英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课后练习题

这是一份英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课后练习题，共6页。
He tld the Assciated Press that researchers with his rganisatin have fund plastic frm the 1960s and 1970s amng the materials in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. It cntains an estimated 1.8 trillin pieces f plastic in ttal. Mst f them flat n the surface f the water, r are within a few metres under the surface.
Last Saturday, a ship pulling the pipe-shaped flating barrier left San Francisc fr the Garbage Patch. The barrier, called the flater, is 600 metres acrss. Attached t it is a screen(滤网) that hangs three metres dwn in the water. The screen is designed t cllect the plastic as it mves thrugh the water. Sea animals can safely swim under the barrier. The clean-up system als cmes with lights pwered by the sun, cameras, and ther special devices. Slat said these enabled the system t reprt its psitin at all times.
Shipping cntainers will hld all the plastic gathered, including bttles and fishing equipment. Slat said the cntainers are expected t be back n land within a year. Then the plastic will be recycled. And they will als study hw the system perfrms in severe cean cnditins, including huge waves.
1. Hw did Byan Slat react t that diving in the Mediterranean Sea?
A. He shwed a great interest in diving.
B. He became wrried abut his safety.
C. He decided t remve the garbage in the cean.
D. He became curius abut underwater creatures.
2. What has the rganisatin The Ocean Cleanup fund abut the Great Pacific Garbage Patch?
A. Mst f its plastic is half a century ld.
B. It cvers almst the size f the state f Texas.
C. Altgether there are abut 1.8 billin pieces f plastic.
D. The majrity f its plastic flats n r near the surface.
3. Why was a screen attached t the flater?
A. T pwer lights in the ship.
B. T prtect sea animals near it.
C. T tell the psitin f the ship.
D. T cllect plastic alng the way.
4. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Appraches t remving garbage in the cean.
B. The prblem f garbage in the Pacific Ocean.
C. A yung man wh des well in classifying garbage.
D. A huge device made t clean garbage in the cean.
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体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：295 难度：易 建议用时：12分钟
[安徽师大附中2020高一期末·改编]Many f us dream f making all the difference—earning a lt f mney. A great scientist has achieved that big success and 1 all the mney t help thers. Prfessr Nicla Curtin f the Newcastle University successfully _2_ a new drug fr cancer, but when the time came fr her big 3 ，she chse t give sme f the prfits away t help needy peple t make their life better.
The drug Rubraca is the 4 f 30 years f research and helps peple wh have a gene knwn t lead t an increasing 5 f breast cancer. Rubraca helps target the cancerus cells s as t DNA and finally 6 tumur cells（肿瘤细胞）.The Newcastle University 7 rights f the medicatin（药物）fr $40.8 millin t a cmpany，which is a large sum f mney. Instead f treating herself，Curtin used her $1.2 millin share t 8 The Curtin PARP (Passinate Abut Realising Yur Ptential) Fund.
The fund 9 t help the disabled，the hmeless，and anyne experiencing a disadvantage. It helps them t develp the skills t 10 difficulties s that they can get educatin r emplyment. “Thse peple’s 11 makes me think abut life. I have already had everything that I need in life but there are many peple wh are leading a hard life. 12 , thrugh The Curtin PARP Fund，I want t leave a（n） 13 legacy（遗赠）by helping them master the basic skills fr life. And I feel 14 f what I have dne,”said Curtin.
What Curtin has dne tells us that we can help thers in many 15 by using ur talent，and by reaching ut and ffering much assistance, etc.
1. A. made B. passed C. dnated D. shwed
2. A. exchanged B. tk C. accepted D. created
3. A. payff B. celebratin C. event D. benefit
4. A. instructin B. imprvement C. chance D. result
5. A. view B. risk C. cause D. fact
6. A. make B. study C. remve D. catch
7. A. sld B. fferedC. ensured D. achieved
8. A. raise B. establish C. present D. btain
9. A. aims B. affrds C. begins D. cmpetes
10. A. avid B. realise C. vercme D. experience
11. A. actin B. admiratin C. shame D. situatin
12. A. Mrever B. Hwever C. Meanwhile D. Therefre
13. A. thankfulB. careful C. lastingD. interesting
14. A. afraidB. prud C. sick D. sure
15. A. aspectsB. ways C. purpses D. attempts
答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博杨·斯雷特因为在潜水时发现水中有大量垃圾，所以决定组建团队，清除海洋垃圾。该组织最近发明了一种新的装置，在清理海洋垃圾上有显著的效果。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话 When Slat was 16，he went diving in Mediterranean Sea and saw mre plastic bags than fish. Since then，he has made up his mind t clean up the cean.可知，斯雷特在潜水时发现水中的垃圾比鱼都多，所以他下定决心清除海洋中的垃圾。故选C项。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话 Mst f them flat n the surface f the water，r are within a few metres under the surface. 可知，大太平洋垃圾带的大部分垃圾都漂浮在海洋的表面或水面以下几米深的地方。故选D项。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句话 The screen is designed t cllect the plastic as it mves thrugh the water.可知，滤网是该设备在水中移动时用来收集塑料垃圾的。故选D项。
4. D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一个新的大型垃圾收集装置在清理海洋垃圾方面的作用和工作原理，故选D项。
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【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类记叙文。纽卡斯尔大学的妮古拉·柯廷教授及其团队成功地研制出一种治疗癌症的新药，她用得到的报酬建立了一个基金会，帮助残疾人和无家可归的人掌握基本的生活技能。柯廷所做的一切告诉我们，我们可以通过自身才能，伸出援手帮助别人。
1. C 根据后一句中的 she chse t give sme f the prfits away t help needy peple t make their life better可知，这位伟大的科学家把部分利润捐赠（dnated）出去帮助别人，dnated和 chse t give…away相呼应。故选C项。
2. D 空后为 a new drug fr cancer，而新药应是被“研制”出来的，故created符合语境。
3. A 根据空后的 sme f the prfits可知，此处应指妮古拉·柯廷的努力得到回报（payff）的时刻。payff意为“回报；报偿”，与 prfits相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。
4. D 此处指治疗癌症的药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果（result）。故选D项。
5. B 句意为：药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果，它可以帮助那些带有已知会导致乳腺癌患病风险增加的基因的人。根据语境和常识可知，需要药物帮助的应是有患乳腺癌风险（risk）的人。故选B项。
6. C 根据常识可知，治癌药物的最终目标是清除（remve）癌细胞，故选C项。
7. A 句意为：纽卡斯尔大学以4,080万美元的价格把这种药物的相关权限卖给了一家公司……根据空后的fr $40.8 millin t a cmpany可知，此处指出售（sld）药物芦卡帕利的相关权限。故选A项。
8. B 根据语境可知，此处表示她用自己那份120万美元的酬金建立（establish）了 Curtin PARP基金会。故选B项。
9. A 空后 t help the disabled…是设立基金会的目的，aim t d sth意为“旨在做某事”，符合语境。故选A项。
10. C 此处和空后的 difficulties搭配，克服（vercme）符合语境，此处指帮助他们掌握克服困难的技能。故选C项。
11. D 根据后一句中的 there are many peple wh are leading a hard life可知，是这些人的处境（situatin）让柯廷开始思考生活。故选D项。
12. D 前一句“许多人还过着艰苦的生活”和空后“帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能”是因果关系。故 Therefre符合语境。
13. C 句意为：因此，通过 Curtin PARP基金会，我想以帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能这种方式，来给他们留下一份长久的遗赠。根据空后的 by helping them master the basic skills fr life可知，基金会帮助人们掌握基本生活技能，这是持久的（lasting）生活保障。故选C项。
14. B 根据上文可知，柯廷用自己的钱创建了一个基金会，帮助了那些需要帮助的人，使他们能维持生活，所以柯廷为自己所做的事感到自豪（prud），故选B项。
15. B 句中列举的 by using ur talent，and by reaching ut and ffering much assistance都是帮助别人的方式，故ways符合语境。
长难句分析 What Curtin has dne tells us that we can help thers in many ways by using ur talent，and by reaching ut and ffering much assistance, etc.
句式分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为 What Curtin has dne tells us that…其中tells为主句谓语动词，What Curtin has dne为What引导的主语从句；that we can help thers…为that引导的宾语从句，作tells的宾语；宾语从句中 by using…and by reaching…为and连接的两个并列的方式状语。
句意：柯廷所做的一切告诉我们，我们可以使用我们的才能以及伸出援手，提供大量援助等许多方式来帮助他人。