Unit 2_知识梳理与易错精讲-教师版＋学生版 26秋鲁教版（五四学制）初中英语九上

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Unit 2 Why do we explore space?单元知识点梳理2026秋季 · 鲁教版九年级全一册 · 学生版一、核心词汇表太空探索类太空生活类词汇运用类二、核心短语归纳三、语法精讲语法精讲一：一般将来时被动语态概述【语法规则】一般将来时被动语态表示将来某一时刻将要被进行的动作。构成方法：S + will be + 过去分词 + 其他肯定句：S + will be + 过去分词 + 其他 例：New technology will soon be developed.否定句：S + will not (won't) be + 过去分词 + 其他 例：The trip won't be cancelled.一般疑问句：Will + S + be + 过去分词 + 其他？ 例：Will life be found on another planet?特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + S + be + 过去分词 + 其他？ 例：When will the rocket be launched?【教材例句】【易错提醒】❌ New technology will developed soon.✅ New technology will be developed soon.记忆口诀：将来被动will be加，过去分词不能差；be动词不能省，疑问will提前放。⚠️ 配套练习一、将下列句子改为一般将来时被动语态：1. Scientists will launch a new satellite next year. → A new satellite ________ ________ ________ next year.2. They will build a space station on the moon. → A space station ________ ________ ________ on the moon.3. The crew will perform the experiment tomorrow. → The experiment ________ ________ ________ tomorrow.二、单项选择：4. More rockets ________ into space in the future. A. will launch B. will be launched C. were launched D. are launched5. ________ the new telescope ________ next month? A. Will; launch B. Will; be launched C. Was; launched D. Is; launched6. The mission ________ next week because of bad weather. A. will cancel B. will be cancelled C. was cancelled D. is cancelled7. New medicines ________ in space in the future. A. will develop B. will be developed C. were developed D. are developed8. The space station ________ for at least ten years. A. will use B. will be used C. was used D. is used语法精讲二：主动语态转一般将来时被动语态【语法规则】主动语态转一般将来时被动语态的步骤：1. 将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语。2. 将主动句的谓语动词 will + 动词原形 变为 will be + 过去分词。3. 将主动句的主语变为 by 短语放在句末（可省略泛指主语）。转换公式：主动：S(主) + will + V(原形) + O(宾) + 其他被动：O(原宾语) + will be + V-ed(过去分词) + by + S(原主语) + 其他【教材例句】【易错提醒】❌ Students will required to do research.✅ Students will be required to do research.注意：主动转被动时，will后必须加be再接过去分词，不能直接用will + 过去分词。⚠️ 配套练习一、将下列主动句改为被动句：1. They will build a new lab in the space station. → A new lab ________ ________ ________ in the space station.2. The scientist will discover a new planet. → A new planet ________ ________ ________ by the scientist.3. China will send more astronauts to the moon. → More astronauts ________ ________ ________ to the moon (by China).二、单项选择：4. The teacher will give a lecture about space tomorrow. → A lecture about space ________ ________ by the teacher tomorrow. A. will give B. will be given C. was given D. is given5. They will complete the project next month. → The project ________ ________ next month. A. will complete B. will be completed C. was completed D. is completed语法精讲三：一般将来时被动语态的特殊用法（情态动词+be+过去分词）【语法规则】当句中含情态动词时，被动语态结构为：S + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 + 其他常用情态动词：can / could / must / should / may / might / need肯定句：S + can/must/should + be + 过去分词 例：These technologies can be used to help people.否定句：S + can/must/should + not + be + 过去分词 例：This problem cannot be solved easily.疑问句：Can/Must/Should + S + be + 过去分词？ 例：Can life be found on Mars?【教材例句】【易错提醒】❌ These technologies can used to help people.✅ These technologies can be used to help people.注意：情态动词后接被动语态时，be动词不能省略。can be + 过去分词，不是can + 过去分词。⚠️ 配套练习一、用括号内动词的被动语态填空：1. This problem ________ (must/solve) before the launch.2. These materials ________ (can/use) to build spacecraft.3. The experiment ________ (should/complete) by tomorrow.4. More planets ________ (may/discover) in the future.二、单项选择：5. Space technologies ________ be used to improve life on Earth. A. can B. can be C. must D. should6. The satellite ________ be launched next Monday. A. should B. should be C. can D. may7. These results ________ be shared with other scientists. A. must B. must be C. should D. can8. New energy resources ________ be found on the moon. A. may B. may be C. can D. should四、重点句型翻译练习L1 Listening & Speaking (Space Objects)L2 Listening & Speaking + Reading (Why Explore Space)L3 Grammar in Use (Future Passive Voice)L4 Theme Reading (How Far Can We Go)L5 Vocabulary Application (Space Life)L6 Writing (My Space Dream)L7 Project (China's Space Programme)五、易错点归纳与练习易错点一：will be + 过去分词中be动词遗漏❌ New technology will developed soon.✅ New technology will be developed soon.【讲解】一般将来时被动语态的结构是 will be + 过去分词，be动词不能省略。很多学生容易将 will be + 过去分词 写成 will + 过去分词，这是最常见的错误。记忆方法：'将来被动will be加，be动词不能差'。练习：1. A new rocket ________ (launch) next month.2. The experiment ________ (perform) tomorrow.3. More satellites ________ (send) into space.易错点二：主动转被动时主语和宾语颠倒❌ Scientists will be discovered a new planet.（主动句：Scientists will discover a new planet.）✅ A new planet will be discovered by scientists.【讲解】主动转被动时，原句的宾语变为被动句的主语，原句的主语变为by后的宾语。常见错误是忘记交换主语和宾语的位置，或方向反了。步骤：①找宾语→变主语；②will+V→will be+V-ed；③原主语→by短语。练习：1. The crew will perform the experiment. → The experiment ________ ________ ________ by the crew.2. They will build a new station. → A new station ________ ________ ________.3. China will launch a rocket. → A rocket ________ ________ ________ by China.易错点三：in case与in case of混淆❌ In case of Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a record is carried on board.✅ In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a record is carried on board.【讲解】in case后接完整句子（主语+谓语），引导条件状语从句，意为'万一；以防'。in case of后接名词或名词短语，不接完整句子。如：In case of rain, the launch will be cancelled.（万一遇到下雨，发射将取消。）练习：1. ________ the weather is bad, the launch will be delayed. (in case / in case of)2. ________ bad weather, the launch will be delayed. (in case / in case of)3. I'll bring an umbrella ________ it rains. (in case / in case of)易错点四：cooperate with后接宾格❌ Scientists should cooperate with they to explore space.✅ Scientists should cooperate with them to explore space.【讲解】cooperate with后接代词时，必须用宾格形式（me, you, him, her, it, us, them），不能用主格（I, he, she, they等）。因为with是介词，介词后接宾格。类似用法的还有：deal with, communicate with, connect with等。练习：1. China cooperates with ________ (they) in space exploration.2. The astronaut communicated with ________ (we) in real time.3. We should deal with ________ (it) carefully.易错点五：过去分词形式错误（不规则动词）❌ A new planet will be find in the future.✅ A new planet will be found in the future.【讲解】被动语态必须用过去分词（动词第三形式），不能用动词原形或过去式。常见不规则动词的过去分词：find→found, build→built, send→sent, make→made, write→written, break→broken, speak→spoken, choose→chosen, fly→flown, grow→grown。需要特别记忆不规则动词的三态变化。练习：1. The spacecraft was ________ (send) into space in 1977.2. Moon rocks were ________ (bring) back to Earth.3. A new space station will be ________ (build) on the moon.4. The record was ________ (make) with sounds from Earth.六、写作素材积累好词好句好词： • explore / exploration / explorer • space programme / mission / astronaut • weightless / spacesuit / spacewalk • launch / orbit / spacecraft • cooperate with / benefit from • set foot on / run out of • in case / in real time • deal with / look up at • achieve / challenge / resource • be made into / be responsible for • ancient / mysterious / universe • develop / operate / complete开头好句：1. Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered about space.2. Space exploration is one of the greatest achievements of human beings.3. China's space programme has made remarkable progress in recent years.描述好句：1. In 1969, humans first set foot on the moon, which was a great achievement in history.2. The Tiangong space station was completed in 2022, and astronauts live and work there for months.3. Technologies developed for space can benefit us here on Earth, such as satellites for communication.结尾好句：1. In the future, more space stations will be built, and humans will explore further into the universe.2. Space exploration not only satisfies our curiosity but also brings real benefits to our daily lives.3. As students, we should study hard and contribute to the future of space exploration.写作练习题目：请以 "China's Space Dream" 为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。写作提示：1. What has China achieved in space exploration?（举1-2个例子）2. Why is space exploration important?（至少两个理由）3. What will happen in the future?（使用一般将来时被动语态至少一次）单词/短语词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示space programmen./speɪs ˈprəʊɡræm/太空项目L1: China's space programme (p.24)missionn./ˈmɪʃn/任务；使命L1: a mission to the moon (p.24)astronautn./ˈæstrənɔːt/宇航员L1: first Chinese astronaut (p.24)spacecraftn./ˈspeɪskrɑːft/航天器L4: This spacecraft was launched (p.28)telescopen./ˈtelɪskəʊp/望远镜L1: China Space Station Telescope (p.24)rovern./ˈrəʊvə(r)/探测车L1: a rover sent to Mars (p.24)launchv./n./lɔːntʃ/发射L5: rocket launch (p.30)explorev./ɪkˈsplɔː(r)/探索L2: explore space (p.25)universen./ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/宇宙L2: place in the universe (p.25)galaxyn./ˈɡæləksi/星系L1: distant galaxiessatelliten./ˈsætəlaɪt/卫星L2: some satellites (p.26)orbitn./v./ˈɔːbɪt/轨道；绕轨运行L3: orbit around Earth单词/短语词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示weightlessadj./ˈweɪtləs/失重的L2: weightless environment (p.25)spacesuitn./ˈspeɪssuːt/宇航服L5: a spacesuit (p.30)spacewalkn./ˈspeɪswɔːk/太空行走L5: do a spacewalk (p.30)space stationn./speɪs ˈsteɪʃn/空间站L1: long-term space station (p.24)on boardphr./ɒn bɔːd/在（飞船/飞机）上L4: carried on board (p.28)fall asleepphr./fɔːl əˈsliːp/入睡L5: fall asleep in space (p.30)in spacephr./ɪn speɪs/在太空L5: live and work in space (p.30)cooperatev./kəʊˈɒpəreɪt/合作L6: cooperate and do research (p.31)benefitv./n./ˈbenɪfɪt/有益于；利益L2: benefit us here on Earth (p.26)crewn./kruː/乘组L7: the Shenzhou 14 crew (p.34)单词/短语词性音标中文释义教材出处/用法提示achievev./əˈtʃiːv/实现；取得L6: have achieved many things (p.31)challengen./v./ˈtʃælɪndʒ/挑战L4: the challenge of visiting the stars (p.28)resourcesn./rɪˈsɔːsɪz/资源（复数）L2: new resources in outer space (p.26)developv./dɪˈveləp/开发；发展L2: technology developed for space (p.26)operatev./ˈɒpəreɪt/操作；运营L6: tested and operated there (p.31)completev./adj./kəmˈpliːt/完成；完整的L5: complete the conversation (p.30)cancelv./ˈkænsl/取消L3: they will cancel the trip (p.27)ancientadj./ˈeɪnʃənt/古代的L4: ancient cultures (p.28)mysteriousadj./mɪˈstɪəriəs/神秘的L4: mysterious worlds (p.28)surfacen./ˈsɜːfɪs/表面L1: explore its surface (p.24)短语中文释义教材原句/例句教学提示set foot on踏上Humans finally set foot on the moon's surface. (L5)set foot on + 地点，表'踏上某地'in case以防；万一In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life... (L4)in case引导条件状语从句，表'万一'in time及时I'm going there early in time there are too many people. (L5)in time表'及时'；注意与on time（准时）区分on board在（船/飞机/飞船）上A special record is carried on board. (L4)on board = 在交通工具上，无冠词fall asleep入睡It must be difficult to fall asleep in space. (L5)fall asleep表'入睡'，fall为不规则动词in space在太空It's fantastic to live and work in space. (L5)in space无冠词，表'在太空'rocket launch火箭发射Are you going to watch the rocket launch? (L5)名词短语，rocket修饰launchcooperate with与……合作Scientists cooperate and do research together. (L6)cooperate with + sb.，with后接宾格be made into被制成Mars will be made into our new home. (L2)be made into + 产品，被动语态run out of耗尽；用完Our Earth may run out of resources. (L2)run out of + 资源/物品to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是To his surprise, the weak glue worked. (类比)to one's surprise，可换his/her/my等benefit from从……中受益Millions of people could benefit from it. (L6)benefit from + sth./sb.deal with处理；应对Help us deal with problems caused by climate change. (L2)deal with + 问题，表'处理'look up at仰望People have looked up at the stars. (L4)look up at + 天空/星体，表'仰望'be responsible for对……负责These technologies can be responsible for changes. (L6)be responsible for + n./doing教材原句中文翻译分析New technology will soon be developed.新技术将很快被开发。will be developed: 一般将来时被动Exploration of the planet Mars will be continued.火星探索将继续进行。will be continued: 一般将来时被动International research stations will be built on the moon and Mars.国际研究站将被建在月球和火星上。will be built: 一般将来时被动Will life be found on another planet?能在另一个星球上找到生命吗？Will...be found: 一般将来时被动疑问Will you be visited by other astronauts?你将会被其他宇航员拜访吗？Will...be visited: 一般将来时被动疑问主动句被动句分析This project will require students to do research.Students will be required to do research (by this project).4b练习：主动转被动Scientists will position more satellites in space.More satellites will be positioned in space (by scientists).4b练习：主动转被动They will cancel the trip to the space museum.The trip to the space museum will be cancelled.4b练习：主动转被动，they泛指可省略The magazine will publish an article next month.An article will be published (by the magazine) next month.4b练习：主动转被动Will the space centre launch a new rocket?Will a new rocket be launched (by the space centre)?4b练习：疑问句转被动教材原句中文翻译分析Mars will be made into our new home.火星将被变成我们的新家园。will be made into: 将来被动，be made into表'被制成'These technologies can then be used to help build stations.这些技术然后可以被用来帮助建造空间站。can be used: 情态动词被动，表'可以被使用'More resources will be found.更多资源将被发现。will be found: 将来被动，find的过去分词为foundMoon bases will be built in the near future.月球基地将在不久的将来被建造。will be built: 将来被动，build的过去分词为builtEnglish中文翻译Chang'e is a space programme's name for a mission to the moon.嫦娥是月球任务太空项目的名称。Tiangong is China's first long-term space station.天宫是中国第一个长期空间站。A rover was sent to Mars to explore its surface.一辆探测车被送往火星以探索其表面。English中文翻译Technology developed for space can benefit us here on Earth.为太空开发的技术可以造福地球上的我们。Our Earth may run out of resources.我们的地球可能会耗尽资源。Mars will be made into our new home in the future.火星将来会被变成我们的新家园。English中文翻译New technology will soon be developed.新技术将很快被开发。International research stations will be built on the moon and Mars.国际研究站将被建在月球和火星上。Will life be found on another planet?能在另一个星球上找到生命吗？English中文翻译Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars.自人类历史开始以来，人们就仰望星空。In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record is carried on board.万一旅行者1号被外星生命发现，飞船上携带着特殊记录。The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for space flights with humans.对于载人太空飞行来说，探访恒星的挑战更大。English中文翻译It must be difficult to fall asleep if you need to be tied down!如果需要被绑住，一定很难入睡！I'm going there early in case there are too many people.我要早点去，以防人太多。Humans finally set foot on the moon's surface.人类终于踏上了月球表面。English中文翻译A space station will be built on the moon.一个空间站将被建在月球上。More resources will be found on the moon.更多资源将在月球上被发现。Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams.人类已经实现了许多曾经只是梦想的事情。English中文翻译The first space lecture was given to more than 60 million students.第一次太空授课面向超过6000万学生进行。Students were able to communicate with the astronauts in real time.学生能够与宇航员实时交流。The astronauts performed four experiments to show physical phenomena.宇航员进行了四个实验来展示物理现象。