人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Body Language测试题

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2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）Unit 4 Body LanguagePeriod 4 Reading for writing（解析版）阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节  (共15小题：每小题分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHere are the top summer vacation lodges in the nation！Out of Lake Wobegon; Fair Hills Resort With sandcastle contests, Swedish buffet night, and family bingo, this classic northern Minnesota lodge is right out of Garrison Keillor's Lake Wobegon. Families can choose from a collection of activities suitable for both adults and kids—volleyball, tennis, sailing, swimming-laze by the lake, or rehearse for their star turn at the weekly talent show. The family-run resort is proud of its myriad "lifers," guests who've been vacationing here since they were kids. This year, ten of them will celebrate their 50th yearly visit.Northern California, Unplugged; Gray Eagle Lodge Once they find Gray Eagle Lodge off a two-lane road, most guests have no use for their cars. Days here are spent on foot, hiking to alpine lakes in the Sierras or going for a dip in the swimming hole fed by a 15-foot waterfall. "There are no officially planned activities, " explains Tracy Morris, who has taken her children here for years, "unless you count the get-togethers specifically arranged for kids who have never met before but have become fast friends and enjoy fun together."Authentic Adirondacks; The Hedges For recent years improvements have been made—including upgrading the plumbing to accommodate more guests, answering to the main complaints in the past about its poor capacity. The current owners have restored the camp to its original Adirondack-style glory. Though tasteless to the younger age group, the style earned the lodge a spot on the National Register of Historic Places.Great Lake Lodge; The Inn at Watervale Built as a boarding school in 1892, this lodge became a summer retreat in 1917. Today, the owner of the lodge proudly promotes the resort's lack of TV, Wi-Fi, and decent cell phone coverage, which makes it perfect for recluses (隐士). Instead of sticking with their smart-phones, parents and children both find their relationships greatly improved through hiking the 300-foot-high Old Baldy dune, combing the beach for fossils, and savoring the sunsets over the lake together.1. Which lodge is not very attractive for kids?A. Fair Hills Resort   B. Gray Fagle Lodge C. The Hedges    D. The Inn at Watervale【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，根据第三段文字中的 Though tasteless to the younger age group, the style earned the lodge a spot on the National Register of Historic Places.虽然对年轻的年龄组来说，这种风格没有什么趣味，但它却为小屋赢得了《国家历史古迹名录》的一席之地。2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Fair Hills Resort specializes in serving young vacationers with varieties of activities.B. The Hedge used to be criticized for failing to serve large number of customers.C. Lack of modem communication tools at The Inn at Watervale was due to poor facility conditions.D. Cars are banned from Gray Eagle Lodge.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题，A选项中的“为招待年轻人而定制”是不对的，Families can choose from a collection of activities suitable for both adults and kids，文章中说的是几位成年人，也为年轻人提供了各种活动。C选项中的“酒店缺乏现代通讯工具是因为设备条件差。”文章中说的是情况已经得到改善。D选项中“禁止使用汽车”不对，文章中说的是“没有必要用汽车”，答案为B。3. The passage will most probably appear.A. on a wedding magazine about finding a permanent residence B. in a UN's report about family relationships C. on a financial magazine analyzing the prospects of tourist industry D. on a website selling package tours【答案】D【解析】判断推理题，这是一篇广告，推销各式“一揽子”旅行计划。所以答案为D。BOvercoming extreme cold, cruel ice and people dismissing him as mad, Slovenian Davo Kamicar became the first person to ski non-stop down Mount Everest.After a dramatic fall over almost sheer cliffs of snow, stones and ice, 38-year-oldKamicar emerged in his base camp after five hours of skiing. “I feel only absolute happiness and absolute tiredness,”he said.At one stage he had to speed over stretches of ice that collapsed and broke underneath him and could have sent him falling into the deep crevasses (裂缝) that dot the mountain.The descent (下落) had been seen by many as insanely dangerous. The Darwin Awards website, which documents deaths which are foolhardy, urged people to log on to Internet broadcasts of the attempt. “Keep your eyes peeled for a live Darwin Award," it said.However, the only body to make the news was the corpse (尸体) of an unknown mountaineer which Kamicar zipped past as he descended, one of an estimated 120 corpses, thought to litter the slopes.“This mountain is always full of surprises. Seeing a dead man out there was a really shocking experience," he said.Thanks to strategically placed cameras on the mountain and one attached to his safety helmet, hundreds of thousands of people witnessed his descent on the Internet, which was one of the record highs ever. During the run more than 650,000 hits were registered on his expedition website jamming it for a time as others tried to access the site.Weather conditions were so severe that Kamicar had to abandon plans to rest on the summit before attempting to descend. Instead, suffering from fatigue, as soon as he reached the top he put on his skis and flung himself back down the mountain.Dealing with the mountain had already cost Kamicar two fingers when a previous failed attempt saw him get frostbite as a fierce storm lashed the peak.Kamicar comes from a skiing family and took part in his first Himalayan skiing expedition in 1989. Since then, he has been tireless in raising funds and sponsorship for more expeditions, with Everest as the permanent goal.Davo Kamicar made history by_______.A.skiing down Mount Everest without rest B.descending Mount Everest within the shortest time ever.C.attracting largest number of audience online for his descent.D.becoming the first to film his descent down Mount Everest【答案】A【解析】细节理解题，在第一段就提到：Slovenian Davo Kamicar became the first person to ski non-stop down Mount Everest. 斯洛文尼亚人Davo Kamicar克服了极度寒冷、残酷的冰雪和人们视他为疯子的想法，成为第一个“一站式”滑下珠穆朗玛峰的人。5.The underlined word foolhardy in the passage is closest in meaning to________.A.sudden and hard to accept    B.taking unnecessary risks C.attracting public attention   D.working hard to fool others【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题，词义猜测题的提示部分为上一句或下一句，根据这篇文章，提示在上一句，by many as insanely dangerous.被很多人认为是“疯了一般地危险”，foolhardy，为“蛮勇”之意。6. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Kamicar saw about 120 dead bodies littering the slope.B. The broadcast of his descent online was canceled because of the website jam.C. Kamicar's family had a tradition to conquer Mount Everest.D. This was not Kamicar's first attempt on Mount Everest.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题，根据文章最后一段中的：Kamicar comes from a skiing family and took part in his first Himalayan skiing expedition in 1989. 7. The best title for the passage is________.A. Mad man skis down Everest.   B. Darwin Award for Davo Kamicar C. Extreme sports hero slides to a record  D. Body of mountaineer found on Everest【答案】C【解析】最好的标题，要简洁但要包含全部要素，A选项与C选项容易弄混，C选项中的“英雄，记录”更能说明Kamicar的英雄壮举，所以答案为CCWhen it comes to sea rescue, speed is everything. According to Science Daily, the best chance to find someone alive after a ship or airplane accident at sea is during the first six hours. The probability reduces sharply after that. However, the tides and changing weather at sea – especially the unpredictable currents (洋流) – make it hard for rescuers to locate people in time, resulting in hundreds of deaths every year. 
 Now, scientists from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHRW) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have come up with an algorithm (算法) that can quickly predict the locations to which people floating in the ocean will drift (漂流), speeding up search and rescue operations at sea. 
 Currently, the most commonly used algorithm in ocean rescue is the “Lagrangian (拉格朗日算法)” approach. But according to Thomas Peacock, a mechanical engineering professor at MIT, this approach is not precise enough and significant errors can accumulate (累积) in the process, leading the search team farther away from the correct location. 
 The new algorithm, instead, uses the “Eulerian (欧拉算法)” approach. The researchers believe that there are “hidden traps” in the ocean – regions where currents temporarily converge and pull people in, and to predict when and where these traps will form is the key to rescue operations. And this is exactly what the Eulerian approach does: It interprets (诠释) the ocean’s complex flows using more advanced modeling systems, allowing it to update its data quickly according to the ever-changing ocean conditions.
 “We can think of these ‘traps’ as moving magnets (磁铁), attracting a set of coins thrown on a table. The Lagrangian trajectories (轨迹) of coins are very uncertain, yet the strongest Eulerian magnets predict the coin positions over short times,” Mattia Serra, former PhD student at ETHRW, told MIT News. 
 To test how effective the new approach is, the team did an experiment by setting manikins (人体模型) at sea from different locations and using the algorithm to predict their drifting paths while monitoring their real-time whereabouts (下落) with GPS. The algorithm successfully identified all the hidden traps where the manikins eventually ended up in.
 The researchers are planning to share the new algorithm with sea rescue teams to save more people lost at sea. “If there’s an accident in the last hour, rescuers can immediately look and see where the sea traps are,” Peacock told MIT News. “That’s important when there’s a limited time window in which they have to respond.”How will the new rescue algorithm help people lost at sea?
 A. By quickly predicting their correct location.   
 B. By changing the tides and weather at sea for a while.
 C. By using magnets in the searching process.    
 D. By providing sea rescuers with various solutions.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题，根据第二段中提及：have come up with an algorithm (算法) that can quickly predict the locations to which people floating in the ocean will drift (漂流), speeding up search and rescue operations at sea.能够快速预测漂浮在海洋中的人们将会漂流到的位置，加快海上搜救行动。9. What does the underlined word “converge” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? 
 A. Join.    B. Separate.   C. Change.   D. Stop.【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题，根据前文regions where currents temporarily“洋流短暂...的地区”currents为复式形式，为“交汇”之意，所以答案为A10. What do we know about the Eulerian approach?
 A. It’s the most popular algorithm used in ocean rescue.
 B. It has often led rescuers in the wrong direction.
 C. It is the first to introduce the idea of “hidden traps”. 
 D. It keeps collecting information about ocean conditions.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题，A选项不对，因为该方法还在试验阶段，没有进行实际的应用；B选项不对，这个方法在实验中是成功的；C选项不对，文章中没有提到是否是第一次引入这个概念，没有明确提及的不要选，答案为D，文章个提到： allowing it to update its data quickly according to the ever-changing ocean conditions.根据海洋的变化情况更新数据。11. What attitude does Peacock have toward the new approach? 
 A. Worried.   B. Confident.    C. Doubtful.    D. Curious.【答案】B【解析】判断推理题，根据倒数第二段：为了测试这种新方法的有效性，该小组做了一个实验，把人体模型放在海上不同的位置，并使用该算法来预测它们的漂移路径，同时用全球定位系统监视它们的实时行踪。该算法成功地识别了所有隐藏的旋涡，这些旋涡就是人偶最终到达的地方。综上所述，作者对这种方法持乐观的态度。DIt's not an urban legend: crime rates do in fact rise in the summer in the U.S. A study found that, with the exception of robbery and auto theft, rates of all violent and property crimes are higher during the summer than during other months. The study examined data collected during 8 years, which included violent and property crimes that did not result in death, both reported and not reported to the police.The data show that, though the national crime rate dropped by 70 percent during recent years, seasonal spikes in summer remain. In some cases those spikes are 12 percent higher than rates during seasons in which the lows occur. The phenomenon confuses many criminologist and they wonder why.Some reason that increased temperatures, which drive many out of doors and leave windows open in their homes, raise the amount of time when homes are left empty. Others point to the effect of students on summer vacation who are otherwise occupied with schooling during other seasons, while some argue that suffering heat-induced discomfort simply makes people more aggressive and likely to act out.Although these elements possess certain persuasive power, their rationality is called into question when cases in winter are put on the map. Why aren't the rates in winter falling if heat related factors are to blame for the summer spike? Contrarily, the matter should be viewed from social and economic angles rather than on solar terms.Numerous studies have shown that rates of criminal behavior among young adults drop when their communities provide them with other ways to spend their time and earn money. This was found to be true in Los Angles, where gang activity was reduced when community centers for teens were thriving and active. And generally speaking, the connection between economic inequality and crime is robustly documented for the U.S. And why summer sees a worse situation? It's probably because it's even harder for youngsters to land jobs that provide for life necessities.So if officials want to address the summer spike in crime, they may act differently instead of aiming straight at crimes. Simply upgrading security and severely punishing offenses almost produce void effects. Instead, be open to various options and they will find that development of job hunting agencies or community professional training centers are accompanying the drop of crime rate without seasonal exceptions. After all, bread always comes first for everyone.12. What puzzles scholars studying crimes?A. The rates of robbery and auto theft are lower than other violent and pro crimes in summer.B. The rates of crimes resulting in death are about the same in all seasons.C. The crime rates not reported to the police are much higher during summer D. Crime rates in summer are higher than those of other seasons.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题，本文探讨的是为什么在美国夏天的犯罪率比其他季节都要高。第一段开头提示：crime rates do in fact rise in the summer in the U.S.13. According to the author, what is the key reason for the seasonal spike of crime rates?A. Increased temperature left houses easier for attacks.B. The hot environment makes people more likely to be angered.C. Youngsters find it hard to release energies at school.D. People's economic needs are not satisfied by the society.【答案】D【解析】判断推理题，文章的最后说道：After all, bread always comes first for everyone.毕竟，生活对每个人来说都是第一位的。14. What can be done to fight seasonal rise of crimes?A. Lengthen the school time to hold students in school during summer.B. Enhance the safety mechanism during the summer C. Take measures to encourage youth employment.D. Frighten would-be criminals through harsh punishments.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，根据最后一段：他们会发现求职机构或社区专业培训中心的发展会伴随着犯罪率的下降。15. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Solar terms are responsible for the summer crime spike.B. Crime rates in summer fall by 58 percent in the U.S.C. LA criminal activities fall because of positive community programs.D. The crime rates in winter are low due to low mobility in the season.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题，根据倒数第二段提示：Numerous studies have shown that rates of criminal behavior among young adults drop when their communities provide them with other ways to spend their time and earn money. This was found to be true in Los Angles, where gang activity was reduced when community centers for teens were thriving and active. 大量研究表明，当年轻人所在的社区为他们提供其他消磨时间和赚钱的方式时，他们的犯罪行为率就会下降。这在洛杉矶被发现是真实的，那里的青少年社区中心繁荣活跃，帮派活动减少。第二节(共5小题；每小题分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Last Sunday was a special day for mothers. It was Mother’s Day, a time for children, young and old, to show how much they appreciate their mothers.
 Mother’s Day started in the US, where it’s celebrated on the second Sunday in May. 16. _______     
It became an official US holiday in 1915. It was the result of the love of one girl, Anna Jarvis of West Virginia. 17. _______ As a girl, Anna helped her mother take care of the garden and filled it with white carnations (康乃馨), her mother’s favorite flower.
 When Mrs Jarvis died on May 5, 1905, Anna was determined to honor her. 18. _______ On the same Sunday in Philadelphia, a minister honored Mrs Jarvis and all mothers with a special Mother’s Day service. Anna Jarvis began writing to the government, asking them to set aside a day to honor all mothers. In 1910, the governor of West Virginia made the second Sunday in May Mother’s Day.
 19. _______ Other children give their mothers gifts that they’ve made themselves or bought from stores. Adults give their mothers red carnations, the official Mother’s Day flower. White carnations are placed on the graves of mothers who are no longer alive.
 Mother’s Day is now celebrated in more than 40 countries, including Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey and Australia. 20. ________ In France, Mother’s Day is the last Sunday in May. A cake in the shape of flowers is presented to mothers at a family dinner. But do you know the origin of Mother’s Day?
B. So why is it celebrated on different dates?
C. But not all countries celebrate Mother’s Day at the same time.
D. The second Sunday in May was the Sunday closest to her mother’s death.
E. She asked the minister of her church to dedicate a special service to her mother’s memory.
F. Anna’s mother provided great support for the family.
G. On the morning of Mother’s Day, some American children serve their mothers breakfast in bed. 16.【答案】A【解析】段中过渡句，母亲节起源于美国，在五月的第二个星期天庆祝。但是你知道母亲节的起源吗？ 1915年，它成为美国的官方节日。这是一个女孩爱的结果。安娜的母亲为这个家庭提供了巨大的支持。在她还是一个女孩时，安娜帮助她妈妈打理花园，并在花园里种满了白色康乃馨，她妈妈最喜欢的花。【答案】F【解析】段中句，根据下文提示，可知为了帮助妈妈，Anna种了很多康乃馨，因为母亲每日很操劳。答案为F。【答案】E【解析】段中过渡句，根据后文提示：On the same Sunday in Philadelphia, a minister honored Mrs Jarvis and all mothers with a special Mother’s Day service.只有E选项提到了minister,答案为E【答案】G【解析】根据后文提示，other children...前文肯定为Some children...所以答案为G。【答案】C【解析】第一段提及母亲节在美国是五月的第二个星期日，最后一段说法国的母亲节是五月的最后一个星期日，此处为C。并非所有的国家都在同一天过母亲节。写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节：满分15分。假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的美国朋友Jim得知你对探月感兴趣，发来邮件和你讨论该话题，请你给她回复邮件，内容包括：月亮自中国文化中的寓意你对人类探月活动的看法字数为100左右，文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数【参考范文】Dear JimI’m glad to share with you more detail about my passion for moon exploration. It started with what I had been told about the moon as a kid and grew stronger with time. As you can guess, there is rich cultural meaning behind the faithful companion of the earth. In Chinese culture, as opposed to the masculinity of the sun, the moon is often compared to a quiet and elegant lady. Also, it reminds people of their family and friends far away.Human beings have never stopped exploring our closest neighbour. I believe it is of great significance. The development of relevant technology facilitates the progress of science in general,which benefits our everyday life. What’s more, I think moon exploration shows an important human trait, that is, curiosity about the unknown, which is the driving force that has brought our species this far.I hope you find what I’ve mentioned above interesting and reasonable.by the way, what do you think of when you gaze at the moon? Write to me and tell me about it.                    YoursLi Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。“I’m going to miss you so much, Poppy,” said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions get the better of him.His parents were not quite able to control theirs. They had driven their son several hours out of town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile. “I guess this is it,” he said. “I’ll see you back home in a month, okay?” His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boy’s mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.” The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn’t seem interested in her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit. Poppy didn’t.They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just wasn’t her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. “What should we do to cheer Poppy up?” asked Dad. “We’ve tried everything.”“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy,” smiled Mom. “Without anybody left in the house but us, this place could use a bit of fun. Let’s get a little dog for Poppy.It didn’t take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as usual but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging (摆动) ever so slowly, then faster as she caught the smell.注意： Para 1：Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para 2：A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared. She was all white with shining big eyes, a black spot on its forehead making it more attractive. Her new owners gave her a new name, Spotty. Mom took her out of the box carefully, putting her beside Poppy’s feet. Poppy’s eyes were first filled with surprise and curiosity and then brightened with joy. Looking at this, the parents relieved because Poppy accepted Spotty and their plan worked. A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university. The first thing that caught his attention was the happy noise made by Poppy and another dog.When finding the boy back home from university, Poppy was overjoyed and introduced Spotty to him. The three, immediately became just one solid alliance. From their story we can see the fact that happiness between three is much more than between two or just having it alone.【思路点拨】第一步理解整篇文章，包括一些细节：一位少年去上大学，父母送他到大学里，他与家人和狗狗Poppy伤心地告别。他们约定一个月后回家见面。男孩走后，狗狗Poppy对一切都失去了兴趣：最爱的食物，最爱的玩具，甚至是出门散步，少年的父母为了让狗狗振作起来用尽办法，但是事情没有好转。少年的父母知道孩子会回来，而狗狗并不明白。后来妈妈想出一个主意：再养一只小狗，给Poppy作伴，poppy当时的反应：当她看到盒子时，她停下了。她把鼻子放在上面。她的尾巴开始摆动得越来越慢，然后越来越快，因为她闻到了气味。续写思路，第一段的首句Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.注意句子中的一个形容词sweet, little,盒子里的狗狗小小的，非常可爱，后面续写可以描述两只狗狗很快建立起友谊，Poppy不再情绪低落，小狗狗也很快融入这个家庭。第二段首句为A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university. 可以续写为男孩加入到两个狗狗的友谊中，一人两狗相处的非常愉快，最后主题升华为：一人不能独享快乐，两人分享才能快乐，三人分享会有加倍的快乐。文本中划线的单词，Poppy, university, parents, back, cheerful 都是续写中必需的单词，其他划线单词根据续写情节选择使用。整体为一般过去时，注意句式的变化，各类从句和非谓语动词的使用。第一段续写可以细节描述小狗狗的可爱，粘人，以至于伤心的Poppy不得不喜欢上了他，忘记了自己的悲伤，男孩的父母也高兴地松了一口气。字数约70-80单词。第二段续写可以描述少年回家之后，见到Poppy和小狗狗之后的兴奋，原先两个伙伴分享的乐事变成了三个伙伴一起分享。