买书的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所以应填where I bought this book。故答案为where I bought this book。

3．when computers actually can think

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们是否会到达计算机真正能够思考的时代？表示“电脑”要用computer的复数形式，表示泛指；表示“真的”应用副词actually；表示“会”应用情态动词can；表示“思考”应用动词think；分析句子结构和意思可知，表示“在那时电脑真的会思考”要用定语从句，修饰先行词time，在从句中做时间状语，用连词when引导。故填when computers actually can think。

4．where we can practice our spoken English

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语角是一个我们练习英语口语的活动。表示“我们”应用we；表示“可以”应用can；表示“练习口语”应用practice our spoken English，位于情态动词后面，需用动词原形；此处考查定语从句，先行词activity，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where we can practice our spoken English。

5．which/that helps us learn a language

【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：字典是能帮助我们学习语言的一种工具。此处为which或that引导定语从句修饰先行词tool；表示“帮助某人做某事”短语为help sb. do sth.；表示“学习语言”短语为 learn a language。结合is可知为一般现在时。故填which/that helps us learn a language。

6．when the family members unite

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：春节是家人团聚的日子。根据句意及汉语提示可知，表示“家庭成员”可用the family members，表示“聚到一起”可用动词unite，此处可用一个when引导的定语从句连接，即when the family members unite。故填when the family members unite。

7．whose function is powerful

【详解】考查定语从句、名词和形容词等。句意：手机是一种功能强大的机器。表示“功能强大”可用一个主系表的简单句，即function is powerful，结合前面的动词时态可知，此处用一般现在时即可；并用whose与前面的主句连接起来，变为whose function is powerful。故填whose function is powerful。

8．where/in which we wait for and board the train

【详解】考查定语从句，时态和短语。句意：站台是一个我们等车并且上车的地方。根据汉语提示并分析句子可知，空处是定语从句，修饰place，且定语从句中缺少地点状语in the place，用关系副词where/in which来引导，从句主语we，wait for“等待”，描述客观事实用一般现在时，board the train“上车”，故where/in which we wait for and board the train。

9．who makes great contributions to the family

【详解】考查从句，时态和固定短语。句意：母亲是为家庭做出很大贡献的人。此处引导定语从句修饰先行词person，从句缺少主语，指人，故用who；表示“做出很大贡献”短语为make great contributions to ，结合上文is可知为一般现在时，关系词指代先行词the person，从句总作主语，是单数，谓语动词用单数，名词family作宾语。故填who makes great contributions to the family。

10．where he stayed

【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我是在他住的旅馆里见到他的。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填定语从句，作定语修饰先行词the hotel。先行词是地点，且在从句中作状语，所以从句应用where引导。结合汉语提示“他住的”，从句主语是he，对应“他”；从句谓语是stayed，对应“住”，因为事情发生在过去，所以此处从句谓语用的是过去式。故填where he stayed。

11．worth    12．living    13．that/which    14．on    15．yourself    16．Face    17．avoid    18．success    19．neither    20．heart

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了轻松愉快的生活是最重要的。帮助别人或让别人微笑，让每一天都变得有意义，能让人从心底里感觉到幸福。

11．考查形容词。句意：事实上，没有一件事是不值得做的，也没有一件事是你做不到的。be not worth doing sth 译为：不值得做某事。故填worth。

12．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以过着一种轻松愉快的生活是最重要的。分析该句可知，该句子为“主系表”结构，需要动名词短语作主语。故填living。

13．考查定语从句。句意：那种让你想要帮助别人的感觉一直留在你的心底。　　　　　　　　　 makes you want to help others 是一个定语从句，先行词是the feeling, 指物，该定语从句中缺少主语，故填that/which。

14．考查固定搭配。句意：幸福取决于你内心的感受。depend on 为固定搭配，译为“取决于；依赖于”，故填on。

15．考查反身代词。句意：帮助别人就是帮助你自己。分析句子可知，该句是动名词短语helping others 作主语，非谓语动词helping的逻辑主语是you，该句的主语和宾语是同一人，此处应用you的反身代词作宾语，故填yourself。

16．考查祈使句。句意：在你的生活中勇敢地面对困难。该句为祈使句，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填Face。

17．考查动词。句意：没有人能够避免困难。此空处前为情态动词can，情态动词后的动词应用动词原形形式，根据汉语提示，故填avoid。

18．考查名词。句意：苦难将会帮助你接近成功。句子中be close to 译为：接近……。此处应用名词作宾语。故填success。

19．考查连词。句意：焦虑既不能够改变现状也不能解决问题。neither…nor…译为：既不……也不……，连接两个并列的成分，表示否定意义。故填neither。

20．考查固定搭配。句意：让我们怀着一种轻松的心情过着一种幸福的生活，每天都享受美丽的阳光。固定搭配a light heart 译为： 轻松的心情。故填heart。

第四步：单元核心素养对接高考

新闻报道的特点是它以事实为依据，对人的经历或事实给予明确的、实事求是的报道。基本结构通常包括四部分：

1.标题，标题应当简洁明了。

2.导语，导语应简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。

3.主体，主体应对导语的内容做进一步的展开和阐述。

4.结束语是对全文内容概括性的总结。

陈述事实常用的句型

1.A terrible storm hit/struck the south

2.It was a cool autumn night when the accident happened

陈述观点常用的句型：Clearly/Obviously/In my opinion/It seemed that…

揭示原因常用的句型：

Because of/As a result of/Thanks to the help of…

总结全文常用的句型：

In a word/To draw a conclusion/I believe…

例题：

A picture is worth a thousand words

Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city’s cultural heritage.

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei’s photos can help us remember them.

答案：

A picture is worth a thousand words

Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city’s cultural heritage.

Every day, Chen Lei takes his camera and takes photos of old buildings. When asked the reason why he does so, he usually says, “A picture is worth a thousand words, so taking photos is a good way to protect cultural relics.” Thanks to his thousands of photos, more than ten old buildings have been preserved by the government and even more people begin to protect the cultural heritage. Besides, he often interviews some old people to write stories about the old buildings. On the other hand, he visits schools and tells students about the ways of preserving the cultural heritage. What a big difference Chen Lei makes!

Neither people nor buildings last forever, but Chen Lei’s photos can help us remember them.

【分析】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道，要求考生以“A picture is worth a thousand words”为题写一篇介绍陈磊保护文化遗产的事迹的新闻报道。

【详解】1. 词汇积累

保护：preserve→protect

值得的：worth→worthy

多亏了：thanks to→owing to

有影响：make a difference→have an effect

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：Thanks to his thousands of photos, more than ten old buildings have been preserved by the government and even more people begin to protect the cultural heritage.

拓展句：He has taken thousands of photos，because of which more than ten old buildings have been preserved by the government and even more people begin to protect the cultural heritage.

【点睛】[高分句型1] Chen Lei is a senior teacher who takes photos of old buildings in Wuhan in order to preserve the city’s cultural heritage.(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] When asked the reason why he does so, he usually says, “A picture is worth a thousand words, so taking photos is a good way to protect cultural relics.” (运用了过去分词作状语)