Unit 1_单元测试卷-教师版＋学生版 26秋鲁教版（五四学制）初中英语九上

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Unit 1 What changes can inventions bring to our lives?单元测试卷2026秋季 · 鲁教版九年级全一册 · 教师版（含参考答案）满分：100分 考试时间：90分钟姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 得分：__________━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━Part I 单项选择（每题1分，共15分）A. 词汇辨析1. Cai Lun improved ______ by using bark, fibres and old cloth in the Eastern Han Dynasty.A. papermakingB. ingredientC. collectionD. fibre【答案】A【解析】papermaking意为‘造纸术’。句意为‘蔡伦改进造纸术’。ingredient‘原料’、collection‘收集品’、fibre‘纤维’均不符合语境。2. The main ______ of this kind of glue include water and certain chemicals.A. fibresB. barksC. ingredientsD. buttons【答案】C【解析】ingredient意为‘原料、成分’。句意为‘这种胶水的主要原料包括水和某些化学物质’。fibre‘纤维’、bark‘树皮’、button‘按钮’均不合语境。3. The engineer will ______ a new machine that can sort rubbish automatically.A. inventB. designC. createD. produce【答案】B【解析】design意为‘设计’，强调在制造前进行规划和设计。invent‘发明’强调从无到有创造新事物；create‘创造’范围更广；produce‘生产’强调批量制造。此处‘设计一台新机器’侧重设计环节。4. The cotton ______ used to make this fabric is very soft and comfortable.A. barkB. buttonC. pressD. fibre【答案】D【解析】fibre意为‘纤维’。cotton fibre‘棉纤维’是固定搭配。bark‘树皮’、button‘按钮’、press‘按压’均不合语境。5. You need to ______ the button to start the machine. Be careful not to ______ it too hard.A. connect; removeB. press; connectC. press; controlD. remove; press【答案】C【解析】press the button‘按按钮’为固定搭配。第二个空control‘控制’力度。connect‘连接’、remove‘移除’不合语境。B. 语法运用（被动语态）6. Paper ______ wood and old cloth. Many things around us are recycled materials.A. is made ofB. is made fromC. is made intoD. is made up of【答案】B【解析】be made from表示‘由……制成’（发生化学变化，看不出原材料）。纸是由木材制成的，经过化学变化已看不出原来的木材，故用be made from。be made of表示物理变化仍可看出原材料；be made into‘被制成……’；be made up of‘由……组成’。7. The telephone ______ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.A. is inventedB. inventsC. was inventedD. has invented【答案】C【解析】根据时间标志词in 1876可知用一般过去时的被动语态。主语The telephone是动作承受者，用was invented。8. The mobile phone ______ to the Internet every day by millions of people.A. connectsB. is connectedC. was connectedD. connected【答案】B【解析】every day表一般现在时，主语The mobile phone是动作承受者（被连接到互联网），用一般现在时被动语态is connected。9. This kind of smart robot ______ be used to clean the house in the future.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. need【答案】C【解析】根据in the future可知表示将来可能性。can be used‘可以被用来’表示可能性。must‘必须’、should‘应该’、need‘需要’语义不符。10. The new bridge ______ two years ago, and it ______ by thousands of people every day now.A. was built; is usedB. is built; was usedC. built; usedD. was built; used【答案】A【解析】第一个空：two years ago用一般过去时被动语态was built。第二个空：every day now用一般现在时被动语态is used。两个空主语bridge均为动作承受者。C. 短语运用11. This new kind of hearing aid ______ help deaf people hear sounds clearly.A. is designed toB. is connected toC. is responsible forD. is made of【答案】A【解析】be designed to do sth.‘被设计用来做某事’。句意为‘这种新型助听器被设计用来帮助聋人听到清晰的声音’。be connected to‘连接到’、be responsible for‘对……负责’、be made of‘由……制成’均不合语境。12. The success of this project ______ the hard work of the whole team.A. leads toB. results fromC. depends onD. connects to【答案】C【解析】depend on‘依赖于、取决于’。句意为‘这个项目的成功取决于整个团队的努力’。lead to‘导致’、result from‘由……造成’方向相反、connect to‘连接到’均不合语境。13. ______, the scientist found the right ingredient for the new medicine while doing another experiment.A. By accidentB. To his surpriseC. As a resultD. On purpose【答案】B【解析】To one's surprise‘令某人惊讶的是’。句意为‘令他惊讶的是，科学家在做另一个实验时发现了新药的合适原料’。By accident‘偶然地’通常修饰动词而非句首；As a result‘结果’、On purpose‘故意地’不合语境。14. Not finishing the experiment on time may ______ a failure of the whole project.A. connect toB. be made ofC. result inD. depend on【答案】C【解析】result in‘导致、造成’（后接结果）。句意为‘未能按时完成实验可能导致整个项目的失败’。connect to‘连接到’、be made of‘由……制成’、depend on‘取决于’均不合语境。注意result in后接结果，result from后接原因。15. The computer system ______ the Internet through a high-speed network, which allows fast data transfer.A. is designed toB. is connected toC. is responsible forD. leads to【答案】B【解析】connect to‘连接到’。句意为‘计算机系统通过高速网络连接到互联网’。be designed to‘被设计用来’、be responsible for‘对……负责’、lead to‘导致’均不合语境。Part II 完形填空（每题1分，共15分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。The sticky note is one of the most useful inventions in modern life. However, it was ___1___ quite by accident.In 1968, a scientist named Spencer Silver was trying to ___2___ a very strong glue at a company in the USA. ___3___, he created a glue that was very weak instead. The glue could stick things together, but it could also be ___4___ easily without leaving any marks. At that time, no one knew what this invention ___5___ used for.A few years later, another scientist named Arthur Fry had a ___6___. He sang in a church choir and often used small pieces of paper to mark the songs he wanted to sing. ___7___, the paper kept falling out of the book. He remembered Silver's weak glue and had an idea.Fry ___8___ the weak glue on the edges of small pieces of paper. To his great joy, the paper could stick to the book but could be peeled off ___9___ damaging the pages. The first sticky notes were then ___10___.The sticky notes were first ___11___ to the market in 1977, but they didn't sell well at first. Then the company decided to give them away for ___12___ to offices around the city. ___13___, people loved them! Soon the sticky notes became one of the best-selling ___14___ in the office supply stores.This invention tells us that sometimes a ___15___ can lead to a great invention. We should always keep a creative mind and never give up.1. A. created B. discovered C. produced2. A. invent B. design C. develop3. A. To his surprise B. By accident C. As a result4. A. pressed B. removed C. connected5. A. could be B. should be C. must be6. A. problem B. mistake C. dream7. A. Rapidly B. Usually C. However8. A. poured B. boiled C. put9. A. without B. by C. for10. A. discovered B. designed C. produced11. A. brought B. taken C. connected12. A. sale B. free C. fun13. A. To their surprise B. By accident C. On purpose14. A. collections B. inventions C. products15. A. mistake B. failure C. success【参考答案】1-A 2-C 3-A 4-B 5-A 6-A 7-B 8-C 9-A 10-C 11-A 12-B 13-A 14-C 15-A【解析】1. created意为‘创造、制造’。句意为‘便利贴完全是被偶然创造出来的’。discover‘发现’通常指发现已有的事物；produce‘生产’强调批量生产。create更强调从无到有创造新事物。2. develop意为‘开发、研制’。develop a strong glue‘研制一种强力胶’。invent侧重发明全新事物；design侧重‘设计’。此处Silver是在原有研究基础上开发新产品。3. To his surprise意为‘令他惊讶的是’。他想研制强力胶，结果却做出了弱胶，这令他感到意外。4. removed意为‘移除、去掉’。could be removed easily‘很容易被去除’。pressed‘按压’、connected‘连接’不合语境。5. could be意为‘可以被’。what this invention could be used for‘这项发明可以被用来做什么’。表示可能性用could。6. problem意为‘问题’。Arthur Fry遇到了一个问题——标记纸张总是从书里掉出来。mistake‘错误’、dream‘梦想’不合语境。7. Usually意为‘通常’。通常纸片会从书中掉落，描述一个经常发生的情况。Rapidly‘快速地’、However‘然而’不合语境。8. put意为‘放置’。put the glue on the edges‘把胶水涂在边缘上’。poured‘倾倒’用于液体、boiled‘煮沸’不合语境。9. without意为‘不、没有’。without damaging the pages‘不损坏书页’，without + doing表示‘在不……的情况下’。10. produced意为‘生产、制造’。第一批便利贴被生产出来。discovered‘发现’、designed‘设计’不如produced贴切，此处强调批量制造。11. brought意为‘带到’。be brought to the market‘被推向市场’，为固定搭配。taken‘带走’、connected‘连接’不合语境。12. free意为‘免费’。give away for free‘免费赠送’。for sale‘出售’、for fun‘为了好玩’不合语境。13. To their surprise意为‘令他们惊讶的是’。公司免费送出便利贴，结果出乎意料地受欢迎。14. products意为‘产品’。best-selling products‘最畅销的产品’。collections‘收藏品’、inventions‘发明’不如products符合商业语境。15. mistake意为‘错误’。全文主旨：一个‘错误’可能带来伟大的发明。failure‘失败’过于消极，success‘成功’与文章转折逻辑矛盾。Part III 阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage APaper is one of the most important inventions in human history. Before paper was invented, people wrote on bamboo strips, silk, or animal skins. However, these materials were either too heavy or too expensive.In the Eastern Han Dynasty (around 105 AD), Cai Lun improved the art of papermaking. He used bark, hemp fibres, old cloth and fishing nets as ingredients. First, these materials were boiled in water. Then they were beaten into a pulp. After that, the pulp was poured onto a flat screen and pressed to remove excess water. Finally, the sheets were dried in the sun.The new paper was much cheaper and lighter than bamboo or silk. It could be produced rapidly in large quantities. Soon papermaking spread across China and eventually reached the rest of the world through the Silk Road.Paper has been responsible for spreading knowledge and culture for nearly 2,000 years. Without paper, books could not have been made cheaply, and education might not have developed so rapidly. To this day, paper is still one of the most widely used materials in our daily lives.1. What did people write on before paper was invented?A. Paper and silk.B. Bamboo strips, silk, or animal skins.C. Only bamboo and wood.D. Cloth and paper.【答案】B【解析】根据第一段‘Before paper was invented, people wrote on bamboo strips, silk, or animal skins’可知答案。2. Which is the correct order of Cai Lun's papermaking process?A. boil -> beat -> pour -> press -> dryB. beat -> boil -> press -> pour -> dryC. pour -> boil -> beat -> dry -> pressD. boil -> pour -> beat -> dry -> press【答案】A【解析】根据第二段描述：首先boiled（煮沸），然后beaten（捣碎），之后poured onto a screen and pressed（倒在屏幕上并压制），最后dried（晾干）。正确顺序为A。3. What does the underlined word ‘excess’ in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. UsefulB. ExtraC. DirtyD. Clean【答案】B【解析】excess意为‘多余的、过量的’。press to remove excess water‘按压去除多余的水分’。Extra‘额外的’与excess含义一致。4. Why was Cai Lun's paper better than earlier writing materials?A. It was heavier and more expensive.B. It was cheaper and lighter.C. It was made of bamboo.D. It was produced slowly.【答案】B【解析】根据第三段‘The new paper was much cheaper and lighter than bamboo or silk’可知答案。5. What can we infer from the passage?A. Paper is no longer used today.B. Cai Lun invented paper all by himself.C. Paper played a key role in the development of education.D. Papermaking spread to the world before the Han Dynasty.【答案】C【解析】根据第四段‘Without paper, books could not have been made cheaply, and education might not have developed so rapidly’可推断纸在教育发展中起了关键作用。A与‘still one of the most widely used materials’矛盾；B与improved（改进）矛盾；D时间不符。Passage B3D printing is one of the most creative inventions of the 21st century. It is a technology that allows people to create three-dimensional objects from a digital file. The idea was first developed by Chuck Hull in 1983, and the first 3D printer was designed and produced in 1986.How does 3D printing work? First, a computer model of the object is created using special software. Then the model is connected to the 3D printer. The printer reads the design and builds the object layer by layer. Different materials can be used, such as plastic, metal, or even food. The process depends on the type of material and the complexity of the design.Today, 3D printing is used in many fields. In medicine, doctors can print artificial body parts like ears and bones. In architecture, architects can print models of buildings to show their designs. In education, students can create models to help them understand difficult concepts.However, 3D printing also faces some challenges. The cost of 3D printers is still high for many families. Also, some people worry that 3D printing could be used to make dangerous items. Despite these problems, experts believe that 3D printing will become more common and will lead to great changes in our daily lives in the future.6. When was the first 3D printer produced?A. In 1983.B. In 1986.C. In the 21st century.D. In 2023.【答案】B【解析】根据第一段‘the first 3D printer was designed and produced in 1986’可知答案。注意1983年是想法首次被提出的时间。7. What does ‘layer by layer’ in Paragraph 2 mean?A. All at onceB. One layer at a timeC. From top to bottomD. Very quickly【答案】B【解析】layer by layer意为‘一层一层地’。3D打印的工作原理是逐层构建物体。8. Which field is NOT mentioned as a use of 3D printing?A. MedicineB. ArchitectureC. AgricultureD. Education【答案】C【解析】第三段提到了medicine（医学）、architecture（建筑）和education（教育），未提到agriculture（农业）。9. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. 3D printing has no problems at all.B. 3D printing is already used in every home.C. 3D printing may bring some risks but has a bright future.D. 3D printing will replace all traditional manufacturing.【答案】C【解析】根据最后一段，3D打印面临成本和安全隐患等挑战，但专家认为它将变得更加普及并带来巨大变化。C选项准确概括了这两方面。10. What is the main idea of the passage?A. 3D printing was invented by Chuck Hull.B. 3D printing is only useful in medicine.C. 3D printing is a creative technology with both advantages and challenges.D. 3D printing is too expensive for anyone to use.【答案】C【解析】全文介绍了3D打印的原理、应用和挑战，C选项最能概括主旨。Passage CWhat will inventions look like in the future? Some people believe that in 20 years, our lives will be completely changed by new technologies. Others think that the most important inventions will not be technological at all, but rather new ways of thinking.History tells us that many great inventions were made by people who thought differently. For example, the Post-it note was created when a scientist's experiment “failed”. The microwave oven was invented when a scientist noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted near a radar machine. These inventions were not planned carefully; they happened by accident.This leads us to an important question: Can creativity be taught? Some educators believe that schools should be responsible for encouraging students to think outside the box. They argue that students should be allowed to make mistakes, because mistakes can lead to new discoveries. Other educators worry that too much freedom in the classroom may result in a lack of basic knowledge.Whatever the answer, one thing is clear: the future needs creative thinkers. As technology develops rapidly, the ability to invent and create will become more and more important. The question is not whether new inventions will come, but when - and who will create them.11. According to the passage, what do some people believe about future inventions?A. They will all be technological.B. They will change our lives completely.C. They will be made by accident only.D. They will replace all old inventions.【答案】B【解析】根据第一段‘Some people believe that in 20 years, our lives will be completely changed by new technologies’可知答案。12. Why are the Post-it note and microwave oven mentioned in the passage?A. To show that all inventions are planned carefully.B. To prove that only scientists can make inventions.C. To show that some great inventions happened by accident.D. To explain how to use a microwave oven.【答案】C【解析】根据第二段‘These inventions were not planned carefully; they happened by accident’可知作者举例是为了说明一些伟大发明是偶然发生的。13. What does ‘think outside the box’ in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Think in a traditional wayB. Think in a creative and unusual wayC. Think about boxesD. Think carefully before acting【答案】B【解析】think outside the box是一个英语习语，意为‘跳出框框思考、创造性地思考’。后文提到‘make mistakes’和‘new discoveries’也暗示创新思维。14. What is the writer's attitude towards creativity in education?A. Schools should not allow any mistakes.B. Creativity is not important for students.C. The future needs creative thinkers, and education plays a role.D. All educators agree on how to teach creativity.【答案】C【解析】根据第四段‘the future needs creative thinkers’及全文内容可知作者认为教育应培养创造性思维。A与‘allowed to make mistakes’矛盾；D与文中观点分歧矛盾。15. What is the best title for this passage?A. How to Use TechnologyB. The History of InventionsC. Creativity and the Future of InventionsD. Why Mistakes Are Bad【答案】C【解析】全文围绕创新的本质和未来发明的展望展开，C选项‘创造力与发明的未来’最能概括主题。Part IV 词汇运用（每题1分，共10分）A. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词1. The light bulb was i______ by Thomas Edison. It has changed our lives for over a century.【答案】invented【解析】invent意为‘发明’。light bulb was invented by...‘电灯是被……发明的’，被动语态过去式。2. To make traditional Chinese paper, workers need to b______ the bark and fibres in water for a long time.【答案】boil【解析】boil意为‘煮沸’。boil the bark and fibres in water‘在水中煮沸树皮和纤维’。3. This new robot is c______ by a computer program. It can clean the floor by itself.【答案】controlled【解析】control意为‘控制’。is controlled by‘被……控制’，被动语态。注意用过去分词形式。4. Scientists have found a new way to r______ pollution from factories. The method is very effective.【答案】remove【解析】remove意为‘去除、消除’。remove pollution‘消除污染’。5. The artist is very c______. She can make beautiful sculptures from old metal and plastic.【答案】creative【解析】creative意为‘有创造力的’。描述艺术家有创造力，用形容词creative作表语。B. 用所给词的适当形式填空6. The new type of paper ______ (produce) from recycled materials. It is environmentally friendly.【答案】is produced【解析】produce意为‘生产’。主语paper是动作承受者，用被动语态is produced（一般现在时，表示通常情况）。7. The ancient bridge ______ (build) over 500 years ago. It is still used today.【答案】was built【解析】build的过去分词为built。over 500 years ago表过去时间，主语bridge为动作承受者，用一般过去时被动语态was built。8. This machine can ______ (connect) to the Internet through Wi-Fi.【答案】be connected【解析】connect to‘连接到’。can be connected‘可以被连接’，含情态动词的被动语态：can + be + 过去分词。9. Many everyday objects are ______ (make) of plastic. It is a very common material.【答案】made【解析】make的过去分词为made。are made of‘由……制成’（物理变化，可看出原材料），被动语态。10. The invention of the printing press led to books being ______ (produce) much more ______ (rapid) than before.【答案】produced; rapidly【解析】第一个空：being produced是被动语态的进行时形式。第二个空：rapidly修饰动词produced，用副词形式。rapid的副词为rapidly。Part V 句型转换（每题2分，共10分）按要求改写下列句子。1. Workers produce this kind of paper from recycled materials. (改为被动语态)This kind of paper ______ ______ from recycled materials.【答案】is produced【解析】主动语态变为被动语态：主语this kind of paper + is produced (一般现在时被动)。Workers为动作执行者在被动句中可省略。2. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. (改为被动语态)The telephone ______ ______ by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.【答案】was invented【解析】主动语态变为被动语态：The telephone + was invented (一般过去时被动)。by引出动作执行者。3. People can use this tool to connect the computer to the printer. (改为被动语态)This tool ______ ______ ______ to connect the computer to the printer.【答案】can be used【解析】含情态动词can的被动语态：can + be + 过去分词。This tool can be used = 这个工具可以被使用。4. The ancient Chinese created papermaking. (改为被动语态)Papermaking ______ ______ by the ancient Chinese.【答案】was created【解析】主动语态变为被动语态：Papermaking + was created (一般过去时被动)。by引出动作执行者the ancient Chinese。5. We must control the speed of the machine. (改为被动语态)The speed of the machine ______ ______ ______.【答案】must be controlled【解析】含情态动词must的被动语态：must + be + 过去分词。control的过去分词为controlled（双写l）。Part VI 书面表达（共20分）发明改变生活。请你以 “An Invention That Changed My Life” 或 “My Dream Invention” 为题，写一篇英语短文。写作提示：1. What is the invention? (If it is your dream invention, describe what it looks like and what it can do.)2. How was it invented / How would it be invented? (Describe the process or materials.)3. What changes does it bring to people's lives?4. What can we learn from the invention or its inventor?要求：1. 语句通顺，条理清晰；2. 必须包含以上所有提示内容，可适当发挥；3. 80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；4. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；5. 至少使用两处被动语态。评分标准分档表第一档（17-20分）内容完整，涵盖所有要点；语言流畅准确，语法错误极少；正确使用被动语态（至少两处）；结构清晰，逻辑连贯；词汇丰富，能运用本单元核心词汇和短语。第二档（13-16分）内容较完整，基本涵盖要点；语言较流畅，有少量语法错误但不影响理解；基本使用被动语态；结构较清晰；能运用部分本单元词汇。第三档（8-12分）内容不够完整，遗漏部分要点；语言有较多错误，但基本能表达意思；被动语态使用不足；结构不够清晰；词汇运用较少。第四档（0-7分）内容不完整，遗漏大部分要点；语言错误较多，影响理解；未使用被动语态；缺乏逻辑结构；几乎未使用本单元所学词汇和表达。参考范文My Dream InventionInventions have changed our lives in many ways. I have always dreamed of inventing something useful. My dream invention is a smart water purifier that can be carried in a pocket.This small device is designed to clean dirty water in minutes. It is made of a special fibre that can remove harmful things from water. First, dirty water is poured into the device. Then the water is pressed through the fibre. The clean water comes out from the other side. The whole process depends on a tiny solar panel that controls the purifying speed.This invention can be responsible for solving the water problem in many poor areas. To our surprise, a small invention like this can lead to great changes. Millions of people who do not have clean water could benefit from it.From this dream, I have learned that creativity and science can work together to make the world a better place. I believe that if we keep trying, our dreams can be turned into reality one day.范文点评1. 内容完整：涵盖了题目要求的四个要点（发明是什么、如何制造/工作、带来什么变化、学到什么）。2. 被动语态运用出色：使用了is designed to、is made of、is poured、is pressed、can be responsible for、can be turned into等被动语态，超过要求的两处。3. 词汇丰富：运用了invent, design, create, fibre, remove, pour, press, depend on, be responsible for, lead to, to our surprise等本单元核心词汇和短语。4. 语法正确：被动语态使用准确，时态搭配合理，主谓一致无误。5. 结构清晰：四段式结构，逻辑连贯，从发明介绍到工作原理到社会意义到个人感悟层层递进。6. 词数约130词，符合‘80词左右’的要求（含开头句），内容充实。━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━参考答案汇总Part I 单项选择（每题1分，共15分）1-A 2-C 3-B 4-D 5-C 6-B 7-C 8-B 9-C 10-A 11-A 12-C 13-B 14-C 15-BPart II 完形填空（每题1分，共15分）1-A 2-C 3-A 4-B 5-A 6-A 7-B 8-C 9-A 10-C 11-A 12-B 13-A 14-C 15-APart III 阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage A: 1-B 2-A 3-B 4-B 5-CPassage B: 6-B 7-B 8-C 9-C 10-CPassage C: 11-B 12-C 13-B 14-C 15-CPart IV 词汇运用（每题1分，共10分）A: 1-invented 2-boil 3-controlled 4-remove 5-creativeB: 6-is produced 7-was built 8-be connected 9-made 10-produced; rapidlyPart V 句型转换（每题2分，共10分）1. is produced 2. was invented 3. can be used 4. was created 5. must be controlled