人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀单元测试课后作业题

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀单元测试课后作业题，文件包含Unit4NaturalDisasters单元测试·提升卷原卷版docx、Unit4NaturalDisasters单元测试·提升卷解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共19页， 欢迎下载使用。

第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A little knwledge and a few precautinary measures(预防措施) can greatly increase yur chances f surviving an earthquake. The key is educatin and preparatin in advance. Or when it happens, it is t late that yu take a bklet t learn then. The earthquake safety tips belw will nt make yu an expert. Hwever, they culd make a life⁃saving difference if yu find yurself in an earthquake situatin.
Befre the Earthquake
Teach all members f yur family abut earthquake safety.This includes the actin yu shuld take when an earthquake ccurs, the safe places in a rm such as under a strng desk, alng interir walls, and places t avid such as near windws, large mirrrs, hanging bjects, heavy furniture and fireplaces.
During the Earthquake
If yu are indrs, stay there. Quickly mve t a safe lcatin in the rm such as under a strng desk, under a strng table, r alng an interir wall.
If yu are utdrs, mve t an pen area where falling bjects are unlikely t strike yu. Stay away frm buildings,telegraph ples(电线杆) and trees.
If yu are driving, slw dwn smthly and stp n the side f the rad. Avid stpping n r under bridges and verpasses(立交桥), r under pwer lines, trees and large signs. Stay in yur car.
After the Earthquake
Check fr damage. If yur building is badly damaged, yu shuld leave it quickly until it has been inspected by a safety prfessinal. If yu smell r hear a gas leak(煤气泄漏), get everyne utside and pen windws and drs. If yu can d it safely, turn ff the gas. Reprt the leak t the gas cmpany and fire department. D nt use any electrical appliances because a tiny spark culd make the gas burn suddenly.
1.What is the key t surviving an earthquake?
A.Learning sme tips when an earthquake happens.
B.Cnsulting the experienced survivrs.
C.Leaving where earthquakes ften happen.
D.Educatin and preparatin in advance.
2.What d telegraph ples mean when an earthquake happens?
A.Help.B.Energy.C.Safety.D.Danger.
3.What shuld yu d when yu find yur huse is badly damaged after the earthquake?
A.Stay where yu are.B.Phne 119.
C.Leave the huse quickly.D.Find yur dear pssessins.
B
In December 2004, I had just becme a prfessinal phtgrapher and was wrking n a prject abut cmmunities wh live n the sea, knwn as sea nmads(海上游牧民族). I was living with members f the Cha⁃Ley tribe(部落) n a small island in suthern Thailand. We didn't share a language and depended n bdy language t cmmunicate.
I went t sea with them regularly. One mrning, I was due t set ut with a grup f six fishermen in a small bat. The sea lked different, with the water ttally still.
Abut 20 minutes after we left and a few miles ut in the pen sea, ne f the fishermen pinted t a small white spt far in the distance. It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly. This was a tsunami wave speeding thrugh the cean. We were in shck.
Usually, the deeper the water, the weaker the wave. But we weren't ut far enugh t be safe, nr clse enugh t shre t make it back in time. We were stuck. I began t feel really scared.
The captain tld the six f us where t sit, s we wuld balance the bat. My camera was in my backpack. I wanted t capture the scene, but I culdn't. Any mvement wuld make the bat ut f balance. Suddenly there was a huge nise. The wave hit the bat, but in a flash the skilled captain managed t swerve(突然转向) up and nt the wave. Then the bat mved frm the tip f the wave dwn int safe waters. Our eyes and muths were wide pen, and everyne let ut heavy sighs. The captain had saved us all.
Surviving gave me a deep understanding f hw imprtant life can be. I've been ging back t Sutheast Asia almst every year since. The phtgraphy prject has becme a thank⁃yu t the persn wh saved my life. The picture I wanted t take n the bat remains “the ne that gt away”—I think every phtgrapher has ne. But mine changed my life.
4.What happened befre the authr set ut with the fishermen?
A.The captain wanted t cancel the trip. B.He nticed smething unusual.
C.They saw a white spt in the distance. D.It lked as if it was abut t rain.
5.When did the authr start t feel frightened?
A.When fishermen n the bat felt nervus. B.When he realized they were trapped.
C.When the bat was abut t be hit. D.When the bat shk vilently.
6.What was the authr ding when the tsunami wave hit the bat?
A.Helping the captain swerve. B.Taking a pht f the wave.
C.Trying nt t mve. D.Reaching fr his backpack.
7.What did the authr learn frm his experience?
A.We shuld have the curage t take risks. B.Opprtunity never kncks twice.
C.Life is t shrt t be wasted. D.Smetimes regrets in life can save us.
C
Standing n the ruins after the fire where his huse had been, Peter Ruprecht admitted that he was nt sure hw r when t rebuild it. He was still shcked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drught, then a destructive bush fire, and then a ft f rain frm a strm.
“It's unstppable,” said Mr. Ruprecht, a frmer dairy farmer. “We speak abut the warmth f Mther Nature, but nature can als be vicius, wild and unfrgiving.”
Australia's hellish(极不愉快的) fire seasn has eased, but its peple are facing mre than a single disaster. With flds destrying hmes nt far frm where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle f what scientists call “cmpund extremes”: ne climate disaster strengthens the next.
Higher temperatures d mre than just dry ut the land. They als heat up the atmsphere, which means cluds hld mre misture(水汽) fr lnger perids f time. S drughts get wrse, giving way t fires, then t heavy rain that the land is t dry t absrb.
Many Australians in disaster znes cmplain that their gvernment, after ignring climate change fr years, has nt yet wrked ut recvery plans that are clear and take future risks int accunt.
At the same time, the ecnmic csts f a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lwe, gvernr f the Reserve Bank f Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that in effect it wuld nly g up.
8.Why is Peter Ruprecht mentined in Paragraph 1?
A.T aruse readers' pity. B.T intrduce the tpic.
C.T stress the prblem. D.T call n readers t help.
9.Which wrd can replace the underlined wrd “vicius” in Paragraph 2?
A.Empty. B.Kind. C.Respnsible. D.Vilent.
10.What is the main cause f “cmpund extremes” in Australia?
A.The gvernment's inactin. B.Higher temperatures.
C.The lack f mney. D.N recvery plans.
11.In which sectin f the newspaper can we read this passage?
A.Fd. B.Travel. C.Climate. D.Agriculture.
D
Effrts were underway in Bangladesh t deliver fd and drinking water t millins f peple struggling after a heavy rain led t flding, which struck a quarter f the cuntry. There are arund 3.5 millin Bangladeshis at risk f river flding every year accrding t a 2015 reprt by the Wrld Bank.
On Wednesday, at least 17 f the cuntry's 64 districts(地区), mstly in the nrthern and nrth⁃eastern Sylhet, were suffering frm the natural disaster. Gvernment fficials said at least 36 peple had been killed and abut 4.5 millin peple had been stuck s far. The flds als caused damage t agriculture (农业), electricity, and clean water supply.
Sylhet is amng the wrst affected, with several areas withut electricity. “Many peple are in great need f fd and drinking water,” said Enam Ahmed, 45, living in the wrst⁃hit Sunmaganj district. “There is water everywhere but n drinking water. Fld shelters are filled with peple but they are nt getting enugh fd,” he said.
The situatin in Bangladesh has been wrsened by rainwater falling dwn frm the surrunding hills f India's Meghalaya state, which received mre than 970 mm (abut 38 inches) f rain n Sunday, accrding t a gvernment reprt.
“The fld situatin in the three Barak valley districts cntinues t be very serius. Army rescuers have evacuated thusands f trapped peple t safe places. 14 rescue teams with mre than 70 bats and ver 400 men have been pressed int actin in the heavily flded districts,” said a lcal fld cntrl fficial. Abut 5.5 millin peple have been displaced, abut 3.7 millin f whm are staying in gvernment⁃run temprary(临时的) shelters n higher grund.
Lcals in the fld⁃affected areas said they had never seen such serius flds befre.
12.What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A.The rle played by gvernment fficials. B.The peple trapped in the disaster.
C.The number f districts in the cuntry. D.The damage caused by the flds.
13.What d we knw abut the fld shelters?
A.There is a crying need fr fd. B.They can prvide enugh clean water.
C.They are t ld t hld peple. D.There are few villagers staying inside.
14.What des the underlined wrd “displaced” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.Called n. B.Checked ut. C.Mved away. D.Sent in.
15.What can we infer frm the text?
A.Mre rescue effrts are needed. B.The flds hit the whle cuntry.
C.The disaster is the biggest ever. D.Rivers natinwide are at risk.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Earthquakes can strike withut warning. But many injuries and deaths frm this kind f natural disaster can be prevented if peple fllw these safety tips.
If yu're inside a building, stay there! One f the mst dangerus things t d in an earthquake is try t leave a building. 16 Drp t the flr. Get under smething that is nt easily damaged. Hld n t it until the shaking stps. Yu can als get t a crner frmed by tw walls with yur arms ver yur head. If yu're in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and prtect yur head with a pillw.
17 Dn't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric ples r tall buildings. If yu are driving, stp as quickly as pssible and stay away frm verpasses(高架桥), buildings, bridges r anything else that might fall r cllapse. 18
If yu're trapped in ruins, cver yur muth with a handkerchief r a piece f clth. Use yur cellphne t call fr help if pssible. Dn't shut. 19 Tap n the pipe r the wall s rescuers can find yu.
Be prepared fr aftershcks. 20 Hwever, smetimes they even happen mnths later. Therefre, if yu are nt in a safe place after the first shck, yu shuld mve quickly but carefully t a safer place.
A.Dn't mve arund r kick up dust.
B.If yu're utside, g t an pen space.
C.Shuting can cause yu t breathe in dust.
D.Dn't park yur car under a tree r any tall bjects.
E.Take a gd hld f yur cellphne in the building.
F.They can happen in the first hurs after the earthquake.
G.Mst injuries happen when peple inside buildings try t g ut.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When Hurricane Laura 21 the city f Lake Charles, an evacuatin(疏散;撤离) was rdered. But fr the 19 newbrn babies, leaving was pretty much 22 . Members at the hspital were 23 that they'd remain with them until the danger passed.
With the strng wind thrugh the twn, Dr. Juan Bssan with 14 nurses, and sme ther 24 stayed behind in the NICU, 25 their little babies in turn. Later, fr their safety, they sent the babies t their main campus acrss the 26 in under tw hurs. The whle hspital went all ut t make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the 27 .
Unfrtunately, during the night the air cnditining was 28 ut and water was cut ff in the hspital. Thrughut the hurricane, Dr. Bssan kept anxius parents calm by frequent 29 n his Facebk page.
The strm ver, the babies were sent t ther NICUs where necessary services hadn't been 30 by the hurricane. “This mrning, the babies were 31 . Thank gdness, I finally gt a cuple f hurs f 32 ,” said Bssan. It's imprtant t knw the devtin f all the nurses and dctrs t keep taking care f the babies when they didn't even knw the 33 f their hmes. “In a small twn like this, peple have t 34 . I'm prud f them,” Bssan 35 .
B.leftC.hit D.beat
B.necessaryC.imprtant D.suitable
B.wrriedC.annyed D.determined
B.parentsC.dctrs D.friends
fr B.caring frC.asking fr D.waiting fr
B.cuntryC.schl D.university
B.tripC.day D.plan
B.turnedC.checked D.called
B.titlesC.tpics D.psts
B.trappedC.suffered D.affected
B.safe C.awake D.calm
B.fcusC.energy D.entertainment
B.designC.cnditin D.impressin
tgether B.cme tgetherC.pull tgether D.get tgether
B.addedC.intrduced D.advanced
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Drughts Cause Prblems fr China
This summer has brught serius heat and drughts t places arund the wrld. The drughts are leading t serius prblems, 36 (include) fd and energy shrtages, transprtatin prblems, and price increases. The effect f the drughts is likely t be felt fr years.
China 37 (face) with similar prblems nw, t. It has been trubled by a terrible drught this summer, with temperatures as high as 45℃. The drught has dried up much f the Yangtze River, China's 38 (lng) river. That has cut the amunt(数量) f pwer 39 is prduced by the wrld's largest dam by 40%.
China hasn't been able t prduce enugh pwer, since millins f peple are using electricity t keep cl. In Sichuan Prvince, the gvernment is clsing 40 (factry) dwn because there's nt enugh energy. The cuntry is trying t make it rain by 41 (send) chemicals int cluds, which, hwever, is 42 uncertain and temprary(临时的) measure.
There are n easy ways fr any f these drughts. 43 has taken years t create the climate prblem, and getting it under cntrl will take mre time. Fr nw, gvernments and peple will need t 44 (careful) manage water supplies and ther things 45 (stp) the damage.
第三部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
昨天A市(A city)发生了严重洪灾,人、建筑物、汽车被大水冲走,损失惨重。请根据下面提供的信息,为某英语报社写一篇80词左右的新闻报道,报道的标题已给出。内容包括:
1.受灾情况:如人员伤亡(多达50人死亡,数百人受伤);很多建筑物损毁;供水、供电中断等;
2.救援情况:军队、医务人员等;
3.赈灾措施:运送生活物资;人们捐款等。
注意:结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
A Terrible Fld

With a large dnatin and jint effrts f all the peple, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up n its feet sn.
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Cats are a mysterius kind f animal—there is mre passing in their minds than we knw f. I can't agree mre with this because f my recent experience.
It was the Sunday befre Labr Day, and I was tired after spending the day at a picnic in a relative's garden. I lked ut f the windw befre climbing nt bed. Stars filled the night sky, and crickets(蟋蟀) gently sang in the darkness. All seemed right with the wrld.
My big, ld black⁃and⁃white cat, Ore, lay at the ft f the bed where he slept every night, keeping my feet warm. I climbed nt bed and immediately fell int a deep sleep.
I had just fallen asleep when Ore wke me up by walking ver my stmach. I lked at the bedside clck: 3:10 am. I had n idea why Ore was trubling me. He'd never dne that befre unless I verslept in the mrning, but that usually happened at 8:00 am, nt in the middle f the night.
I pushed Ore ff me, rlled ver and pulled the blanket (毯子) ver my head. But Ore didn't stp. He stepped n my head and began t make nises ludly.
“Ore,” I said. “G back t sleep.”
But Ore wuldn't stp. He kept walking n my stmach and legs, cntinuing t truble me. Suddenly, there was a crash f thunder(雷), and I sat up n the bed and lked ut f the windw. Lightning filled the sky. Strng winds blew thrugh the windw. Rain started t cme dwn hard, making it almst impssible t see the trees in the yard. Sn the wind was picking up and the branches f the trees were mving vilently(强烈地). A terrible strm had started.
Seeing the sight, I was struck with hrrr. Thinking that it was nt safe t stay in the huse, I climbed ut f bed, put n my clthes, and held Ore in my arms.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
We headed fr the basement(地下室).






Paragraph 2:
I discvered that my huse had been damaged(损坏) by a fallen tree.