人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课时训练

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课时训练，共8页。试卷主要包含了答案与解析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．A nvel shuld nt be t ________ (偏远的) frm the experiences f its readers.
2．He ________ (获得) himself a place at law schl.
3．I find these prgrams can be ________ (融入) with yur existing sftware.
4．The arts are ________ (效率高的) ecnmic drivers and when they are supprted, the entire small business cmmunity benefits.
5．The majrity f us expressed a strng ________ (喜爱) fr the riginal plan.
6．I d knw hw upset the shp staff can get, but I try t p________ them t keep smiling.
7．We stpped at the different gates and watchtwers t watch the lcal peple ging abut their daily r________.
8. Investment in arts culd prduce ________ (潜在的) psitive ecnmic results.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．They nt nly ffer us jy and excitement, but als encurage us t think ________ (critical).
2．When she was 14, her mther fund it necessary t wrk in a ________ (distance) place.
3．China has a fur­tier clur­cded weather ________ (warn) system, with red representing the mst severe, fllwed by range, yellw and blue.
4．I have a gd cmmand ________ English and Chinese, which is beneficial fr intrducing Chinese paintings.
5. T tell the truth, I turned left ________ (autmatic) withut thinking.
6．This land will be prtected and ________ (avail) fr all generatins t cme.
7．If we admit it is a dr, they'll want t g utside ________ (cnstant).
8．This bk is particularly ________ (relevance) t the study f Chinese histry f this perid.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Have yu ever frgtten t lck the dr f yur huse r switch ff the TV? These kinds f things ften happen t us, 1.________ can lead t prblems. Hwever, in the near future, we 2.________ (live) in smart hmes that will lck the dr and switch ff the TV 3.________ (autmatic). These smart hmes will prvide us with a 4.________ (cmfrtable) envirnment than nw.
Yur hme will learn yur daily rutine and preferences, s everything will be ready fr yu when yu get hme each evening. Fr example, lights will cme n instantly yu enter the dr alng with 5.________ (yu) favurite music. All cntrls will respnd 6.________ vice cmmands, s yu just say 7.________ yu want and the hme system will bey. Besides, it will give yu suggestins n a healthier diet and hw 8.________ (sleep) better.
This smart technlgy is nt a fantasy. Many f these new 9.________ (innvate) are already available and being used in sme hmes. Nevertheless, it will take sme years 10.________ mst new hmes begin t use this new technlgy.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Fur f the Wrld's Best Futurists
Kevin Kelly
Kevin Kelly is an authr. His 1994 publicatin, OutfCntrl, discusses a future where machines and systems are s cmplex as t be indistinguished (难区分的) frm living things.
His latest bk WhatTechnlgyWants suggests that technlgy is nt just a mixture f wires and metals but a living thing that has its wn need. The bk lks ut thrugh the eyes f this glbal technlgical system t discver what it wants.
Dr Michi Kaku
Dr Michi Kaku is a prfessr f theretical physics at the City University f New Yrk and authr f TheFutureftheMind and PhysicsftheFuture.
In TheFutureftheMind, he explres the frntier f neurscience. He predicts that ne day we will be able t uplad the human brain int a cmputer. In PhysicsftheFuture, he predicts that glasses and cntact lenses will be cnnected t the Internet and cars will becme driverless with the pwer f the GPS system.
David Brin
Science fictin authr and scientist, David Brin has received awards. In 1998, he wn the Freedm f Speech Award fr TheTransparenceSciety. The bk cncerns threats t persnal affairs and penness in the infrmatin age. In a wrld where the plice mnitr public places 24 hurs a day with cameras and sme credit cmpanies can sell peple's financial details t anyne willing t pay, Brin warns that surveillance (监控) technlgy will be used by t few peple in the future. He argues that the tables shuld be turned and the public shuld have access t infrmatin like wh is buying financial details frm credit cmpanies.
Dr Ray Kurzweil
Dr Ray Kurzweil is the main inventr f the first print­t­speech reading machine fr the blind. He is the directr f artificial intelligence develpment at Ggle.
Over the past 25 years, a number f his predictins have cme true. In 1990, he predicted a cmputer wuld defeat a human at chess by 1998.He predicts that by the 2020s, mst diseases will g away and self­driving cars begin t take ver the rads.
1．Whse bk is discussing abut machines and systems in the future?
A．Kevin Kelly's. B．Dr Michi Kaku's.
C．David Brin's. D．Dr Ray Kurzweil's.
2．Which f the fllwing bks wn the Freedm f Speech Award?
A．OutfCntrl.
B．TheFutureftheMind.
C．PhysicsftheFuture.
D．TheTransparenceSciety.
3．What's Dr Ray Kurzweil's attitude twards his predictin f the 2020s?
A．Cautius. B．Optimistic.
C．Dubtful. D．Disapprving.
B
Sme peple are pessimistic (悲观的) when they think abut the future. They say that, a hundred years frm nw, we will have used up mst f the earth's resurces. We will have plluted ur seas badly, and be unable t eat fish frm them. We will have made the air s dirty that we will need t wear masks. The wrld's ppulatin will have dubled, and we will have used all the cuntryside fr husing; there will be n farmland left.
Other peple believe that man adapts very easily. They have a different idea f the future. Hw, in their views, will peple be living in a hundred years' time?
One architect (建筑师) believes that man will mve ff the land. He suggests that the city f the future will be a huge, pyramid­shaped (金字塔形的) building, which will be flating n the surface f the sea. Abut 5，000 families will be living there, and the building will cntain shps and schls as well as hmes. By living n the sea, we will give farmers mre land t grw crps.
As fr il, peple will n lnger need it: we will be heating ur hmes with pwer frm the sun. And we will nt be shrt f minerals, because there are plenty under ur ceans. At the mment, we d nt have the technlgy t get them ut. But, in a hundred years' time, the ptimists say, the new sea cities will be using these resurces.
What will be in the shps in the year 3000? What will peple be wearing? Hw will peple be traveling?
Scientists wh make predictins abut the future suggest that, by the year 3000, shps will n lnger exist. Cmputers will have replaced them, and peple will rder gds frm hme.
Peple will be wearing very light, thin clthes. By this time, scientists will have invented a fabric (织物) that keeps us cl in ht weather and warm in cld weather.
As fr travel, the experts say that mst peple will be using public transprt. Electric cars will be traveling thrugh the streets day and night. Anybdy will be able t stp ne and use it.
What an interesting picture! Unfrtunately, we will nt be there t see if these predictins cme true.
4．What d Pessimists believe in the future?
A．The seas and ceans will be full f huses.
B．We'll have used up all the resurces.
C．We will nt have enugh fish t eat frm the seas.
D．We will have plluted the air s badly that it will be impssible fr us t breathe freely.
5．What d Optimists suggest in the future?
A．All the land will be t plluted t be crpped n.
B．Pyramids will be mst cmmnly­used huses.
C．Peple will be using the pwer frm the sun instead f il.
D．We will be shrt f materials even thugh we get them frm under the ceans.
6．Scientists have made the predictins EXCEPT ________.
A．electric cars will be ging alng the streets cntinuusly
B．the resurces under the ceans will never be used up
C．peple will rder gds frm hme
D．peple wn't suffer frm cld any lnger
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bank f England ecnmists predict that almst half f all UK jbs are under threat f autmatin. Thse mst at risk invlve repetitive manual (手工的) labur. But culd even the respected prfessin f teaching sn have t cmpete against pwerful electrnic educatrs?
At first glance, teaching might seem unlikely t be replaced by rbts. __1__ They analyse pupils' needs and tailr feedback(反馈)accrdingly. They adapt materials t make them mre interesting and effective. And they lk ut fr students wh fall behind r disturb the class.
__2__ In an interview with BusinessInsider magazine, futurist Thmas Frey predicts that “by 2030 the largest cmpany n the Internet is ging t be an educatin­based cmpany that we haven't heard f yet.” He thinks that nline rbt teachers will make educatin highly efficient. __3__
Over the last decade there has been a huge increase in nline learning platfrms. Sme cmpanies prduce curses that allw millins t learn at hme fr free, at their wn pace. __4__ Withut the face­t­face encuragement f a classrm envirnment, the majrity f students fail t cmplete nline curses. Hw t keep mtivatin t learn is ne mre skill that nline teachers will need t master.
Indeed, Frey admits there is sme way t g: “Nbdy has quite cracked the cde fr the future f educatin.”__5__ Prfessr Dnald Clark frm Derby University in the UK thinks that we shuld accept change, even thugh peple will lse their jbs.
“Artificial intelligence will destry jbs — s why nt use it fr a scial gd such as learning？” he asked.
A．But there are limitatins.
B．Will such unbelievable speeds be reached?
C．What d teachers themselves think abut this?
D．Will yur jb be dne by a rbt in the future?
E．Teachers use a range f sft skills that machines find hard t cpy.
F．Hwever, sme believe the future f educatin will be technlgical.
G．Students will be able t get an undergraduate degree after six mnths f learning.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese researchers 1.________ (develp) a rbt designed t help dctrs treat the new crnavirus and ther highly cntagius (接触传染的) diseases s far. The machine has a lng rbtic arm attached t a base with wheels. It can perfrm sme f medical examinatin tasks the same 2.________ dctrs. Fr example, the device can perfrm ultrasund, cllect fluid samples frm a persn's muth and listen t sunds made by a patient's rgans.
Cameras recrd the rbt's activities, which 3.________ (cntrl) remtely s dctrs can avid 4.________ (cme) int clse cntact with infected patients. Dctrs and ther medical wrkers can perate the machine frm a nearby rm r much 5.________ (far) away.
The rbt's main 6.________ (design) is Zheng Gangtie, an engineer and prfessr at China's Tsinghua University in Beijing. He tld Reuters News Agency that he gt 7.________ idea fr the device arund the time f the Lunar New Year in January. At the time, the number f cases f the COVID­19 was rising quickly in the city f Wuhan. COVID­19 is the disease caused by the new crnavirus.
Zheng said a friend f his is the head f Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hspital. He said his friend tld him that ne f the biggest 8.________ (prblem) in dealing with COVID­19 was 9.________ health care wrkers treating patients were getting infected themselves. Zheng said he wanted t d smething t deal with this situatin.
S the engineer gathered a team and went t wrk n the rbtic device. Zheng said the team was able t cnvert tw rbtic arms. The new rbt is almst 10.________ (cmplete) autmated. It can even disinfect itself after perfrming actins invlving cntact with patients.
课时作业(一) Reading and Thinking
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.
1．remte 2.secured 3.integrated 4.efficient
5．preference 6.persuade 7.rutines 8.ptential
Ⅱ.
1．答案与解析：critically 考查词形转换。句意：他们不仅给我们带来欢乐和兴奋，还鼓励我们批判性地思考。此处作状语，修饰动词“think”，用副词形式。
2．答案与解析：distant 考查词形转换。句意：她14岁时，母亲发现有必要到遥远的地方工作。此处为形容词作定语，修饰名词“place”。
3．答案与解析：warning 考查词形转换。句意：我国的天气预警信号分为四级，由四种颜色表示，按照严重程度依次为红色、橙色、黄色和蓝色。由句意以及system后的信息可知，此处应该用名词warning。
4．答案与解析：f 考查固定用法。句意：我精通英语和汉语，这对介绍国画很有帮助。have a gd cmmand f “精通”。
5．答案与解析：autmatically 考查词形转换。句意：说实话，我想都没想就自动左转了。此处为副词修饰动词。
6．答案与解析：available 考查词形转换。句意：这片土地将得到保护，世世代代都可以使用。be available fr“可用于”。
7．答案与解析：cnstantly 考查词形转换。句意：如果我们承认这是门，他们会经常想出去的。此处为副词作状语，修饰动词“g”。
8．答案与解析：relevant 考查词形转换。句意：这本书与研究这一时期的中国历史特别相关。此处作表语，同时根据“particularly”判断，应用形容词形式。
Ⅲ.
1．答案与解析：which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这类事情经常发生在我们身上，它们会引起问题。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为These kinds f things，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．答案与解析：will be living 考查时态。句意：然而，在不久的将来，我们将生活在会自动锁门、自动关电视的智能房子里。根据句意可知，此处应用将来进行时，故填will be living。
3．答案与解析：autmatically 考查副词。此处修饰谓语动词，应用副词作状语，故填autmatically。
4．答案与解析：mre cmfrtable 考查形容词的比较级。句意：这些智能房子将为我们提供一个比现在更舒适的环境。此处表示一种与现在的比较，故用比较级mre cmfrtable。
5．答案与解析：yur 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：例如，你一进家门，灯就会亮起来，你最喜欢的音乐也会播放。由设空处后面的favurite music可知此处应用形容词性物主代词yur。
6．答案与解析：t 考查介词。此处指所有的开关都会响应声音指令。respnd t响应。故填t。
7．答案与解析：what 考查名词性从句。句意：所有的开关都会响应声音指令，所以你只要说出你想要的东西，这个家庭系统就会服从。设空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，表示“……的事物”，故填what。
8．答案与解析：t sleep 考查“疑问词＋不定式”结构。句意：此外，它将给你关于更健康的饮食和怎样睡得更好的建议。此处为“疑问词＋不定式”结构作介词n的宾语，故填t sleep。
9．答案与解析：innvatins 考查名词复数。由设空处前面的Many f these new可知此处应填复数名词innvatins。
10．答案与解析：befre 考查连词。此处是固定句型“it will take＋时间＋befre...”，意为“需要多长时间才……”，故填befre。
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位未来学家以及他们的贡献。
1．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据Kevin Kelly部分中的第一段可知，他在1994年出版的《失控》一书中探讨了一个未来的世界，在这个世界里，机器和系统是如此复杂，以至于无法与生物区分开来。由此可知，Kevin Kelly的书讨论了未来的机器和系统，故选A。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据David Brin部分中的“In 1998, he wn the Freedm f Speech Award fr TheTransparenceSciety.”可知，1998年，他因TheTransparenceSciety获得“言论自由奖”，故选D。
3．答案与解析：B 观点态度题。根据Dr Ray Kurzweil部分中的最后一句可知，他预测，到21世纪20年代，大多数疾病将会被治愈，自动驾驶汽车将开始占领道路。由此推知，Ray Kurzweil博士对21世纪20年代的预测持乐观态度，故选B。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对未来生活的不同看法以及预测。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。由第一段第四句“We will have made ... t wear masks.”可知，悲观的人认为一百年之后，因为空气受到严重污染，人们必须要戴着面具，故D项正确。
5．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知，人们将不再使用石油，而是利用太阳能来取暖。其他选项与原文不符。
6．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。文章最后四段是科学家的预测。倒数第二段第二句提到日夜运作的电车；倒数第四段末句提到人们将在家中订购物品；倒数第三段末句提到新发明的织物会使我们觉得冬暖夏凉；只有B项不是科学家的预测。
Ⅱ.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。未来社会，老师这一备受人们尊重的职业是否也可能被机器人代替呢？
1．答案与解析：E “教学工作看起来不会被机器人所代替”是因为“教师会用到一系列机器人难以复制的软技能”。本空后面的三句话是对这些软技能的具体说明，句中的They/they都指代E项中的Teachers。
2．答案与解析：F 根据本空后面的futurist和by 2030可以锁定F项中的the future。代入后，“然而，有人认为未来的教育将与技术息息相关”与未来学家Thmas Frey提出的观点一致，符合语境。本段观点与上一段观点正好相反，所以开头用了Hwever表示转折。
3．答案与解析：G “学生经过六个月的学习就能拿到本科学位”是对本空前highly efficient的有力说明。
4．答案与解析：A 结合本空前面的“a huge increase in nline learning platfrms”和后面的“Withut the face­t­face encuragement f a classrm envirnment, the majrity f students fail t cmplete nline curses.”可知，网络学习平台虽然在过去十年发展很快，但是仍具有局限性。
5．答案与解析：C 根据本空后面的“Prfessr Dnald ”可以锁定C项中的“”，代入后，“老师自己是怎样看待这个问题的呢”符合语境。this指代“机器人代替老师”这一设想。
Ⅲ.
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的研究人员开发出一款机器人，用来帮助医生治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎和其他具有高传染性的疾病。
1．答案与解析：have develped 由时间状语s far可知，本句应用现在完成时，主语Chinese researchers为复数概念，谓语应用复数形式，故填have develped。
2．答案与解析：as 句意为：它可以像医生一样执行一些医疗检查任务。the same as...为固定搭配，意为“和……一样”。
3．答案与解析：are cntrlled 此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代the rbt's activities，作为从句的主语，该空为定语从句中的谓语，与从句主语为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据语境和主句时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填are cntrlled。
4．答案与解析：cming avid ding sth.为固定用法，意为“避免做某事”，故填cming。
5．答案与解析：farther/further 由语境及关键词much可知，此处应用副词的比较级，表示与前面的a nearby rm相比而言更远的地方。故填farther/further。
6．答案与解析：designer 分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的主语，且其前有形容词修饰，应用名词形式；根据空后的Zheng Gangtie可知，该空是指机器人的主要设计者，故填designer。
7．答案与解析：the 此处特指设计这款机器人的“想法”，应用定冠词修饰限定idea。故填the。
8．答案与解析：prblems “ne f＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，故填prblems。
9．答案与解析：that 句意为：他说，他朋友告诉他，应对新型冠状病毒肺炎最大的难题之一是治疗病人的医护人员自己也会感染病毒。分析句子结构可知，空后部分为表语从句，从句中不缺成分，应用that连接。
10．答案与解析：cmpletely autmated为形容词，意为“自动化的”，应用副词修饰。故填cmpletely。
必备知识基础练
进阶训练第一层
关键能力综合练
进阶训练第二层