高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope练习

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope练习，共14页。

【教材原句】
This, hwever, is nthing cmpared t the train. (教材P62)
【辨析】
两者都有“把…..和…..比较/相比”的意思，但有一定区别。
cmpare…. t….. 意思是 = 1 \* GB3 ①把…..与…..比较/相比，此时，可与cmpare …. With…. 互换。 = 2 \* GB3 ②把…..比作/比喻为…..，表示这一意思时，不可与cmpare ….. with…. 互换。
cmpare….with…. 意思是“把…..与…..比较/相比”, 指研判人与人之间、事物与事物之间相同或相异的程度, cmpare 的名词是cmparisn, 请注意以下词组：
cmpare ntes with sb. 与某人交换意见。
by/in cmparisn with、t….与….相比
cmpare A and B 意思是“对比A和B”
【例句呈现】
Cmpare this t/with that, and yu’ll see which is better.
把这个和那个相比，你就能看出哪个更好。
Michael’s new huse is like a huge palace, cmpared t/with his ld ne.
与迈克的旧房子比起来，他的新房子像个大宫殿。
Nthing can cmpare with/t a mther’s lve.
没有什么能与母爱相比。
This huse desn’t cmpare with/t ur previus ne.
这房子不如我们以前的房子。
Please cmpare yur translatin with/t the mdel translatin n the blackbard.
请把你们的翻译和黑板上的翻译例子相比较。
We cmpared the brave man t a lin.
我们把勇敢的人比作雄狮。
Yung peple are ften cmpared t the rising sun.
年轻人常被比作冉冉升起的太阳。
We ften cmpare a teacher t a candle．
我们常把老师比喻成蜡烛。
Pets have cmpared sleep t death.
诗人将睡眠比作死。
Bks can be cmpared t friends.
书可以比喻为朋友。
It’s easier t cmpare British and American English nw that we have the Internet.
有了互联网，我们就更容易比较英式英语和美式英语了。
【考点过关】
根据cmpare的用法填空
1. Film has a much shrter histry, especially when ________ (cmpare) t such art frms as music and painting.
2. Yu’ll be cmpared _______ a giant when yu devte yurself t cuntry.
3. Our wrk can be cmpared _______ a battle.
4. The by always cmpared his tys ________ ther bys’ tys.
5. Shakespeare cmpared the wrld ______ a stage.
6. _______ with ther years, we received many mre phts.
7. I intended t cmpare ntes _______ a friend, but unfrtunately they culdn’t spare me even ne minute.
8. _______ with silk, cttn is cheap.
9. By/In cmparisn ________ last year, the price f beef has increased.
10. Wrst f all, I get a larger quantity f hmewrk, _________ t them.
【参考答案】
1. cmpared; 2. t; 3. t; 4. with/t; 5. t; 6. Cmpared; 7. with; 8. Cmpared; 9. with/t; 10. cmpared
●because; since；as; fr
【教材原句】
Because there’s n air cnditining, the temperature inside the train can reach 35 degree! (教材P62)
【辨析】
四个词都可以表示“因为”，但是语气和用法有一定区别。其语气由强至弱依次为：because → since → as → fr; 其中because, since, as均为从属连词，引导原因状语从句；而fr 是并列连词，引导并列句。
because，通常指听者所不知道的直接原因，语气最强。一般用来回答why引出的问句，常位于主句之后，在强调句型中，如果强调的是原因状语从句，只能用because引导这个状语从句。
since，一般表示明显的或已为人所知的理由，侧重主句的意思，常译为“因为”、“既然”，相当于nw that, 语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，偶尔也可以放句尾，有时表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。
as 一般表示双方都知道的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不够重要，与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。往往是，从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从句并重。
fr是并列连词，一般不表示直接原因，常表示补充说明的理由，它所引导的分句只能放在另外一个分句后面，且前后两个分句在逻辑意义上不一定是因果关系，与前一个分句之间必修用逗号隔开，这一用法常见于较正式的书面语中。
【例句呈现】
Life was harder then because neither f us had a jb.
那时生活比较艰苦，因为我俩都没有工作。
The party went well because everyne entered int the spirit f things.
晚会很成功，因为每个人都很投入。
Nthing will be dne because n ne in authrity takes the matter seriusly.
什么也办不了，因为掌权的谁也不认真对待这个问题。
Since the rain has stpped, let’s g fr a walk.
既然雨停了，我们出去散散步吧。
Since we are yung, we shuldn’t be t afraid f making mistakes.
因为我们还年轻，所以不应该太害怕犯错误。
He didn’t cme since he was busy.
他因为忙，所以没有来。
Please return the bk t the library as yu will g there this afternn.
因为你下午要去那里所以麻烦你把这本书还给图书馆。
As it is raining, yu had better take a taxi.
既然下雨, 你最好坐出租车来。
Everyne likes yu as yu are bth kind and hnest.
人人都喜欢你，因为你既和气，又诚实。
The days are shrt, fr it is nw December.
白天短了，因为现在已是十二月份。
It must have rained, fr the grund is wet.
一定是下雨了，因为地面很湿。
The day breaks, fr the birds are singing.
天亮了, 因为鸟都叫了。
【考点过关】
用because, since, as, fr填空
1. ______ yu are free tday, yu had better help me with my mathematics.
2. _______ yu are tired, yu had better rest.
3. He seldm ges ut nw, _______ he is very ld.
4. _______ yu dn't trust him, yu shuld nt emply him.
5. He must be ill, ______ he is absent tday.
6. It was _______ I missed the early bus that I was late fr schl.
7. ______ yu are grwn up, yu shuld nt rely n yur parents.
8. He culd nt have seen me, ______ I was nt there.
9. I did it _______ they asked me t d it.
10. _______ it is raining, yu’d better take a taxi.
11. I went t bed early, _______ I was exhausted.
12. I was wrried ________ Mary was late.
【参考答案】
1. Since; 2. As; 3. fr; 4. Since; 5. fr; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. fr; 9. because; 10. As; 11. as; 12. because
●acrss; thrugh
【教材原句】
What’s mre, heavy rain in Eastern Eurpe has caused Landslides, and the heat acrss Suthern Eurpe has caused frest fires. (教材P63)
【辨析】
两者都可表示 “穿过”，但侧重点不同。
acrss指横过，表示动作从一边到另一边，动作沿物体的表面进行。一般作介词，也可作副词。
thrugh指从事物或物体的中间或内部穿过，表示动作在某立体空间中进行的。
温馨提示：如果从马路的一边横穿到另一边，用acrss; 如果从街道的一头到另一头，则用thrugh
【例句呈现】
There's a way acrss the fields.
有一条路穿过田地。
We left the rad and struck ff acrss the fields.
我们下了公路，穿过旷野往前走。
The map shws the distributin f this species acrss the wrld.
地图上标明了这一物种在全世界的分布情况。
The lights changed t red befre I culd get acrss.
我还没来得及通过，红灯又亮了。
The general had t get his trps acrss the river.
将军必须让部队过河。
Grwth has nt been unifrm acrss the cuntry.
全国各地的发展程度不一。
The bridge was destryed s we culdn't get acrss the river.
大桥已经毁坏，我们无法过河了。
They went n a lng train jurney acrss India.
他们乘火车作了一次横跨印度的长途旅行。
G thrugh this gate, and yu'll see the huse n yur left.
你穿过这道大门，就看到左面的房子了。
The track led us thrugh a wd.
我们沿着那条小道穿过了树林。
They drve a tunnel thrugh the slid rck.
他们凿出一条穿过坚固岩石的隧道。
The path ges thrugh a wd befre rejining the main rad.
这条小路穿过一片树林后与大路交汇。
The quickest way is thrugh the back lanes behind the bus statin.
最近的路是穿过公共汽车站后面的小巷。
He inched his way thrugh the narrw passage.
他一点一点地穿过狭窄的通道。
Children frm the flats acrss the street were playing utside.
街对面公寓楼里的儿童正在户外玩耍。
【考点过关】
用acrss和thrugh填空
1. They marched silently ______ the streets frm ne end t the ther end.
2, Draw a thick black line _______ the page.
3. Air ducts and electrical cables were threaded _______ the cmplex structure
4. The bank is just _______ the street.
5. The main path cntinues ________ a tunnel f trees.
6. He ffered t ferry us ________ the river in his bat.
7. These bys pushed their way ________ the crwd f peple in rder t save time.
8. The lake was frzen, s we walked _______ the ice.
9. It tk us hurs t walk _______ the frest.
10. At the frnt dr std a five-year-ld by frm _______ the street.
11. The drve ________ a snwstrm yesterday.
12. A smile f understanding flashed ________ Kathy’s face.
13. The sunlight came in ________ the windws in the rfs and lit up the whle rm.
【参考答案】
1. thrugh 2. acrss; 3. thrugh; 4. acrss; 5. thrugh; 6. acrss; 7. thrugh; 8. acrss; 9. thrugh; 10. acrss; 11. thrugh; 12. acrss; 13. thrugh
●weather; climate
【教材原句】
Experts say this bad weather has ccurred due t climate change. (教材P63)
Technlgy isn’t the nly way t frecast the weather. (教材P63)
Unusual animal behavir, fr example, can indicate whether it’s cld, wet weather that’s n the way r a ht, dry perid. (教材P63)
【辨析】
三者都与气象有关，但含义上有一定区别。
weather意思是“天气，气象”， 通常指某一地区短期内具体的气象变化，包括晴雨寒暖等情况, 属于气候内容的一种表现。
climate意思是“气候;气候区;倾向;思潮;风气;环境气氛”。做“气候”讲时，指某一地区常年长期的天气情况，包括气温、干旱程度、降雨量等。
【例句呈现】
He was nt used t the lcal climate.
他不习惯当地的气候。
Fr mst f the year, we have a dry climate in Beijing.
一年中大部分时间，北京的气候都很干燥。
The climate in this regin is unwhlesme.
这个地区的气候于健康不利。
It is difficult t find wrk in the present ecnmic climate.
在目前这种经济大气候下很难找到工作。
Yu'll sn get used t the climate here.
你会很快习惯这儿的气候的。
This will nt be pssible in the changed ecnmic climate.
这在经济气候已经改变的条件下是不可能的。
Scial nrm requests that the translatin mtivatin be in accrdance with the scial climate.
社会规范是指社会思潮要求翻译目的与之吻合。
The biggest ranking criteria in the whle survey is plitical and scial climate.
美世调查报告最重要的一项标准就是政治和社会风气。
There's ging t be a change in the weather.
天气将有变化。
Gas and il cnsumptin always increases in cld weather.
燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。
The bad weather is causing prblems fr many farmers.
恶劣的天气给许多农民造成了困难。
The weather was very kind t us.
天气非常宜人。
The weather gt s bad that we had t turn back.
天气变得非常恶劣，我们不得不循原路折回。
Weather satellites have bserved a ring f vlcanic ash girdling the earth
气象卫星观测到一个环绕地球的火山灰带。
Accrding t the weather frecast, frst is expected tmrrw mrning.
据气象预报，明晨将有霜冻。
【考点过关】
用climate和weather填空
1. What was the ________ like n yur vacatin?
2. _______ change f the whle wrld is still very much a subject fr debate.
3. Yu shuld g utdrs in such fine _______.
4. The article puts frward a new thery t explain changes in the ___________ f the wrld.
5. The _______ is very changeable at this time f year.
6. We need t create a ________ in which business can prsper.
7. The game was called ff because f bad _______ weather.
8. The ________ f plitical cnfusin has nly reinfrced the cuntry's ecnmic decline.
9. It wuld be dangerus t risk ging ut in this ________.
10. The religius ________ at the time refused new ideas.
11. A red sky at night ften indicates fine ________ the next day.
12. The warm _______ favrs many types f trpical plants.
13. The _______ at the mment is nt typical fr July.
14. If the _______ in the wrld changes cntinue, we will suffer the cnsequences.
15. Wrk n the building was impeded by severe _______.
16. As a new psychlgical ________, psitive psychlgy advcates that psychlgy shuld research psitive traits f mankind itself.
17. Accrding t the ________ frecast, there will be a gale tmrrw.
18. T maintain a psitive schl ________ the cmmunity fllws these guidelines fr student behavir.
19. ________ statins are scattered all ver the vast plains and the muntain regins.
【参考答案】
1. weather; 2. Climate; 3. weather; 4. climate; 5. weather; 6. climate; 7. weather; 8. climate; 9. weather; 10. climate; 11. weather; 12. climate; 13. weather; 14. climate; 15. weather; 16. climate; 17. weather; 18. climate; 19. Weather
●strike/hit; (袭击)attack
【教材原句】
In 1881, an hurricane struck the small Vietnamese city f Haiphng, bringing terrible strng winds. (教材P66)
When it hit the cast, huge tidal waves caused severe fld, csting the lives f up t 300, 000 citizens. (教材P66)
【辨析】
三者都可表示 “袭击，攻击”， 但用法表达有一定区别；指“攻击、袭击”时，hit 与strike完全可以互换。
hit/strike 通常指意外的自然灾害的袭击，如，台风，洪水，沙尘暴，飓风，暴风雪，地震，雷电等。
attack通常指有生命的人或物之间的攻击、袭击，如，人与人之间，人与动植物之间，动植物之间等。另外，attack也可表示通过舆论，言语，文字等对人、组织、国家、团体、政策和理论等进行抨击。这些攻击或袭击往往带有一定的目的性。既可以做名词也可以做动词。
温馨提示：强调心脏病的发作或袭击时，只能用attack.
【例句呈现】
He has laid himself wide pen t plitical attack.
他在政治上已经处于极易受到攻击的境地。
Yur father is an bvius candidate fr a heart attack.
你父亲显然是容易患心脏病的人。
They aimed t make the cuntry safe frm terrrist attacks.
他们力图使国家免遭恐怖分子的袭击。
His research wrk was attacked by animal rights activists.
他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
The white bld cells attack cells infected with an invader.
白细胞攻击受到感染的细胞。
He was walking alng the rad when he was attacked by a dg.
他正在路边散步，突然遭到了一只狗的袭击。
The man attacked me fr n apparent reasn.
那个人不知何故攻击我。
The strng wind hit/struck him as he turned the crner.
在街角一拐弯处，狂风就向他袭来。
The chances are a millin t ne against being struck/hit by lightning.
遭雷击的可能性是微乎其微的。
Spain was ne f cuntries hit/struck hardest by the hurricane.
西班牙是遭受这次飓风打击最严重的国家之一。
【考点过关】
用attack和hit/strike适当形式填空
1. The heavy sandstrm _______ a city in the west, and 50 peple were seriusly wunded the day befre yesterday.
2. The plice said the _______ frm elephants was an islated incident.
3. A blast f ht air ________ us as we stepped ff the plane.
4. The article was a savage ________ n the gvernment's recrd.
5. Last year a serius fld ________ the whle cuntry.
6. Peple wh are verweight run a risk f a heart _______ r strke.
7. After being _______ by anther bear, the ld man lifted his gun.
8. The cuntry ________ by the earthquake is Japan.
9. The ppsitin leader _______ the gvernment by writing many articles last year.
10. A snwstrm ________ all the villages in that area last mnth.
【参考答案】
1. hit/struck; 2. attack; 3. hit/struck; 4. attack; 5. hit/struck; 6. attack; 7. attacked; 8. hit/struck; 9. attacked; 10. hit/struck
●be ding…when…；be abut t d…when…= be n the pint f ding…when…；had just dne…when…
【教材原句】
I was sitting in my rm with my cat, Smartie, n my lap, when the rf just flew ff. (教材P68)
【辨析】
三者都有“当….时突然….”的意思，但是有一定区别。
be ding…when…意思是“正在做某事突然发生了另外一件事”。
be abut t d…when…= be n the pint f ding…when…意思是“就要做某事突然发生了另一件事”。
had just dne…when…意思是“刚做完一件事突然发生了另一件事”。
【例句呈现】
He was just abut t dive when he saw the shark.
他刚要跳水，突然看见了鲨鱼。
He had just had his meal when a familiar vice came t his ears.
他刚吃完饭，突然听到一个熟悉的声音。
Jim was n the pint f telling a funny stry when he brke ff t answer the telephne.
吉姆正要讲一个可笑的故事，突然停下来接了个电话。
He was n the pint f giving up when his mther encuraged him.
他正要放弃时，母亲鼓励了他。
I was abut t steal a few pieces f silver when I saw a man frm the ther side f the street cme running int the shp.
我正要偷几块银子，突然看见一个男人从大街的另一边往店里跑来。
We had marched nly a little way when we came upn a grup f fifty hrsemen.
我们刚走没多远就遇上了一个五十人的马队。
We were ding ur hmewrk when the light went ut.
我们正在做家庭作业，灯突然熄了。
We were rlling alng merrily when suddenly we had a burst tyre.
我们正乘车快乐地行进着，突然间轮胎爆了。
They were watching the Wrld Cup when suddenly the lights went ut.
他们正看着世界杯比赛,突然灯灭了。
We were drinking beer and trading stries when suddenly my wife came back.
我们正在喝啤酒，互相侃着奇闻轶事，这时候我妻子突然回来了。
The headmaster was abut t leave the ffice when suddenly a by rushed in.
校长正要离开办公室,这时一个男孩冲了进来。
He was abut t give up the questin, when suddenly he fund the answer.
当他正准备放弃这个问题时,突然找到了解决的答案。
He was talking away abut his plans when suddenly the lights went ff.
他还在喋喋不休地讲着他的计划，这时灯突然灭了。
One night I was having a gd sleep, when suddenly I heard my dg yapping.
一天夜里我正在熟睡，突然听到狗狂吠起来。
We were having a picnic, when suddenly there came a dwnpur.
当我们正在举行野餐的时候, 忽然大雨倾盆。
We had just reached hme when the petrl gave ut.
我们刚到家汽油就没了。
【考点过关】
根据be ding…when…；be abut t d…when…= be n the pint f ding…when…；had just dne…when…用法填空。
1. He had just sat dwn t think abut what t d next ______ suddenly the cat began t speak!
2. They were n the pint ______ driving dwn a cuntry rad when suddenly the bus ran ff the rad and crashed int an ld farmer's barn.
3. He had just left when I arrived.
4. The remaining men were abut _______ (leave) when suddenly a yung man rushed int the huse, almst t excited t speak.
5. I was lying awake n my bed ______ suddenly Sarah came inside and started screaming.
6. We were abut t talk _______ he suddenly tk his jacket and run away.
7. He was enjying a bag f peanuts ______ he suddenly became shrt f breath.
8. The whle family was abut ______ (have) a happy reunin n the eve f the Spring Festival when the pwer suddenly went ff.
9. We had just fallen asleep ______ the telephne rang.
10. We were abut _______ (get) n the train when the explsin ccurred.
11. He was ______ the pint f describing a rather terrifying experience when there was a lud crash frm the bedrm abve.
12. She had just finished dressing ______ her guests came in.
【参考答案】
1. when; 2. f; 3. t leave; 4. when; 5. when; 6. when; 7. when; 8. t have; 9. when; 10. t get; 11. n; 12. when
●remember ding sth. ; remember t d sth.
【教材原句】
I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and lking up at the stars. (教材P69)
【辨析】
两者意义完全不同。
remember ding sth. 表示““记得已经做过某事”。
remember t d sth. 表示“记住将要做某事”。
【例句呈现】
Remember t d s because yu want t and nt because yu have t.
要记住确保这些都是你自己想做的，而非不得不做的。
I remembered tuning ff the lights when I left the rm.
我记得我关灯了,当我离开房间的时候.(灯已经关了)
But remember t d yur hmewrk befre stepping int the cnference hall, r yu will feel like a rudderless bat in mid-sea.
但是要记得在走进会议大厅之前做好准备工作，否则你会感到就像在大海中间的一艘无舵的小船。
Cut this cake in half and give ne f the pieces t yur sister, but remember t d it like a gentleman.
把蛋糕切成两半，给你妹妹一份，不过，你得记住要做得像一个绅士那样。
I can't remember ding it s I can't deny it.
我不记得我有没有做过这样的事，所以我不能否认。
Yu can als set a due date fr the tasks t make sure yu'll remember t d them n time.
你还可以设定一个适当的日期为任务，以确保你会永远记得按时去做。
I dn't even remember ding it!
我自己都不记的我干过！
I can remember ding sme really, really spectacular ddles.
我记得曾经画出真的很棒的涂鸦。
I can't remember ding it s I can't deny it.
我不记得我有没有做过这样的事，所以我不能否认。
Dn't yu remember seeing the man befre?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
【考点过关】
根据remember t d sth.和remember ding sth.的用法填空
1. I dn't remember ______ (say) anything t get yu s mad at me.
2. Where ever yu are, whatever yu are ding, if yu haven't said Happy Mther's Day t yur mm yet, remember ______ (d) s.
3. I remember ________ (d) smething n a regular basis that hardly anyne des any mre.
4. Remember _______ (let) the cat ut when yu leave.
5. I remember _______ (turn) ff the light, why are they n nw?
6. But remember ______ (carry) ut sme stretches first befre yu start t take sme exercise.
7. I remember ______ (hand) in my hmewrk，but it still in my schl bag.
8. Remember ______ (d) this fr yur parents tmrrw.
9. Dn't yu remember _______ (tell) me the stry yesterday?
10. Befre yu take that call r g t the in-persn meeting, remember ______ (make ) sme preparatins.
11. I hpe yu will remember _______ (d) smething that makes yu happy, try t find a way t serve,
【参考答案】
1. saying; 2. t d; 3. ding; 4. t let; 5. turning; 6. t carry; 7. handing; 8. t d; 9. telling; 10. make; 11. t d