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2021学年Unit 1 Cultural Heritage教学课件ppt
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这是一份2021学年Unit 1 Cultural Heritage教学课件ppt，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课文预习·解疑清障，语篇细研·教材精读，Ⅰ课文结构图解，to find，to build，cultural，loss，success，that，global等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
课文预习·解疑清障
[课文内容]FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS【1】Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society. There comes a time when the old[1] must give way to[2] the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future 【2】. Finding and keeping the right balance[3] between progress[4] and the protection of cultural sites 【3】 can be a big challenge. 【1】[标题赏析]“FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS”用介词短语“from...to...”把课文的两个关键信息词连接起来。以此作为课文标题的好处：一是反映文章的主要内容——提出问题和解决问题；二是体现文章的行文结构，使脉络清晰；三是设置悬念，引起读者的阅读兴趣。
【2】本句是由and连接的并列句。第一个分句是全部倒装句，主语是a time，谓语是comes，when...the new是由关系副词when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a time。第二个分句中含有“it is＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构，it是形式主语，不定式短语to preserve...our past是真正的主语。as we move towards the future是由as引导的时间状语从句。【3】此处为两个并列的v-ing短语作主语。Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to[5] great solutions. In the 1950s[6]， the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam[7] across the Nile in order to control floods[8]， produce electricity[9]， and supply water[10] to more farmers in the area. But the proposal[11] led to protests[12].
Water from the dam would likely[13] damage[14] a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to[15] the United Nations for help in 1959 【4】．【4】本句中After...near the dam是介词短语作时间状语，两个关系代词who分别引导定语从句修饰先行词the scientists和citizens，who在这两个定语从句中均作主语；had studied是过去完成时，表示该动作发生在turned to所表示的动作之前。A committee[16] was established[17] to limit[18] damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent[19] the loss[20] of cultural relics. The group asked for contributions[21] from different departments[22] and raised funds[23] within[24] the international community[25].
Experts investigated[26] the issue[27]， conducted[28] several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved. Finally, a document[29] was signed[30]， and the work began in 1960.The project brought together[31] governments and environmentalists[32] from around the world[33]. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down[34] piece by piece[35]， and then moved and put back[36] together again in a place where they were safe from the water 【5】. In 1961, German engineers moved the first temple. Over[37] the next 20 years, thousands of[38] engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless[39] cultural relics. Fifty countries donated[40] nearly $80 million to the project.【5】本句是主从复合句，主句中的第二个和第三个and连接了三个并列的谓语动词，moved和put back前省略了were；where they were safe from the water是关系副词where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a place。
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success[41]. Not only had the countries found a path to the future[42] that did not run over[43] the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow 【6】．【6】本句是由not only...but also...所连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中Not only位于句首，助动词had被提到了主语the countries之前，构成了部分倒装，其正常语序是：The countries had not only found a path...of the past。that did not...the past是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a path，that在从句中作主语；第二个分句中的that it was...a better tomorrow是宾语从句。
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme [44] that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing[45] 【7】. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.【7】此处是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO，which在从句中作主语；在该定语从句中，又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a programme，that在从句中作主语。
[词语积累][1]the old属于“the＋adj.”结构，表示一类人或物。the old(老人)/the young(年轻人)the rich(富人)/the poor(穷人)the old(旧的东西)/the new(新的东西)[2] give way to被……替代；让步/屈服于……[3] balance/'bæləns/n.平衡，均匀 vt.使平衡keep a balance between...and...保持……和……的平衡[4] progress n．[U]进步，进展make progress取得进步[5] lead to导致[6] in the 1950s在20世纪50年代
[语用]表示年代时，要在年份前面加the，年份后面加-s或-'s。如：in the 1990's在20世纪90年代。[7] dam/dæm/n.水坝；拦河坝[8] control floods防洪[9] produce electricity发电[10] supply water供水supply sth. to sb.为某人提供某物[11] proposal/prə'pəʊzl/n.提议；建议make a proposal提出建议[12] protest/'prəʊtest/n.抗议/prə'test/vi.&vt.(公开)反对；抗议
[13] likely/'laIkli/adv.可能地 adj.可能的[14] [辨析]damage/destroydamage表示“损害，损坏”，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，一般可以修复。destroy表示“破坏，毁灭”，使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复。[15] turn to向……求助(to是介词)turn to...for help向……求助[16] committee/kə'mIti/n.委员会[语用]作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
[17] establish/I'stæblIʃ/vt.建立；创立establish a committee设立一个委员会established adj.确定的；已确立的establishment n．[U]建立，创立[18] limit/'lImIt/vt.限制；限定 n．限度；限制[19] prevent/prI'vent/vt.阻止；阻碍[20] loss/lɒs/n.丧失；损失job loss失业weight loss体重减少at a loss不知所措，困惑lost adj.迷路的，迷失的be lost in全神贯注，沉浸于
[21] contribution/ˌkɒntrI'bjuːʃn/n.[C]捐款；[C]贡献；[U]捐赠，捐助ask for contributions寻求捐款[22] department/dI'pɑːtmənt/n.部；司；科the Department of the Environment环境部the personnel department人事部the English department英语系[23] fund/fʌnd/n.[C]基金，专款；[pl.]资金；[single]基金会raise funds筹集资金government funds政府资金[24] within/wI'ðIn/prep.&adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内[25] the international community国际社会
[26] investigate/In'vestIgeIt/vi.&vt.调查；研究[同义]look into调查investigation n．调查；研究[27] issue/'Iʃuː；'Isjuː/n.重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布issue a statement发表声明[28] conduct/kən'dʌkt/vt.组织，安排；实施；带领/'kɒndʌkt/n.行为；举止；管理方法conduct tests进行测试[29] document/'dɒkjumənt/n.文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt.记录；记载(详情)
[30] sign vt.签(名)，签字；打手势 n．标记；招牌；迹象；手势sign a document签署一份文件sign in签到sign out签退sign up for...＝sign up to do...报名参加……[31] bring together把……召集起来[32] environmentalist/In'vaIrən'mentəlIst/n.环境保护主义者[构词法]environment(n.环境)＋-al(形容词后缀)→environmental(adj.环境的)＋-ist(名词后缀，表示“……主义者”)→environmentalist[33] from around the world来自全世界[34] take down拆卸
[35] piece by piece一点一点地；逐渐地bit by bit/little by little逐渐地step by step逐步地[36] put back把……放回原处；使……恢复原状[37] over prep.在……期间，相当于during。[38] thousands of数以千计的，其后跟可数名词的复数形式。注意：hundred，thousand等前面有具体数字时，这些名词不用复数，后面也不用of，如：five hundred，ten thousand。[39] countless adj.无数的，数不尽的[构词法]count＋-less(形容词否定后缀，表示“不……的”)→countless
[40] donate/dəʊ'neIt/vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)donate...to...向……捐赠……[41] a great success一个巨大的成功[语用]success，failure，pleasure，honour等抽象名词指具体的一个人或一件事时，是可数名词。[42] a path to the future通向未来之路[43] run over本意为“(开车)撞倒并碾过”，这里是拟人的手法。[44] run a programme启动一个方案[45] disappear/ˌdIsə'pIə(r)/vi.消失；灭绝，消亡[构词法]dis-(否定前缀)＋appear(v.出现)→disappeardisappearance n．消失
[课文释译]从出现问题到解决方案如果我们想改善社会，经济发展是必要的。新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。在发展和文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来很好的解决方案。在20世纪50年代，埃及政府想在尼罗河上建造一座新大坝来防洪、发电并为该地区更多的农民供水。但该提案引发了不少抗议。大坝的水可能会破坏许多寺庙并摧毁一些文化遗址，这些都是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。在听取了研究该项问题的科学家和居住在大坝附近的公民的意见后，埃及政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
为了限制(修建大坝)对埃及建筑造成的破坏，防止文化遗址损失，一个委员会应运而生。委员会小组向不同部门寻求捐款，并在国际社会上筹集资金。专家调查了这个问题，进行了多次测试，然后才提出了如何保存建筑物的方案。最后，委员会签署了一份文件，1960年该工程正式启动。该项目召集了来自世界各地的政府和环境保护主义者。寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆卸下来，然后移走，并在远离水源的安全地带将它们再次拼放在一起。1961年，德国工程师迁移了第一座寺庙。在接下来的20年里，成千上万的工程师和工作人员拯救了22座寺庙和无数的文化遗产。50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8 000万美元。该项目于1980年结束，被认为是一个巨大的成功。这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
[文化采风]1．尼罗河(Nile)：又称Nile River，是世界上最长的河流，自南向北穿过撒哈拉沙漠，流贯非洲东北部，注入地中海。在尼罗河上修建的阿斯旺大坝，有灌溉、防洪、发电、运输等作用。2．联合国(United Nations)：第二次世界大战之后为维护世界和平与安全成立的国际组织，成立于1945年10月24日，总部设在纽约。当前共有193个成员国。联合国安全理事会的五大常任理事国有：美利坚合众国、俄罗斯联邦、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、法兰西共和国和中华人民共和国。
3．联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)：英文全称是United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization，成立于1945年，总部设在巴黎。中国是该组织的创始国之一。其宗旨是推动各国在教育、科学和文化方面的交流与合作，促进各国人民之间的相互了解和维护世界的和平与稳定。阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今天仍然存在。也许联合国教科文组织就是最好的示例：它启动了一个阻止世界各地的文化遗产遗址消失的方案。如果(解决)一个问题对一个国家而言似乎很困难，国际社会有时可以提供解决方案。
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅰ.课文结构图解
Ⅱ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)1．What's the main idea of the text?A．How the Egyptian government successfully solved the problem of building Aswan Dam project.B．A big challenge during building Aswan Dam project.C．How to protect the cultural relics.D．The Egyptian government turned to the UN for help when in trouble.2．Why did the Egyptian government attempt to build the building of the Aswan Dam?A．Produce electricity.B．Control floods.C．Supply water to more farmers in the area.D．All of the above.
A
D
3．How long did it take to build the Aswan Dam project in all?A．22 years. B．27 years.C．20 years. D．30 years.4．The author organised the text by ________.A．place B．timeC．relationship D．plot
C
D
Ⅲ.短文语法填空(根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文)It is a big challenge 1.________ (find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. However, big challenges can sometimes lead 2.________ great solutions. When the Egyptian government made a proposal 3.________ (build) the Aswan Dam, they were faced with various problems, including destroying an important part of Egypt's 4.________ (culture) heritage. As a result, the government turned 5.________ the United Nations for help in 1959. A committee 6._____________ (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the 7.________ (lose) of cultural relics. Finally, a document was signed and the work began in 1960. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together in a safe place.
to find
to
to build
cultural
to
was established
loss
When the project was completed, it was considered a great 8.________ (succeed)．Not only had the countries found a path to the future 9.________ did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. Therefore, if a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the 10.________ (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.
success
that
global
知识探究·讲练互动
►第一版块|核心单词 1．balance n．平衡；均衡；均匀；天平 vt.使平衡；使均衡 balanced adj.平衡的 imbalance n．不平衡(教材P4)Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。a good sense of balance 良好的平衡感balance A against B 权衡A和Bbalance A and/with B 使A和B平衡；同等重视balance (sth.) on sth. (使……)在……上保持平衡keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食the balance of nature 自然界的平衡
常见搭配：keep one's balance保持平衡lose one's balance失去平衡keep a balance between A and B保持A与B之间的平衡out of balance失去平衡in the balance悬而未决on balance总的来说
❶I struggled to keep my balance on my new skates.我穿着新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。❷Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲平衡。❸She tries to balance home life and career.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。❹According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.根据我的研究，你我两家餐馆所提供的(饮食)都不是均衡的膳食。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①While promoting economy we should keep ________ balance between development and protection.②It can be hard to find the right balance between advising your children ________ controlling them.③It is pretty important for teenagers to have a ________ (balance) diet.④Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological ____________ (balance)．⑤When he was running after his brother, the boy _______________ (失去平衡) and had a bad fall.⑥His umbrella is likely to help you _________________ (保持平衡)．⑦Many approaches have been tried to _______________________ (保持自然界的平衡)．
a
and
balanced
imbalances
lost his balance
keep your balance
keep the balance of nature
2.proposal n．提议；建议(教材P4)But the proposal led to protests.但是该提案引发了抗议。make a proposal 提建议put forward a proposal 提出建议come up with a proposal 想到一个提议draw up a proposal 起草提案approve of/accept a proposal 同意/接受提议support/back a proposal 支持提议reject a proposal 否决提议consider/discuss a proposal 考虑/讨论提议vote on a proposal 对提议进行投票
典型句式：(1)the proposal that sb. (should) do sth.proposal后接同位语从句，同位语从句用虚拟语气(should do, should可以省略)(2)sb. proposes that sb. (should) do sth.某人建议……做某事 学法点拨：propose(建议)后的宾语从句及proposal后的同位语或表语从句应使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
❶He proposed that the Chinese calligraphy should be widely promoted throughout primary school.他提议中国书法应当在小学期间广泛提倡。❷The government made a proposal to build a new dam.政府提议建一座新大坝。❸They put forward a proposal for a joint research project.他们提议进行一个合作研究项目。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①Do you approve ________ my proposal?②The sales staff came up ________ an innovative proposal.③The ________ (propose) he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting.④________ (proposal) for a new public library are under discussion.⑤In his speech he proposed that the UN _________ (set) up an emergency centre for the environment.⑥The proposal that we ____________ (send) another satellite into space is to be discussed at the meeting.⑦Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then _____________ (提出建议) to the committee.⑧He ___________ (提出) a proposal to see our English teacher in hospital with our classmates.
of
with
proposal
Proposals
(should) set
(should) send
made a proposal
put forward
3.protest n．抗议 vi.&vt.(公开)反对；抗议(教材P4)But the proposal led to protests.但是该提案引发了抗议。(a) protest (n.) against sth. 对某事的抗议protest (v.) against sth. 抗议某事(a) protest from 来自……的抗议without protest 一声不吭地❶She ignored his protests and walked away.她不顾他的反对，走开了。❷I turned off the TV, despite loud protests from the kids.尽管孩子们大声反对，我还是关掉了电视机。❸The announcement raised a storm of protest.这个声明引起了一场抗议风潮。
under protest无奈地；不服气地；不甘心地hold a protest举行抗议lead to protests导致/引发抗议a violent/an angry protest强烈抗议a mass protest大规模抗议ignore one's protests不顾某人的反对a storm of protest抗议风潮
即学即练 完成句子①People held ____________________ (对……的抗议游行) the war.②He accepted his punishment ______________ (一声不吭地)．③她无奈之下写了一封致歉信。She wrote a letter of apology but only ____________.
a protest march against
without protest
under protest
4.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地 unlikely adj.不大可能发生的(教材P4)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples...大坝泄流可能会损坏许多寺庙……(1)adj.可能的(2)adv. 可能地
❶A new committee is likely to be established to raise funds.＝It's likely that a new committee will be established to raise funds.可能会成立一个新的委员会来筹集资金。❷He said that he would likely run for President.他说他很可能竞选总统。❸People are likely to feel more relaxed in familiar surroundings.＝It is likely that people feel more relaxed in familiar surroundings.人们在熟悉的环境中很可能会感到更加放松。
句式比较：It is likely/possible/probable that...(√)It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.(√)Sb./Sth. is likely to do sth.(√)Sb./Sth. is possible/probable to do sth.(×) 提示：likely既可用人又可用物作主语；possible和probable作表语时不能用人或物作主语。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：likely/possible/probable①If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home.②It is likely ________ virtual reality will become a part of modern life in the near future.③对生活持积极态度的人更容易成功。People with a positive attitude towards life _____________________.
to bring
that
are more likely to succeed
④她更有可能被提供这个职位。It's ___________ that she will be offered the position.⑤这个项目不可能成功。The project is _________ succeed.⑥It is highly ___________________ that he will take over his father's business.⑦He is _______to make rapid progress in English because he is studying hard.
more likely
unlikely to
likely/possible/probable
likely
5.committee n．委员会(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and ...一个委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并……a committee meeting 委员会会议be on a committee 是委员会的成员join a committee 加入委员会
误区警示：committee，audience(观众)，staff(员工)等词是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。强调整体，谓语动词用单数；强调个体，谓语动词用复数。
❶The committee meets once a week.这个委员会每周开一次会。❷The committee have/has listened to all the arguments for and against the proposal.委员会听取了所有的赞成与反对这项建议的理由。❸The audience was/were mostly students.听众大部分是学生。❹The staff has done a great job this year.今年全体员工工作非常出色。
即学即练 单句语法填空①All the audience _____ women and _____ discussing the content of the play.②The staff _____ sitting at the desks and _____ reading the documents papers.③The committee all went down stairs and _____ doing a big cleaning in the yard.④40% of the committee _____ women.
are
are
are
are
were
are
6.establish vt.建立；创立(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and ...一个委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并……establish a company 建立公司establish a new research centre 建立一个新的研究中心establish relationships/links/contact with sb. 与某人建立关系或联系
易混比较：establish和set up都表示“建立，设立(公司、机构)”，但set up不如establish正式，set up是日常英语中的常用短语：open开设，开办(向公众提供服务的企业，如商店、餐馆、酒店等)；found创立(公司、学校、医院等机构，尤指为其提供资金)。
❶The company was established in 1899.这家公司成立于1899年。❷A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.狗的饮食习惯需要有规律地训练才能正确养成。❸They set up a flagpole at the center of the schoolyard.他们在校园的中央竖起了一个旗杆。❹We are going to set up an office in Shanghai.我们打算在上海设立一个办事处。❺The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.中华人民共和国成立于1949年。❻He opened a shop yesterday.他们开了个商店。
即学即练 完成句子①我想知道他为何要费心设法和我取得联系。I wondered why he should bother to try and _________________ me.②总之，我认为科技实际上使我们之间更近了，在青少年之间建立联系。In conclusion, I believe that technology actually brings us closer together and ___________________ among teens.③他的理论是建立在实验基础上的。His theory _____________ experiments.④Marx and Engels both __________ (建立) a clear standard for art and literature.⑤His reputation as a progressive writer is ______________ (被稳固地树立起来)．
establish contact with
establishes relationships
was founded on
set up
well established
7.limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n．限制(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。limit...to...(＝be limited to) 把……限制在……内limit sb. to(doing)sth. 限制某人(做)某事beyond the limit 超过限度without limits 无限制地within limits 在一定范围内；适度地
联想拓展：to the limit达到极限time/speed limit时间/速度限制set a limit to/on设定……的限度a limit on/to...对……的限制There is a/no limit to...……是有/无限度的。
❶It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.它确实指出，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是因为担心在屏幕前时间增加。❷The EU has set strict limits on levels of pollution.欧盟对污染程度作了严格的限定。❸There is no limit to what you can do if you are hard-working.你如果努力的话，成就不可估量。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①You should limit your child to ________ (play) computer games.②The car goes ________ the limit.③I'm willing to help, ___________ (适度的)．④We are doing our best with the ________ (limit) resources available.⑤There is a limit ________ what one person can tolerate.⑥Time is ________ (limit) and let's come straight to the point.
playing
beyond
within limits
limited
to
limited
⑦I've been asked ________ (limit) my speech to ten minutes maximum.⑧________________ (……是有限的) my patience.⑨The damage ____________ (限于) the roof.⑩We must ________ the composition ________ (把……限制在) 1,000 words.⑪We should ___________ (设定……的限度) what our children can do.
to limit
There is a limit to
was limited to
limit
to
set a limit to/on
8.prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。(1)“阻止某人做某事”的表达法：stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(2)“保护某人不受……伤害”的表达法：protect sb. from/against sth. 保护某人免遭某物(伤害)defend sb. from sth. 保护某人不受某物伤害Immediate steps should be taken to prevent forest fires from spreading.应当立即采取措施阻止森林大火蔓延。
常见搭配：prevent...from...阻止/不准……做某事from后面可接doing或being done作宾语，在主动语态中from可以省略 词语积累：prevention n．预防；阻止accident/crime prevention防止事故/犯罪the prevention of disease疾病的预防
误区警示：keep...from doing sth.与stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.均表示“阻止……做某事”，但以下两点需要注意：(1)keep...from doing sth.无论用于主动语态还是被动语态均不可省略from。(2)stop/prevent...from doing sth.用于主动语态时，可省略from，用于被动语态时，from不可省略。Her parents prevented/stopped her (from) going on a diet to lose weight.她的父母不让她通过节食来减肥。
即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空①We must do our best to _______ these historic sites _______________ (阻止……消失)．②The destruction of such species could prevent researchers from ________ (find) cures for certain diseases.③The processes take place to stop our brains ________ (become) loaded with memories.④This disease's control and _________ (prevent) is a challenge to China as well as the whole world.
prevent
from disappearing
finding
becoming
prevention
9.loss n．丧失；损失 lose vt.失去；丢失(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。suffer great loss 蒙受巨大的损失at a loss 不知所措a sense of loss 失落感make up for the loss 弥补损失a total loss 总损失loss of interest/confidence 失去兴趣/信心
the loss of data 数据丢失loss of memory 失忆weight loss 体重减少hearing loss 听力丧失gain and loss 得与失
词语积累：lose vt.失去lost adj.丢失的，走失的lose sth.失去某物get lost走失be lost in 陷入；全神贯注于，沉浸在be lost in thought陷入沉思
❶The museum reported the loss of a cultural relic.博物馆报告丢失了一件文物。❷I'm at a loss what to do next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱。❸When his best friend left him, he felt a sense of loss.当他最好的朋友离开他时，他感到一种失落感。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①His carelessness led to the ________ (lose) of the documents.②________ (lose) in thought, he was nearly knocked down by a running car.③They got ________ (lose) in the forest. What's worse, it began raining heavily.④I am at ________ loss what I will take up in the university.⑤汤姆一时不知怎么回答她的问题。For a moment, Tom was ________ how to respond to her question.⑥他承认了错误，并答应弥补损失。He admitted the mistake and promised to _________________.
loss
lost
a
at a loss
at a loss
make up for the loss
10．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助(教材P4)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该委员会请求各个部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。make a contribution/contributions to/towards... 为……做出贡献；向……捐款contribute...to... 为……贡献/捐献……/向……投稿contribute to 为……做出贡献；向……捐款；促成，造成；导致
词语拓展：contribute money to the flood-stricken area向洪灾区捐款contribute time to the activity把时间花在活动上contribute articles to the magazine向杂志社投稿图解助记：
❶The organisation has made great contributions to wildlife protection.这个组织为野生动植物的保护做出了巨大贡献。❷Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his return to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a press.许多人给那个贫穷的男孩捐款，这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一个关于此事的故事并把它投给了一家出版社。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①This programme could not have been successful without Ken's valuable ___________ (contribute)．②I think everyone should make a contribution to ________ (protect) the environment.③It was a real team effort—everyone contributed something ______ the success of the project.④The school sees its job as preparing students to _____________________ (为社会作贡献)．⑤Eating too much fat can ____________ (导致) heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
contribution
protecting
to
make a contribution to society
contribute to
11．within prep.&adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内 without prep. 缺乏；没有 beyond prep.超出……之外；非……所能及(教材P4)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该委员会请求各个部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。within one's reach 在某人力所能及的范围内within one's rights 在某人的权限内within one's grasp 在某人掌控的范围内within one's power 在某人能力范围内within (easy) reach (of...) 很接近，靠近within sight (of) 可以看见；在视线内within the limit of... 在……范围内within walking distance 在步行距离之内
易混比较：I will replace the dictionary in an hour.我会在一小时后把词典放回原处。in an hour一小时后You will be contacted within an hour.一小时内会有人联系您。within an hour一小时内
词语联想：beyond/out of one's reach超出某人力所能及的范围beyond/out of one's rights 超出某人的权限beyond/out of one's power超出某人的能力范围out of sight超出视力范围；看不见beyond the limit of...超出……范围beyond/out of one's control超出某人的控制范围
❶You should receive a reply within seven days.你会在七天之内收到答复。❷Is it within walking distance？那里步行走得到吗？❸Every time I get into trouble and turn to James, he'll do everything within his power to help me out.每次我遇到麻烦去找詹姆斯，他都会尽其所能帮助我。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①I truly believe that beauty comes from ________ (内心)．②The beach is ________ walking distance of my house and we can hear the sound of the sea.③I don't think it is ________ your power to carry on the research.④The noise seems to be coming from _______________ (在建筑物里面)．⑤我够不着把手。The handle was _________________.⑥我们已无法控制这一局面。The situation is _________________.
within
within
within
within the building
beyond my reach
beyond our control
12.issue n．重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布(教材P4)Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests...专家们经过调查研究，多次试验……settle an issue 解决一个问题discuss/debate an issue 讨论问题raise an issue/bring up an issue 提出问题deal with an issue 处理问题
词语拓展：face/avoid an issue面对/回避问题a political/a social/an economic issue政治/社会/经济问题a key/major/big issue关键/重要/大问题a range of issues一系列问题issue a statement发表声明
❶They met to discuss the issue of working conditions at the factory.他们在工厂里见面讨论工作条件的问题。❷The committee met several times to discuss this important issue.委员会见了好几次面来讨论这一重要问题。❸A range of issues were debated at the meeting.会议就一系列问题进行了讨论。
即学即练 单句语法填空①Some important ________ (issue) were raised at the meeting.②They discussed a number of political ________ (issue)．③The Chinese government ________ (issue) an official statement ________ China resolutely opposes hegemonism and power politics and compats the policies of war, agression and expansion.
issues
issues
issued
that
13.conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt.组织；安排；带领；举止；表示；指挥 conductor n．指挥；售票员；列车长(教材P4)Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests...专家们经过调查研究，多次试验……conduct an orchestra/a choir 指挥管弦乐队/合唱团conduct a survey/an experiment/an interview 进行调查/实验/采访conduct sb. into/around... 领某人进入/参观……conduct oneself well/badly 举止(表现)好/差
归纳拓展：improper/violent conduct不恰当的/暴力的行为opera/orchestra/symphony conductor歌剧/管弦乐队/交响乐指挥a bus conductor公共汽车售票员
❶The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.导游带领我们参观了这座古城的遗迹。❷The way he conducts himself reflects on the family.他的行为方式折射出他的家庭。❸He was fired from the company due to his improper conduct.他因为行为不当被公司开除。
即学即练 单句语法填空①Experiments of this kind ________________ (conduct) in both the U．S. and Europe well before the Second World War.②To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study _________ (conduct) in Australia in 2012.③He conducted ________ (him) far better than expected.④Dennis had recently begun a successful career __________ (conduct) opera.
had been conducted
conducted
himself
conducting
14.donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血) donate...to...向……捐赠…… donation n．捐赠物；捐赠；赠送(教材P4)Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project.50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8千万美元。donate sth. to sb./sth. 向某人/某机构捐赠某物donate money to a worthy cause 为崇高的事业捐款donate some money to help the people in need 捐一些钱来帮助困境中的人donate blood 献血
词语拓展：organ donation 器官捐献a generous donation 慷慨捐赠make a donation/donations to 向……捐赠❶What we could do is donate some money to the earthquake-stricken area.我们能做的就是向地震灾区捐一些钱。❷He made a donation of $5,000 to the Children's Hospital last year.他去年捐了五千美元给儿童医院。
即学即练 单句语法填空①At the news, many people all over the world donated their money ________ those tsunami-hit (被海啸袭击的) areas.②He made a generous ________ (donate) to the charity.③If possible, we can donate money ________ the committee.④The centre was bought with money ________ (donate) by former Beatle, George Harrison.
to
donation
to
donated
15.disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡 disappearance n．消失(教材P4)Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.也许教科文组织就是最好的例子。它执行一项防止世界文化遗产消失的计划。disappear from view/sight 从视线中消失disappear behind/into... 消失在……后/中
词汇拓展：dis-是否定前缀：like v．→dislike v．不喜欢agree v→disagree v．不同意honest adj.→dishonest adj.不诚实的
即学即练 单句语法填空①By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared ________ the Yellowstone area.②The ______________ (disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results.③I don't believe what he said because he is ________ (honesty)．④The car ran out of the village, and disappeared ________ the dark of night.
from
disappearance
dishonest
into
16.attempt n．&vt.企图；试图；尝试 attempted adj.未遂的，企图的(置于名词前作定语)(教材P5)Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam?为什么埃及政府想要建造大坝？attempt to do sth.＝try to do sth.＝make an attempt to do sth./at doing sth. 企图/试图做某事at one's first attempt 在某人第一次尝试时in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
❶They made an attempt to recover the lost cultural relics.他们尝试找回丢失的文物。❷I passed my driving test at the first attempt.我考驾照一次就通过了。❸He attempted to overcome his drinking problem.他努力克服自身酗酒的问题。
归纳拓展：attempted murder谋杀未遂attempted crime犯罪未遂a hopeless attempt没有成功希望的努力attempt a rescue设法实施营救
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①He tried hard to practise and attempted ________ (pass) the driving test.②Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt ________ (control) the world they lived in, through agriculture.③I ______________________ (试图说服她), but I failed.④I would be the last _________________ (尝试回答) the question.⑤Mike has been preparing carefully for his Chinese examination so that he could be sure of passing it ________________ (在第一次尝试时)．
to pass
to control
attempted to persuade her
to attempt to answer
at the first attempt
17.worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的(教材P5)A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile？(人们)花了很多钱来保护寺庙。你觉得值得吗？be worth＋n./pron./doing 做某事是值得的be worthy to be done/of being done/of sth. 做某事是值得的be (well) worth reading/seeing/visiting (非常)值得读/看/参观be worthy to be visited/be worthy of being visited 值得参观❶It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.做某事是值得的。❷It is worthwhile spending/to spend money on setting up shelters for homeless animals.为流浪的动物花钱建收容所是值得的。
误区警示：(1)worth只能作表语，而worthy和worthwhile除作表语之外还可作定语。a worthwhile job一项有意义的工作a worthy cause一项崇高的事业(2)比较：worth, worthy, worthwhile用法：表做某事是值得的①It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.②(sth.) be worth＋n./pron./doing
③(sth.) be worth doing某事值得被做，用主动形式表示被动意义④(sth.) be worthy to be done/of being done/of sth.如：His courage is worthy of praise.他的勇气值得表扬。(3)(sth.) be (well) worth reading/seeing/visiting(某物)(非常)值得读/看/参观(sth.) be worth a visit/worthy to be visited/worthy of being visited(某物)值得参观
即学即练 完成句子/辨析填空：worth/worthwhile/worthy①When you stand on the top of the mountain and overlook the surrounding scenery, you'll find ___________________________ (爬……是值得的) it up with effort.②教学是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。Teaching is a _________ cause and ________ our effort.③Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was ________ it in the end.④Chimps' behaviour is ________ of being studied.⑤As we all know, it is _________ to preserve cultural relics and historic sites.
it (is) worthwhile climbing/to climb
worthwhile
worthy of
worth
worthy
worthwhile
►第二版块|重要短语1．give way to让步；屈服(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new...新旧更替的时代已经到来……give way to sb. 给某人让路；对某人让步(屈服)give way to sth. 为某事让路give in 让步，屈服，投降；呈上，交上give in to... 向……屈服❶If you identify your way, the world is going to give way to you.如果你认清了自己的道路，这个世界就会给你让路。❷The storm gave way to bright sunshine.暴风雨过后阳光灿烂。
归纳拓展：give up doing sth.放弃做某事give away泄露；赠送，分发give back归还；使恢复give out用完，耗尽；分发，散发give off发出，放出(光、热、气味等)
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①Would you please give way ________ other passengers?②The children were required to give ________ their examination papers straight away.③If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ________ during the day.④He should ____________ (让位于) a younger, more decisive leader.⑤他假装很镇静，但他的声音使他露馅了。He pretended to be calm. But his voice _______ him ________.⑥一个月后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。After a month their food supplies __________.
to
in
away
give way to
gave
away
gave out
2.lead to导致，造成(后果)；通向，通往(教材P4)Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions.然而，巨大的挑战有时候会带来伟大的解决方案。lead to the traffic accident 导致这场交通事故lead to the top of the hill 通往山顶lead to health problems 导致健康问题lead to the traffic accident 导致这场交通事故the road leading to the parking lot 通向停车场的路lead sb. to (sth.) 使某人得出(观点)；引导某人……❶What led you to this conclusion？你是如何得出这个结论的？❷Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。❸All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
学法点拨：lead to中的to为介词，后加名词或动名词作宾语。“导致，引起”的多种表达：result in；bring about；contribute to。Does drinking polluted water contribute to the disease?饮用被污染的水会导致这种疾病吗？
即学即练 写出lead to在句中的含义/完成句子①Some people fear that air pollution may lead to changes in the climate around the world.________②Which door leads to the yard？________③War never settles anything. It only _______________ (导致暴力)．④It doesn't matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads ______________ (通向公园)．
导致
通向
leads to violence
lead to the park
3.a number of许多，大量(教材P4)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples ...来自大坝的水可能会毁坏许多寺庙……易混点分析：“a number of＋可数名词复数”意为“许多……”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋可数名词复数”意为“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：A number of students are from the countryside.The number of students from the city is small.
误区警示：a large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语large amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语(large) quantities of＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋复数谓语 ＋
[归纳拓展] “许多，大量”的表达还有：The new management intends to institute a number of changes.新任管理层打算实行一些改革。
即学即练 单句语法填空①A number of people ________ been coming to my bookstore for Mo Yan's books over and over again since he won the Nobel Prize.②Over the years, there ________ (be) a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.③The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ___________ (remain) around that level since.④A large amount of money ________ been invested to promote the traffic conditions of this city.⑤When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large _________ (quantity) of lead.
have
have been
has remained
has
quantities
4.turn to向……求助；致力于；翻到；转向(to是介词)(教材P4)．..the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.……埃及政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)turn off 关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)turn up 调高(音量等)；出现
❶She has nobody she can turn to.她求助无门。❷Open your book and turn to Page 236.打开书，翻到236页。❸Let's now turn to our primary problem.让我们现在转到我们的主要问题上。❹Go straight, turn to the left and you'll find the post office.直走，向左转，你就会找到邮局。
归纳拓展：turn down调低；拒绝turn in上交；交还turn into变成turn out结果是，证明是turn over翻转；移交语境助记：“I'm thirsty，”she said, turning on the tap.“我渴了。”她说着，打开了水龙头。If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep.你若翻个身，也许入睡容易些。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①With no one to turn ________ in such a frightening situation, the girl felt helpless.②The road conditions there turned ________ to be very good, which was more than we could expect.③Tom had to turn ________ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.④You must turn ________ your pass when you leave the building.⑤About this issue, the citizens __________ (向……寻求帮助) the government.⑥This organisation is now __________________________ (致力于提高空气质量)．
to
out
down
in
turned to
turning to improving air quality
5.make sure确保；设法保证；查明，弄清楚(教材P5)We must protect the temples and make sure that no damage is done.我们必须保护寺庙，确保不造成任何破坏。 确保……；弄清楚…… 一定会做某事；某事肯定会发生be sure to do sth. (说话者对主语的判断或需求)一定会做某事；务必要做某事
❶We have to set down rules to make sure that the children are taken good care of.我们不得不制订规则来确保孩子们得到很好的照顾。❷He is sure of success.他自信能成功。❸He is sure to succeed.他一定能成功。
误区警示：make sure的主语是人，而be sure的主语可以是人也可以是事物。It is sure that...(×)(sure不能用it作形式主语)It is certain that...(√)Sb./Sth. is sure that...(√)Sb./Sth. is certain that...(√)
即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空①The department is established to _______________ (确保) everything goes well.②You'd better make sure ________ the exact time of the arriving train.③She is not sure ________ his getting his diploma.
make sure (that)
of
of
►第三版块|典型句式 1.There comes a time when...……的时代已经到来。(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new...新旧更替的时代已经到来……[句式分析] There comes...是there be句型的变体；There comes a time...表示“……的时代到来了”。(1)结构：There＋不及物动词(多为状态动词)(2)常见的有：There follow(s)/live(s)/stand(s)/exist(s)/remain(s)．..随后……/住着……/有……/存在……/还有……(3)there be句型为完全倒装句式，在使用时注意根据句子的主语确定谓语动词的形式。
❶In the distance there stands the world-famous building.远处矗立着那座世界闻名的建筑。❷There exist different opinions on the question.关于这个问题存在着不同的意见。❸There appear to be some mistakes in your composition.看来你的作文中有几处错误。
知识拓展：(1)a time when...意为“一段……的时间”。其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time，when是关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。注意：该结构中time前的冠词a不能省略(2)This/That/It is/was a time when...这/那/它是一个……的时期。when引导定语从句，修饰a time(3)There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……There was a time when I was getting along badly with my classmates.曾经有一段时间我和同班同学相处得不好。
即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空①很久以前森林里住着一位老人。________________ an old man in the forest long ago.②山顶上有一座庙。________________ a temple on the top of the mountain.③对这个问题曾经存在不同的看法。________________ different opinions on the problem.④互联网在我们的生活中扮演一个重要角色的时代来了。________________ when the Internet plays an important part in our life.⑤There was a time ________ I was crazy about outdoor activities.⑥That was a time ________ the blind couldn't get much education.
There lived
There stands
There existed
There comes a time
when
when
2.not only...but (also)．..不仅……而且……(教材P4)Not only had the countries found a path to...but they had also learnt that...这些国家不仅找到了一条……之路，而且明白了……[句式分析] (1)not only...but (also)．..连接两个分句且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句要用部分倒装语序，但but (also)后的分句不倒装，即“前倒后不倒”。(2)“Not only A but (also)B＋谓语动词＋其他．”中谓语动词的单复数由B决定，即遵循“就近原则”。
❶Not only can Mary speak French, but she also knows how to type.玛丽不但会说法语．而且还会打(法语)字。❷Not only you but also Jim is to blame for this.这件事不但怪你也怪吉姆。学法点拨：类似not only... but (also)．..连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”的结构还有：neither...nor..., either... or..., not...but等。
即学即练 单句语法填空/句型转换①Not only students but also the teacher ___________ (compete) in the sports event at the moment.②Either you or one of your students ________ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.③Not only my sister but also my parents ________ (like) this TV play.④The nurses want a pay increase, and they want reduced hours. (改为倒装句)→_________________________________, but they want reduced hours.
is competing
is
like
Not only do the nurses want a pay increase
3.It is possible to do...做……是有可能的。(教材P4)．..but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.……而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。[句式分析] It is possible for sb. to do sth.She is likely to pass the exam.＝It is possible for her to pass the exam.＝It is likely/possible/probable that she will pass the exam.她有可能通过这次考试。
易混比较：likely，possible，probable可能性大小：probable>likely>possibleSb./Sth. be possible to do sth.(×)Sb./Sth. be probable to do sth.(×)Sb./Sth. be likely to do sth.(√)It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.(√)It is likely/possible/probable that...(√)possible和probable不能用人作主语，likely既可用人又可用物作主语
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①With the help of the computer, ________ is possible for people to work at home.②A great decline in young work force is likely ________ (occur) in China, for instance.③如果你一大早就精力充沛地锻炼，你将更有可能一整天坚持选择健康的食物。If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be __________ to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.④虽然他可能对这些书了解得很少，但它们引导他研究古典绘画。While ____________ he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.
it
to occur
more likely
it is likely that
4.suggest that...建议……(教材P5)Before she ended her speech, the scientist suggested that we need to establish a committee of experts...在结束演讲之前，这位科学家建议我们需要成立一个专家委员会……[句式分析] suggest表“建议”后接that从句时，从句中谓语用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。I suggest that you begin from Beijing, and I'll show you around.我建议你从北京开始(你的旅行)，我会带你四处看看。
❶Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.了解到你对中国文化的浓厚兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。❷Her pale face suggested that she was seriously uncomfortable, so her parents suggested that she (should) go to see the doctor.她苍白的脸色表明她非常不舒服，因此她父母建议她去看医生。注意：第一个suggest意为“显示，表明”，其后的宾语从句用真实语气；第二个suggest意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
知识链接：有此用法(虚拟语气)的动词还有：坚持：insist命令：order, command建议：advise, propose, recommend要求：request, require, demand, urge等。The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised。工人们要求提高他们的工资。
即学即练 单句语法填空①His face suggested that he ________ (be) angry and I suggest that you ____________ (make) apology to him.②My parents advise that I ______________ (not watch) too much TV.③The boy insisted that he ____________ (not break) the window and (insisted) that the teacher ______________ (apologise) to him.
was
(should) make
(should) not watch
had not broken
(should) apologise
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The driver ________ (试图) to limit the speed, but failed.2．We must do our best to prevent these historic sites from ___________ (消失)．3．If possible, we can ________ (捐赠) money to the committee.4．As we all know, it is _____________ (值得做的) to preserve cultural relics and historic sites.5．Water from the dam would ________ (可能) damage a number of temples.
attempted
disappearing
donate
worthwhile
likely
6．This umbrella is likely to help you keep your ________ (平衡)．7．The chairman made a ________ (建议) to the committee.8．Most people made a ________ (抗议) against the conducts of the organisation.9．His careless conduct led to the ________ (丢失) of the documents.10．This department is established to __________ (调查) the matter.
balance
proposal
protest
loss
investigate
Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．We need to establish a committee to investigate the cultural heritage and prevent it from ____________ (harm)．2．________ was worthwhile to spend much money protecting the temples.3．But the proposal would likely lead to a lot of ________ (protest)．4．About this issue, the citizens turned to the government ________ help.5．When the project ended in 1980, it was considered ________ great success.
being harmed
It
protests
for
a
6．They asked for ___________ (contribute) from different departments and raised funds within the international community.7．________ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural heritage sites can be a big challenge.8．Water from the dam were likely ________ (damage) these temples.9．A committee was _________ (establish) to limit damage and prevent the loss of cultural relics.10．Finally, a document __________ (sign), and the work began in 1960.
contributions
Keeping
to damage
established
was signed
Ⅲ.短语填空give way to， keep balance， make a proposal， turn to， prevent... from...， donate... to...， make sure， make a contribution to， lead to， be connected to1．The citizens made a protest, and the government ________ the United Nations for help.2．As a result, fifty countries ________ nearly $80 million ________ the project.3．Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then _____________ to the committee.
turned to
donated
to
made a proposal
4．This programme aims to __________ world cultural heritage sites around the world _________ disappearing.5．Cultural relics protection should __________________ economic development.6．The department is established to ________ that everything goes well.7．Their conducts have ________ the loss of some cultural relics.8．While promoting economy, we should _____________ between development and protection.9．There comes a time when the old must _________ the new.10．Everyone should ___________________ the protection of cultural relics.
prevent
from
be connected to
make sure
led to
keep balance
give way to
make a contribution to
Ⅳ.短文填空(用本单元所学的词语填空)In order to 1.________ (促进) tourism in this area and 2.__________ (保持平衡) between development and protection, the Cultural 3.________ (遗产) Protection 4.________ (委员会) has 5._________ (设立) a special 6.__________ (部门). The department aims to 7._________ (调查) the condition of local cultural 8.________ (遗迹), 9.____________ (提出建议) to the committee, and 10.________ (开展) protection activities, 11.__________ (确保) that all the cultural relics are well 12.________ (保护). They 13.________ (试图) to raise 14.________ (资金), call for 15.___________ (贡献) to the protection of cultural heritage. With major 16.________ (问题), they are 17.________ (可能) to 18.________ (寻求帮助) local governments for help.
promote
keep balance
Heritage
Committee
established
department
investigate
relics
make proposals
conduct
making sure
preserved
attempt
funds
contributions
issues
likely
turn to
To 19.________ (防止) the 20.________ (流失) of cultural relics, every one of us should 21.__________ (参加) the preservation activity. For example, there is a 22.________ (寺庙) on the 23.________ (山), which shows the 24.________ (创造性的) design of ancient people. We must 25.________ (防止) it from 26.__________ (消失). If possible, we can 27.________ (捐款) money to the 28.________ (委员会). Where there are cultural relics, construction must be 29.________ (限制) and 30.________ (让路) them. We make a 31.________ (抗议) against any 32.________ (行为) of destroying cultural relics and can't 33.________ (原谅) it. It is 34._________ (值得的) for us to do so. It is believed that great changes will take place 35.________ (在……内) a few years.
prevent
loss
take part in
temple
mount
creative
prevent
disappearing
donate
committee
limited
give way to
protest
conduct
forgive
worthwhile
within
Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking
课文预习·解疑清障
[课文内容]FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS【1】Economic development is necessary if we want to improve society. There comes a time when the old[1] must give way to[2] the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future 【2】. Finding and keeping the right balance[3] between progress[4] and the protection of cultural sites 【3】 can be a big challenge. 【1】[标题赏析]“FROM PROBLEMS TO SOLUTIONS”用介词短语“from...to...”把课文的两个关键信息词连接起来。以此作为课文标题的好处：一是反映文章的主要内容——提出问题和解决问题；二是体现文章的行文结构，使脉络清晰；三是设置悬念，引起读者的阅读兴趣。
【2】本句是由and连接的并列句。第一个分句是全部倒装句，主语是a time，谓语是comes，when...the new是由关系副词when引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a time。第二个分句中含有“it is＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构，it是形式主语，不定式短语to preserve...our past是真正的主语。as we move towards the future是由as引导的时间状语从句。【3】此处为两个并列的v-ing短语作主语。Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to[5] great solutions. In the 1950s[6]， the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam[7] across the Nile in order to control floods[8]， produce electricity[9]， and supply water[10] to more farmers in the area. But the proposal[11] led to protests[12].
Water from the dam would likely[13] damage[14] a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to[15] the United Nations for help in 1959 【4】．【4】本句中After...near the dam是介词短语作时间状语，两个关系代词who分别引导定语从句修饰先行词the scientists和citizens，who在这两个定语从句中均作主语；had studied是过去完成时，表示该动作发生在turned to所表示的动作之前。A committee[16] was established[17] to limit[18] damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent[19] the loss[20] of cultural relics. The group asked for contributions[21] from different departments[22] and raised funds[23] within[24] the international community[25].
Experts investigated[26] the issue[27]， conducted[28] several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved. Finally, a document[29] was signed[30]， and the work began in 1960.The project brought together[31] governments and environmentalists[32] from around the world[33]. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down[34] piece by piece[35]， and then moved and put back[36] together again in a place where they were safe from the water 【5】. In 1961, German engineers moved the first temple. Over[37] the next 20 years, thousands of[38] engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless[39] cultural relics. Fifty countries donated[40] nearly $80 million to the project.【5】本句是主从复合句，主句中的第二个和第三个and连接了三个并列的谓语动词，moved和put back前省略了were；where they were safe from the water是关系副词where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a place。
When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success[41]. Not only had the countries found a path to the future[42] that did not run over[43] the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow 【6】．【6】本句是由not only...but also...所连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中Not only位于句首，助动词had被提到了主语the countries之前，构成了部分倒装，其正常语序是：The countries had not only found a path...of the past。that did not...the past是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a path，that在从句中作主语；第二个分句中的that it was...a better tomorrow是宾语从句。
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme [44] that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing[45] 【7】. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.【7】此处是由which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词UNESCO，which在从句中作主语；在该定语从句中，又包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a programme，that在从句中作主语。
[词语积累][1]the old属于“the＋adj.”结构，表示一类人或物。the old(老人)/the young(年轻人)the rich(富人)/the poor(穷人)the old(旧的东西)/the new(新的东西)[2] give way to被……替代；让步/屈服于……[3] balance/'bæləns/n.平衡，均匀 vt.使平衡keep a balance between...and...保持……和……的平衡[4] progress n．[U]进步，进展make progress取得进步[5] lead to导致[6] in the 1950s在20世纪50年代
[语用]表示年代时，要在年份前面加the，年份后面加-s或-'s。如：in the 1990's在20世纪90年代。[7] dam/dæm/n.水坝；拦河坝[8] control floods防洪[9] produce electricity发电[10] supply water供水supply sth. to sb.为某人提供某物[11] proposal/prə'pəʊzl/n.提议；建议make a proposal提出建议[12] protest/'prəʊtest/n.抗议/prə'test/vi.&vt.(公开)反对；抗议
[13] likely/'laIkli/adv.可能地 adj.可能的[14] [辨析]damage/destroydamage表示“损害，损坏”，主要指对价值和功能的破坏，一般可以修复。destroy表示“破坏，毁灭”，使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复。[15] turn to向……求助(to是介词)turn to...for help向……求助[16] committee/kə'mIti/n.委员会[语用]作主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若强调成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
[17] establish/I'stæblIʃ/vt.建立；创立establish a committee设立一个委员会established adj.确定的；已确立的establishment n．[U]建立，创立[18] limit/'lImIt/vt.限制；限定 n．限度；限制[19] prevent/prI'vent/vt.阻止；阻碍[20] loss/lɒs/n.丧失；损失job loss失业weight loss体重减少at a loss不知所措，困惑lost adj.迷路的，迷失的be lost in全神贯注，沉浸于
[21] contribution/ˌkɒntrI'bjuːʃn/n.[C]捐款；[C]贡献；[U]捐赠，捐助ask for contributions寻求捐款[22] department/dI'pɑːtmənt/n.部；司；科the Department of the Environment环境部the personnel department人事部the English department英语系[23] fund/fʌnd/n.[C]基金，专款；[pl.]资金；[single]基金会raise funds筹集资金government funds政府资金[24] within/wI'ðIn/prep.&adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内[25] the international community国际社会
[26] investigate/In'vestIgeIt/vi.&vt.调查；研究[同义]look into调查investigation n．调查；研究[27] issue/'Iʃuː；'Isjuː/n.重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布issue a statement发表声明[28] conduct/kən'dʌkt/vt.组织，安排；实施；带领/'kɒndʌkt/n.行为；举止；管理方法conduct tests进行测试[29] document/'dɒkjumənt/n.文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt.记录；记载(详情)
[30] sign vt.签(名)，签字；打手势 n．标记；招牌；迹象；手势sign a document签署一份文件sign in签到sign out签退sign up for...＝sign up to do...报名参加……[31] bring together把……召集起来[32] environmentalist/In'vaIrən'mentəlIst/n.环境保护主义者[构词法]environment(n.环境)＋-al(形容词后缀)→environmental(adj.环境的)＋-ist(名词后缀，表示“……主义者”)→environmentalist[33] from around the world来自全世界[34] take down拆卸
[35] piece by piece一点一点地；逐渐地bit by bit/little by little逐渐地step by step逐步地[36] put back把……放回原处；使……恢复原状[37] over prep.在……期间，相当于during。[38] thousands of数以千计的，其后跟可数名词的复数形式。注意：hundred，thousand等前面有具体数字时，这些名词不用复数，后面也不用of，如：five hundred，ten thousand。[39] countless adj.无数的，数不尽的[构词法]count＋-less(形容词否定后缀，表示“不……的”)→countless
[40] donate/dəʊ'neIt/vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)donate...to...向……捐赠……[41] a great success一个巨大的成功[语用]success，failure，pleasure，honour等抽象名词指具体的一个人或一件事时，是可数名词。[42] a path to the future通向未来之路[43] run over本意为“(开车)撞倒并碾过”，这里是拟人的手法。[44] run a programme启动一个方案[45] disappear/ˌdIsə'pIə(r)/vi.消失；灭绝，消亡[构词法]dis-(否定前缀)＋appear(v.出现)→disappeardisappearance n．消失
[课文释译]从出现问题到解决方案如果我们想改善社会，经济发展是必要的。新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。在发展和文化遗址保护之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来很好的解决方案。在20世纪50年代，埃及政府想在尼罗河上建造一座新大坝来防洪、发电并为该地区更多的农民供水。但该提案引发了不少抗议。大坝的水可能会破坏许多寺庙并摧毁一些文化遗址，这些都是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。在听取了研究该项问题的科学家和居住在大坝附近的公民的意见后，埃及政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。
为了限制(修建大坝)对埃及建筑造成的破坏，防止文化遗址损失，一个委员会应运而生。委员会小组向不同部门寻求捐款，并在国际社会上筹集资金。专家调查了这个问题，进行了多次测试，然后才提出了如何保存建筑物的方案。最后，委员会签署了一份文件，1960年该工程正式启动。该项目召集了来自世界各地的政府和环境保护主义者。寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆卸下来，然后移走，并在远离水源的安全地带将它们再次拼放在一起。1961年，德国工程师迁移了第一座寺庙。在接下来的20年里，成千上万的工程师和工作人员拯救了22座寺庙和无数的文化遗产。50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8 000万美元。该项目于1980年结束，被认为是一个巨大的成功。这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
[文化采风]1．尼罗河(Nile)：又称Nile River，是世界上最长的河流，自南向北穿过撒哈拉沙漠，流贯非洲东北部，注入地中海。在尼罗河上修建的阿斯旺大坝，有灌溉、防洪、发电、运输等作用。2．联合国(United Nations)：第二次世界大战之后为维护世界和平与安全成立的国际组织，成立于1945年10月24日，总部设在纽约。当前共有193个成员国。联合国安全理事会的五大常任理事国有：美利坚合众国、俄罗斯联邦、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国、法兰西共和国和中华人民共和国。
3．联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)：英文全称是United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization，成立于1945年，总部设在巴黎。中国是该组织的创始国之一。其宗旨是推动各国在教育、科学和文化方面的交流与合作，促进各国人民之间的相互了解和维护世界的和平与稳定。阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今天仍然存在。也许联合国教科文组织就是最好的示例：它启动了一个阻止世界各地的文化遗产遗址消失的方案。如果(解决)一个问题对一个国家而言似乎很困难，国际社会有时可以提供解决方案。
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅰ.课文结构图解
Ⅱ.阅读理解(根据课文内容选择正确答案)1．What's the main idea of the text?A．How the Egyptian government successfully solved the problem of building Aswan Dam project.B．A big challenge during building Aswan Dam project.C．How to protect the cultural relics.D．The Egyptian government turned to the UN for help when in trouble.2．Why did the Egyptian government attempt to build the building of the Aswan Dam?A．Produce electricity.B．Control floods.C．Supply water to more farmers in the area.D．All of the above.
A
D
3．How long did it take to build the Aswan Dam project in all?A．22 years. B．27 years.C．20 years. D．30 years.4．The author organised the text by ________.A．place B．timeC．relationship D．plot
C
D
Ⅲ.短文语法填空(根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文)It is a big challenge 1.________ (find) and keep the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites. However, big challenges can sometimes lead 2.________ great solutions. When the Egyptian government made a proposal 3.________ (build) the Aswan Dam, they were faced with various problems, including destroying an important part of Egypt's 4.________ (culture) heritage. As a result, the government turned 5.________ the United Nations for help in 1959. A committee 6._____________ (establish) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the 7.________ (lose) of cultural relics. Finally, a document was signed and the work began in 1960. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together in a safe place.
to find
to
to build
cultural
to
was established
loss
When the project was completed, it was considered a great 8.________ (succeed)．Not only had the countries found a path to the future 9.________ did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. Therefore, if a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the 10.________ (globe) community can sometimes provide a solution.
success
that
global
知识探究·讲练互动
►第一版块|核心单词 1．balance n．平衡；均衡；均匀；天平 vt.使平衡；使均衡 balanced adj.平衡的 imbalance n．不平衡(教材P4)Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。a good sense of balance 良好的平衡感balance A against B 权衡A和Bbalance A and/with B 使A和B平衡；同等重视balance (sth.) on sth. (使……)在……上保持平衡keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食the balance of nature 自然界的平衡
常见搭配：keep one's balance保持平衡lose one's balance失去平衡keep a balance between A and B保持A与B之间的平衡out of balance失去平衡in the balance悬而未决on balance总的来说
❶I struggled to keep my balance on my new skates.我穿着新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。❷Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲平衡。❸She tries to balance home life and career.她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。❹According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.根据我的研究，你我两家餐馆所提供的(饮食)都不是均衡的膳食。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①While promoting economy we should keep ________ balance between development and protection.②It can be hard to find the right balance between advising your children ________ controlling them.③It is pretty important for teenagers to have a ________ (balance) diet.④Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological ____________ (balance)．⑤When he was running after his brother, the boy _______________ (失去平衡) and had a bad fall.⑥His umbrella is likely to help you _________________ (保持平衡)．⑦Many approaches have been tried to _______________________ (保持自然界的平衡)．
a
and
balanced
imbalances
lost his balance
keep your balance
keep the balance of nature
2.proposal n．提议；建议(教材P4)But the proposal led to protests.但是该提案引发了抗议。make a proposal 提建议put forward a proposal 提出建议come up with a proposal 想到一个提议draw up a proposal 起草提案approve of/accept a proposal 同意/接受提议support/back a proposal 支持提议reject a proposal 否决提议consider/discuss a proposal 考虑/讨论提议vote on a proposal 对提议进行投票
典型句式：(1)the proposal that sb. (should) do sth.proposal后接同位语从句，同位语从句用虚拟语气(should do, should可以省略)(2)sb. proposes that sb. (should) do sth.某人建议……做某事 学法点拨：propose(建议)后的宾语从句及proposal后的同位语或表语从句应使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
❶He proposed that the Chinese calligraphy should be widely promoted throughout primary school.他提议中国书法应当在小学期间广泛提倡。❷The government made a proposal to build a new dam.政府提议建一座新大坝。❸They put forward a proposal for a joint research project.他们提议进行一个合作研究项目。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①Do you approve ________ my proposal?②The sales staff came up ________ an innovative proposal.③The ________ (propose) he put forward is to be discussed at the meeting.④________ (proposal) for a new public library are under discussion.⑤In his speech he proposed that the UN _________ (set) up an emergency centre for the environment.⑥The proposal that we ____________ (send) another satellite into space is to be discussed at the meeting.⑦Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then _____________ (提出建议) to the committee.⑧He ___________ (提出) a proposal to see our English teacher in hospital with our classmates.
of
with
proposal
Proposals
(should) set
(should) send
made a proposal
put forward
3.protest n．抗议 vi.&vt.(公开)反对；抗议(教材P4)But the proposal led to protests.但是该提案引发了抗议。(a) protest (n.) against sth. 对某事的抗议protest (v.) against sth. 抗议某事(a) protest from 来自……的抗议without protest 一声不吭地❶She ignored his protests and walked away.她不顾他的反对，走开了。❷I turned off the TV, despite loud protests from the kids.尽管孩子们大声反对，我还是关掉了电视机。❸The announcement raised a storm of protest.这个声明引起了一场抗议风潮。
under protest无奈地；不服气地；不甘心地hold a protest举行抗议lead to protests导致/引发抗议a violent/an angry protest强烈抗议a mass protest大规模抗议ignore one's protests不顾某人的反对a storm of protest抗议风潮
即学即练 完成句子①People held ____________________ (对……的抗议游行) the war.②He accepted his punishment ______________ (一声不吭地)．③她无奈之下写了一封致歉信。She wrote a letter of apology but only ____________.
a protest march against
without protest
under protest
4.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地 unlikely adj.不大可能发生的(教材P4)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples...大坝泄流可能会损坏许多寺庙……(1)adj.可能的(2)adv. 可能地
❶A new committee is likely to be established to raise funds.＝It's likely that a new committee will be established to raise funds.可能会成立一个新的委员会来筹集资金。❷He said that he would likely run for President.他说他很可能竞选总统。❸People are likely to feel more relaxed in familiar surroundings.＝It is likely that people feel more relaxed in familiar surroundings.人们在熟悉的环境中很可能会感到更加放松。
句式比较：It is likely/possible/probable that...(√)It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.(√)Sb./Sth. is likely to do sth.(√)Sb./Sth. is possible/probable to do sth.(×) 提示：likely既可用人又可用物作主语；possible和probable作表语时不能用人或物作主语。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子/辨析填空：likely/possible/probable①If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you'll be less likely ________ (bring) your work home.②It is likely ________ virtual reality will become a part of modern life in the near future.③对生活持积极态度的人更容易成功。People with a positive attitude towards life _____________________.
to bring
that
are more likely to succeed
④她更有可能被提供这个职位。It's ___________ that she will be offered the position.⑤这个项目不可能成功。The project is _________ succeed.⑥It is highly ___________________ that he will take over his father's business.⑦He is _______to make rapid progress in English because he is studying hard.
more likely
unlikely to
likely/possible/probable
likely
5.committee n．委员会(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and ...一个委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并……a committee meeting 委员会会议be on a committee 是委员会的成员join a committee 加入委员会
误区警示：committee，audience(观众)，staff(员工)等词是集体名词，作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数。强调整体，谓语动词用单数；强调个体，谓语动词用复数。
❶The committee meets once a week.这个委员会每周开一次会。❷The committee have/has listened to all the arguments for and against the proposal.委员会听取了所有的赞成与反对这项建议的理由。❸The audience was/were mostly students.听众大部分是学生。❹The staff has done a great job this year.今年全体员工工作非常出色。
即学即练 单句语法填空①All the audience _____ women and _____ discussing the content of the play.②The staff _____ sitting at the desks and _____ reading the documents papers.③The committee all went down stairs and _____ doing a big cleaning in the yard.④40% of the committee _____ women.
are
are
are
are
were
are
6.establish vt.建立；创立(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and ...一个委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并……establish a company 建立公司establish a new research centre 建立一个新的研究中心establish relationships/links/contact with sb. 与某人建立关系或联系
易混比较：establish和set up都表示“建立，设立(公司、机构)”，但set up不如establish正式，set up是日常英语中的常用短语：open开设，开办(向公众提供服务的企业，如商店、餐馆、酒店等)；found创立(公司、学校、医院等机构，尤指为其提供资金)。
❶The company was established in 1899.这家公司成立于1899年。❷A dog's eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.狗的饮食习惯需要有规律地训练才能正确养成。❸They set up a flagpole at the center of the schoolyard.他们在校园的中央竖起了一个旗杆。❹We are going to set up an office in Shanghai.我们打算在上海设立一个办事处。❺The People's Republic of China was founded in 1949.中华人民共和国成立于1949年。❻He opened a shop yesterday.他们开了个商店。
即学即练 完成句子①我想知道他为何要费心设法和我取得联系。I wondered why he should bother to try and _________________ me.②总之，我认为科技实际上使我们之间更近了，在青少年之间建立联系。In conclusion, I believe that technology actually brings us closer together and ___________________ among teens.③他的理论是建立在实验基础上的。His theory _____________ experiments.④Marx and Engels both __________ (建立) a clear standard for art and literature.⑤His reputation as a progressive writer is ______________ (被稳固地树立起来)．
establish contact with
establishes relationships
was founded on
set up
well established
7.limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定 limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n．限制(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。limit...to...(＝be limited to) 把……限制在……内limit sb. to(doing)sth. 限制某人(做)某事beyond the limit 超过限度without limits 无限制地within limits 在一定范围内；适度地
联想拓展：to the limit达到极限time/speed limit时间/速度限制set a limit to/on设定……的限度a limit on/to...对……的限制There is a/no limit to...……是有/无限度的。
❶It does point out that many parents still limit electronic reading, mainly due to concerns about increased screen time.它确实指出，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是因为担心在屏幕前时间增加。❷The EU has set strict limits on levels of pollution.欧盟对污染程度作了严格的限定。❸There is no limit to what you can do if you are hard-working.你如果努力的话，成就不可估量。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①You should limit your child to ________ (play) computer games.②The car goes ________ the limit.③I'm willing to help, ___________ (适度的)．④We are doing our best with the ________ (limit) resources available.⑤There is a limit ________ what one person can tolerate.⑥Time is ________ (limit) and let's come straight to the point.
playing
beyond
within limits
limited
to
limited
⑦I've been asked ________ (limit) my speech to ten minutes maximum.⑧________________ (……是有限的) my patience.⑨The damage ____________ (限于) the roof.⑩We must ________ the composition ________ (把……限制在) 1,000 words.⑪We should ___________ (设定……的限度) what our children can do.
to limit
There is a limit to
was limited to
limit
to
set a limit to/on
8.prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。(1)“阻止某人做某事”的表达法：stop sb. (from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事prevent sb.(from) doing sth. 阻止某人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事(2)“保护某人不受……伤害”的表达法：protect sb. from/against sth. 保护某人免遭某物(伤害)defend sb. from sth. 保护某人不受某物伤害Immediate steps should be taken to prevent forest fires from spreading.应当立即采取措施阻止森林大火蔓延。
常见搭配：prevent...from...阻止/不准……做某事from后面可接doing或being done作宾语，在主动语态中from可以省略 词语积累：prevention n．预防；阻止accident/crime prevention防止事故/犯罪the prevention of disease疾病的预防
误区警示：keep...from doing sth.与stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.均表示“阻止……做某事”，但以下两点需要注意：(1)keep...from doing sth.无论用于主动语态还是被动语态均不可省略from。(2)stop/prevent...from doing sth.用于主动语态时，可省略from，用于被动语态时，from不可省略。Her parents prevented/stopped her (from) going on a diet to lose weight.她的父母不让她通过节食来减肥。
即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空①We must do our best to _______ these historic sites _______________ (阻止……消失)．②The destruction of such species could prevent researchers from ________ (find) cures for certain diseases.③The processes take place to stop our brains ________ (become) loaded with memories.④This disease's control and _________ (prevent) is a challenge to China as well as the whole world.
prevent
from disappearing
finding
becoming
prevention
9.loss n．丧失；损失 lose vt.失去；丢失(教材P4)A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.委员会成立了，旨在减少对埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。suffer great loss 蒙受巨大的损失at a loss 不知所措a sense of loss 失落感make up for the loss 弥补损失a total loss 总损失loss of interest/confidence 失去兴趣/信心
the loss of data 数据丢失loss of memory 失忆weight loss 体重减少hearing loss 听力丧失gain and loss 得与失
词语积累：lose vt.失去lost adj.丢失的，走失的lose sth.失去某物get lost走失be lost in 陷入；全神贯注于，沉浸在be lost in thought陷入沉思
❶The museum reported the loss of a cultural relic.博物馆报告丢失了一件文物。❷I'm at a loss what to do next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱。❸When his best friend left him, he felt a sense of loss.当他最好的朋友离开他时，他感到一种失落感。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①His carelessness led to the ________ (lose) of the documents.②________ (lose) in thought, he was nearly knocked down by a running car.③They got ________ (lose) in the forest. What's worse, it began raining heavily.④I am at ________ loss what I will take up in the university.⑤汤姆一时不知怎么回答她的问题。For a moment, Tom was ________ how to respond to her question.⑥他承认了错误，并答应弥补损失。He admitted the mistake and promised to _________________.
loss
lost
a
at a loss
at a loss
make up for the loss
10．contribution n．捐款；贡献；捐赠 contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助(教材P4)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该委员会请求各个部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。make a contribution/contributions to/towards... 为……做出贡献；向……捐款contribute...to... 为……贡献/捐献……/向……投稿contribute to 为……做出贡献；向……捐款；促成，造成；导致
词语拓展：contribute money to the flood-stricken area向洪灾区捐款contribute time to the activity把时间花在活动上contribute articles to the magazine向杂志社投稿图解助记：
❶The organisation has made great contributions to wildlife protection.这个组织为野生动植物的保护做出了巨大贡献。❷Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his return to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a press.许多人给那个贫穷的男孩捐款，这使他重返校园。一位作家写了一个关于此事的故事并把它投给了一家出版社。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①This programme could not have been successful without Ken's valuable ___________ (contribute)．②I think everyone should make a contribution to ________ (protect) the environment.③It was a real team effort—everyone contributed something ______ the success of the project.④The school sees its job as preparing students to _____________________ (为社会作贡献)．⑤Eating too much fat can ____________ (导致) heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
contribution
protecting
to
make a contribution to society
contribute to
11．within prep.&adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内 without prep. 缺乏；没有 beyond prep.超出……之外；非……所能及(教材P4)The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.该委员会请求各个部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。within one's reach 在某人力所能及的范围内within one's rights 在某人的权限内within one's grasp 在某人掌控的范围内within one's power 在某人能力范围内within (easy) reach (of...) 很接近，靠近within sight (of) 可以看见；在视线内within the limit of... 在……范围内within walking distance 在步行距离之内
易混比较：I will replace the dictionary in an hour.我会在一小时后把词典放回原处。in an hour一小时后You will be contacted within an hour.一小时内会有人联系您。within an hour一小时内
词语联想：beyond/out of one's reach超出某人力所能及的范围beyond/out of one's rights 超出某人的权限beyond/out of one's power超出某人的能力范围out of sight超出视力范围；看不见beyond the limit of...超出……范围beyond/out of one's control超出某人的控制范围
❶You should receive a reply within seven days.你会在七天之内收到答复。❷Is it within walking distance？那里步行走得到吗？❸Every time I get into trouble and turn to James, he'll do everything within his power to help me out.每次我遇到麻烦去找詹姆斯，他都会尽其所能帮助我。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①I truly believe that beauty comes from ________ (内心)．②The beach is ________ walking distance of my house and we can hear the sound of the sea.③I don't think it is ________ your power to carry on the research.④The noise seems to be coming from _______________ (在建筑物里面)．⑤我够不着把手。The handle was _________________.⑥我们已无法控制这一局面。The situation is _________________.
within
within
within
within the building
beyond my reach
beyond our control
12.issue n．重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布(教材P4)Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests...专家们经过调查研究，多次试验……settle an issue 解决一个问题discuss/debate an issue 讨论问题raise an issue/bring up an issue 提出问题deal with an issue 处理问题
词语拓展：face/avoid an issue面对/回避问题a political/a social/an economic issue政治/社会/经济问题a key/major/big issue关键/重要/大问题a range of issues一系列问题issue a statement发表声明
❶They met to discuss the issue of working conditions at the factory.他们在工厂里见面讨论工作条件的问题。❷The committee met several times to discuss this important issue.委员会见了好几次面来讨论这一重要问题。❸A range of issues were debated at the meeting.会议就一系列问题进行了讨论。
即学即练 单句语法填空①Some important ________ (issue) were raised at the meeting.②They discussed a number of political ________ (issue)．③The Chinese government ________ (issue) an official statement ________ China resolutely opposes hegemonism and power politics and compats the policies of war, agression and expansion.
issues
issues
issued
that
13.conduct n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt.组织；安排；带领；举止；表示；指挥 conductor n．指挥；售票员；列车长(教材P4)Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests...专家们经过调查研究，多次试验……conduct an orchestra/a choir 指挥管弦乐队/合唱团conduct a survey/an experiment/an interview 进行调查/实验/采访conduct sb. into/around... 领某人进入/参观……conduct oneself well/badly 举止(表现)好/差
归纳拓展：improper/violent conduct不恰当的/暴力的行为opera/orchestra/symphony conductor歌剧/管弦乐队/交响乐指挥a bus conductor公共汽车售票员
❶The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.导游带领我们参观了这座古城的遗迹。❷The way he conducts himself reflects on the family.他的行为方式折射出他的家庭。❸He was fired from the company due to his improper conduct.他因为行为不当被公司开除。
即学即练 单句语法填空①Experiments of this kind ________________ (conduct) in both the U．S. and Europe well before the Second World War.②To return to the problem of water pollution, I'd like you to look at a study _________ (conduct) in Australia in 2012.③He conducted ________ (him) far better than expected.④Dennis had recently begun a successful career __________ (conduct) opera.
had been conducted
conducted
himself
conducting
14.donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血) donate...to...向……捐赠…… donation n．捐赠物；捐赠；赠送(教材P4)Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project.50个国家向该项目捐赠了近8千万美元。donate sth. to sb./sth. 向某人/某机构捐赠某物donate money to a worthy cause 为崇高的事业捐款donate some money to help the people in need 捐一些钱来帮助困境中的人donate blood 献血
词语拓展：organ donation 器官捐献a generous donation 慷慨捐赠make a donation/donations to 向……捐赠❶What we could do is donate some money to the earthquake-stricken area.我们能做的就是向地震灾区捐一些钱。❷He made a donation of $5,000 to the Children's Hospital last year.他去年捐了五千美元给儿童医院。
即学即练 单句语法填空①At the news, many people all over the world donated their money ________ those tsunami-hit (被海啸袭击的) areas.②He made a generous ________ (donate) to the charity.③If possible, we can donate money ________ the committee.④The centre was bought with money ________ (donate) by former Beatle, George Harrison.
to
donation
to
donated
15.disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡 disappearance n．消失(教材P4)Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.也许教科文组织就是最好的例子。它执行一项防止世界文化遗产消失的计划。disappear from view/sight 从视线中消失disappear behind/into... 消失在……后/中
词汇拓展：dis-是否定前缀：like v．→dislike v．不喜欢agree v→disagree v．不同意honest adj.→dishonest adj.不诚实的
即学即练 单句语法填空①By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared ________ the Yellowstone area.②The ______________ (disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results.③I don't believe what he said because he is ________ (honesty)．④The car ran out of the village, and disappeared ________ the dark of night.
from
disappearance
dishonest
into
16.attempt n．&vt.企图；试图；尝试 attempted adj.未遂的，企图的(置于名词前作定语)(教材P5)Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam?为什么埃及政府想要建造大坝？attempt to do sth.＝try to do sth.＝make an attempt to do sth./at doing sth. 企图/试图做某事at one's first attempt 在某人第一次尝试时in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
❶They made an attempt to recover the lost cultural relics.他们尝试找回丢失的文物。❷I passed my driving test at the first attempt.我考驾照一次就通过了。❸He attempted to overcome his drinking problem.他努力克服自身酗酒的问题。
归纳拓展：attempted murder谋杀未遂attempted crime犯罪未遂a hopeless attempt没有成功希望的努力attempt a rescue设法实施营救
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①He tried hard to practise and attempted ________ (pass) the driving test.②Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt ________ (control) the world they lived in, through agriculture.③I ______________________ (试图说服她), but I failed.④I would be the last _________________ (尝试回答) the question.⑤Mike has been preparing carefully for his Chinese examination so that he could be sure of passing it ________________ (在第一次尝试时)．
to pass
to control
attempted to persuade her
to attempt to answer
at the first attempt
17.worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的(教材P5)A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile？(人们)花了很多钱来保护寺庙。你觉得值得吗？be worth＋n./pron./doing 做某事是值得的be worthy to be done/of being done/of sth. 做某事是值得的be (well) worth reading/seeing/visiting (非常)值得读/看/参观be worthy to be visited/be worthy of being visited 值得参观❶It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.做某事是值得的。❷It is worthwhile spending/to spend money on setting up shelters for homeless animals.为流浪的动物花钱建收容所是值得的。
误区警示：(1)worth只能作表语，而worthy和worthwhile除作表语之外还可作定语。a worthwhile job一项有意义的工作a worthy cause一项崇高的事业(2)比较：worth, worthy, worthwhile用法：表做某事是值得的①It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth.②(sth.) be worth＋n./pron./doing
③(sth.) be worth doing某事值得被做，用主动形式表示被动意义④(sth.) be worthy to be done/of being done/of sth.如：His courage is worthy of praise.他的勇气值得表扬。(3)(sth.) be (well) worth reading/seeing/visiting(某物)(非常)值得读/看/参观(sth.) be worth a visit/worthy to be visited/worthy of being visited(某物)值得参观
即学即练 完成句子/辨析填空：worth/worthwhile/worthy①When you stand on the top of the mountain and overlook the surrounding scenery, you'll find ___________________________ (爬……是值得的) it up with effort.②教学是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。Teaching is a _________ cause and ________ our effort.③Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was ________ it in the end.④Chimps' behaviour is ________ of being studied.⑤As we all know, it is _________ to preserve cultural relics and historic sites.
it (is) worthwhile climbing/to climb
worthwhile
worthy of
worth
worthy
worthwhile
►第二版块|重要短语1．give way to让步；屈服(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new...新旧更替的时代已经到来……give way to sb. 给某人让路；对某人让步(屈服)give way to sth. 为某事让路give in 让步，屈服，投降；呈上，交上give in to... 向……屈服❶If you identify your way, the world is going to give way to you.如果你认清了自己的道路，这个世界就会给你让路。❷The storm gave way to bright sunshine.暴风雨过后阳光灿烂。
归纳拓展：give up doing sth.放弃做某事give away泄露；赠送，分发give back归还；使恢复give out用完，耗尽；分发，散发give off发出，放出(光、热、气味等)
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①Would you please give way ________ other passengers?②The children were required to give ________ their examination papers straight away.③If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ________ during the day.④He should ____________ (让位于) a younger, more decisive leader.⑤他假装很镇静，但他的声音使他露馅了。He pretended to be calm. But his voice _______ him ________.⑥一个月后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。After a month their food supplies __________.
to
in
away
give way to
gave
away
gave out
2.lead to导致，造成(后果)；通向，通往(教材P4)Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions.然而，巨大的挑战有时候会带来伟大的解决方案。lead to the traffic accident 导致这场交通事故lead to the top of the hill 通往山顶lead to health problems 导致健康问题lead to the traffic accident 导致这场交通事故the road leading to the parking lot 通向停车场的路lead sb. to (sth.) 使某人得出(观点)；引导某人……❶What led you to this conclusion？你是如何得出这个结论的？❷Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。❸All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
学法点拨：lead to中的to为介词，后加名词或动名词作宾语。“导致，引起”的多种表达：result in；bring about；contribute to。Does drinking polluted water contribute to the disease?饮用被污染的水会导致这种疾病吗？
即学即练 写出lead to在句中的含义/完成句子①Some people fear that air pollution may lead to changes in the climate around the world.________②Which door leads to the yard？________③War never settles anything. It only _______________ (导致暴力)．④It doesn't matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads ______________ (通向公园)．
导致
通向
leads to violence
lead to the park
3.a number of许多，大量(教材P4)Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples ...来自大坝的水可能会毁坏许多寺庙……易混点分析：“a number of＋可数名词复数”意为“许多……”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋可数名词复数”意为“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：A number of students are from the countryside.The number of students from the city is small.
误区警示：a large amount of＋不可数名词＋单数谓语large amounts of＋不可数名词＋复数谓语(large) quantities of＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋复数谓语 ＋
[归纳拓展] “许多，大量”的表达还有：The new management intends to institute a number of changes.新任管理层打算实行一些改革。
即学即练 单句语法填空①A number of people ________ been coming to my bookstore for Mo Yan's books over and over again since he won the Nobel Prize.②Over the years, there ________ (be) a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.③The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ___________ (remain) around that level since.④A large amount of money ________ been invested to promote the traffic conditions of this city.⑤When condors eat dead bodies of other animals containing lead, they absorb large _________ (quantity) of lead.
have
have been
has remained
has
quantities
4.turn to向……求助；致力于；翻到；转向(to是介词)(教材P4)．..the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.……埃及政府于1959年向联合国寻求帮助。turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)turn off 关掉(水、煤气、电灯等)turn up 调高(音量等)；出现
❶She has nobody she can turn to.她求助无门。❷Open your book and turn to Page 236.打开书，翻到236页。❸Let's now turn to our primary problem.让我们现在转到我们的主要问题上。❹Go straight, turn to the left and you'll find the post office.直走，向左转，你就会找到邮局。
归纳拓展：turn down调低；拒绝turn in上交；交还turn into变成turn out结果是，证明是turn over翻转；移交语境助记：“I'm thirsty，”she said, turning on the tap.“我渴了。”她说着，打开了水龙头。If you turn over you might find it easier to get to sleep.你若翻个身，也许入睡容易些。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①With no one to turn ________ in such a frightening situation, the girl felt helpless.②The road conditions there turned ________ to be very good, which was more than we could expect.③Tom had to turn ________ the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.④You must turn ________ your pass when you leave the building.⑤About this issue, the citizens __________ (向……寻求帮助) the government.⑥This organisation is now __________________________ (致力于提高空气质量)．
to
out
down
in
turned to
turning to improving air quality
5.make sure确保；设法保证；查明，弄清楚(教材P5)We must protect the temples and make sure that no damage is done.我们必须保护寺庙，确保不造成任何破坏。 确保……；弄清楚…… 一定会做某事；某事肯定会发生be sure to do sth. (说话者对主语的判断或需求)一定会做某事；务必要做某事
❶We have to set down rules to make sure that the children are taken good care of.我们不得不制订规则来确保孩子们得到很好的照顾。❷He is sure of success.他自信能成功。❸He is sure to succeed.他一定能成功。
误区警示：make sure的主语是人，而be sure的主语可以是人也可以是事物。It is sure that...(×)(sure不能用it作形式主语)It is certain that...(√)Sb./Sth. is sure that...(√)Sb./Sth. is certain that...(√)
即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空①The department is established to _______________ (确保) everything goes well.②You'd better make sure ________ the exact time of the arriving train.③She is not sure ________ his getting his diploma.
make sure (that)
of
of
►第三版块|典型句式 1.There comes a time when...……的时代已经到来。(教材P4)There comes a time when the old must give way to the new...新旧更替的时代已经到来……[句式分析] There comes...是there be句型的变体；There comes a time...表示“……的时代到来了”。(1)结构：There＋不及物动词(多为状态动词)(2)常见的有：There follow(s)/live(s)/stand(s)/exist(s)/remain(s)．..随后……/住着……/有……/存在……/还有……(3)there be句型为完全倒装句式，在使用时注意根据句子的主语确定谓语动词的形式。
❶In the distance there stands the world-famous building.远处矗立着那座世界闻名的建筑。❷There exist different opinions on the question.关于这个问题存在着不同的意见。❸There appear to be some mistakes in your composition.看来你的作文中有几处错误。
知识拓展：(1)a time when...意为“一段……的时间”。其中when引导定语从句，修饰a time，when是关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语。注意：该结构中time前的冠词a不能省略(2)This/That/It is/was a time when...这/那/它是一个……的时期。when引导定语从句，修饰a time(3)There was a time when...曾经有一段时间……There was a time when I was getting along badly with my classmates.曾经有一段时间我和同班同学相处得不好。
即学即练 完成句子/单句语法填空①很久以前森林里住着一位老人。________________ an old man in the forest long ago.②山顶上有一座庙。________________ a temple on the top of the mountain.③对这个问题曾经存在不同的看法。________________ different opinions on the problem.④互联网在我们的生活中扮演一个重要角色的时代来了。________________ when the Internet plays an important part in our life.⑤There was a time ________ I was crazy about outdoor activities.⑥That was a time ________ the blind couldn't get much education.
There lived
There stands
There existed
There comes a time
when
when
2.not only...but (also)．..不仅……而且……(教材P4)Not only had the countries found a path to...but they had also learnt that...这些国家不仅找到了一条……之路，而且明白了……[句式分析] (1)not only...but (also)．..连接两个分句且not only位于句首时，not only后的分句要用部分倒装语序，但but (also)后的分句不倒装，即“前倒后不倒”。(2)“Not only A but (also)B＋谓语动词＋其他．”中谓语动词的单复数由B决定，即遵循“就近原则”。
❶Not only can Mary speak French, but she also knows how to type.玛丽不但会说法语．而且还会打(法语)字。❷Not only you but also Jim is to blame for this.这件事不但怪你也怪吉姆。学法点拨：类似not only... but (also)．..连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”的结构还有：neither...nor..., either... or..., not...but等。
即学即练 单句语法填空/句型转换①Not only students but also the teacher ___________ (compete) in the sports event at the moment.②Either you or one of your students ________ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.③Not only my sister but also my parents ________ (like) this TV play.④The nurses want a pay increase, and they want reduced hours. (改为倒装句)→_________________________________, but they want reduced hours.
is competing
is
like
Not only do the nurses want a pay increase
3.It is possible to do...做……是有可能的。(教材P4)．..but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.……而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。[句式分析] It is possible for sb. to do sth.She is likely to pass the exam.＝It is possible for her to pass the exam.＝It is likely/possible/probable that she will pass the exam.她有可能通过这次考试。
易混比较：likely，possible，probable可能性大小：probable>likely>possibleSb./Sth. be possible to do sth.(×)Sb./Sth. be probable to do sth.(×)Sb./Sth. be likely to do sth.(√)It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.(√)It is likely/possible/probable that...(√)possible和probable不能用人作主语，likely既可用人又可用物作主语
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子①With the help of the computer, ________ is possible for people to work at home.②A great decline in young work force is likely ________ (occur) in China, for instance.③如果你一大早就精力充沛地锻炼，你将更有可能一整天坚持选择健康的食物。If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be __________ to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.④虽然他可能对这些书了解得很少，但它们引导他研究古典绘画。While ____________ he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings.
it
to occur
more likely
it is likely that
4.suggest that...建议……(教材P5)Before she ended her speech, the scientist suggested that we need to establish a committee of experts...在结束演讲之前，这位科学家建议我们需要成立一个专家委员会……[句式分析] suggest表“建议”后接that从句时，从句中谓语用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。I suggest that you begin from Beijing, and I'll show you around.我建议你从北京开始(你的旅行)，我会带你四处看看。
❶Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.了解到你对中国文化的浓厚兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。❷Her pale face suggested that she was seriously uncomfortable, so her parents suggested that she (should) go to see the doctor.她苍白的脸色表明她非常不舒服，因此她父母建议她去看医生。注意：第一个suggest意为“显示，表明”，其后的宾语从句用真实语气；第二个suggest意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
知识链接：有此用法(虚拟语气)的动词还有：坚持：insist命令：order, command建议：advise, propose, recommend要求：request, require, demand, urge等。The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised。工人们要求提高他们的工资。
即学即练 单句语法填空①His face suggested that he ________ (be) angry and I suggest that you ____________ (make) apology to him.②My parents advise that I ______________ (not watch) too much TV.③The boy insisted that he ____________ (not break) the window and (insisted) that the teacher ______________ (apologise) to him.
was
(should) make
(should) not watch
had not broken
(should) apologise
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The driver ________ (试图) to limit the speed, but failed.2．We must do our best to prevent these historic sites from ___________ (消失)．3．If possible, we can ________ (捐赠) money to the committee.4．As we all know, it is _____________ (值得做的) to preserve cultural relics and historic sites.5．Water from the dam would ________ (可能) damage a number of temples.
attempted
disappearing
donate
worthwhile
likely
6．This umbrella is likely to help you keep your ________ (平衡)．7．The chairman made a ________ (建议) to the committee.8．Most people made a ________ (抗议) against the conducts of the organisation.9．His careless conduct led to the ________ (丢失) of the documents.10．This department is established to __________ (调查) the matter.
balance
proposal
protest
loss
investigate
Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．We need to establish a committee to investigate the cultural heritage and prevent it from ____________ (harm)．2．________ was worthwhile to spend much money protecting the temples.3．But the proposal would likely lead to a lot of ________ (protest)．4．About this issue, the citizens turned to the government ________ help.5．When the project ended in 1980, it was considered ________ great success.
being harmed
It
protests
for
a
6．They asked for ___________ (contribute) from different departments and raised funds within the international community.7．________ (keep) the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural heritage sites can be a big challenge.8．Water from the dam were likely ________ (damage) these temples.9．A committee was _________ (establish) to limit damage and prevent the loss of cultural relics.10．Finally, a document __________ (sign), and the work began in 1960.
contributions
Keeping
to damage
established
was signed
Ⅲ.短语填空give way to， keep balance， make a proposal， turn to， prevent... from...， donate... to...， make sure， make a contribution to， lead to， be connected to1．The citizens made a protest, and the government ________ the United Nations for help.2．As a result, fifty countries ________ nearly $80 million ________ the project.3．Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then _____________ to the committee.
turned to
donated
to
made a proposal
4．This programme aims to __________ world cultural heritage sites around the world _________ disappearing.5．Cultural relics protection should __________________ economic development.6．The department is established to ________ that everything goes well.7．Their conducts have ________ the loss of some cultural relics.8．While promoting economy, we should _____________ between development and protection.9．There comes a time when the old must _________ the new.10．Everyone should ___________________ the protection of cultural relics.
prevent
from
be connected to
make sure
led to
keep balance
give way to
make a contribution to
Ⅳ.短文填空(用本单元所学的词语填空)In order to 1.________ (促进) tourism in this area and 2.__________ (保持平衡) between development and protection, the Cultural 3.________ (遗产) Protection 4.________ (委员会) has 5._________ (设立) a special 6.__________ (部门). The department aims to 7._________ (调查) the condition of local cultural 8.________ (遗迹), 9.____________ (提出建议) to the committee, and 10.________ (开展) protection activities, 11.__________ (确保) that all the cultural relics are well 12.________ (保护). They 13.________ (试图) to raise 14.________ (资金), call for 15.___________ (贡献) to the protection of cultural heritage. With major 16.________ (问题), they are 17.________ (可能) to 18.________ (寻求帮助) local governments for help.
promote
keep balance
Heritage
Committee
established
department
investigate
relics
make proposals
conduct
making sure
preserved
attempt
funds
contributions
issues
likely
turn to
To 19.________ (防止) the 20.________ (流失) of cultural relics, every one of us should 21.__________ (参加) the preservation activity. For example, there is a 22.________ (寺庙) on the 23.________ (山), which shows the 24.________ (创造性的) design of ancient people. We must 25.________ (防止) it from 26.__________ (消失). If possible, we can 27.________ (捐款) money to the 28.________ (委员会). Where there are cultural relics, construction must be 29.________ (限制) and 30.________ (让路) them. We make a 31.________ (抗议) against any 32.________ (行为) of destroying cultural relics and can't 33.________ (原谅) it. It is 34._________ (值得的) for us to do so. It is believed that great changes will take place 35.________ (在……内) a few years.
prevent
loss
take part in
temple
mount
creative
prevent
disappearing
donate
committee
limited
give way to
protest
conduct
forgive
worthwhile
within
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