高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land优秀练习题

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基础巩固
一、单句语法填空
1． breaks the law will sner r later be caught and punished.
2． this jb demands mst is perseverance and patience.
3． makes Christpher Reeve admirable is his psitive attitude and his devted spirit.
4．When Gd clses a dr, he pens a windw, and this girl believes she encunters all the way is an impressive gift.
5．It is uncertain team will win in the final cntest.
6． makes the parade mst exciting is the lin and dragn dance, representing the spirit f strength.
7． (chemistry) weapns are banned internatinally.
8． Yuan Lngping had realized his dream f seawater rice surprised the whle wrld.
9． impressed me mst were the amazing waterfalls in Jiuzhaigu.
10． I’m cncerned abut mst is hw we can cllect a huge amunt f mney in such a shrt time.
二、根据汉语提示单词拼写
11．The prblem faced by (名人) has a lng histry.
12．Every cuntry has their wn distinct way f preparing meals with a special lcal (味道，特色).
13．The gvernment is spending billins f dllars n new (城市的) rail prjects.
14．A (炸弹) burst a few meters away frm where we std.
15．I’m thinking f getting an (分机) in the bedrm.
三、根据首字母提示单词拼写
16．Are there any suggestins abut hw t t this difficult prblem?
17．Effective cmmunicatin is e t teamwrk, as it enables team members t share ideas and infrmatin.
18．The artist has d all his life t art.
19．When it cmes t keeping healthy, playing sprts enjys w ppularity amng peple.
20．Our class is c f 30 bys and 25 girls，all f whm demnstrate respect t teachers.
四、完成句子
21． , which prvides the efficient prf that China is cmmitting its effrts t reducing carbn emissin and sustainable develpment.
最吸引人的是新能源汽车的发展，这有效地证明了中国正在努力减少碳排放和可持续发展。
22．那个孩子想要的只是一个新书包。
was just a new schlbag.
23．很明显，保护濒危动物是一项紧迫的任务。（it）
prtecting endangered animals is an urgent task.
24．门咔嚓一声锁上时，他突然想到自己把钥匙忘在了里面。
he had left his keys inside just as the dr clicked shut.
25．到目前为止，我最欣赏的是它的建筑。
I think mst s far is the architecture.
五、翻译
26．deal with
27．take n
28．cmmit neself t...
29．a variety f
30．make use f
31． 下定决心
32． 努力；尽力
33． 放弃
34． 注意
35． 达到（某数量、程度等）；直到
六、七选五
“Father f hybrid rice” Yuan Lngping passed away at 13: 07 pm in Changsha f Hunan prvince, 36 .
37 . The glbally renwn agrnmist (农学家) knwn fr develping the first hybrid rice strains, was brn n the ninth day f the seventh mnth in 1930, accrding t the lunar calendar. 38 --feeding nearly ne-fifth f the wrld’s ppulatin with less than 9 percent f the wrld’s ttal land. In 1949, Yuan applied fr Suthwest Agricultural Cllege and began his special cnnectin with rice--a staple fd f the Chinese peple that wuld becme the fcus f his lifelng research career.
A discvery f a peculiar wild rice species by Yuan in the suthern island f Hainan in 1970 became the prelude (序曲) f China’s decades f hybrid rice research. Three years later, he cultivated the wrld’s first high- yielding hybrid rice train with three lines, namely, the male sterile, maintainer and restrer.
39 Hybrid rice recrded an annual yield abut 20 percent higher than that f cnventinal rice strains--meaning it culd feed an extra 70 millin peple a year.
40 In September 2017, a strain f lw-cadmium indica (籼稻；籼型) rice develped by Yuan’s team and the Hunan prvincial academy f agricultural sciences was able t reduce the average amunt f cadmium (镉) in rice by mre than 90 percent in areas suffering frm heavy metal pllutin.
A．Yuan was underging treatment at a hspital, Yuan’s sn Yuan Ding’an, and Yuan’s secretary Yang Yasng cnfirmed.
B．it is said byYuan’s sn Yuan Ding’an.
C．He has helped China wrk a great wnder.
D．Nw the fcus f Yuan’s hybrid rice prject has changed frm increasing utput t green and sustainable develpment.
E．Yuan’s hybrid rice prject aimed t create the best f it.
F．Hybrid rice has since been grwn acrss the Cuntry and farmers reaped incredible utput after switching t Yuan’s hybrid varieties.
G．Xinhua reprted n Saturday.
1．whever
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁违法迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。分析句式结构可知此处是主语从句，且主语从句中缺少主语，再分析句意可知，用连接代词whever引导主语从句表示“无论谁”，符合语境。故填whever。
2．What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这份工作最需要的是毅力和耐心。分析句子结构可知，本空引导主语从句，从句缺少 demands的宾语，应用what引导，位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
3．What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：克里斯托弗·里夫令人钦佩的是他积极的态度和奉献的精神。分析句子可知，“_____makes Christpher Reeve admirable”为主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。
4．what
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：当上帝关上一扇门时，他就打开了一扇窗，这个女孩相信她一路走来所遇到的事情是一份令人印象深刻的礼物。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，从句中缺宾语，意为“……的事情”，应用连接代词what。故填what。
5．which
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：谁能在决赛中获胜还很难说。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少team的定语，表示“哪一个”应用which。故填which。
6．What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：游行中最令人兴奋的是舞狮和舞龙，它们代表着力量的精神。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what引导主语从句，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
7．Chemical
【详解】考查形容词。句意：国际上禁止使用化学武器。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，chemistry的形容词形式是chemical，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Chemical。
8．That
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：袁隆平实现了他的海大米梦，震惊了全世界。引导主语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that，首字母大写。故填That。
9．What
【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：给我留下最深印象的是九寨沟的令人惊叹的瀑布。该空需要一个连接词引导主语从句，并指代事物在从句中作主语，应填what，位于句首注意首字母大写。故填What。
10．What
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我担心的是我们如何在这么短的时间里筹集到一大笔钱。设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少介词abut的宾语，指代“担心的事情”，应用连接代词what来引导该主语从句。根据句意，故填What。
11．celebrities
【详解】考查名词。句意：名人面临的问题由来已久。根据汉语提示可知，名词celebrity符合句意，为可数名词，前无冠词此处应用复数形式celebrities。故填celebrities。
12．flavur/flavr
【详解】考查名词。句意：每个国家都有自己独特的烹饪方式，带有独特的地方风味。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，表示“味道”用flavur/flavr，冠词a提示用该名词的单数形式。故填flavur/flavr。
13．urban
【详解】考查形容词。句意：政府在新的城市铁路项目上投入了数十亿美元。根据句意和汉语提示应填urban“城市的”作定语，故填urban。
14．bmb
【详解】考查名词。句意：一枚炸弹在离我们站的地方几米远的地方爆炸了。根据汉语提示可知，bmb“炸弹”，可数名词，由A可知应用单数形式，在句中作主语，故填bmb。
15．extensin
【详解】考查名词。句意：我在考虑在卧室安一个电话分机。冠词后用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“分机”extensin。故填extensin。
16．tackle/ackle
【详解】考查动词。句意：有没有关于如何解决这个难题的建议？分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入一个动词，与hw t构成短语，表示解决难题的方法。根据首字母“t”的提示，可以推断出这个动词是tackle，意为处理、解决。故填tackle。
17．essential/ssential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有效的沟通对团队合作至关重要，因为它使团队成员能够分享想法和信息。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意和所给首字母，应是essential意为“极其重要的”符合语境。故填essential。
18．devted/evted
【详解】考查动词。句意：这位艺术家把他的一生都献给了艺术。根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“致力于”为动词devte，由句意和has可知，此处应用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时，故填devted。
19．widespread/idespread
【详解】考查形容词。句意：说到保持健康，运动在人们中受到普遍欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处使用形容词作定语，结合句意及首字母可知，此处使用widespread“广泛的，普遍的”复合句意，故填widespread。
20．mprised/cmprised
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们班有30个男生和25个女生，他们都很尊敬老师。主语Our class，跟动词cmprise之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态be dne，故填mprised或者cmprised。
21．What attracts peple mst is the develpment f new energy vehicle
【详解】考查时态，从句和名词。由下文的prvides和句意可知，从句用一般现在时，主语是what，“最吸引人的是”可以用what引导的名词性从句作主语，翻译为What attracts peple mst；主语从句作主语谓语动词用单数，“是”用is；“新能源汽车的发展”翻译为the develpment f new energy vehicle，名词短语作表语。故填What attracts peple mst is the develpment f new energy vehicle。
22．What the kid wanted
【详解】考查主语从句。分析句意可知，本句的时态为一般过去时。表示“那个孩子”可用短语the kid；表示“想要”可用want，且用动词的过去式形式；分析句式结构，此处用连接代词what来引导主语从句，what在从句中作宾语。故答案为What the kid wanted。
23． It is apparent/bvius that
【详解】考查固定句型。此句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，该句应为固定句型It is apparent/bvius that…“很明显……”，满足句意要求，it作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正主语。故填It；is；apparent/bvius；that。
24．It suddenly ccurred t him that
【详解】考查时态、it做形式主语和主语从句。“某人突然想起……”为“It suddenly ccurs t sb that... ”,it做形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。根据“ he had left his keys in the ffice.”可知，为一般过去时。故填It suddenly ccurred t him that。
25．what I have admired
【详解】考查主语从句。分析句意，此处为主语从句作主语，表示“我”为I作主语，表示“欣赏”应为admire作谓语，根据时间状语s far可知，该句为现在完成时，且与主语为主动关系，所以谓语动词为have admired，该从句中缺少宾语，指代事物，所以使用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填what I have admired。
26．解决；处理；应付 27．聘用；决定做；呈现 28．承诺／保证做某事 29．各种各样的 30．使用；利用 31．make up ne's mind 32．try ne's best 33．give up 34．pay attentin t 35．up t
【解析】26．考查英译汉。短语deal with表示“解决；处理；应付”，故填：解决；处理；应付。
27．考查英译汉。短语take n表示“聘用；决定做；呈现”，故填：聘用；决定做；呈现。
28．考查英译汉。短语cmmit neself t...表示“承诺／保证做某事”，故填：承诺／保证做某事。
29．考查英译汉。短语a variety f表示“各种各样的”，故填：各种各样的。
30．考查英译汉。短语make use f表示“使用；利用”，故填：使用；利用。
31．考查汉译英。表示“下定决心”短语为make up ne's mind，故填make up ne's mind。
32．考查汉译英。表示“努力；尽力”短语为try ne's best，故填try ne's best。
33．考查汉译英。表示“放弃”短语为give up，故填give up。
34．考查汉译英。表示“注意”短语为pay attentin t，故填pay attentin t。
35．考查汉译英。表示“达到（某数量、程度等）；直到”短语为up t，故填up t。
36．G 37．A 38．C 39．F 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平和贡献。
36．根据空前““Father f hybrid rice” Yuan Lngping passed away at 13: 07 pm in Changsha f Hunan prvince,(“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平于下午13点07分在湖南省长沙市逝世，)”可知，这是一则报道的导语。选项G“Xinhua reprted n Saturday.(新华社周六报道。)”符合语境。故选G。
37．根据上文内容““Father f hybrid rice” Yuan Lngping passed away at 13: 07 pm in Changsha f Hunan prvince(“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平于下午13点07分在湖南省长沙市逝世，)”可知，新华社报道了袁隆平的去世。选项A“Yuan was underging treatment at a hspital, Yuan’s sn Yuan Ding’an,and Yuan’s secretary Yang Yasng cnfirmed.(袁的儿子袁定安和袁的秘书杨耀松之前证实，袁正在医院接受治疗。)”与上文内容一致，袁隆平之前一直在医院接受治疗。故选A。
38．根据下文内容“--feeding nearly ne-fifth f the wrld’s ppulatin with less than 9 percent f the wrld's ttal land. ( 用不到世界总土地的9%养活世界近五分之一的人口。)”可知，袁隆平创造了一个奇迹。选项C“He has helped China wrk a great wnder(他帮助中国创造了一个伟大的奇迹)”与下文内容一致，指的是袁隆平用不到世界总土地的9%养活世界近五分之一的人口，帮助中国创造了一个奇迹。故选C。
39．根据空后内容“Hybrid rice recrded an annual yield abut 20 percent higher than that f cnventinal rice strains--meaning it culd feed an extra 70 millin peple a year.(杂交水稻的年产量比传统水稻高出20%，这意味着它每年可以多养活7000万人。)”可知，杂交水稻的年产量比传统水稻高很多。选项F“Hybrid rice has since been grwn acrss the Cuntry and farmers reaped incredible utput after switching t Yuan's hybrid varieties.(自那以后，杂交水稻在全国各地种植，农民们改用袁的杂交品种后收获了令人难以置信的产量。)”与下文内容一致，指的是袁新培育后的杂交水稻收获了高产量。故选F。
40．根据下文内容“In September 2017, a strain f lw-cadmium indica (籼稻；籼型)rice develped by Yuan’s team and the Hunan prvincial academy f agricultural sciences was able t reduce the average amunt f cadmium (镉)in rice by mre than 90 percent in areas suffering frm heavy metal pllutin. (2017年9月，袁隆平团队和湖南省农业科学院开发的一种低镉籼稻，能够在遭受重金属污染的地区将大米中的镉平均含量降低90%以上。)”可知，袁隆平团队开发了一种更健康的低镉籼稻。选项D“Nw the fcus f Yuan’s hybrid rice prject has changed frm increasing utput t green and sustainable develpment.(现在袁的杂交水稻项目的重点已经从增产转向绿色和可持续发展。)”与下文内容保持一致，指的都是袁的杂交水稻项目转向绿色和可持续发展。故选D。
能力提升
一、完形填空
Thrughut histry, female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the wrld. But while their 1 have been remarkable, their names and their stries have 2 received a lt f attentin. Physicist Jess Wade wanted t 3 the stries f great scientific pineers wh may be ignred and she 4 a unique way t d that: writing Wikipedia pages.
Wade tld CBS News that while the 5 f wmen in science is small in cmparisn t that f men, she has always had 6 in the field. When she was a graduate student, Wade 7 an inspiring wman in science, Kim Cbb, wh is a climate scientist at Brwn University.
“S when I met her I thught she is a(n) 8 persn and I need t learn mre abut her. When I did a little search, I culdn’t 9 any infrmatin abut her. What I 10 was a Wikipedia page but it wasn’t there.”
That’s hw Wade gt the 11 —t start writing Wikipedia pages fr diverse peple in science wh dn’t yet have them.
In her free time, Wade searches the Internet t 12 infrmatin, and then she gets t wrk writing Wikipedia pages. She’s written mre than 1,700 s far.
Wade is nw making a 13 fr herself in science and she knws she wuldn’t be here withut thse wh came befre her. “We all have a rle t 14 in making science a mre diverse and 15 place,” she said.
1．A．achievementsB．ptentialsC．ambitinsD．demands
2．A．naturallyB．regularlyC．permanentlyD．hardly
3．A．readB．chseC．shareD．appreciate
4．A．thught little fB．passed dwnC．came up withD．left ut
5．A．galB．prgressC．respnsibilityD．number
6．A．cnceptsB．mdelsC．rulesD．fllwers
7．A．referred tB．turned dwnC．came acrssD．tk in
8．A．patientB．rdinaryC．seriusD．amazing
9．A．rememberB．identifyC．fferD．find
10．A．wantedB．acceptedC．recmmendedD．acknwledged
11．A．helpB．ideaC．beliefD．rder
12．A．cllectB．pstC．manageD．crrect
13．A．suggestinB．willC．nameD．request
14．A．playB．makeC．selectD．decide
15．A．saferB．fairerC．quieterD．wider
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了科学家Jess Wade为一些被忽视的科学人士撰写维基百科页面的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管他们取得了非凡的成就，他们的名字和故事却很少受到关注。A. achievements成就；B. ptentials潜能；C. ambitins野心，抱负；D. demands要求。根据前文“female scientists, engineers and mathematicians have changed the wrld”及“have been remarkable”可知，科学家、工程师和数学家改变了世界，取得了非凡的成就。故选A项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管他们取得了非凡的成就，他们的名字和故事却很少受到关注。A. naturally通常；B. regularly有规律地；C. permanently永久地；D. hardly几乎不。根据下文“great scientific pineers wh may be ignred”及前文“But”可知，尽管这些人取得了非凡的成就，但是很少有人关注他们的故事。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：物理学家杰斯·韦德想要分享那些可能被忽视的伟大科学先驱的故事，她想出了一个独特的方法：写维基百科页面。A. read读；B. chse选择；C. share分享；D. appreciate感激，欣赏。根据下文“writing Wikipedia pages”可知，Jess想要写维基百科来分享这些被忽视的科学先驱的故事。故选C项。
4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：物理学家杰斯·韦德想要分享那些可能被忽视的伟大科学先驱的故事，她想出了一个独特的方法：写维基百科页面。A. thught little f看不起，轻视；B. passed dwn传递；C. came up with想出；D. left ut省略。根据“she___4___a unique way t d that: writing Wikipedia pages.”可知，Jess想出了一个独特的让大家了解他们的方法。故选C项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，虽然女性在科学领域的数量比男性少，但她在这个领域一直有榜样。A. gal目标；B. prgress进步；C. respnsibility责任；D. number数字。根据“is small in cmparisn t that f men”并结合常识可知，女性在科学领域的数量少于男性。故选D项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，虽然女性在科学领域的数量比男性少，但她在这个领域一直有榜样。A. cncepts概念；B. mdels模范，榜样；C. rules规则；D. fllwers追随者。根据后文“Wade___7___an inspiring wman in science, Kim Cbb”可知，Kim Cbb是Jess的榜样，是她视作模范的一个女科学家。故选B项。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当韦德还是研究生的时候，她遇到了一位鼓舞人心的科学女性，布朗大学的气候科学家金·科布。A. referred t参考，表明；B. turned dwn拒绝；C. came acrss遇见；D. tk in吸收。根据下文“when I met her”可知，Jess研究生时遇到了Kim Cbb。故选C项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当我见到她的时候，我觉得她是一个了不起的人，我需要更多地了解她。A. patient有耐心的；B. rdinary普通的；C. serius严肃的；D. amazing令人惊叹的。根据“I need t learn mre abut her”及“When I did a little search”可知，作者遇到Kim Cbb时，觉得她了不起，所以对她进行了一点调查研究。故选D项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我做了一些搜索，我找不到任何关于她的信息。A. remember记得；B. identify识别；C. ffer提供；D. find找到。根据下文“What I___10___was a Wikipedia page but it wasn’t there.”及“I culdn’t___9___any infrmatin abut her.”可知，作者找不到Kim Cbb的信息。故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要的是一个维基百科页面，但那里没有。A. wanted想要；B. accepted接受；C. recmmended推荐；D. acknwledged认可。根据下文“t start writing Wikipedia pages fr diverse peple in science wh dn’t yet have them.”可知，作者想要找到关于Kim Cbb的信息，但是没有找到，所以才想到自己为她写信息。故选A项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是韦德产生这个想法的原因——开始为尚未拥有维基百科的不同科学人士编写维基百科页面。A. help帮助；B. idea想法；C. belief信念；D. rder命令，秩序。根据“t start writing Wikipedia pages fr diverse peple in science wh dn’t yet have them.”可知，在维基百科上为不同的科学人士写页面这是Jess的想法。故选B项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的空闲时间，韦德搜索互联网收集信息，然后她开始写维基百科页面。A. cllect收集；B. pst发布，邮寄；C. manage管理，设法；D. crrect更正。根据“searches the Internet”可知，搜索信息是为了收集信息。故选A项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：韦德现在在科学界有了自己的名声，她知道如果没有那些前辈，她就不会有今天。A. suggestin建议；B. will意志，心愿；C. name名声；D. request要求。根据“she knws she wuldn’t be here withut thse wh came befre her.”可知，先锋的启发和激励让Jess自己也成为了获得名声的科学人士。故选C项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们都有责任使科学成为一个更加多样化和公平的地方。”A. play扮演；B. make制作，成为；C. select挑选；D. decide决定。根据“have a rle t”可知，play a rle为固定短语，意思为：扮演一个角色。故选A项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我们都有责任使科学成为一个更加多样化和公平的地方。”A. safer更安全的；B. fairer更公平的；C. quieter更安静的；D. wider更宽的。根据“a mre diverse”可知，空处形容词与diverse并列，结合上文讲述的有些科学人士做出贡献却没有名字信息可知，作者认为我们有责任让科学成为一个更加多样化和公平的地方。故选B项。
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Xiake was knwn in China as a great explrer, gegrapher and travel writer. Brn in 1587, he lved reading bks abut gegraphy and nature, and frm an early age 16 (wish) t see the natural wnders f the cuntry.
Xu started t travel at 17 age f 22, with the encuragement f his mther. As well as explring famus muntains and rivers, he went t places that had never been visited befre. His first visits lasted nly a few mnths, s that he culd return hme 18 (regular). But by 1639, abut tw years befre his death, Xu had travelled fr years, cvering almst half f mdern China.
Unlike mst travelers these days, Xu travelled the hard way—n ft. He shwed great curage during his 19 (jurney). He ften went 20 fd fr days, and suffered bad weather, illness, dangerus animals and even rbbers. Despite all these difficulties, his 21 (curius) abut the natural wrld kept him ging.
Xu wrte abut his discveries in his travel diaries, 22 are the earliest recrds f landscapes in Suthern China. Xu’s wn experiences enabled him 23 (crrect) several mistakes in earlier bks. One f his mst imprtant discveries was 24 the Jinsha River was the true surce f the Yangtze River. At mre than 600,000 wrds, Xu’s diaries are regarded as ne f the greatest wrks in bth scientific and literary fields. Translated int mdern Chinese, it is amazing t hear the vice f Xu Xiake 25 (speak) t us acrss the centuries abut his adventures.
【答案】
16．wished 17．the 18．regularly 19．jurneys 20．withut 21．curisity 22．which 23．t crrect 24．that 25．speaking
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徐霞客作为一位伟大的中国探险家、地理学家和旅行作家的生平和成就。
16．考查时态。句意：他出生于1587年，喜欢阅读有关地理和自然的书籍，从小就希望看到这个国家的自然奇观。根据“lved”可知，句子讲述过去的事情，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填wished。
17．考查冠词。句意：在母亲的鼓励下，他22岁开始旅行。固定短语“at the age f ”意为“在……岁”，故填the。
18．考查副词。句意：他的第一次拜访只持续了几个月，所以他可以定期回家。使用副词作状语修饰动词return，需要的词义为“定期地”，为regularly，故填regularly。
19．考查名词的数。句意：他在旅途中表现出极大的勇气。此处应填名词作宾语，jurney是可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，则它需要变复数，表示泛指，故填jurneys。
20．考查介词。句意：他经常几天没吃东西，还要忍受恶劣的天气、疾病、危险的动物，甚至还有强盗。固定短语“g withut”意为“没有……而忍受过去”，故填withut。
21．考查名词。句意：尽管困难重重，但他对自然世界的好奇心使他坚持了下来。此处使用名词作主语，需要的词义为“好奇心”，即curisity，它为不可数名词，故填curisity。
22．考查定语从句。句意：徐在他的旅行日记中写下了他的发现，这是中国南方风景的最早记录。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，discveries是先行词，它在从句中作主语，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句，故填which。
23．考查动词不定式。句意：徐的亲身经历使他纠正了早期著作中的一些错误。固定短语“enable sb t d”意为“使某人能够做某事”，故填t crrect。
24．考查表语从句。句意：他最重要的发现之一是金沙江是长江的真正源头。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，从句在语义和成分上均完整，因此使用五任何意义只起引导作用的that引导表语从句，故填that。
25．考查现在分词。句意：翻译成现代汉语后，听到徐霞客的声音跨越几个世纪向我们讲述他的冒险经历是令人惊讶的。分析句子结构可知，speak作为非谓语动词使用，Xu Xiake发出speak的动作，因此使用现在分词，故填speaking。
拓展延伸
1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As Christmas decratins appeared in twn, ur parents called my tw yunger brthers and me tgether. At first, I thught smene had died, because I had never seen my parents lk s sad. My brthers and I std waiting fr the awful news.
Mm hugged me as she murmured, “Christmas is ging t be different this year. We wn't be having a tree r presents. We can barely affrd fd.”Dad, resting n the cuch, beckned (招手示意) the bys int his arms.“Things will change when I get back t wrk.”
My family was prer than dirt. Dad, the nly bread-earner in ur family, wrked in a cal mine. Hwever, sn after returning t wrk at the end f a lng strike, Dad was hurt in a rck fall that brke bnes in his ft. Lying n the cuch with the swllen ft high n pillws, he didn't talk r smile much. There was little t smile abut. N wrk, n incme.
At nine years ld, I mthered my yunger brthers: Rdney, aged six, and Stevie, three. We shared a small bedrm. That night, after ur parents’ annuncement, we talked.
Rdney began. “Em, did yu see hw sad Mmmy and Daddy lked? I thught Mmmy was gnna cry.
“Me, t. Daddy's ft’s … this big” whispered Stevie, hlding ut his arms.
“'re in hard times," I said.“It makes Mmmy and Daddy sad."
“But we dn't have t be sad," I added, hping t brighten the md.
“Since there are still several weeks t g, maybe we can d smething t cheer them up," I said with verdne enthusiasm. The bys prpsed, “We can take the mney frm ur piggy sme surprise them with gifts!"
“I can run errands(跑腿) fr Aunt Em and neighbrs t earn mney," I ffered.
“Yeah," Rdney added, “I and Stevie can return bttles and save the depsit mney... instead f buying candy!" He pushed Stevie gently with his elbw.
“Yeah!”Stevie clutched his hands tgether.
We had a plan!
Until they ndded ff, I cached my little brthers (especially Stevie) in ways t guard ur secret. “Dn't talk abut it during the day."
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We awke in the mrning, transfrming frm sad children t the secret agents n an imprtant missin!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On Christmas mrning, we hurried int the living rm and handed the gifts t Mmmy and Daddy.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
We awke in the mrning，transfrming frm sad children t the secret agents n an imprtant missin! The fllwing weeks saw me dashing hme frm schl each day determined t earn a penny. I was usually greeted by secret winks and grins- ne with a missing tth, and the ther with tiny, straight teeth- bth assuring me ur secret was safe. A few days befre Christmas, we gleefully went shpping. We bught Mm a new aprn, and fr Dad, a pair f leather slippers. The night f Christmas Eve seemed endless. I awke ccasinally, r ne f my brthers wke me asking, “Hw lng till daylight?”
On Christmas mrning, we hurried int the living rm and handed the gifts t Mmmy and Daddy. Surprised and stunned, they shwered us with tns f cnfusing questins. “Hw did yu..?” “Where did yu..?” “Wh gave "" As we explained hw we'd schemed, earned and saved ur mney, their faces relaxed int expressins f astnishment. Then, with glistening tears, Mm and Dad wrapped us three int their arms. On this special Christmas mrning, with the five f us hugging, talking, laughing and listening with fresh affectin and gratitude, I understd that rich r pr, we wuld keep tgether and be happy in ne anther.
【导语】这篇文章以故事发展为线索，作者的爸爸是家里唯一的收入来源，在爸爸受伤无法工作后，作者家里变得十分贫困，没有钱买圣诞礼物，作者和弟弟们商量后决定瞒着父母一起出去赚钱来给爸妈准备圣诞礼物，让爸妈开心起来的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们早上醒来，从悲伤的孩子变成了执行重要任务的特工!”可知，第一段可以描写如何秘密的执行任务，通过赚的钱给爸爸妈妈准备圣诞礼物，以及等待送礼物前激动的心情。
②由第二段首句内容“圣诞节的早晨，我们匆匆走进客厅，把礼物递给了爸爸妈妈。”可知，第二段可描写爸爸妈妈收到礼物时的惊讶，然后解释如何准备礼物的过程，最终大家开开心心地度过了一个难忘的圣诞节。最后升华主题，无论贫穷，只要有爱，一家人在一起就是幸福。
2.续写线索：保密筹钱——准备礼物——激动心情——赠送礼物——解释原因——开心过节——感悟人生
3.词汇激活
行为类
①决定做某事：determine t d/decide t d
②冲回家：dash hme/rush hme/hurry hme
情绪类
①惊讶的：astnished/surprised/stunned
②开心地：gleefully/delightedly/happily
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Surprised and stunned, they shwered us with tns f cnfusing questins.（形容词做伴随状语）
[高分句型2].As we explained hw we'd schemed, earned and saved ur mney, their faces relaxed int expressins f astnishment. （as 引导时间状语从句，hw引导宾语从句）