人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement随堂练习题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement随堂练习题，共7页。试卷主要包含了答案与解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．The tw psters are ________ (有区别的)frm each ther in style.
2．Yu must ________ (承诺)yurself t finish the task n time.
3．It is necessary fr us t have an ________ attitude twards life.
4．Only if yu make effrts t fulfill the task can yu be a________ t be excellent.
5．As a matter f fact, happiness desn't lie in hw much ________ (财产) yu wn.
6．As is knwn t all, talent and hard wrk are bth ________ (至关重要的) t career success.
7．S lng as we can________ (击败)the ther team, we'll becme the champin f curse.
8．The hspital has recently ________ new medical equipment, allwing mre patients t be treated.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．The scientist is lking fr a way t draw ________ the extract.
2．Yu mustn't get clse t the ________ (bil)water! It's dangerus!
3．The ld man insisted ________ leaving his grandsn in this village.
4．The wheels f the car gt ________ (stick) in the mud.
5．They will hld a meeting t find the key ________ slving the prblem.
6．Hw did the dctr find a new treatment ________ this strange disease?
7．________ (apparent), the villagers were nt in favur f the new plan.
8．With s much nise, he fund it hard t d sme ________ (science)research.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Tu Yuyu is universally acknwledged as a scientist f great 1.________ (achieve). Brn in Ningb, China, n 30 December 1930, Tu Yuyu graduated frm Peking University Medical Schl in 1955. In 1967, she was chsen int a research team 2.________ was frmed by the gvernment with the aim f discvering a new treatment 3.________ malaria and tw years later she became the head f the prject in Beijing. She and her teammates examined ver 2，000 ld medical texts, 4.________ (evaluate) 280，000 plants fr their medical prperties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that shwed prmise in the fight against malaria. As a 5.________ (cmmit) and patient scientist, she never acknwledged defeat whatever difficulty she met. After failing t draw ut useful extract by 6.________ (bil) the sweet wrmwd, she began even 7.________ (careful) thinking and research wrk. She drew 8.________ cnclusin that biling the sweet wrmwd destryed 9.________ (it) medical prperties. S she used a lwer temperature 10.________ (draw) ut the extract and finally she succeeded.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wmen have been making scientific discveries since ancient times. Twelve wmen have wn the Nbel Prize fr Science, ne f the highest hnrs in the wrld. Sme wmen scientists never married, sme wrked with their husbands, and thers raised large families. It has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.
In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became ne f the first wmen recgnized fr her discveries abut the ancient histry f the earth. Mary and her father cllected fssils (化石) in their village n the suth cast f Great Britain. Fssils are parts f plants r animals that have been saved in rcks fr millins f years.
When she was nly twelve years ld, Mary became the first persn t find the almst cmplete skeletns(骨架)f several animals that n lnger existed n the earth. She didn't becme famus fr her discveries at that time because she ften sld her fssils t get mney t supprt her family.
In 1891, a yung Plish wman named Marie Skldwska traveled t Paris t study physics. She did s because she culd nt get a cllege educatin in Pland. She began wrking in the labratry f a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie gt married and made many discveries tgether. They received the Nbel Prize fr Physics in 1903 alng with anther scientist. Marie Curie became the first persn t be awarded a secnd Nbel Prize in 1911, this time fr Chemistry. Marie Curie was ne f the few wmen at the time wh became famus as a scientist.
1．The authr believes that wmen scientists ________.
A.have mre pprtunities t becme successful
B.can nt get the highest hnrs in the wrld
C.g thrugh difficulties t be successful
D.had better pay mre attentin t their families
2．Mary Anning was ne f the first wmen t ________．
A.win the Nbel Prize fr Science after getting married
B.make achievements in the study f ancient earth
C.research animals and their bnes
D.study the mystery f all kinds f plants
3．What can we learn abut Marie Skldwska?
A.She studied physics in Pland and gt a cllege educatin.
B.She received the Nbel Prize fr Physics in 1903 n her wn.
C.She nly gt ne Nbel Prize during her lifetime.
D.She made many discveries after she gt married.
4．What's the passage mainly abut?
A．Ancient discveries. B．Wmen scientists.
C.Successful marriages. D．Different prizes.
B
Mdern medicine and the latest technlgy can save many lives. If yu live in a cuntry where healthcare is readily available and accessible, then yur chances f recvering frm illnesses r accidents are very gd. But fr many peple in the US wh are uninsured (无保险的), they can't affrd these new medical treatments. That's why Dctr Demetri Aguila in Nrflk lets pr patients pay fr surgery (外科手术) thrugh vlunteer wrk.
“Fr years I had been ding surgery fr patients and taking care f their health prblems. Then I wuld find ut mnths later, smetimes years later, that I had caused their financial ruin，” Aguila said. Serius illnesses can cmpletely deplete a family's savings, leaving them n chice but t g bankrupt (破产).
Then he frmed Healing Hands M25 as a way t give pr patients the medical fees they need by dnating their time t cmmunity service. The prcess is pretty simple. They practice partners with lcal charitable rganizatins. The patient picks the charity and dnates his time and sweat; Aguila determines the amunt f vlunteer hurs the patient has t cmplete. “We've lwered the cst f healthcare. We've made it fair fr everybdy invlved，” Aguila said.
The first patient t participate in the prgram was Jeffrey Jensn wh wrked fr 560 hurs t pay fr surgery n his leg. Jensn asked his friends and family t help him cmplete the hurs. Jensn said that his vlunteer wrk greatly affected his life as much as the surgery. “The M25 prgram is nt abut mney — it's abut if peple cme tgether t help ther peple, then the cmmunity becmes better，” said Jensn.
This prgram is a big win fr the patients, the lcal cmmunity, and Dr Aguila wh knws he has dne everything he culd t help his patients.
5．Hw des Aguila make pr patients pay fr surgery?
A.In cash.
B.Thrugh an insurance cmpany.
C.By ding vlunteer wrk.
D.By serving the dctr.
6．What des the underlined wrd “deplete” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Set aside. B．Use up.
C.Cut dwn. D．Add t.
7．What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A.What Healing Hands M25 des.
B.Hw Healing Hands M25 wrks.
C.Why Aguila runs Healing Hands M25.
D.Why patients chse Healing Hands M25.
8．What is Jensn's attitude twards the M25 prgram?
A.Psitive. B．Negative.
C.Objective. D．Uncncerned.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Audrey Hepburn was brn in Belgium in 1929. She liked t spend time with her father. Perhaps he was nt a warm father, but he was jyus and jked a lt. He had his hrses, spke 13 languages, and wuld take her gliding (滑翔). __1__ When she was six, Audrey's father walked ut.
It was the first majr blw in her life. Frm then n, Audrey's childhd was unsettled. Her mther decided that it might be a gd idea fr her t learn English, s she sent her t a barding schl. __2__ She felt like an utsider, but she learned English.
Very sn the war brke ut. Audrey's mther sent fr Audrey t jin her in Hlland. They were taken in by Audrey's wealthy grandfather. Within a year, the Nazis turned against the Dutch. Then there was n heating, n schl and n fd. __3__ She shwed remarkable resilience (迅速恢复的能力) during the war.
Audrey made her perfrmance debut (初次表演) by dancing in wartime Hlland. She didn't knw hw lng the war was ging t last, s she went t ballet (芭蕾舞) schl and learned t dance. __4__ After the war ended, Audrey carried n with her ballet training. In 1951, a famus French writer was lking fr a leading lady fr her best­lved nvel. __5__ Audrey was t take America by strm.
A.And then everything changed.
B.Yet, Audrey's spirit shne thrugh.
C.But it was difficult fr Audrey t fit in.
D.When she saw Audrey, she famusly said, “I've fund my Gigi！”
E. It played an imprtant rle in making her mre famus than ever.
F. Abut a year befre the end f the war, she became quite an excellent perfrmer.
G. In May 1940, Audrey and her family crssed the brder and went int Hlland.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Faraday was the 1.________ (invent) f the electric generatr and electric mtr. Faraday's father suffered frm lng­time health prblems, as a result f 2.________ his family had little mney t affrd his frmal schling. But he was curius and determined t learn.
While 3.________ (wrk) in Lndn as a teenager, he had a chance t read 4.________ (vary)bks that he culd get his hands n. In 1812, he attended fur lectures at the Ryal Institutin given by a famus chemist named Humphrey Davy. A year later Faraday 5.________ (accept) as Davy's lab assistant. Davy als tk Faraday n 6.________ 18­mnth tur f Eurpe, where Faraday met sme f the mst famus scientists f the day. But fr Davy, Faraday 7.________ (lse) the pprtunity t gain a cmplete scientific educatin.
He sn began t d 8.________ (experiment) with electricity. In 1831, he discvered electrmagnetic inductin. And fr the next eight years Faraday wrked lng hurs in the lab, which did harm 9.________ his health. By the end f the decade he was in 10.________ pr health that his research did nt begin again until 1845.In the mid­1850s, he was frced t retire and he lived at Hamptn Curt until his death n 25 August 1867.
课时作业(一) Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.
1．distinct 2.cmmit 3.bjective 4.acknwledged
5．prperty 6.crucial 7.defeat 8.btained
Ⅱ.
1．ut 2.biling 3.n 4.stuck 5.t 6.fr
7．Apparently 8.scientific
Ⅲ.
1．答案与解析：achievement 考查名词。此处指屠呦呦被普遍认为是一个有伟大成就的科学家。f后接抽象名词表示某人或某物具有的某种特征或性质，故填achievement。
2．答案与解析：that/which 考查关系词。此处指她被选入一个由政府成立的科研团队。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为a research team，从句中缺少主语，故填that或which。
3．答案与解析：fr 考查介词。a new treatment fr malaria意为“一种治疗疟疾的新疗法”，故填fr。
4．答案与解析：evaluated 考查动词的时态。设空处和句中的examined，tested作并列谓语，应用一般过去时，故填evaluated。
5．答案与解析：cmmitted 考查形容词。cmmitted为形容词，意为“尽心尽力的”，和patient一起作scientist的定语。
6．答案与解析：biling 考查动名词。by ding sth.意为“通过做某事”，by为介词，后接动名词。
7．答案与解析：mre careful 考查形容词的比较级。此处指她开始了更加仔细的思考和研究工作，含有比较的意思，且前面有even修饰。故填mre careful。
8．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。draw a cnclusin that...得出一个……的结论。
9．答案与解析：its 考查形容词性物主代词。此处指破坏了它的药用性能，应用形容词性物主代词its。
10．答案与解析：t draw 考查动词不定式。use sth. t d sth.使用某物做某事。故填t draw。
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了两名在科学领域做出了巨大贡献的女性。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“It has been difficult fr wmen t be successful scientists.”可知，作者认为女性科学家要经历很多艰难才能走向成功。
2．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Mary Anning became ne f the first wmen recgnized fr her discveries abut the ancient histry f the earth.”可知选B。
3．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Marie and Pierre Curie gt married and made many discveries tgether.”可知D项正确。
4．答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了两名在科学领域做出了巨大贡献的女性。故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Aguila医生成立Healing Hands M25帮助患者通过做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“That's why Dctr Demetri Aguila in Nrflk lets pr patients pay fr surgery thrugh vlunteer wrk.”可知，Aguila让贫困患者通过做志愿者工作来支付手术费用。
6．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的 “ them n chice but t g bankrupt”可知，一个家庭之所以破产是因为严重的疾病会完全耗尽他们所有的积蓄，故deplete意为“耗尽”，故选B项。
7．答案与解析：B 段落大意题。根据第三段的内容可知，本段主要讲述了Healing Hands M25这一项目是如何运行的。
8．答案与解析：A 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段Jensn所说的话可知，Jensn对Healing Hands M25这个项目持肯定态度。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥黛丽·赫本成名前的故事。
1．答案与解析：A 由下文中的“Audrey's father walked ut”和“It was the first majr blw in her life. Frm then n, Audrey's childhd was unsettled.”和上文中的“She liked t spend time with her father... and wuld take her gliding.”对比可知，一切都改变了。
2．答案与解析：C 由下文中的“She felt like an utsider”可知，她感到很难融入。
3．答案与解析：B B项和上文中的“Then there was n heating, n schl and n fd.”构成转折，用Yet连接符合语境。下文中的“She shwed remarkable resilience during the war.”是对B项的进一步解释。
4．答案与解析：F F项中的“Abut a year befre the end f the war”呼应下文中的“After the war ended”。
5．答案与解析：D D项中的“ saw Audrey”呼应上文中的“ famus French writer was lking fr a leading lady”。
Ⅲ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了发电机和电动机的发明者法拉第的生平。
1．答案与解析：inventr 考查词性转换。空前由the修饰，因此空处用名词，结合句意可知，此处表示“发明者”，故填inventr。
2．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面整个句子的内容，在从句中作f的宾语，故填which。
3．答案与解析：wrking 考查非谓语动词。在while引导的时间状语从句中，当主从句的主语一致且谓语为be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，本句省略了he was，故填wrking。
4．答案与解析：varius 考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词bks，故填varius。
5．答案与解析：was accepted 考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意可知，Faraday与accept之间是动宾关系，且发生在过去，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was accepted。
6．答案与解析：an 考查冠词。此处用不定冠词表示泛指，18­mnth以元音音素开头，故填an。
7．答案与解析：wuld have lst 考查虚拟语气。but fr意为“要不是”，表示对过去事情的假设，句子谓语应用wuld have dne，表示“本会……而实际没有……”，故填wuld have lst。
8．答案与解析：experiments 考查名词的数。此处用名词复数形式表示泛指，故填experiments。
9．答案与解析：t 考查介词。d harm t表示“对……有害”，故填t。
10．答案与解析：such 考查固定结构。表示“如此……以至于……”，此处应用such修饰不可数名词health，故填such。
必备知识基础练
进阶训练第一层
关键能力综合练
进阶训练第二层