Unit 2 教学知识细解码 同步教材讲解 【新教材】外研版（2019）英语选择性必修第一册

这是一份Unit 2 教学知识细解码 同步教材讲解 【新教材】外研版（2019）英语选择性必修第一册，共8页。

1．infrm v．通知，告知→infrmatin n．信息
2．reject v．拒绝，否决→rejectin n．拒绝，否决
3．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance n．毅力；坚持
4．criticize v．批评，挑剔→critical adj.批评的→criticism n．批评；指责
5．delight v．使高兴 n．高兴→delighted adj.高兴的；愉快的
guarantee n．保证；保证书；担保；担保人；抵押品
vt.保证；担保
①A diplma is n guarantee f efficiency.n.保证
②He put up his huse as a guarantee.n.抵押品
③We guarantee that yu will find a cmmunity with which t scialise.v.保证
Wrds And Phrases
知识要点1 debt n．债务，欠款
(教材P13) When the funds are lw and the debts are high，...
当资金少而债务高的时候，……
[例1] I need t pay ff all my debts befre I leave the cuntry.
我得在离开该国前偿清所有债务。
[例2] He was s gd t me that I can never repay the debt I we him.
他对我太好了，我永远也还不清这份人情。
[知识拓展]
(1)in debt中in表示“处于……状态中”，debt前不加任何冠词。
(2)g/get/run int debt负债
be in heavy debt 负债累累
be ut f debt 不欠债(状态)
pay ff all the debts 还清债务(动作)
be in sb.'s debt＝be in debt t sb.
欠某人的人情债；受某人的恩惠；感激某人
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I'm in heavy debt at the mment，but I hpe t be ut f debt when I get paid.
②It's easier t get int debt than get ut f it.
③Yu saved my life；I am in debt t yu frever.
[小片段助记]
Mike had been in debt fr many years，but he wrked hard day and night and managed t stay ut f debt.Hwever，his father fell seriusly ill suddenly and Mike gt/ran int debt t save his father.When Mike felt helpless as he didn't knw hw t pay ff the debts，Mr.White ffered him a gd jb t help him，s Mike ften said t Mr.White，“I will always remember yur kindness and I'm frever in yur debt.”
知识要点2 pace n．速度；步速；节奏
(教材P13) Dn't give up thugh the pace seems slw...
尽管速度似乎很慢，但不要放弃……
[例1] It is difficult t keep up with the rapid pace f change.
跟上迅速的变化是很困难的。
[例2] I prefer the relaxed pace f life in the cuntry.
我喜爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。
[知识拓展]
at ne's wn pace 以某人自己的速度
keep pace with 跟上，(与……)并驾齐驱；(与……)步调一致
set the pace 定步速；起带头作用
the pace f life 生活节奏
pace up and dwn 来回踱步
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She wrks s fast that I can't keep pace with her.
②Each child learns at his r her wn pace.
知识要点3 infrm v．通知；告知
(教材P14) We regret t infrm yu...
我们很遗憾地通知你……
[例] If yu threaten me r use any frce，I shall infrm the plice.
你要是威胁我或是动武，我就报警。
[知识拓展]
(1)infrm sb.f sth. 通知某人某事
infrm 告知某人……
(2)infrmed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的；有学问的
keep sb.infrmed f sth. 使某人知道某事；随时报告某人某事
(3)infrmatin n. 信息(不可数)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Have yu infrmed the bss f/abut yur wish t leave?
②The headmaster infrmed us that the schl wuld be clsed fr ne day.
③Please keep me infrmed(infrm) f/abut the latest prcess f the plan.
知识要点4 give up放弃；停止；交给；让给；对某人的到来(康复、能否找到等)不再抱希望
(教材P14) Yu may have spent years giving up yur weekends and free time t write yur life's wrk，...
你可能花了很多年放弃周末和空闲时间来写你一生的著作，……
[例1] He tried t run away but gave up when he fund himself surrunded.
他试图逃跑，但发现已被包围时只好放弃了这个念头。
[例2] One f the men with him gave up his place n the bench.
他的一个同伴将长椅上的位子让了出来。
[知识拓展]
give in(t sb.) (向某人)屈服，让步
give ut 用尽；分发；发出(不用于被动语态)
give back 归还
give away 泄露；赠送
give ff 放出(光、热、气味等)；散发
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Dn't give away t the public when we will start.
②Please give back my bike t me tmrrw.
③The heater can give ff much warmth.
[名师点津]
give up表示“放弃”，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，若宾语为代词，则代词必须放在give up中间。
知识要点5 have sth.in cmmn (with sb.r sth.)与……有(想法、兴趣、特征等)相同之处
(教材P14) When she received her first rejectin letter，she decided that it meant she nw had smething in cmmn with her favurite writers，...
当她收到第一封拒绝信时，她认为这意味着她现在和她最喜欢的作家有了共同点，……
[例1] We are attracted by each ther，because we have smething in cmmn.
我们互相吸引对方，是因为我们有共同之处。
[例2] His thught had smething in cmmn with that f Emersn and ther transcendentalists.
他和爱默生以及其他的超验论者在思想上也有相通之处。
[知识拓展]
have nthing in cmmn 无共同之处
have little in cmmn 几乎无共同之处
have a lt in cmmn 有许多共同之处
in cmmn with 和……一样；和……有共同之处
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Althugh we have met by chance，we d have a lt in cmmn.
②In cmmn with many cuntries，Britain has serius envirnmental prblems.
知识要点6 turn dwn 调小；拒绝
(教材P14) I wasn't ging t give up until every single publisher turned me dwn，...
在每个出版商拒绝我之前我不会放弃，……
[例1] She culd nt bear the relentless music and turned dwn the vlume.
她受不了没完没了的音乐，就把音量调小了。
[例2] Suppsing I turn dwn yur ffer，wuld yu feel disappinted?
假如我拒绝你的提议，你会感到失望吗？
[知识拓展]
turn up 出现；到场；开大；调高音量
turn arund/rund 转身
turn ut 证明是；结果是
turn t 转向；求助于，查阅
turn ver 翻转；移交
turn n/ff 打开/关闭(开关)
turn in 上交
turn int 变成
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①When I turned up fr my first jump I was s nervus that I tried t back ut，but my friends persuaded me t g thrugh with it.
②It turned ut that she was a friend f my sister.
知识要点7 guarantee v．保证；担保；保修 n．保证；保证书
(教材P15) S，it seems that talent alne isn't enugh t guarantee success.
所以，似乎光靠天赋不足以保证成功。
[例1] I guarantee that if yu take this medicine，yu'll sn get well.
我管保你吃了这药就好。
[例2] A famus ld name n a firm is nt necessarily a guarantee f quality.
公司悠久的品牌并不能确保商品的质量。
[知识拓展]
(1)guarantee sb.sth.(＝ensure sb.sth.)
保证某人得到某物
guarantee t d sth. 保证做某事
guarantee that... 确保……
guarantee sth.fr sme time 对……保修多久
(2)give sb.a guarantee that... 向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I guarantee t be(be) here tmrrw.Trust me!
②I guarantee that yu'll enjy yurself.
③This insurance guarantees yu against lss in case f fire.
知识要点8 delighted adj.高兴的；愉快的
(教材P15) We are delighted t infrm yu...
我们很高兴地通知你……
[例1] I was delighted t be able t eat my favrite dishes t my heart's cntent.
我很高兴能够痛痛快快地吃我最喜爱的菜。
[例2] The bear was delighted and began t dance happily.
那只熊听了很高兴，就开始快乐地跳舞。
[知识拓展]
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He was very much delighted with the results.
②My parents will be delighted t see(see) yu.
[小片段助记]
Much t my delight，my sn is delighted t learn English.Yesterday he came huse with delight and tld me the gd news that he wn the first place in an English cmpetitin.
Sentence Patterns
重点句式1 句型
(教材P14) I wasn't ging t give up until every single publisher turned me dwn，...
在每个出版商拒绝我之前，我不会放弃，……
句式分析：本句中的是固定句型，表示“直到……才……”until引导状语从句。
[例1] Yu're nt ging ut until yu've finished this.
你不把这事做完就不准出去。
[例2] The traffic laws dn't take effect until the end f the year.
交通法要到年底才生效。
[知识拓展]
(1)当nt until位于句首时，句子要倒装。其结构为：Nt until＋从句/表时间的词＋助动词＋(主句)主语＋谓语＋其他。
(2)nt until的强调结构为：It is/was nt until＋从句/表时间的词＋that＋其他。
[翻译]
①Nt until the teacher came in(直到老师进来) did the students stp talking.
②It is nt until next week(直到下周) that the sprts meet will be held.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It was nt until I gt married that I culd affrd t buy a huse f my wn.
②Nt until the last peratin was finished did Bethune leave the battle hspital.
重点句式2 with复合结构
(教材P15) as we knw，Harry Ptter became a glbal success，with ver 400 millin bks sld and translated int mre than seventy different languages.
……正如我们所知，《哈利波特》在全球获得了成功，售出了4亿多本书，并被翻译成70多种语言。
句式分析：本句中with ver 400 millin bks sld and translated int mre than seventy different languages是“with＋名词＋宾补”结构，其中bks和sld是动宾关系；bks和translated是动宾关系。
[例1] He sat there with his eyes clsed.
他闭目坐在那儿。
[例2] The thief was frced int the pst statin with his hands tied back.
贼被双手捆绑着带进了派出所。
[知识拓展]
with的复合结构主要用来说明附带情况或具体细节，在句中可作原因、方式、条件或伴随状语等，有时也可作定语。其构成形式主要有：
(1)with＋宾语＋形容词；
(2)with＋宾语＋副词；
(3)with＋宾语＋介词短语；
(4)with＋宾语＋动词的现在分词，表示动作正在进行且宾语与动词是主动关系；
(5)with＋宾语＋动词的过去分词，表示动作已经发生且宾语与动词是被动关系；
(6)with＋宾语＋动词不定式，表示动作还未发生。
[翻译]
①With the ld man leading us(有那位老人带路)，we gt t the tp f the muntain easily.
②The village is beautiful with the trees cvered with white snw(树林都披上了银装)．
③With much wrk t d(有那么多的工作要做)，he went t the factry ahead f time.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She had t walk hme with her bike stlen(steal)．
②With the crwds cheering(cheer)，they drve t the palace.
③With n ne t talk(talk)t，Jhn felt miserable.
重点句式3 祈使句＋and＋陈述句
(教材P15) Keep trying and eventually yu will read the wrds “We are delighted t infrm yu...”
继续努力，最终你会读到“我们很高兴地通知你……”
句式分析：本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式
[例1] Fllw the advice f the dctr，and yu'll be well very sn.
听从医生的建议，你很快就会好起来。
[例2] Wrk hard，and yu can make rapid prgress in yur study.
努力学习，你就能在学习上取得快速进步。
[知识拓展]
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型的三种变化形式
(1)“祈使句＋破折号＋陈述句”
(2)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”；名词词组中通常含有mre，anther，further，earlier等词。
(3)“祈使句＋r＋陈述句”；r表示“否则”“要不然的话”，r可用r else或therwise替换，从反面来预测结果。
[翻译]
①Try sme f this juice—perhaps yu'll like it(也许你会喜欢的)．
②One mre step(再多迈一步)，and the baby will fall int the well.
③Watch yur step，r else yu might fall int the water(不然你会掉进水里的)．
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①D as yu're tld，therwise yu'll be in truble.
②A few minutes earlier，and I culd have seen the famus scientist.
In fact，it is within the pages f Jane Eyre that we can find these wrds：“I hnur endurance，perseverance，industry，talent；because these are the means by which men achieve great ends...”
[分析] 本句为复合句，it is within the pages f Jane Eyre that we can find these wrds是强调句，强调状语within the pages f Jane Eyre；直接引语中because引导原因状语从句，by which引导定语从句修饰先行词means。
[译文] 事实上，正是在《简·爱》这本书里，我们可以找到这样一句话：“我尊重忍耐力、毅力、勤奋和才干；因为这些是男人实现伟大目标的手段……”
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Anther ￡500，and I culd buy a car.
2．With prices ging(g)up s fast，we can't affrd luxuries.
3．Ten years f prisn had turned him int an ld man.
4．They have nthing in cmmn with each ther in their manners.
5．We'll run int debt if yu spend mre than ur incme.
6．We are able t get the infrmatin(infrm)we need frm the Internet.
7．He said that he was delighted with the public respnse.
8．Nt until they heard that she was safe and sund were(be) their minds set at rest.
9．We guarantee t reply(reply)in full within 10 wrking days.
10．The little by gave away his hiding place when he cughed.
Ⅱ.短语填空
keep infrmed f；give up；have smething in cmmn；turn dwn；keep pace with； example
1．Take Tm fr example，many students have passed the exam.
2．I've been trying t give up smking fr getting n fr tw years nw.
3．I'll keep yu infrmed f the prgress made.
4．What I have heard has smething in cmmn with what yu have seen.
5．Little Marie turned dwn the jb at the restaurant.
6．We must keep pace with the new develpment f mdern scientific researches.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Success rarely happens vernight，but nt many knw that many famus writers have faced 1.rejectin(reject)．Fr example，J.K Rwling thught she has smething in cmmn 2.with ther famus writers when she received rejectin letters.She even spent years 3.surviving(survive) n little mney but devted all her time t 4.writing(write)(eventual)，her famus nvel，Harry Ptter，became 6.a glbal began writing in high schl.Despite rejectins，he cntinued 7.t write(write)even when he served in the army.Three sisters frm Victrian England had firm 8.perseverance(perseve)．They nce used male names t publish their wrks because wmen were nt encuraged t write.Their wrks 9.are regarded(regard)as classic f wrld talent isn't enugh t success.
教材
高考
1.When the funds are lw and the debts are high，...
(2019·天津卷)Mst f his adult life has been a lsing struggle against debt and misfrtune.
2.We regret t infrm yu...
(2018·北京卷)He later infrmed me that I was “nt athletic”.
3.S，it seems that talent alne isn't enugh t guarantee success.
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Data security measures are guaranteed.