高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature授课课件ppt

现在完成进行时

[观察例句]

观察下列句子，并指出黑体部分的时态及语法作用

1．He has been writing a novel，which will be finished next month.

现在完成进行时　表示未完成的动作

2．He has written a novel，which is being prepared to come out now.

现在完成时　表示动作已经完成

3．I have been visiting my hometown recently，and it impresses me differently each time.

现在完成进行时　表示动作的重复

4．I have visited my hometown recently，whose changes have left a deep impression on me.

现在完成时　表示一次性动作

5．Recently she has always been helping me.

现在完成进行时　具有感情色彩

6．Recently she has helped me a lot.

现在完成时　陈述一种事实

[归纳用法]

一、现在完成进行时

1．基本结构：have/has been doing

2．基本用法：

(1)表示一个在过去开始，而在最近刚刚结束的动作

We have been waiting for you for half an hour.(动作刚结束)

我们一直等了你半个小时。

I'm rather tired.I have been playing basketball since breakfast.(动作刚结束)

我很累。自从吃过早饭以来一直在打篮球。

(2)表示一个从过去开始，持续到现在并将继续进行的动作

The Chinese have been making paper for over two thousand years.(动作还将继续下去)

中国人已有2 000多年的造纸历史。

I have been learning English since three years ago.(动作还将继续下去)

自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。

(3)表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。

You have been coughing a lot lately.(关切)

近来你一直咳嗽。

Too much has been happening today.(感慨)

今天真是个多事的日子啊。

He has always been studying hard.(赞许)

他学习一直很刻苦。

[即学即练1]　单句语法填空

①Inventors have been trying (try) to make flying cars since the 1930s.

②Dashan，who has been learning (learn) crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand­up tradition.

③—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars.We have been waiting (wait) here for more than two hours.

④—Tony，why are your eyes red?

—I have been cutting(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.

⑤It is reported that the project has been completed (complete)．

二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

1．现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。

I have written a book.(动作已经完成)

我已经写了一本书。

They have been building a bridge.(动作还将继续下去)他们一直在建造一座桥。

2．现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。

The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon.

整个下午，这位修理工一直在修那辆车。

The repairman has repaired your car，and you can have it now.

修理工已修好了你的车，现在你可以把它开走。

[名师点津]

有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，这些动词为：

状态动词：be，have，exist等；

情感动词：like，love，hate等；

感官动词：see，hear，know，feel，sound等；

短暂性动词：finish，marry，get up，come，go 等。

I have known him for years.

我认识他已经好几年了。

They have finished the work.

他们已经完成了工作。

[即学即练2]　单句语法填空

①There has existed (exist) an old temple since the Ming Dynasty.

②I have been teaching (teach) English for almost twenty years，and I will step in another new teaching year.

③He hasn't felt (not feel) himself since yesterday.

④The manager has been telling(tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 a．m.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．In the last few years，China has made (make) great achievements in this field.

2．Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached (reach) so far.

3．Marty has been working (work) hard on his book and he'll have finished it by Friday.

4．They have been working (work) on the perfection of the new model.

5．Oh no！We're too late.The train has left (leave)．

6．He has been reading(read) in the library since it opened this morning.

7．—Take a break，Amy.You have been practising (practise) the piano all the morning.

—I'd like to，but this time next week I will be giving a concert at the concert hall.

8．Tom has been working (work) in the library every day over the last three months.

9．I have been writing letters this morning and I have written for four hours so far.(write)

10．—What bad weather! I am sick of it here.

—So am I．It has been raining (rain) since last Friday.Wish we could see the sun tomorrow.

Ⅱ.短文语法填空

My wish is 1.to go(go) to a key university.I 2.have been studying(study) for many years.But I 3.have been(be) poor in English since I went to junior school.My English teacher insists 4.on my listening and writing.I 5.have been listening(listen) English every morning to improve it.Because I 6.have been wasting(waste) a lot of time，it is hard to catch up with other students.After 7.going(go) to high school，I 8.have been staying(stay) up late into the night and 9.have been getting(get) up early in the morning.I 10.have been writing(write) two compositions every day.I think I should spare no effort to improve my English and achieve my dream.