外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature课后练习题

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature课后练习题，共13页。
【教材原句】
This train has been racing alng steadily since it left Xining. (教材P62)
All this time, the sng “Sky Railway” has been playing inside my head. (教材P62)
Thirty-three passages have been built under the railway t allw the animals t mve safely and freely in their natural habitat. (教材P63)
Wild animals such as these Tibetan antelpes have nw been using these passages fr years. (教材P63)
The jurney has been flying by, and befre I knw it, we have reached Tanggula Statin. (教材P63)
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been attracting peple’s admiratin fr centuries. (教材P63)
Nw, thanks t ur effrts, passengers frm all ver the cuntry have been enjying these magical landscapes. (教材P63)
【辨析】
两者都有“现在完成”，但意思稍有不同。
现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，到说话时已经完成，且强调对现在造成的影响。
现在完成进行时 表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在， 而且仍然在继续。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①当动词是延续性动词时，两者可换用。
= 2 \* GB3 ②当强调未完成或动作要持续下去时，一般只用现在完成进行时
【例句呈现】
Recently he has interviewed the famus table tennis player.
最近，他采访了那个著名的乒乓球运动员。
He has been interviewing the famus table tennis player.
他一直在采访那位乒乓球运动员。
These bys have finished their hmewrk, s they can g ut t play.
这些孩子已经完成了作业，因此他们可以出去玩了。
Yu lk very tired. What have yu been ding?
你看起来很累的样子，一直在做什么？
Student pranksters have dne cnsiderable damage t the schl buildings.
恶作剧的学生对学校的建筑造成相当大的损坏。
This man has dne nthing wrng.
这位男子没有做过不正当的事。
She has dne mre t divide the Cnservatives than anyne else
她在分裂保守党这件事上所起的作用比任何人都大。
Bilgical systems have been ding this fr billins f years
生物系统亿万年来一直都是这样。
Sme scientists have been ding research n artificial internal rgans.
一些科学家一直在研究人造内脏。
We will cntinue t d what we have been ding. Nthing changes."
我们会继续做我们一直在做的。没有什么会发生变化。”
What she has dne/has been ding is perfectly legal.
她的所作所为是完全合法的。
I have dne/have been ding wdwrk fr many years.
我做木工好多年了。
【考点过关】
用现在完成时或现在完成进行时填空
1. S far d yu knw what thse naughty bys _______ (d)?
2. I __________ (wrk) here since I mved here in 1999.
3. This research ______ (d) much t advance ur understanding f language learning.
4. She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
5. She _______ (d) her best t keep calm but finds herself trembling with tensin.
6. Thse wh _______ (d) evil shuld immediately stp, repent and start anew and make amends fr their crimes by gd deeds.
7. S far I _________ (make) quite a few friends here.
8. Sme American scientists ________ (d) well in develping markets fr many years.
9. The ld man ________ (repair) cars fr thirty years.
10. He _______ (d) this srt f wrk fr years and will cntinue.
11. And driving n Mars is exactly what planetary scientist Steve Square _______ (d) since 2004 and it will never stp.
12. Jack ________ (practice) Tai Chi fr mre than a year.
【参考答案】
1. have dne; 2. have wrked/have been wrking; 3. has dne/has been ding; 4. has lived/has been living; 5. has dne; 6. have been ding; 7. have made; 8. have been ding/have dne; 9. has been repairing/has repaired; 10. has been ding; 11. has been ding; 12. has been practicing/has practiced
●vercme；cnquer
【教材原句】
Taking years t cmplete, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is a recrd f all f ur effrts t vercme the mst difficult engineering challenges. (教材P62)
【辨析】
两者都有“战胜”的意思，但其含义有一定区别。
vercme 意思是“克服，解决，战胜”，宾语常常是困难、问题、障碍等。
cnquer 意思是“征服，占领，攻占，克服”，宾语常常是国家、民族，自然界的客观事物，如，高山，大海，河流等等。
温馨提示：两者都可指战胜对手，消除或克服差异，克服或战胜心理方面的问题，如，恐惧，悲伤，焦虑等，这时两者可换用。
【例句呈现】
She vercame/cnquered her natural diffidence and spke with great frankness.
她克服了胆怯的毛病，非常坦率地说出了自己的想法。
The tw parties managed t vercme/cnquer their differences n the issue.
两个政党设法弥合了在这个问题上的分歧。
She vercame/cnquered injury t win the Olympic gld medal.
她战胜了伤痛，赢得了奥运会金牌。
She was trying t vercme/cnquer her physical repugnance fr him.
她努力克制对他非常强烈的反感。
In the final game Sweden easily vercame/cnquered France.
在决赛中，瑞典队轻松战胜了法国队。
S far, we have managed t vercme all the bstacles that have been placed in ur path.
至此，我们已设法排除了设置在道路上的一切障碍。
Find a way t vercme yur difficulties.
找出办法战胜困难。
I then realized hw pssible it was t vercme/cnquer yur limitatins.
那时我才意识到，人克服自身局限的可能性到底有多大。
Western fficials say the prblem is minr, and shuld be quickly vercme.
西方官员称这个问题并不严重，应该很快就会解决。
I wuld vercme/cnquered any weakness, any despair, any fear.
我要克服所有的软弱、绝望和恐惧。
The Nrmans cnquered England in 1066.
诺尔曼人于1066年征服了英格兰。
Mnt Blanc was cnquered in 1786.
勃朗峰于1786年被征服。
【考点过关】
根据vercme和cnquer用法，用其适当形式填空。
1. The wrld champin ______ yet anther challenger last night.
2. The night befre the test I _______ by fear and despair
3. I ________ my mral scruples at last.
4. They had t _______ frmidable bstacles.
5. During 1936, Musslini _______ Abyssinia
6. Human beings are learning t ______ all kinds f natural disasters.
7. The Spanish _______ the New Wrld in the sixteenth century.
8. S far, we ________ the enemy.
9. When will scientists ________ the stars?
10. The lng-cherished dream f _________ the Huanghe River will becme a reality.
11. Man will ________ nature.
12. Smething gave me the strength __________ the difficulty
13. T succeed, yu must learn ________ bstacles.
14. Early in the eleventh century the whle f England _______ again by the Vikings.
15. In the wake f develpments in science and technlgy, man has becme mre capable f _______ nature.
16. There is always ne thing ________ anther.
【参考答案】
1. cnquered/vercame; 2. was vercme/cnquered; 3. vercame/cnquered; 4. vercme; 5. cnquered; 6. cnquer; 7. cnquered; 8. have cnquered; 9. cnquer; 10. cnquering; 11. cnquer; 12. t vercme; 13. t vercme; 14. was cnquered; 15. cnquering; 16. t cnquer/vercme
●climate; weather
【教材原句】
In lcatins such as this, the thin air, changeable weather and high levels f UV radiatin presented perhaps the greatest challenge fr railway wrkers. (教材P63)
【辨析】
三者都与气象有关，但含义上有一定区别。
climate意思是“气候;气候区;倾向;思潮;风气;环境气氛”。做“气候”讲时，指某一地区常年长期的天气情况，包括气温、干旱程度、降雨量等。
weather意思是“天气，气象”， 通常指某一地区短期内具体的气象变化，包括晴雨寒暖等情况, 属于气候内容的一种表现。
【例句呈现】
He was nt used t the lcal climate.
他不习惯当地的气候。
Fr mst f the year, we have a dry climate in Beijing.
一年中大部分时间，北京的气候都很干燥。
The climate in this regin is unwhlesme.
这个地区的气候于健康不利。
It is difficult t find wrk in the present ecnmic climate.
在目前这种经济大气候下很难找到工作。
Yu'll sn get used t the climate here.
你会很快习惯这儿的气候的。
This will nt be pssible in the changed ecnmic climate.
这在经济气候已经改变的条件下是不可能的。
Scial nrm requests that the translatin mtivatin be in accrdance with the scial climate.
社会规范是指社会思潮要求翻译目的与之吻合。
The biggest ranking criteria in the whle survey is plitical and scial climate.
美世调查报告最重要的一项标准就是政治和社会风气。
There's ging t be a change in the weather.
天气将有变化。
Gas and il cnsumptin always increases in cld weather.
燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。
The bad weather is causing prblems fr many farmers.
恶劣的天气给许多农民造成了困难。
The weather was very kind t us.
天气非常宜人。
The weather gt s bad that we had t turn back.
天气变得非常恶劣，我们不得不循原路折回。
Weather satellites have bserved a ring f vlcanic ash girdling the earth
气象卫星观测到一个环绕地球的火山灰带。
Accrding t the weather frecast, frst is expected tmrrw mrning.
据气象预报，明晨将有霜冻。
【考点过关】
用climate和weather填空
1. What was the ________ like n yur vacatin?
2. _______ change f the whle wrld is still very much a subject fr debate.
3. Yu shuld g utdrs in such fine _______.
4. The article puts frward a new thery t explain changes in the ___________ f the wrld.
5. The _______ is very changeable at this time f year.
6. We need t create a ________ in which business can prsper.
7. The game was called ff because f bad _______ weather.
8. The ________ f plitical cnfusin has nly reinfrced the cuntry's ecnmic decline.
9. It wuld be dangerus t risk ging ut in this ________.
10. The religius ________ at the time refused new ideas.
11. A red sky at night ften indicates fine ________ the next day.
12. The warm _______ favrs many types f trpical plants.
13. The _______ at the mment is nt typical fr July.
14. If the _______ in the wrld changes cntinue, we will suffer the cnsequences.
15. Wrk n the building was impeded by severe _______.
16. As a new psychlgical ________, psitive psychlgy advcates that psychlgy shuld research psitive traits f mankind itself.
17. Accrding t the ________ frecast, there will be a gale tmrrw.
18. T maintain a psitive schl ________ the cmmunity fllws these guidelines fr student behavir.
19. ________ statins are scattered all ver the vast plains and the muntain regins.
【参考答案】
1. weather; 2. Climate; 3. weather; 4. climate; 5. weather; 6. climate; 7. weather; 8. climate; 9. weather; 10. climate; 11. weather; 12. climate; 13. weather; 14. climate; 15. weather; 16. climate; 17. weather; 18. climate; 19. Weather
●whether; if（是否）
【教材原句】
Here in ur city, there is a heated discussin abut whether a htel shuld be built at White Beach. (教材P67)
【辨析】
两者都表示“是否”，但用法有一定区别。
whether = 1 \* GB3 ①引导主语从句可位于句首，if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾, 用it 做形式主语放句首。 = 2 \* GB3 ②介词之后宾语从句只能用whether引导，不能用if。 = 3 \* GB3 ③whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句, if则不能。 = 4 \* GB3 ④whether可以和动词不定式连用，if 则不能。 = 5 \* GB3 ⑤在whether …… r nt 的固定搭配中, 一般不用if 。whether和if都可用it作形式主语从句中。 = 6 \* GB3 ⑥在discuss/cnsider等某些动词之后，只能用whether，不能用if引导宾语从句。
if 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether.
【例句呈现】
I dn’t knw whether they will cme r nt.
我不知道他们是否回来。
I dn’t knw if / whether it will snw tmrrw.
我不知道明天是否会下雪。
Can yu tell me whether t g swimming after supper?
你能告诉我饭后去哪儿游泳吗？
I wrry abut whether he will be angry with me.
我担心他是否生我的气。
Yu shuld cnsider whether the car yu are interested in is gd value.
你应该考虑你感兴趣的小汽车是否有价值。
I can’t decide whether t stay.
我不能决定是否留下。
I want t knw whether it’s gd news r nt.
我想知道是否是好消息。
His father is wrried abut whether he will lse his wrk.
他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。
Whether they can finish the wrk n time is still a prblem.
他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
I want t knw whether/if he lives there.
我想知道是否他住在那儿。
【考点过关】
用whether和if填空
1. He asked me _______ I culd help him.
2. ______ the 2000 Olympic Games will be in Beijing is nt knwn yet.
3. Success depends n _______ we make enugh effrt.
4. It's uncertain he'll cme this evening.
5. The questin is ________ it is nt wrth ding.
6. The questin ________ the students answered crrectly shuld be decided by the teacher.
7. We are uncertain Mary will cme.
8. Please tell us ________ t g r stay here.
9. We discussed ________ we shuld clse the shp.
10. He asked me _______ I hadn't finished my wrk.
11. I can't decide ________ t buy this pen r that ne.
12. My questin is _______ the Chinese team can g further.
13. _______ I can pass the exam isn’t clear.
【参考答案】
1. whether/if; 2. Whether; 3. whether; 4. whether/if; 5. whether; 6. whether; 7. whether/if; 8. whether; 9. whether; 10. if; 11. whether; 12. whether; 13. Whether
●supply; prvide; ffer
【教材原句】
The wrking hurs are flexible and accmmdatin is prvided. (教材P68)
【辨析】
三者都可表示 “供给、提供”，但用法表达有一定区别。
supply表示“供应；补充；弥补”，一般强调替换或补足所需之物以及弥补缺陷，满足要求，常用于supply sb. with sth.= supply sth. t sb.结构。还可作名词，意为“供给（量）；物资；存货”，常用复数形式。
prvide表示“供给，提供，装备；准备”，常强调有预见，通过储存等方式为应对意外、紧急情况等做准备，以便需要时提供所需物品。常用于prvide sb. with sth. = prvide sth. fr/t sb.结构。有时supply 和 prvide 可以互换。
ffer 表示“提出，提供；呈现”，着重强调主动向别人提供物品、帮助和服务等。常用于ffer t d sth..；ffer sb. sth.= ffer sth. t/fr sb./sth. 句型。
【例句呈现】
Supplies f fd are almst exhausted.
贮存的食物快吃完了。
We cannt guarantee adequate supplies f raw materials.
我们不能保证提供充足的原料。
A transprt plane carrying fd and medical supplies fr refugees has arrived.
一架为难民运送食物和医疗用品的运输机已经到了。
Their aim was t blck guerrilla supply lines.
他们的目的是封锁游击队的供给线。
They are at the end f their fd supply.
他们的食物储备已消耗殆尽。
We are here t prvide a service fr the public.
我们来这里是为公众服务。
The cmpany has wn a cntract t supply bks and materials t schls.
这家公司得到了一份向学校供应图书资料的合同。
Water supplies t the huse are at lw pressure.
这房子的供水压很低。
The hspital has a cmmitment t prvide the best pssible medical care.
这家医院承诺要提供最好的医疗服务。
The netwrk will prvide cmputer services t yur hme.
这个网络将为家庭提供全方位的计算机服务。
A firewall prvides an essential security blanket fr yur cmputer netwrk.
防火墙为计算机网络提供了基本安全保障。
The schl prvided fd fr the students.
学校为学生提供伙食。
They prvided us with all the bks we need.
他们为我们提供所需要的所有书籍。
The bank prvided/supplied him with a lan $100,000.
银行为他提供了10万美元的贷款。
She ffered me a cup f tea.
她给我端了杯茶。
He ffered t g instead f me.
他主动提出代替我去。
Several peple were passing but nbdy ffered t help.
有几个人擦肩而过，却没有人主动提出帮助。
She ffered us five different kinds f cake.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
【考点过关】
根据supply, prvide和ffer的用法填空
1. Our _______ (supply) were running ut.
2. Teachers prvide a mdel ______ children t imitate.
3. The charity aims ________ (prvide) assistance t peple in need.
4. The cars will _______ (supply) t peple all ver the cuntry.
5. Cws supply us _______ milk.
6. In Britain milk is supplied ______ each huse in bttles.
7. We _______ (ffer, prvide) custmers a free hme delivery service.
8. The statistics ffer further supprt _______ ur thery.
9. We _______ (ffer , supply, prvide) a persnal service t all ur custmers.
10. His cmpany ffers a flexible packaging service _______ the fd industry.
【参考答案】
1. supplies; 2. fr/t; 3. prvide; 4. supplied; 5. with; 6. t; 7. ffer; 8. t/fr; 9. ffer/supply/prvide; 10. fr/t
●serve as; act as; wrk as
【教材原句】
He als wrked as a presenter fr the Natinal Gegraphic Channel, befre ging n t write a bk abut his experiences. (教材P69)
【辨析】
三者都有“充当，担任”的意思，多数情况下可以换用，但有些微的区别。
wrk as 意思是“充当，是….身份；做…..工作”，后一般接人，跟表示职业的名词居多。
act as 意思是“充当，担任，扮演，起作用”，后接人或物，一般可以与serve as和wrk as 换用，但act as作“扮演”时，一般不可换用。
serve as意思是“充当，担任，起作用”，后接人或物。
【例句呈现】
Yu are ging t act as ur sle agent in Brazil.
你将要担任我方在巴西的总代理。
This kind f system can act as part f the perating system.
这种系统能充当操作系统的一部分。
Dust bags act as a filter and suctin will be reduced if they are t full
集尘袋起着过滤的作用，所集的灰尘太多时其吸附作用就会减小。
I asked my bss t act as a g-between.
我请我的老板当中间人。
Alchlic drinks act as a pisn t a child.
酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。
He vlunteered t serve as the manager f ur department stre.
他自荐当我们商场的经理。
America cannt indefinitely serve as the breadbasket fr the wrld
美国不可能无限期地作为世界的粮仓。
A grup f piers n a cmmercial waterfrnt that serve as a general landing area fr ships r bats.
作船只靠岸用的商业港口上的一组码头.
Trees give ff large quantities f water and serve as cling agents.
树木释放出大量的水分，可以起到降温的作用。
she was elected t serve as secretary f the lcal party.
她当选为地方党组织的书记。
After that, he mved t Seattle t wrk as an engineer with Being
之后他到西雅图为波音公司担任工程师
The Chinese accunt fr 461 and wrk mstly as translatrs r general service prviders.
其中中国人有461个，主要担任翻译或者提供一般性服务。
When she grws up, Millie wuld like t attend Penn State and then wrk as a detective in law enfrcement.
米莉长大后想要进入宾州大学，随后在执法部门担任侦探。
I wrk as a prgrammer in the sftware cmpany.
我在那间软件公司担任程式员。
【考点过关】
根据act as, serve as, wrk as.的用法填空
1. I was hired by the Persnnel Sectin and tld t ______ a secretary.
2. Nw, small twns in Suth India ______ ecnmic and cultural centers fr the surrunding villages.
3. In my summer hlidays, I used t _______ a part-time interpreter in several freign cmpanies.
4. But the 24-year-ld Harry Ptter star was attending a very different type f pht call as she cntinued t ______ a UN Gdwill Ambassadr.
5. I agree t _______ chairman f the meeting.
6. Let these wrds f mine ________ a warning t yu.
7. Every Christmas I used t _______ a temprary pstman in my village, helping t deliver the seasnal avalanche f parcels and greeting cards.
8. The table used t ______ a htel desk.
9. My mm can ________ a guard.
10. Tm will _______ the chief actr in the film.
11. The large bx can _______ serve as a desk t.
12. I’ll ______ assistant editr n a trade jurnal in the fd field, where my tasks included a great deal f interviewing and persnal cntact with members f the industry.
13. A trained dg can _______ a guide t a blind persn.
14. But a typewriter was t limited t _______ a mdel.
15. I'll ________ interpreter.
【参考答案】
1. wrk as/act as/serve as; 2. act as/serve as; 3. wrk as/act as/serve as; 4. wrk as/act as/serve as; 5. wrk as/act as/serve as; 6. serve as/act as; 7. wrk as/act as/serve as; 8. act as/serve as; 9. wrk as/act as/serve as; 10. act as; 12. wrk as/serve as/act as; 13. act as/wrk as/serve as; 14. serve as/act as; 15. wrk as/act as/serve as