人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land测试题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land测试题，共12页。
【教材原句】
Indeed, his slim but strng bdy is just like that f millins f Chinese farmers, t wh he has devted his life. (教材P38)
【辨析】
两者都有“贡献”的意思，但在词义上又有一些不同之处。
devte 意思是“奉献；致力；专心”的意思，常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ①sb. devte sme mney t sth./ding sth. 捐钱给….捐助……，cntribute 也有词用法，但cntribute t sth. 中，t 后面一般接名词和代词，很少接动名词。
= 2 \* GB3 ②Sb. devte neself/ne’s time/ne’s energy/ne’s life….t sth./ding sth. 奉献于….；致力于….；专心于….
= 3 \* GB3 ③Sb. be devted t sth./ding sth. 奉献于….；致力于….；专心于….；专注于（深爱着）…
devted为形容词，表示“忠实的，忠诚的”。
cntribute 意思是“捐献，捐助，捐赠，促进，导致，有助于；投稿”。常构成以下结构：
= 1 \* GB3 ① cntribute sme mney/smething t sth. 向…..捐款/捐物
= 2 \* GB3 ② cntribute t sth. 有助于….；导致….；促进….；向….投稿
温馨提示：devte 没有“促进，导致，有助于”的意思。
【例句呈现】
Our experience suggests investrs want t devte mre mney t making the wrld better.
我们过往的经验表明，投资者是希望拿出更多的钱，让世界变得更美好的。
He devted his energies t the refrmatin f science.
他致力于科学的革新。
Mther Teresa is an elderly nun wh has devted her life t fighting pverty
德肋撒嬷嬷是一位毕生致力于消除贫困事业的年迈修女。
He devted a gd deal f attentin t the prblem.
他在这个问题上花了相当多的精力。
I culd nly devte tw hurs a day t the wrk.
我一天只能在这个工作上花两个小时。
The final term will be devted t prject wrk.
最后一学期的时间将全部用于专题研究。
Immigrants have cntributed t British culture in many ways.
移民在许多方面都对英国文化有所贡献。
I believe that each f us can cntribute t the future f the wrld
我相信我们每一个人都能够对世界的未来有所贡献。
The research shwed beynd dubt that smking cntributes t heart disease.
这项研究确实表明吸烟会导致心脏疾病。
The three sns als cntribute t the family business
这3个儿子也为家族事业做出了贡献。
I am sure that this meeting will cntribute t the reinfrcement f peace and security all ver the wrld
我相信这次会议将会促进世界范围内的和平与安全。
The US is cntributing $ 4 billin in lans, credits and grants
美国将提供40亿美元的信贷和赠款。
【考点过关】
根据devte和cntribute的用法填空
1. This bk _______ little t ur understanding f the subject.
2. At the same time, the gvernment shuld pay much mre attentin t scientific research and _______ mre mney t scientific research expenditure.
3. We _______ £ 5 000 t the earthquake fund last week.
4. The riginal intentin was t _______ three mnths t the prject.
5. She ________ a number f articles t the magazine last year.
6. His later years ________ largely t charitable wrk.
7. S far this _________ t the lack f cnfidence in the plice
8. He's been acting as a ________ husband all day.
9. They thught carelessness _______ t the deaths f up t 20 peple
10. They _______ t lking after their children at present.
11. They say gas guzzlers ________ t air pllutin nw.
12. Yuan Lng Ping ________ himself t his career.
13. The reprt says design faults in bth the vessels ________ t the tragedy at that time.
14. He decided t ________ the rest f his life t scientific investigatin.
【参考答案】
1. cntributes/cntributed; 2. devte/cntribute; 3. cntributed/devted; 4. devte; 5. cntributed; 6. were devted; 7. has cntributed; 8. devted; 9. cntributed/had cntributed; 10. are devted; 11. are cntributing; 12. devted; 13. cntributed; 14. devte
●be knwn as…; be knwn fr…; be knwn t….
【教材原句】
Yuan Lngping, knwn as the “father f hybrid rice”, is ne f China’s mst famus scientists. (教材P50)
【辨析】
be knwn/well-knwn fr…. = be famus fr…. 表示“因为…而出名/著名”，后接出名的原因。
be knwn/well-knwn as….. = be famus as….. 表示“作为…..而出名/著名”，后面常接表示职业或身份的名词。
be knwn/well-knwn t….. = be famus t….. 表示“为…..所知；对…..来说是出名/著名的”，后接人、团体或地域的名词。
【例句呈现】
Yu want t be knwn fr yur wrk, nt yur rumr radar.
你应该以你的工作表现而为人熟知，而不是以你的八卦能力。
Kbe has always been knwn fr being an extreme cmpetitr.
科比一直以一种对于胜利近乎偏执的渴求而闻名。
China is knwn fr tea and pandas.
中国因为茶叶和熊猫而为世人所知。
Mary was knwn as a pet.
玛丽作为诗人而知名。
They retreat alng an ancient Native American path that will later be knwn as Bradway.
他们沿着一条原住民的小道撤退，这条小道便是日后的百老汇大道
Jn Snw, the King in the Nrth, will be knwn as the White Wlf.
北境之王琼恩•雪诺会被称为“白狼主”。
The news will be knwn t everybdy in the curse f time.
过一段时间人人都会知道消息的。
D yu want t be knwn t many peple and admired by them?
你追求声誉吗？你希望许多人都知道你赞赏你吗？
He hpes t be knwn t all peples.
他希望我为所有人熟知。
The sng is knwn t many yung peple.
这首歌为许多年轻人熟知。
【考点过关】
根据be knwn fr…..; be knwn as… 和 be knwn t….用法填空
1. The plicy will be knwn ______ all the peple.
2. The British are knwn _______ laughing at themselves.
3. Having been wrking with yu fr such a lng time, my name shall be knwn _____ each f yu.
4. The cuntry is knwn _______ sending rckets up t space quickly.
5. New Yrk may be knwn _______ its skyscrapers.
6. Edisn was knwn _______ an inventr in the wrld.
7. He wuld be knwn ________ the game.
8. She wants t be knwn ________ a mvie star.
9. Nw it will be knwn _________ hlding the2008 Olympic Games.
10. The peple(民族) is always knwn ________ lngstanding traditinal service and hspitality.
【参考答案】
1. t; 2. fr; 3. t; 4. fr; 5. fr; 6. as; 7. fr; 8. as; 9. fr; 10. fr
●realize; cme true
【教材原句】
Yuan Lngping realized that larger fields were nt the slutin. (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者都有“实现”的意思，但用法有区别。
cme true 是系表结构, 无被动语态, 句型结构为：sth. cme(s) true，这里的cme 为系动词，表示“变成”的意思。
realize vt. 意思是 = 1 \* GB3 ①“实现， 使…..成为现实” = 2 \* GB3 ②“认识到，意识到”（通常不用于进行时态）。
【例句呈现】
These predictins will cme true if technlgy cntinues t develp.
如果科技不断发展，这些预言将会成真。
His dream will cme true sner r later.
他的理想迟早会实现。
Her wish t becme a dctr has cme true.
她想当医生的愿望实现了。
All ur dreams can cme true if we have the curage t pursue them.
只要有勇气去追求，一切梦想皆可成真。
Peple think all they need t d is endure ne crazy, intense, jb-free creative burst and their dreams will cme true.
人们认为他们所需要做的事是忍耐一个疯狂，强烈的，无责任的创意突发而他们的梦想将成真。
My dream f getting int Beijing university has cme true.
去北京大学读书让我的梦想成真。
The mment I saw her, I realized smething was wrng.
我一看到她，就觉得不太对劲。
I dn't think yu realize hw imprtant this is t her.
我认为你没有意识到这对她是多么重要。
The situatin was mre cmplicated than they had at first realized.
形势比他们最初意识到的更为复杂。
They managed t leave withut any f us realizing.
我们谁也没注意，他们悄悄走了。
Only later did she realize her mistake.
只是到了后来她才意识到自己的错误。
Thse are ur hpes; we are starting this clinical trial t investigate whether thse hpes will be realized.
那些就是我们的希望；我们正在开展这些临床试验以调查那些希望是否可以实现。
Varius textile techniques will be explred t realize design pssibilities.
将尝试和探索纺织技巧来把这些设计变为现实。
D yu realize the imprtance f this questin?
你意识到这个问题的重要性吗 ?
Only then did he realize that he had been wrng.
直到这时他才知道他错了.
【考点过关】
用cme true或realize 的适当形式填空
1. The jbless can nly hpe that such predictins will ______.
2. Every minute yu are making all yur dreams ______!
3. What dreams wuld yu like t see ________?
4. Did Tm’s predictins abut the gulf ecsystem _______?
5. As sn as we _______ smething was wrng, we mved the children away.
6. Peple dn't _______ hw serius this recessin has actually been.
7. There was a cheer when it ________ that everyne was safely back.
8. She _________ her ambitin f becming a prfessinal singer at last.
9. It takes patience fr humans t ______ their dreams
10. It cannt ________ withut technlgical innvatin.
【参考答案】
1. cme true/be realized; 2. cme true/realized; 3. cme true/realized; 4. cme true; 5. realized; 6. realize; 7. came true/was realized; 8. realized; 9. realize; 10. cme true/realize
●debate; argue; discuss; quarrel
【教材原句】
Hwever, whether it was pssible t develp a hybrid f self-pllinating plans such ice was a matter f great debate. (教材P50)
【辨析】
四个词都有 “辩论，争论，说理”之意。但各有侧重。
debate 往往侧重指意见等对立的双方之间正式或公开的争辩, 既可以作名词也可以作动词。
argue 表示提出理由或证据为自己或自己一方的看法或立场辩护，着重说理、论证和企图说服。
discuss 表示就某一或某些问题表明观点、看法等，以便统一认识，解决问题，最常用词。
quarrel 表示两人之间或两个团体之间不友好的、大声争论某事，重点是“吵嘴、吵架”， 既可以作名词也可以作动词。
【例句呈现】
His cmments are bund t add fuel t the debate.
他的话必将为争论推波助澜。
A full-scale debate is under way n what ails the industry.
关于工业为何陷入困境正在展开一场全面的讨论。
The senatr argued with the President abut the new tax bill.
参议员和新总统为新税法案争辩了。
One culd argue that smking, by its very nature, is addictive.
有人可能认为抽烟从本质上说就具有成瘾性。
They argue that nly private capitalists can remake Pland's ecnmy.
他们认为，只有私人资本家才能重振波兰经济。
The Plitbur has been meeting in Peking t discuss the situatin.
政治局已在北京召开会议讨论形势。
Senir pliticians met tday t discuss the future f Eurpean ecnmic unity.
高级政要今天会晤，探讨欧洲经济一体化的未来。
The magazine's aim is t discuss tpical issues within a Christian framewrk.
该杂志的宗旨是在基督教框架下讨论时下的热门话题。
They culd quarrel quite legitimately with sme f my chices.
他们大有理由不同意我的一些选择。
The mnarchists are a small fringe grup wh quarrel fiercely amng themselves.
君主主义者是一个内部争吵激烈的非主流的小团体。
【考点过关】
翻译下列句子
1. 这个医生论述了治疗癌症的不同方法。
2. 针对他是否能胜任最高职务展开了争论。
3. 这件事可能是在他们为娜奥米争吵的过程中发生的。
4. 有一些人认为真正独立的意见是不存在的。
【参考答案】
1. The dctr discussed different appraches t the treatment f cancer.
2. There is a debate abut/ver his fitness fr the highest ffice.
3. It culd have happened during a quarrel between them abut/ver Nami.
4. There are thse wh argue that true independent advice is unattainable.
●depend n/upn; rely n/upn
【教材原句】
Yuan’s innvatin has helped feed nt just China, but many ther cuntries that depend n rice as well, such as India and Vietnam. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都是“依靠，依赖”的意思，但用法上某些时候有区别。
depend 表示“依靠，依赖，信赖”， 常构成词组depend n/upn，表
示“指望，取决于，由……决定”。在交际用语中，要表示“那得看情况或视情况而定”时，一般只用depend, 不用rely, 即It/ That (all) depends.那得看情况。
rely 常构成词组rely n/upn，表示“取决于，由…决定”。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①depend n/upn sb./sth. t d sth. = rely n/upn sb./sth t d sth.
依赖/依靠/指望….做某事
= 2 \* GB3 ②depend n/upn sb./sth. ding sth. = rely n/upn sb./sth ding sth.
依赖/依靠/指望….做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③depend n/upn…. fr….= rely n/upn…. fr….
依靠….来….
【例句呈现】
We depend n energy t d many things in ur daily lives.
在日常生活中，我们做很多事都离不开能源。
If ur parents d everything fr us children, we wn’t learn t depend n urselves.
如果父母替我们这些孩子做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。
We depend n him finishing the jb this weekend.
我们指望他这个周末能完成工作。
Depend upn it. We shall slve the prblem at last.
请相信，我们最终会解决这个问题。
Yu can depend n Jane - she always keeps her prmises.
你可以信赖简，她总是信守诺言。
The future f space research depends n hw much mney we have.
太空研究的未来取决于我们的经济实力。
The jurney takes abut tw hurs, depending n traffic.
旅途大约需要两小时，这取决于交通状况
-- Hw lng are yu staying? 你会待多久?
-- I dn't nw. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况，
I rely n yu fr gd advice.
我靠你来给我好建议。
The wise will nt rely n medicine fr keeping their health.
明智的人不依赖药物来保持健康。
These days, we rely heavily n cmputers t rganize ur wrk.
现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排工作。
Yu may rely n him cming n time.
你放心，他肯定会按时来的。
【考点过关】
用depend或rely 填空
1. -- What are yu ging t d this weekend?
-- It ______. If time permits, I may g t Shanghai with my friends.
2. Dn't always ask thers t help yu. Yu shuld learn t _______ n yurself
3. All living things ________ n the sun fr their grwth.
4. Did yu still ________ n yur parents?
5. Everything _______ n the weather tmrrw.
6. Children _______ n their parents fr fd and clthing.
7. It all _____ n whether she likes the bss r nt.
8. His success ______ chiefly n himself．
9. Whether the game will be played ______ n the weather．
10. The develpment f things ______ fundamentally n internal causes．
11. He can _______ n my supprt when the crunch cmes
12. It wuld be rash t ________ n such evidence
13. Bth methds ______ n the accurate determinatin f the pressure f the gas.
14. Yu can't ______ n any figures yu get frm them.
15. Lins ______ n stealth when hunting.
16. Can I _______ n yur supprt in the electin?
17. Yu can _________ n him t respnd t a challenge.
18. Many animals ________ n cncealment fr prtectin.
19. This is cnfidential, but I knw that I can ________ n yur discretin.
20. Can I _______ n yu t keep this secret?
【参考答案】
1. depends; 2. depend/rely; 3. depend/rely; 4. depend/rely; 5. depends/relies; 6. depend/rely; 7. depends/relies; 8. depends/relies; 9. depends/relies;10. depends/relies; 11. rely/depend; 12. rely/depend; 13. rely/depend; 14. rely/depend; 15. rely/depend; 16. rely/depend; 17. rely/depend; 18. rely/depend; 19. rely/depend; 20. rely/depend
●damage, destry, ruin
【教材原句】
Fr example, pesticides can damage the land by killing nt nly harmful bacteria and insects, but als helpful nes. (教材P55)
The gal f using different rganic farming methds is t grw gd fd while aviding damage t the envirnment r t peple’s health. (教材P55)
【辨析】
三者都有“破坏；损坏”的意思，但有一定区别。
destry 常指“毁灭性地破坏，摧毁；消灭；毁灭” 具体的事物或抽象的事物，程度极其严重，无法修复。另外，它既可表示毁坏具体的物品，也可表示毁坏抽指打破(希望, 计划等)。
ruin泛指一般性的破坏，多用于借喻之中，指把某物损坏到了不能再使用的程度。使破产，破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，现多用于比喻用法中，在真正具体地摧毁或破坏某座建筑物时，通常不用 ruin，可做动词和名词。常构成以下机构：
bring sb. t ruin 使某人失败; 使倾家荡产
bring ruin upn neself 自取灭亡
g/cme/ fall t ruin毁灭, 灭亡; 崩溃; 破坏掉
ruin neself毁掉自己
in ruins成为废墟，遭到严重破坏
damage意为“损坏、破坏”。常表示损坏或破坏具体的事物，也可以指损坏抽象的东西，含有损坏后价值或效益降低的意味，破坏或损坏程度不太严重，以修复再用，还可用作可数或不可数名词，常构成以下结构：
d damage t….. 损害…., 破坏….
cause damage t…..损害…., 破坏…..
【例句呈现】
Smking will damage yur health.
抽烟会损害你的健康。
The earthquake did a lt f damages t the city．
这场地震给这座城市带来了巨大的破坏。
What they said and did damage the relatins between the tw cuntries．
他们的言行损害了这两个国家之间的关系。
The Nazi wanted t destry/ruined peple's hpes, but in the end what was destryed was the Nazi's dream by the pwer f peple．
纳粹想摧毁人民的希望，最终是纳粹的梦想被人民的力量所摧毁。
The earthquake destryed the village，s the lcal gvernment decided t select anther place t build a new ne .
地震彻底摧毁了这个村庄, 因此当地政府决定选另一个地方建设一个新村子。
The heavy sandstrm destryed/ruined their plan t seek fr water in the desert.
一场非同一般的沙尘暴破坏了他们去沙漠里找水的计划。
All my hpes were destryed/ruined by his letter f refusal.
他回信拒绝，使我的希望完全破灭。
My new cat is ruined．
我的外套不能再穿了。
The strm ruined the crps.
暴风雨毁坏了庄稼
She pured water all ver my painting, and ruined it.
她把水全倒在了我的画上，把画毁了。
【考点过关】
用destry, damage和ruin的适当形式填空
1. The terrible hurricane ________ the whle twn cmpletely last week.
2. He _______ his future by carelessness.
3. The fire _______ all my bks.
4. He kncked ver a bttle f ink and ______ the table clth.
5. The whle city was in ________ after the earthquake.
6. Badly ______ in the accident, but the car can be repaired and reused.
7. The heavy rain _______ all hpe f a picnic.
8. The fire _______ the building, and the gvernment had t rebuild it.
9. These yung peple _______ themselves due t nt listening t advice.
10. The fld caused ________ t the cuntry.
【参考答案】
1. destryed; 2. ruined/destryed; 3. destryed; 4. ruined; 5. ruins; 6. damaged; 7. destryed/ruined; 8. destryed; 9. ruined; 10. damage