新译林版初中英语八下Unit 5 Good manners 单元核心知识清单（背诵版 有答案）

这是一份新译林版初中英语八下Unit 5 Good manners 单元核心知识清单（背诵版 有答案），共5页。
Unit 5 Good manners单元核心知识（背诵版）一、核心词汇（黑体部分为重点词汇）manners /ˈmænəz/n. [pl.] 礼仪，礼貌litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/n. 垃圾tap /tæp/n. 水龙头wait in line 排队等候patiently /ˈpeɪʃntli/adv. 耐心地congratulation /kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃn/n. 祝贺hallway /ˈhɔːlweɪ/n. 走廊；正门过道on time 准时feel at home 舒服自在，不拘束address /əˈdres/vt. 称呼（某人）politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/n. 礼貌realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/vt. (= realise) 意识到behave /bɪˈheɪv/vi. 表现differently /ˈdɪfrəntli/adv. 不同地praise /preɪz/n. & vt. 称赞，赞美pleased /pliːzd/adj. 高兴reply /rɪˈplaɪ/vt. & vi. 回答，答复openly /ˈəʊpənli/adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地host /həʊst/n. 主人plate /pleɪt/n. 盘子，碟子refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/vi. & vt. 拒绝，回绝used to sth/doing sth 习惯于某事（物），适应某事（物）*fully /ˈfʊli/adv. 完全地，全部地，充分地all at once 一起；同时jump the line 插队loudly /ˈlaʊdli/adv. 吵闹地push /pʊʃ/vi. & vt. 挤开；推动past /pɑːst/prep. 在另一边，到另一侧in one’s way 挡道discussion /dɪˈskʌʃn/n. 讨论promise /ˈprɒmɪs/vt. & vi. 承诺，许诺keep one's word 信守诺言pear /peə(r)/n. 梨even though 尽管；即使belong /bɪˈlɒŋ/vi. 应在（某处）；适应belong to 属于respectfully /rɪˈspektfəli/adv. 尊敬地move /muːv/vt. (使) 感动，打动earphone /ˈɪəfəʊn/n. 耳机circle /ˈsɜːkl/n. 圆圈 peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/adj. 安静的，平静的impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/adj. 失礼的，粗鲁的hug /hʌɡ/n., vt. & vi. 拥抱kiss /kɪs/n., vt. & vi. 亲吻quietly /ˈkwaɪətli/adv. 安静地；平静地rush /rʌʃ/vt. & vi. 急促；仓促行事；冲unless /ənˈles/conj. 除非tasty /ˈteɪsti/adj. 美味的，可口的useful /ˈjuːsfl/adj. 有用的二、核心短语三、重点句型1.Good manners and kindness are always in fashion. 礼貌与善良永远是主流风尚。2.Don’t leave rubbish anywhere. 不要随地乱扔垃圾。3.When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。4.My Chinese friends are kind enough to make me feel at home, but I’ve noticed some interesting differences in manners. 我的中国朋友们十分友善，让我感觉宾至如归，但我也注意到了一些有趣的礼仪差异。5.The Chinese have their own way of being polite. 中国人有自己的礼貌表达方式。6.If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can’t go wrong with nin.如果你想向他人表达礼貌与尊重，用“您”准没错。7.I’ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British when it comes to praise.我还发现，在对待赞扬的态度上，中国人和英国人的表现有所不同。8.They are too modest to accept praise openly. 他们过于谦虚，不会坦然接受赞美。9.This was his way of showing how much he cared about me. 这是他表达对我关切的一种方式。10.In many countries, people are patient enough to wait in line in banks and shops.在许多国家，人们在银行和商店里都会耐心排队。11.Also, they are kind enough to hold the door for you when you go in or out of a building.而且，当你进出大楼时，他们还会热心地为你扶门。12.In public places, people are polite enough to keep their voices down. 在公共场所，人们会礼貌地放低音量。13.In many countries, people are too polite to jump the line in banks and shops.在许多国家，人们都很有礼貌，不会在银行和商店里插队。14.Also, they are too kind to push past you when you are in their way.而且，当你挡着他们的路时，他们也很友善，不会从你身边挤过去。15.In public places, people are thoughtful enough to keep quiet. 在公共场所，人们会体贴地保持安静。16.When the master woke up, he was moved to see the two students waiting in the deep snow.大师醒来后，看到两位学生站在厚厚的积雪里等候，十分感动。17. We should not speak loudly inside the museum or touch any artwork if it is not allowed.在博物馆内我们不应大声喧哗，未经允许也不得触碰任何艺术品。18.It is polite to talk about how tasty the food is. Moreover, remember it is impolite to leave the table unless everyone has finished.称赞食物美味是有礼貌的表现。此外要记住，在所有人都用餐完毕前离席是不礼貌的。19.If a friend invites you to dinner at their home, do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry.如果朋友邀请你去家里共进晚餐，除非你确实有事需要匆忙离开，否则不要狼吞虎咽地吃饭。四、核心语法一、 enough和too的用法1. 基本含义enough：表示 “足够的；足够地”，指数量或程度满足需求。too：表示 “太；过于”，指数量或程度超出可接受范围。2. 位置规则3. 常见搭配too many + 可数名词复数：太多……例：There are too many people in the hall.too much + 不可数名词：太多……例：She drinks too much coffee every day.二、 enough to 和 too…to… 结构1. be + 形容词 + enough to do sth.含义：足够…… 去做某事（表肯定，具备做某事的条件）结构：主语 + be + 形容词 + enough + to 不定式例句：She is old enough to go to school.（她年纪够大了，可以上学了）He is patient enough to listen to others.（他足够有耐心，能倾听别人说话）2. be + too + 形容词 + to do sth.含义：太…… 而不能做某事（表否定，因程度过高无法做某事）结构：主语 + be + too + 形容词 + to 不定式例句：The box is too heavy to carry.（这个箱子太重了，搬不动）He is too shy to join the discussion.（他太害羞了，不敢加入讨论）3. 补充：带逻辑主语的用法当不定式的动作执行者不是句子主语时，需加 for sb.例：The book is too difficult for me to read.（这本书太难了，我读不懂）The room is big enough for us to live in.（这个房间够大，我们可以住进去）三、 语法辨析：too…to… 与 so…that… 的转换too…to… 可转换为 so…that… + 否定句例句：原句：The tea is too hot to drink.转换：The tea is so hot that I can’t drink it.中文英文举止得体behave properly不同场合的礼仪manners in different situations扔垃圾drop litter在公园里摘花pick flowers in the park让水龙头一直开着leave the tap running遵守交通规则follow traffic rules在图书馆保持安静keep quiet in the library耐心排队等候wait in line patiently一名小学生a primary school student告诉你一些校规tell you a few school rules尊敬你的老师show respect for your teachers对某人友好be kind to sb迫不及待做某事can't wait to do sth在走廊里奔跑run in the hallways忘记去做某事forget to do sth按时回到课堂come back to class on time让我感觉宾至如归make me feel at home一直，总是all the time用某物做某事use sth to do sth有他们自己的礼貌方式have their own way of being polite在正式场合in a formal situation对他人表现出礼貌和尊重show politeness and respect for others与英国人的行为不同behave differently to the British当提到……when it comes to…坦然接受表扬accept praise openly习惯所有这些差异get used to all these differences直呼其名call people by their names姓氏family names让每个人都轮到let everyone get their turn吹食物（降温）blow on your food冷却；冷静下来cool off把盘子从桌上收走clear your plates off the table为他人留出足够的空间……make enough space for others to…为你扶门hold the door for you压低他们的声音keep their voices down从你身边挤过去push past you挡某人的路in one's way清晰地表达自己express oneself clearly把果子从树上打下来beat down the fruits from the tree在一个寒冷的冬日on a cold winter day拜访pay a visit to围坐成一圈sit in a circle留小费leave a tip与…… 相似be similar to通过握手互相问候greet each other by shaking hands用一个大大的拥抱互相问候greet one another with a big hug感谢朋友为你做晚餐thank a friend for making you dinner直到…… 才not…until匆匆吃饭rush your meal即将离开be about to leave修饰对象enough 的位置too 的位置例句形容词形容词之后形容词之前- The food is hot enough.（食物够热了）- The food is too hot.（食物太热了）副词副词之后副词之前- He runs fast enough.（他跑得够快了）- He runs too fast.（他跑得太快了）名词名词之前不直接修饰名词（需用too many/much）- We have enough time.（我们有足够的时间）- We have too much time.（我们的时间太多了）