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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品达标测试
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world精品达标测试，文件包含专题06必修第1册Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld教师版---2025届高三英语总复习人教版2019docx、专题06必修第1册Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld学生版---2025届高三英语总复习人教版2019docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共62页， 欢迎下载使用。
目标导航
知识精讲
知识点01 refer vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于
①... which is ften referred t as the Nbel Prize in architecture ... ……通常被称为诺贝尔建筑奖……
②If yu dn't understand sme wrds, yu can refer t the dictinary.如果你不懂一些单词，你可以查阅字典。
③She always referred t Ben as “that nice man”．她总是称本为“那个大好人”。
④Keep the list f numbers near the phne fr easy reference.把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查阅。
(1)单句语法填空
①In his speech, he referred ________ a recent trip t Canada.
②There are several ________ (refer) bks which have been cmpiled t help yu make yur chice.
(2)单句写作
①This paragraph ________________ (指的是) the events f last year.
②我们分组讨论了有关阅读的以下问题。
We discussed the fllwing questins in small grups with ________________ the reading.
There is n egg in eggplant nr ham in hamburger;neither apple nr pine in pineapple.
茄子里没有鸡蛋，汉堡包里也没有火腿；菠萝里既没有苹果也没有松树。
本句中neither.nr.意为“既不……，也不……”，连接两个并列名词apple和pine。
(l)“”可连接词性相同的词、词组或结构，表示完全否定。如果连接两个归纳名词或代词作主语，则谓语动词的数和nr后的词保持一致（即遵循就近一致原则）。
(2)如果连接两个句子且放在句首，则两个句子都必须部分倒装。
①Their huse is neither big nr small.他们的房子不大也不小。
②Neither yu nr I am ging t d it.你和我都不打算做这件事。
③Neither did I g t watch the ftball match nr did I care its result.我既没有去看那场足球赛，也不关心它的结果。
名师点津 连接并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数要遵循就近一致原则的词/词组还有： either ... r ... 要么……要么……； nt nly ... but (als) ... 不仅……而且……；nt ... but ... 不是……而是……等。
(1)单句语法填空
Neither his parents nr he ________ (knw) anything abut it.
(2)句型转换
Henry desn't like watching mvies. His girlfriend Helen desn't, either.
→________ Henry ________ his girlfriend Helen ________ watching mvies.
知识点2
①Yu're flish enugh t base_yur_hpes_upn his prmise. 你把希望建立在他的承诺上真是太愚蠢了。
②The thery he put up was_based_n his many years' research, s it was practical.
他提出的理论是以他多年的科学研究为依据的，因此是切实可行的。
③The gvernment prvides them with nt nly fd and shelter, but als the basic skills fr their living.
政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
④This trend is challenging family－based traditins. 这个趋势正在挑战以家庭为基础的传统。
(1)单句语法填空
①The reprt is ________ (base) n facts.
②They have t have a ________ (base) understanding f cmputers in rder t use the advanced technlgy.
③As far as I'm cncerned, cmmn hbbies are the ________ (base) f making friends.
(2)单句写作
我们昨天看的这部电影受到了高度评价，它是以一个真实的爱情故事为依据的。
____________ a true lve stry, the film we watched yesterday is highly thught f.
知识点3
①Apples cme in a great many varieties.苹果的品种繁多。
②One f the advantages is that we can find a_variety_f tpics such as science, culture and histry.
优势之一是我们能够找到各种话题，如：科学、文化、历史。
③There are varius activities that suit the tastes f different peple.有适合不同人爱好的各种各样的活动。
④The imprtance f being an Olympian will vary_frm_athlete_t_athlete. 成为奥运选手对每个运动员而言意义不同。
单句语法填空
①The research team is made up f the pupils, whse ages ________ (varius) frm 10 t 15.
②There are ________ (variety) reasns why cancers appear t be n the increase.
③This tl can be used in a variety ________ ways.
知识点4
①Sichuan is ne f the majr industrial bases f China. 四川是中国重要的工业基地之一。
②And if yu're accepted, yu can majr_in anything yu want. 只要你被录取了，你就可以主修任何你想学的东西。
③The_majrity_f my patients cme t me frm ut f twn.大多数来找我看病的患者都是外地人。
(1)单句语法填空
①The student, ________ (majr) in ecnmics at cllege, made a cmment n the matter.
②Generally speaking, if yu lk at the audience at a classical cncert, the ________ (majr) f them are ver the age f fifty.
(2)单句写作
①________________ (主要问题) at present is hw t vercme all the difficulties.
②Althugh I didn't __________ (主修) cmputer, I have a lt f interest in it.
知识点5
①N_matter_wh yu are, yu must bey the law.不管你是谁，你必须遵守法律。
②We'll have t finish the jb, n_matter_hw_lng it takes.无论花多长时间，我们都得完成这项工作。
③N_matter_hw_late he cmes back, his mther will wait fr him t have dinner tgether.无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈都会等他一起吃晚饭。
④无论你说什么都是对的。
N_matter_what yu say (＝Whatever yu say), yu are right.
(N matter what在此引导让步状语从句，可以换成Whatever)
⑤N_matter_hw (＝Hwever) hard I tried, I failed t wrk ut the math prblem.
无论怎么努力，我都解不出这道数学题。
⑥N_matter_when(＝Whenever) yu decide t g, I wuld keep yu cmpany.无论你决定何时去，我都会陪着你。
(1)单句语法填空
①One can always manage t d mre things, n matter ________ full ne's schedule is.
②I am firmly cnvinced (深信) that n matter ________ chances arrive, we are able t seize them as lng as we are well prepared.
③N matter ________ yu lse in life, dn't lse faith and hpe.
(2)单句写作
①无论谁违反法律，他都将受到惩罚。
________________________， he will be punished.
②无论我发生什么事情，我都会让你知道。
________________________， I will let yu knw.
知识点6
①This is their nly means f cmmunicatin.这是他们唯一的交流方式。
②Students smetimes supprt themselves by_means_f ding part－time jbs.学生有时借助兼职工作养活自己。
③—Can I cme and have a lk at yur huse?—Yes, by_all_means.
——我可以过来看看你的房子吗？——当然可以。
④She is by_n_means an inexperienced teacher.她绝不是个毫无经验的教师。
eq \x(名师点津 means作“方式；方法”讲时单复数同形。)
(1)单句语法填空
Sme researchers pint ut that daydreaming is ________ means f relaxatin.
(2)同义句转换
Every pssible means ________ (try), but nne has wrked.
→All pssible means ________ (try), but nne has wrked.
(3)一句多译
惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。(means)
①Punishment ________________ a wise chice t help them grw up mentally and physically.
②____________________ a wise chice t help them grw up mentally and physically.(倒装)
知识点7
①As_regards the war, Haig believed in victry at any price. 至于这场战争，黑格认为要不惜任何代价取得胜利。
②We've made extrardinary prgress as a sciety in_that_regard.在那个方面，我们的社会已经取得了巨大的进步。
③I treasure the friendship very much, and I regard_the_friendship_as ne part f my life. 我非常珍惜友谊，并且我认为友谊是我生活的一部分。
(1)单句语法填空
①Can I regard what yu have just tld me ________ fact?
②I wrte a letter ________ (regard) my daughter's schl examinatins.
(2)单句写作
①至于薪金，请在考验本人的能力之后再作决定。
________________ salary, I leave it t yu t decide after experience f my capacity.
②对于幸福我们通常有什么误解吗？
What are the misunderstandings that we usually have ______________ happiness?
知识点8
①Her behaviur last night was cmpletely ut_f_character.她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不符。
②One may nly have a character,_but may have many characteristics,_all f which build ne's character.
个人可能只有一种性格，但可能有多种特征或特点，所有这些特征或特点便构成了一个人的品质。
(1)单句语法填空
①It was entirely ________ character fr Rachel t put her baby first.
②The need t cmmunicate is a key ________ (character) f human sciety.
(2)写出句中character的含义
①He is the main character in the film Wndering Earth. ________
②Her husband was a man f gd character, well－liked and respected by his clleagues. ________
③There are mre than 80,000 Chinese characters, mst f which are seldm used tday. ________
知识点9
①A_gd_number_f my classmates agree with me.我班上的不少同学都赞同我(的意见)。
②Thugh she is quite a ppular writer, nly a_small_number_f her wrks can be fund in public libraries.尽管她是一位十分知名的作家，但公共图书馆中能够找到的她的作品却不多。
③A_number_f_my_friends_think I shuld take a hliday.我的很多朋友认为我应该休假。
[易混辨析：a number f/the number f]
单句语法填空
①The number f the teachers wh wn cars ________ (be) increasing.
②A great many cllege students ________ (be) sent t the pr area t help the children there last mnth.
③Large quantities f il ________ (be) imprted frm abrad every year.
④The number f jurnalists invited t the party yesterday ________ 100, but a large number f them ________ absent fr different reasns. (be)
知识点10
①But there is smething unclear fr me, s I_wuld_appreciate_it_if yu culd give me mre infrmatin.但是我有一些不清楚的事情，所以如果你能给我更多的信息，我会很感激的。
②I'd appreciate_yur_writing me back as sn as pssible.你尽早回信我将感激不尽。
③Shw sme appreciatin fr my persnal grwth. 对我个人的成长表示感谢。
名师点津当appreciate, hate, dislike, lve, like, depend/rely n等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。
(1)单句语法填空
①On the night f the Mid－autumn Day, peple gather tgether eating mncakes and ________ (appreciate) the full mn.
②I appreciate ________ (give) the pprtunity t wrk in yur cmpany tw years ag.
③Here I sincerely express my ________ (appreciate) if yu culd help find the lst suitcase.
(2)单句写作
如果您能就如何解决这些问题给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。
__________________ yu can give me sme advice n hw t slve these prblems.
知识点11
①The cmpany is struggling_t_find buyers fr its new prduct.该公司正竭力为其新产品寻找买主。
②He struggled_against cancer fr tw years.他同癌症抗争了两年。
③Yu have t let us struggle_fr urselves, even if we must die in the prcess.你得让我们为自己拼搏，哪怕我们会在这个过程中死去。
(1)单句语法填空
①The sldier was badly wunded but he struggled ________ his feet at last.
②T get an educatin, he was struggling ________ many difficulties.
③The children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t struggle ________ (hear)．
(2)单句写作
我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。
We have t ________________ all kinds f difficulties frm hme and abrad.
知识点12
①I was getting mre and mre annyed and f curse, the_mre upset I gt, the_less I was able t cncentrate.
我变得越来越心烦，当然，我越是感到心烦我就越难集中精力。
②The_lnger she waited, the_mre_impatient she became.她等的时间越长，变得越不耐烦。
③The_mre yu practice, the_better yur English is.你练习得越多，你的英语就越好。
④The_busier he is, the_happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。
⑤The_sner,_the_better.越早越好。
单句写作
①轮胎里空气越多，里面的压力就越大。
______________ there is inside the tyre, the greater the pressure there is in it.
②战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。
The lnger the war lasts, ____________ the peple there will suffer.
③你越用功，进步就越大。
The harder yu wrk, ________________ yu will make.
知识点13
①She was determined that she wuld be_equal_t any test the cmpany put t her.她下定决心要成功应对公司对她的任何考验。
②Nt all men are equal_in ability.人的能力并不都是一样的。
③He is a player withut_equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。
④Men and wmen must be treated equally in educatin and emplyment.在教育和就业方面男女应该得到平等的对待。
(1)单句语法填空
①I dn't think he is equal t ________ (d) this kind f wrk. s I can't hire him.
②Learning t deal with the scial wrld is ________ (equal) imprtant.
(2)一句多译
尽管他年轻，但是约翰却能胜任这项重要的工作。
①Yung as he was, Jhn ____________ the imprtant task.(equal)
②Althugh he was yung, Jhn ____________ the imprtant task.(fit)
③Yung as he was, Jhn ________________ the imprtant task.(qualified)
知识点14
①First，science graduates are_in_greater_demand than arts nes in China.首先，在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。
②She demanded_t_see the headmaster.她要求见校长。
③The pliceman demanded_that the gate (shuld) be shut.警察要求把大门关上。
(1)单句语法填空
①They think learning English well is ne f the ________ (demand) f mdern sciety and will d gd t ur future career.
②My demand is that the infrmatin referred t in my reprt ________ (email) t Mr Brwn withut delay.
③My car demands/needs/requires ________ (repair), s I have t g t wrk by bus.
(2)单句写作
这个季节，软饮料需求量很大。
Sft drinks are __________________ in this seasn.
知识点15
①I had papers relating_t the children which my wife and I had t sign. 我有一些关于孩子的文件需要我和妻子签字。
②He related_the_facts_f_the_case_t jurnalists.他给记者们讲述了这件事的实际情况。
③Much f the crime in this area is_related_t drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。
④I have sme cmments t make in_relatin_t (＝cncerning) this matter.关于这件事我有几点看法。
(1)单句语法填空
①There were fficials ________ whm he culd relate the whle stry.
②We seek t imprve ________ (relate) between ur tw cuntries.
③I think that's why s many peple relate ________ her.
(2)单句写作
①你的作品一定要与我们的学校生活有关。
Yur wrks must ________________ ur schl life.
②你能将童年的经历与现在的心境联系起来吗？
Can yu ________ what happened in yur childhd ________ yur present state f mind?
语法精讲
Grammar 定语从句(Ⅱ)
单句语法填空
1．There was a time ________ Anne was s crazy abut everything t d with nature.
2．I saw a huse, the windws f ________ were brken.
3．Self－driving is an area ________ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
4．Is this the village ________ my mther was brn?
5．The reasn ________ she changed her mind is quite clear.
6．The days ________ they travelled tgether meant a lt t him.
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, why或“介词＋which”。
eq \a\vs4\al(一、关系副词的作用)
1．指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。
2．在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用。
3．起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。
eq \a\vs4\al(二、关系副词引导的定语从句)
1．when引导定语从句的用法
(1)当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time, day, year, mnth, week等)，且关系词在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句用when引导。
(2)when可以换成“介词＋which”。
I still remember the time when_(＝in_which) I was in cllege.我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。
I have frgtten the exact date when_(＝n_which) this cuntry became independent.
我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。
2．where引导定语从句的用法
(1)当先行词是表示具体地点的名词(如place, rm, muntain, airprt等)或抽象地点的名词(如case, state, cnditin, pint, situatin等)，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句用where引导。
(2)where可以换成“介词＋which”。
We have reached a pint where a change is needed.我们已经到了需要作出改变的地步。
He gets int a situatin where it is hard t decide what is right r wrng.他陷入一种难以判断对错的境地。
This is the htel where_(＝in_which) they stayed.这就是他们待过的旅馆。
3．why引导定语从句的用法
(1)当先行词是表示原因的名词reasn，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句用why引导，且只能引导限制性定语从句。
(2)why可以用fr which来代替。
This is the reasn why_(＝fr_which) he left in a hurry.
这是他匆匆离去的原因。
eq \a\vs4\al(三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
1．关系代词的选择
“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时关系代词用whm，不可用wh/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不能用that。
This is the student fr_whm I bught a bk.这就是我给其买书的那个学生。
This is the ship by_which I went t Shanghai.这就是我去上海所乘的船。
They live in a huse, f_which the windws are made f glass.他们住在一所窗户是玻璃做的房子里。
2．介词的选择
(1)根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
Is this the car fr_which yu paid a high price?这就是你花高价买的车吗？(pay ... fr sth.)
In the dark street, there wasn't a single persn t_whm she culd turn fr help.在漆黑的街上，没有一个她可以求助的人。(turn t sb. fr help)
(2)根据定语从句中的主要形容词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
He brught the result with_which the bss was satisfied.他带来了令老板满意的结果。(be satisfied with)
(3)根据先行词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词。
D yu still remember the day n_which we met fr the first time?你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗？(n the day)
I can't remember the age at_which he wn the prize.我记不起他获奖时的年龄了。(at the age)
(4)根据句子的意思来确定介词。有些句子的先行词完全一样，定语从句中的谓语动词/主要形容词与介词也不能构成固定搭配，这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思来选择介词。
This is the pilt with_whm my brther has wrked fr ten years.这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。
This is the pilt by_whm my sn was saved.这就是救了我儿子的那位飞行员。
eq \a\vs4\al(四、关系代词与关系副词的选择)
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断：
This is the factry where he used t wrk.这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(wrk是不及物动词)
This is the factry (that/which) I visited last year.这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词)
Is this the museum (that/which) yu visited a few days ag? 这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少宾语)
Is this the museum where the exhibitin was held?这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少地点状语)
(1)单句语法填空
①I will never frget the days ________ we stayed tgether in the cuntryside.
②Andrew lives alne and enjys the cmpany f a pet cat ________ which he's grwn s fnd.
③The reasn ________ he was late was that smething was wrng with his bike n the way.
④The huse ________ which he paid 200,000 yuan is nw wrth 350,000 yuan.
⑤—Are yu getting n well with yur partner?
—Nt at all. We've almst cme t the pint ________ we have t separate.
用关系副词或“介词＋关系代词”将下列每对句子合并成一个句子
①Yur mther is talking t the by. D yu knw him.
__________________________________________________________________
②The factry is far away frm my hmetwn. His father wrks there.
__________________________________________________________________
③I didn't cme this mrning. The reasn was that it rained heavily.
__________________________________________________________________
④Yesterday Mary bught a few clthes. All f them were beautiful.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤Yu slve the prblem in this way. I dn't like it.
__________________________________________________________________
写作园地
应用文写作——关于英语学习的博客
本单元的写作任务是应用文中的“博客”。英文名为Blg，为Web和 Lg的合成词。博客主要是使用特定的软件，在网络上出版、发表和张贴个人文章。博客的内容可以是个人纯粹的想法和心得，包括你对时事新闻、国家大事的个人看法等，也可以是在基于某一主题或在某一领域由一群人集体创作的内容。
一、基本结构
分享英语学习建议的博客一般包括以下几部分内容：
1．第一部分——陈述此篇博客的主题。
2．第二部分——具体的英语学习建议。
3．第三部分——对整篇博客内容的总结或表达相关祝愿。
二、注意事项
1．写作文体：博客属于应用文。
2．主体时态：文章通常以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，也可以根据需要适当使用其他时态。
3．主体人称：人称主要为第一人称和第二人称。
一、开头常用语
1．Learning a language is a gradual prcess—it des nt happen vernight.学习一门语言是一个循序渐进的过程——一夜之间学不好语言。
2．English is the mst imprtant language in the wrld s we shuld learn it well.英语是世界上最重要的语言之一，因此我们应该学好它。
二、正文常用语
1．Find friends t study and speak with. Learning English tgether can be very encuraging.和朋友一起学习，一起对话。一起学英语会使你备受鼓舞。
2．Chse learning materials that relate t what yu are interested in. Being interested in the subject will make learning mre enjyable—thus mre effective.选择你感兴趣的学习材料。有意思的主题可以让你学得更愉悦——效率随之更高。
3．The Internet is the mst exciting, unlimited English resurce that anyne culd imagine and it is right at yur finger tips.网络是最令人兴奋且不受限制的英语学习资源，一切都触手可及。
三、结尾常用语
1．Be patient with yurself. Remember learning is a prcess—speaking a language well takes time. It is nt a cmputer that is either n r ff!
对自己有耐心一点。记住，学习是一个过程——说好一门语言是需要时间的，它可不像一台说开就开，说关就关的电脑！
2．Rme was nt built in a day. The same ges fr English study, which is a lng and difficult jurney fr all the learners.罗马非一日建成，英语学习也是如此，对于学习者来说是一个漫长和艰难的旅程。
3．Be patient and persistent, especially in the initial perid f study when all f the effrt seems t be with n result, d believe in that we will see the fruit f ur hard wrk after the suffering.耐心和坚持，特别是在学习的初期阶段，当所有的努力似乎都没有回报的时候。我们要相信，苦难过后，我们会看到努力学习的成果。
4．Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
假定你是李华，你班里有些同学在英语学习上有些困难。写一篇博客，提出一些英语学习建议，内容要点如下：
1．收听英语节目；
2．看英语电视节目和电影；
3．多读，多讲，多练。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)
1．Over the next 40 years，the wrld will be adding sme 3 peple if there are n extreme disasters.
2．As fr students like us，we shuld have a gd twards life even if the cruel reality ruins ur dream.
3．They have sme supprting (系统) f these all arund the wrld frm ne base t anther.
4．A cde uses (符号) t replace wrds，phrases，r sentences.
5．Williams was impressed with Benjamin and had tw (经典的) bks n painting delivered t him.
6．I hpe all f us can tgether and survive all the sufferings.
7． warming has becme ne f the mst shcking prblems in tday’s sciety.
8．When I listen t (本国的) English speakers talking in a vide，I can catch nly a few wrds.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)
9．The (majr) f the students are interested in her class，which makes her happy.
10．I wuld like t express my (appreciate) t thse wh always give me timely help and encuragement when I’m trapped by the fld.
11．All men are brn ，s everyne hpes t be treated equally because equality is the essential demand.(equal)
12．It was a challenging and (demand) jb，but anyhw we managed t handle it with jint effrts.
13．Wuld yu like t give a detailed (describe) f the rescue in which yu saved 4 dgs?
14．I was wandering in a subway statin when I saw a fr fd.(beg)
15．We ur thery n the f practice，cnsidering sme factrs.(base)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写
16．我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。
I will have an imprtant meeting t attend，and I can’t g t the bkstre with yu.
17．那是一段女孩没有权利去上学的时期。
girls had n right t g t schl.
18．无论走到哪里，他总是带着手机。
，he tk his cellphne with him.
19．听说你在学习汉语方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议。
Hearing that ，I am writing t give yu sme advice.
20．当听课的时候，你应该写下老师所说的。
When having classes，yu shuld write dwn .
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Written Chinese has develped alng 1. China’s civilisatin.2. is difficult t say when exactly calligraphy 3. (start)．Chinese writing was first dne by 4. (carve) symbls nt bnes and shells.Sme f the ancient symbls can still 5. (see) in tday’s hanzi.These symbls had becme 6. well-develped writing system by the Shang Dynasty when Chinese peple were divided 7. (gegraphy)，8. (lead) t many 9. (variety) f dialects and characters.In the Qin Dynasty，the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin,10. was imprtant in uniting the Chinese peple and culture.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译句子并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)
eq \x(despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，date)
When 1. t English，we knw English is widely used in glbal affairs.N matter what kind f English peple are speaking，native speakers have n truble understanding the wrds like “gas”，“petrl”，“subway”，“apartment”，“pants” and ther wrds 2. the small differences in vcabulary.But students whse mther tngue is nt English are struggling with billins f wrds.On the ther hand，frm freigners’ pint f view，Chinese is regarded as a 3. language.Firstly，the majr language which is called Pu Tng Hua in China is hard enugh t learn，let alne 4. f dialects.Secndly，Chinese characters are abstract symbls fr them.The writing system,5. back t the Shang Dynasty when peple carved smething with 6. meanings n bnes r shells，is like strange pictures. Hwever，based n the cmmn 7. f these characters，sme classic wrks are still read nw.Besides，calligraphy is als an art frm clsely 8. t Chinese culture.Bth languages are f equal imprtance.We shuld learn them well t bridge the gap between cultures.
题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Nwadays everybdy seems t think that they knw English. Many peple speak it but few speak it really well. Practice is necessary in speaking English well.
Reading is als ne f the things that will help yu t speak English better. Read whenever yu can and whatever yu like! Read papers and Internet sites that yu like in English every day. Then, yu will see that the number f knwn wrds is increasingeq \a\vs4\al(W1) and yu are able t speak with mre skills. Then yu will have made the fundatinseq \a\vs4\al(W2) and a gd basis feq \a\vs4\al(P) English. It is nt gd t stp and get stuck there.
Ging t England r an Englishspeaking cuntry is a gd chice, but many peple cannt affrd it. If yu cannt g, reading and speaking with yur friends will als help yu t practice yur English. Hwever, I think it is very gd t visit sme Englishspeaking cuntry t see and test yur knwledge in everyday life. Yu will understand the everyday usage f the language in its natural envirnment. There yur level f English is ging t imprve even faster. Yur ability t speak English is better. Nthing can match the excitement and happiness when a native speaker tells yu that yur English is very gd!
Finally, in rder t speak English well, yu must be persistenteq \a\vs4\al(W3) and d it every day. It is like playing the pian. Pianists play it every day and s shuld yu. Include English in yur life and yu will see where it is ging. Practice, Practice! Read, write and imprve yur language skills and yu are n yur way when yu will be able t speak it with mre and mre cnfidence！
1．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t Imprve Yur Language Skills
B．Speaking English
C．Hw t Speak English Well
D．Practice, Practice!
2．What des the writer suggest abut reading?
A．Trying t imprve yur vcabulary.
B．Keeping n reading when yu have time.
C．Stpping when yu have a gd basis f English.
D．Lking up every unknwn wrd when reading.
3．The main idea f the last paragraph is that ________.
A．we shuld play the pian every day
B．speaking English is fun and entertaining
C．if we've learned t read and write, we'll certainly be able t speak
D．we shuld practice English every day t imprve ur speaking skills
4．Accrding t the passage, what may make the authr excited?
A．Reading papers and Internet sites.
B．Having a gd basis f English.
C．Ging t an Englishspeaking cuntry.
D．A native speaker's praise.
B
“Lng time n see” is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence frm an American friend's email, I laughed. I thught it was a perfect example f Chinglish.
Obviuslyeq \a\vs4\al(W1)， it is a wrdbywrd literal translatin f the Chinese greetings with a ruled English grammar and structure! Later n, my friend tld me that it is a standard American greeting. I was t surprised t believe her. Her wrds culd nt cnvinceeq \a\vs4\al(W2) me at all. S I did a research n ggle.cm. T my surprise, there are ver 60 thusand web pages cntaining “Lng time n see.” This sentence has been widely used in emails, letters, newspapers, mvies, bks, r any ther pssible places. Thugh it is srt f infrmal, it is part f the language that Americans use daily. Irnicallyeq \a\vs4\al(W3)， if yu type this phrase in Micrsft Wrd, the sftware will tell yu that the grammar needs t be crrected.
Nbdy knws the rigin f this Chinglish sentence. Sme peple believe that it came frm Charlie Chan's mvies. In the 1930s, Hllywd mvie makers successfully created a wrld wide famus Chinese detective named “Charlie Chan” n wide screens. Detective Chan likes t teach Americans sme Chinese wisdm by quting Cnfucius. “Lng time n see” was his trademark. Sn after Charlie Chan, “Lng time n see” became a ppular phrase in the real wrld with thanks t the ppularity f these mvies.
Sme schlarseq \a\vs4\al(W4) refer t America aseq \a\vs4\al(P) a huge pt f stew. All kinds f culture are mixed in the stew tgether, and they change the clr and taste f each ther. American Chinese, thugh a minrity ethnic (少数民族的成员) grup in the United States, is als cntributing sme changes t the stew! Language is usually the first thing t be influenced in the mixed stew.
Yu can have sme ther examples than adptins (采用) frm Chinese, such as pizza frm Italian, susi frm Japanese, and déjà vu frm French etc. There is a lng list! Americans d nt just simply brrw smething frm thers. They will mdifyeq \a\vs4\al(W5) it and make it their wn, s yu wuld nt be surprised t find a tfu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant, r t buy a bttle f iced Chinese green tea with hney in a grcery stre. Since Americans appreciate Chinese culture mre and mre nwadays, I believe mre Chinese wrds will becme American English in the future. In this way the American stew keeps adding richness and flavr.
5．The writer himself felt surprised at ________.
A．the Chinglish expressin “Lng time n see”
B．s many literal translatin f the expressins used in America
C．“Lng time n see” used as standard American English
D．finding ut Americans use the expressin every day
6．The wrd “stew” in the 4th paragraph prbably means “________”．
A．Cnfucius' wrds
B．mixture culture
C．a kind f cked dish
D．American changing cultures
7．Accrding t the passage, it can be inferred that ________.
A．detectives translate the phrase “Lng time n see”
B．cultures can be changed in the huge pt f stew
C．the huge pt f stew greatly affects all kinds f languages
D．Hllywd made “Lng time n see” ppular
Ⅱ 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Althugh many Chinese students say that their knwledge f English grammar is gd, mst wuld admit that their spken English is pr. Whenever I speak t a Chinese student, they always say, “My spken English is pr.” __1__ I wuld like t suggest that there may be sme reasns fr their prblems with spken English.
First, they fail t find suitable wrds t express themselves due t a limited vcabulary. __2__ Hwever, yu can speak with a limited vcabulary, if yu chse a psitive attitude. Others will fllw yu as lng as yu use the wrds that yu knw.
__3__ Smetimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervus. Yet students shuld remember that their gal shuld be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Yur aim in writing is t be accurate fllwing the rules fr grammar and using the right wrds and spelling them crrectly. Hwever, in speaking yur aim is fluency. Yu want t get yur message acrss, t talk t smene in English, as quickly and as well as yu can, even thugh smetimes yu may use a wrng wrd r tense, but it desn't matter. __4__
The third reasn is that nt enugh attentin is paid t listening. Yu have ne muth but tw ears! All that hearing is necessary fr yu t start speaking.
Furth, mst Chinese students are reactive rather than practive (主动的) language learners. Instead f actively seeking ut pprtunities t imprve their spken English they passively wait fr speaking pprtunities t cme t them and wnder why their English always remains pr. __5__
A．The persn yu are speaking t will understand yu and make allwances fr any mistakes he hears.
B．Obviusly the better answer is t expand their vcabulary.
C．They may try t avid making similar mistakes next time.
D．If yu have this practive utlk, then yu will see English pprtunities wherever yu g.
E．Secnd, they are afraid f making mistakes.
F．Hwever, their spken English des nt have t remain “pr”！
G．The secnd reasn lies in the reluctance f using what has just been learned.
Ⅲ 语法填空
The first Edinburgh Internatinal Festival ___1___ (hld) 71 years ag. Its first big success came in the fllwing year ___2___ an adaptatin f The Thrie Estaites was perfrmed. Frm then n, the Festival has ___3___ (gradual) grwn t becme ne f the mst ppular arts festivals in the wrld. As the funders f the Festival believed, the Festival prgrams have enriched the ___4___ (culture) life f Britain and even Eurpe.
The Festival fcuses n the fields f music, art, dance and theatre. ___5___ (bring) tgether the best artists frm arund the wrld, the Festival has earned ___6___ gd reputatin, which has dne much t draw the visitrs' attentin t the varius shws that take place all ver the city.
Each year during the summer ___7___ (mnth), Edinburgh becmes the wrld's Festival City. It is the huge range f artistic events, perfrmances and exhibitins that ___8___ (make) Edinburgh unfrgettable. It makes yu feel that there is always smething else happening arund the crner which yu are missing and ___9___ any given night f the Festival, yu can chse ___10___ (watch) “The Girl n the Sfa”， a play by Jan Fsse, and the pera Parsifal, amng many ther ptins.
重点词汇
阅读单词——我会认
1．bne n．
2．shell n．
3．symbl n．
4．carve vt.& vi.
5．dynasty n．
6．dialect n．
7．specific adj.
8．tngue n．
9．semester n．
10．pants n．
重点单词——我会写
1． n．十亿
2． adj.本地的 n．本地人
3． n．态度；看法
4． n．体系；制度；系统
5． prep.即使；尽管
6． n．因素；要素
7． n．方式；方法；途径
8． adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著
9． n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
10． n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
11． n．书法；书法艺术
12． n．公共事务；事件；关系
13． n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
14． n．汽油；气体；燃气
15． n．(NAmE gas)汽油
16． n．(BrE undergrund)地铁
17． n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房
18． n．间隔；开口；差距
19． n．词汇
词汇拓展
1．reference n．指称关系；参考→ vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→ vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→
n．基础→ adj.基础的
3．variety n．异体；多样化→ v．变化；不同→ adj.各种各样的
4．majr adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→ n．大多数
5．glbal adj.全球的；全世界的→ n．地球；地球仪
6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→ n．感激；欣赏→ adj.感激的
7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→ n．乞丐
8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→ adv.平等地→
n．平等
9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→ adj.要求高的
10．descriptin n．描写(文字)；形容→ vt.描述
11．relate vt.联系；讲述→ adj.相关的→ n．关系→
n．关系
重点词组
1．refer t
2．ups and dwns
3．date back (t...)
4．n matter where，wh，what，etc.
5．pint f view
6．relate t
重点句型
1． ，but ne f the main factrs has been the Chinese writing system.这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书法体系。
2．Over the years，the system develped int different frms，as peple were divided gegraphically，leading t many varieties f dialects and characters.多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
3．Even tday， Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak，they can all still cmmunicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
4．I used t get high marks in English，but nw I’m a lt f
my listening.
过去我英语成绩很好，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
5．I als repeat t help myself t experience the feeling f the language.
为了帮助自己体会语言的情感，我也重复自己听到的内容。
•refer t指的是；描述；提到；查阅
把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer 把……称作……
•reference n．提及，涉及；参考；参考书目
in/with reference t sb./sth.关于
reference bks/material参考书/参考资料
1
base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)base ... n/upn ...
把……建立在……基础之上
be based n/upn 以……为基础；依据……
(2)－based (构成复合词)
以……为重要部分(或特征)；以……为主
(3)basis n. 基础；基本原则
(4)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
2
variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)a variety f＝varieties f＝all kinds f 种类繁多的；各种各样的
(2)varius adj. 不同的；各种各样的
fr varius reasns 由于种种原因
(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化
vary frm ... t ... 从……到……变化不等；在……到……之间变动
3
majr adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)majr in 主修
(2)in the/a majrity 占大多数
a/the majrity f 大多数……
4
Even tday, n_matter where Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak, they can all still cmmunicate in writing.
即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么样的方言，大家都可以用文字沟通交流。(教材P62)
剖析
本句为复合句，前句是“n matter＋特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。
归纳
拓展
(1)n matter和特殊疑问词(what/wh/which/when/whse/where/hw等)一起引导让步状语从句。其中n matter hw引导让步状语从句时后面紧跟形容词或副词，然后再接从句中的其他成分，句子的语序为： n matter hw＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语部分。
(2)n matter hw/wh/where/when/what/which ... 引导让步状语从句时，可换成hwever/whever/wherever/whenever/whatever/whichever (无论多么/无论谁/无论哪里/无论何时/无论什么/无论哪个)等。
5
means n. 方式；方法；途径(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)by this means 通过这种方法
by means f 用……办法；借助……
by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以
by n means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
(2)a means f cmmunicatin 一种通讯/交流方式
6
regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)as regards sth. 关于；至于某事
with/in regard t 关于；对于
in this/that regard 在这方面；在这一点上
(2)regard ... as ... 把……当作……
(3)regarding prep. 关于
7
character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；性格(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)a leading character 主角
in character 符合某人的性格
ut f character 不符合某人的性格
(2)characteristic adj. 表现特点的 n. 特征，特性
be characteristic f sb. 是某人的特点
8
As China plays a greater rle in glbal affairs, an_increasing_number_f internatinal students are beginning t appreciate China's culture and histry thrugh this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。(教材P62)
剖析
a number f意为“很多；好些”，increasing在句中修饰number，表示“不断增加；持续增多”。
归纳
拓展
(1)number前可用gd, large, small, great, grwing, increasing等形容词修饰。
(2)a number f用于修饰可数名词复数。当“a number f＋可数名词复数”作主语时，中心词是可数名词复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式。
9
appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)appreciate sth. 欣赏某物；感谢某事
appreciate (sb./sb.'s) ding sth. 感谢(某人)做某事
I wuld appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciatin n. 欣赏；感激
1
struggle n．& vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗(教材P64)
归纳
拓展
(1)struggle t d sth. 艰难地做某事；挣扎着做某事
struggle fr 为……而斗争
struggle with/against 同……搏斗/作斗争
(2)struggle t ne's feet 挣扎着站起来
2
The_mre I learnt f a language, the_mre my brain wuld grw.
我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。(教材P64)
剖析
“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”是固定句型，意为“越……，越……”。
归纳
拓展
(1)第一个“the＋比较级 ...”相当于条件状语从句，第二个“the＋比较级 ...”相当于主句。
(2)如果第二个“the＋比较级 ...”用一般将来时，则第一个“the＋比较级 ...”通常用一般现在时表将来。
(3)这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句表示的程度而变化。当句意明确时，此句型结构常以省略形式出现。
1
equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的(教材P66)
归纳
拓展
(1)be equal t (ding) sth. 能胜任(做)某事
withut equal 无与伦比；无敌
(2)A equals B in ...
A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌
(3)equality n. 平等
equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地
2
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问(教材P66)
归纳
拓展
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy ne's demands 满足某人的需求
(2)demand t d sth. 要求做某事
demand that ... (shuld) d sth. 要求……做某事
(3)sth. demand(s) t be dne＝sth. demand(s) ding 某事需要被做
3
relate vt. 联系；讲述(教材P67)
归纳
拓展
(1)relate t 与……相关；涉及；谈到
relate ... t 把……和……联系在一起
relate sth. t sb. 向某人叙述/讲述某事
(2)related adj. 相关的；有(亲属)关系的
be related t 和……有关的；和……有联系的
(3)relatin n. 关系
have n relatin t sth. 同某事无关
in/with relatin t 关于；与……相比
用法
依据
根据从句的谓语动词
是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据先行词在从句中所作的成分
把先行词代入定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词
目标导航
知识精讲
知识点01 refer vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于
①... which is ften referred t as the Nbel Prize in architecture ... ……通常被称为诺贝尔建筑奖……
②If yu dn't understand sme wrds, yu can refer t the dictinary.如果你不懂一些单词，你可以查阅字典。
③She always referred t Ben as “that nice man”．她总是称本为“那个大好人”。
④Keep the list f numbers near the phne fr easy reference.把电话号码表放在电话旁边，方便查阅。
(1)单句语法填空
①In his speech, he referred ________ a recent trip t Canada.
②There are several ________ (refer) bks which have been cmpiled t help yu make yur chice.
(2)单句写作
①This paragraph ________________ (指的是) the events f last year.
②我们分组讨论了有关阅读的以下问题。
We discussed the fllwing questins in small grups with ________________ the reading.
There is n egg in eggplant nr ham in hamburger;neither apple nr pine in pineapple.
茄子里没有鸡蛋，汉堡包里也没有火腿；菠萝里既没有苹果也没有松树。
本句中neither.nr.意为“既不……，也不……”，连接两个并列名词apple和pine。
(l)“”可连接词性相同的词、词组或结构，表示完全否定。如果连接两个归纳名词或代词作主语，则谓语动词的数和nr后的词保持一致（即遵循就近一致原则）。
(2)如果连接两个句子且放在句首，则两个句子都必须部分倒装。
①Their huse is neither big nr small.他们的房子不大也不小。
②Neither yu nr I am ging t d it.你和我都不打算做这件事。
③Neither did I g t watch the ftball match nr did I care its result.我既没有去看那场足球赛，也不关心它的结果。
名师点津 连接并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数要遵循就近一致原则的词/词组还有： either ... r ... 要么……要么……； nt nly ... but (als) ... 不仅……而且……；nt ... but ... 不是……而是……等。
(1)单句语法填空
Neither his parents nr he ________ (knw) anything abut it.
(2)句型转换
Henry desn't like watching mvies. His girlfriend Helen desn't, either.
→________ Henry ________ his girlfriend Helen ________ watching mvies.
知识点2
①Yu're flish enugh t base_yur_hpes_upn his prmise. 你把希望建立在他的承诺上真是太愚蠢了。
②The thery he put up was_based_n his many years' research, s it was practical.
他提出的理论是以他多年的科学研究为依据的，因此是切实可行的。
③The gvernment prvides them with nt nly fd and shelter, but als the basic skills fr their living.
政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。
④This trend is challenging family－based traditins. 这个趋势正在挑战以家庭为基础的传统。
(1)单句语法填空
①The reprt is ________ (base) n facts.
②They have t have a ________ (base) understanding f cmputers in rder t use the advanced technlgy.
③As far as I'm cncerned, cmmn hbbies are the ________ (base) f making friends.
(2)单句写作
我们昨天看的这部电影受到了高度评价，它是以一个真实的爱情故事为依据的。
____________ a true lve stry, the film we watched yesterday is highly thught f.
知识点3
①Apples cme in a great many varieties.苹果的品种繁多。
②One f the advantages is that we can find a_variety_f tpics such as science, culture and histry.
优势之一是我们能够找到各种话题，如：科学、文化、历史。
③There are varius activities that suit the tastes f different peple.有适合不同人爱好的各种各样的活动。
④The imprtance f being an Olympian will vary_frm_athlete_t_athlete. 成为奥运选手对每个运动员而言意义不同。
单句语法填空
①The research team is made up f the pupils, whse ages ________ (varius) frm 10 t 15.
②There are ________ (variety) reasns why cancers appear t be n the increase.
③This tl can be used in a variety ________ ways.
知识点4
①Sichuan is ne f the majr industrial bases f China. 四川是中国重要的工业基地之一。
②And if yu're accepted, yu can majr_in anything yu want. 只要你被录取了，你就可以主修任何你想学的东西。
③The_majrity_f my patients cme t me frm ut f twn.大多数来找我看病的患者都是外地人。
(1)单句语法填空
①The student, ________ (majr) in ecnmics at cllege, made a cmment n the matter.
②Generally speaking, if yu lk at the audience at a classical cncert, the ________ (majr) f them are ver the age f fifty.
(2)单句写作
①________________ (主要问题) at present is hw t vercme all the difficulties.
②Althugh I didn't __________ (主修) cmputer, I have a lt f interest in it.
知识点5
①N_matter_wh yu are, yu must bey the law.不管你是谁，你必须遵守法律。
②We'll have t finish the jb, n_matter_hw_lng it takes.无论花多长时间，我们都得完成这项工作。
③N_matter_hw_late he cmes back, his mther will wait fr him t have dinner tgether.无论他回来得多晚，他妈妈都会等他一起吃晚饭。
④无论你说什么都是对的。
N_matter_what yu say (＝Whatever yu say), yu are right.
(N matter what在此引导让步状语从句，可以换成Whatever)
⑤N_matter_hw (＝Hwever) hard I tried, I failed t wrk ut the math prblem.
无论怎么努力，我都解不出这道数学题。
⑥N_matter_when(＝Whenever) yu decide t g, I wuld keep yu cmpany.无论你决定何时去，我都会陪着你。
(1)单句语法填空
①One can always manage t d mre things, n matter ________ full ne's schedule is.
②I am firmly cnvinced (深信) that n matter ________ chances arrive, we are able t seize them as lng as we are well prepared.
③N matter ________ yu lse in life, dn't lse faith and hpe.
(2)单句写作
①无论谁违反法律，他都将受到惩罚。
________________________， he will be punished.
②无论我发生什么事情，我都会让你知道。
________________________， I will let yu knw.
知识点6
①This is their nly means f cmmunicatin.这是他们唯一的交流方式。
②Students smetimes supprt themselves by_means_f ding part－time jbs.学生有时借助兼职工作养活自己。
③—Can I cme and have a lk at yur huse?—Yes, by_all_means.
——我可以过来看看你的房子吗？——当然可以。
④She is by_n_means an inexperienced teacher.她绝不是个毫无经验的教师。
eq \x(名师点津 means作“方式；方法”讲时单复数同形。)
(1)单句语法填空
Sme researchers pint ut that daydreaming is ________ means f relaxatin.
(2)同义句转换
Every pssible means ________ (try), but nne has wrked.
→All pssible means ________ (try), but nne has wrked.
(3)一句多译
惩罚绝不是一个帮助他们在精神上和身体上健康成长的明智选择。(means)
①Punishment ________________ a wise chice t help them grw up mentally and physically.
②____________________ a wise chice t help them grw up mentally and physically.(倒装)
知识点7
①As_regards the war, Haig believed in victry at any price. 至于这场战争，黑格认为要不惜任何代价取得胜利。
②We've made extrardinary prgress as a sciety in_that_regard.在那个方面，我们的社会已经取得了巨大的进步。
③I treasure the friendship very much, and I regard_the_friendship_as ne part f my life. 我非常珍惜友谊，并且我认为友谊是我生活的一部分。
(1)单句语法填空
①Can I regard what yu have just tld me ________ fact?
②I wrte a letter ________ (regard) my daughter's schl examinatins.
(2)单句写作
①至于薪金，请在考验本人的能力之后再作决定。
________________ salary, I leave it t yu t decide after experience f my capacity.
②对于幸福我们通常有什么误解吗？
What are the misunderstandings that we usually have ______________ happiness?
知识点8
①Her behaviur last night was cmpletely ut_f_character.她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不符。
②One may nly have a character,_but may have many characteristics,_all f which build ne's character.
个人可能只有一种性格，但可能有多种特征或特点，所有这些特征或特点便构成了一个人的品质。
(1)单句语法填空
①It was entirely ________ character fr Rachel t put her baby first.
②The need t cmmunicate is a key ________ (character) f human sciety.
(2)写出句中character的含义
①He is the main character in the film Wndering Earth. ________
②Her husband was a man f gd character, well－liked and respected by his clleagues. ________
③There are mre than 80,000 Chinese characters, mst f which are seldm used tday. ________
知识点9
①A_gd_number_f my classmates agree with me.我班上的不少同学都赞同我(的意见)。
②Thugh she is quite a ppular writer, nly a_small_number_f her wrks can be fund in public libraries.尽管她是一位十分知名的作家，但公共图书馆中能够找到的她的作品却不多。
③A_number_f_my_friends_think I shuld take a hliday.我的很多朋友认为我应该休假。
[易混辨析：a number f/the number f]
单句语法填空
①The number f the teachers wh wn cars ________ (be) increasing.
②A great many cllege students ________ (be) sent t the pr area t help the children there last mnth.
③Large quantities f il ________ (be) imprted frm abrad every year.
④The number f jurnalists invited t the party yesterday ________ 100, but a large number f them ________ absent fr different reasns. (be)
知识点10
①But there is smething unclear fr me, s I_wuld_appreciate_it_if yu culd give me mre infrmatin.但是我有一些不清楚的事情，所以如果你能给我更多的信息，我会很感激的。
②I'd appreciate_yur_writing me back as sn as pssible.你尽早回信我将感激不尽。
③Shw sme appreciatin fr my persnal grwth. 对我个人的成长表示感谢。
名师点津当appreciate, hate, dislike, lve, like, depend/rely n等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。
(1)单句语法填空
①On the night f the Mid－autumn Day, peple gather tgether eating mncakes and ________ (appreciate) the full mn.
②I appreciate ________ (give) the pprtunity t wrk in yur cmpany tw years ag.
③Here I sincerely express my ________ (appreciate) if yu culd help find the lst suitcase.
(2)单句写作
如果您能就如何解决这些问题给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。
__________________ yu can give me sme advice n hw t slve these prblems.
知识点11
①The cmpany is struggling_t_find buyers fr its new prduct.该公司正竭力为其新产品寻找买主。
②He struggled_against cancer fr tw years.他同癌症抗争了两年。
③Yu have t let us struggle_fr urselves, even if we must die in the prcess.你得让我们为自己拼搏，哪怕我们会在这个过程中死去。
(1)单句语法填空
①The sldier was badly wunded but he struggled ________ his feet at last.
②T get an educatin, he was struggling ________ many difficulties.
③The children talked s ludly at dinner table that I had t struggle ________ (hear)．
(2)单句写作
我们必须和来自国内外的各种各样的困难作斗争。
We have t ________________ all kinds f difficulties frm hme and abrad.
知识点12
①I was getting mre and mre annyed and f curse, the_mre upset I gt, the_less I was able t cncentrate.
我变得越来越心烦，当然，我越是感到心烦我就越难集中精力。
②The_lnger she waited, the_mre_impatient she became.她等的时间越长，变得越不耐烦。
③The_mre yu practice, the_better yur English is.你练习得越多，你的英语就越好。
④The_busier he is, the_happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。
⑤The_sner,_the_better.越早越好。
单句写作
①轮胎里空气越多，里面的压力就越大。
______________ there is inside the tyre, the greater the pressure there is in it.
②战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。
The lnger the war lasts, ____________ the peple there will suffer.
③你越用功，进步就越大。
The harder yu wrk, ________________ yu will make.
知识点13
①She was determined that she wuld be_equal_t any test the cmpany put t her.她下定决心要成功应对公司对她的任何考验。
②Nt all men are equal_in ability.人的能力并不都是一样的。
③He is a player withut_equal.他是个无与伦比的运动员。
④Men and wmen must be treated equally in educatin and emplyment.在教育和就业方面男女应该得到平等的对待。
(1)单句语法填空
①I dn't think he is equal t ________ (d) this kind f wrk. s I can't hire him.
②Learning t deal with the scial wrld is ________ (equal) imprtant.
(2)一句多译
尽管他年轻，但是约翰却能胜任这项重要的工作。
①Yung as he was, Jhn ____________ the imprtant task.(equal)
②Althugh he was yung, Jhn ____________ the imprtant task.(fit)
③Yung as he was, Jhn ________________ the imprtant task.(qualified)
知识点14
①First，science graduates are_in_greater_demand than arts nes in China.首先，在中国，对理科毕业生的需求比对文科生的更大。
②She demanded_t_see the headmaster.她要求见校长。
③The pliceman demanded_that the gate (shuld) be shut.警察要求把大门关上。
(1)单句语法填空
①They think learning English well is ne f the ________ (demand) f mdern sciety and will d gd t ur future career.
②My demand is that the infrmatin referred t in my reprt ________ (email) t Mr Brwn withut delay.
③My car demands/needs/requires ________ (repair), s I have t g t wrk by bus.
(2)单句写作
这个季节，软饮料需求量很大。
Sft drinks are __________________ in this seasn.
知识点15
①I had papers relating_t the children which my wife and I had t sign. 我有一些关于孩子的文件需要我和妻子签字。
②He related_the_facts_f_the_case_t jurnalists.他给记者们讲述了这件事的实际情况。
③Much f the crime in this area is_related_t drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与吸毒有关。
④I have sme cmments t make in_relatin_t (＝cncerning) this matter.关于这件事我有几点看法。
(1)单句语法填空
①There were fficials ________ whm he culd relate the whle stry.
②We seek t imprve ________ (relate) between ur tw cuntries.
③I think that's why s many peple relate ________ her.
(2)单句写作
①你的作品一定要与我们的学校生活有关。
Yur wrks must ________________ ur schl life.
②你能将童年的经历与现在的心境联系起来吗？
Can yu ________ what happened in yur childhd ________ yur present state f mind?
语法精讲
Grammar 定语从句(Ⅱ)
单句语法填空
1．There was a time ________ Anne was s crazy abut everything t d with nature.
2．I saw a huse, the windws f ________ were brken.
3．Self－driving is an area ________ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
4．Is this the village ________ my mther was brn?
5．The reasn ________ she changed her mind is quite clear.
6．The days ________ they travelled tgether meant a lt t him.
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中用作时间、地点、原因状语时，应使用关系副词when, where, why或“介词＋which”。
eq \a\vs4\al(一、关系副词的作用)
1．指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词。
2．在从句中充当句子成分——状语，即在从句中起副词的作用。
3．起连接作用，把主句和定语从句连接起来构成主从复合句。
eq \a\vs4\al(二、关系副词引导的定语从句)
1．when引导定语从句的用法
(1)当先行词是表示时间的名词(如time, day, year, mnth, week等)，且关系词在从句中作时间状语时，定语从句用when引导。
(2)when可以换成“介词＋which”。
I still remember the time when_(＝in_which) I was in cllege.我仍然记得我上大学的那段时光。
I have frgtten the exact date when_(＝n_which) this cuntry became independent.
我忘记这个国家独立的确切日期了。
2．where引导定语从句的用法
(1)当先行词是表示具体地点的名词(如place, rm, muntain, airprt等)或抽象地点的名词(如case, state, cnditin, pint, situatin等)，且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，定语从句用where引导。
(2)where可以换成“介词＋which”。
We have reached a pint where a change is needed.我们已经到了需要作出改变的地步。
He gets int a situatin where it is hard t decide what is right r wrng.他陷入一种难以判断对错的境地。
This is the htel where_(＝in_which) they stayed.这就是他们待过的旅馆。
3．why引导定语从句的用法
(1)当先行词是表示原因的名词reasn，且关系词在从句中作原因状语时，定语从句用why引导，且只能引导限制性定语从句。
(2)why可以用fr which来代替。
This is the reasn why_(＝fr_which) he left in a hurry.
这是他匆匆离去的原因。
eq \a\vs4\al(三、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
1．关系代词的选择
“介词＋关系代词”既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。在此结构中，先行词指人时关系代词用whm，不可用wh/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不能用that。
This is the student fr_whm I bught a bk.这就是我给其买书的那个学生。
This is the ship by_which I went t Shanghai.这就是我去上海所乘的船。
They live in a huse, f_which the windws are made f glass.他们住在一所窗户是玻璃做的房子里。
2．介词的选择
(1)根据定语从句中的谓语动词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
Is this the car fr_which yu paid a high price?这就是你花高价买的车吗？(pay ... fr sth.)
In the dark street, there wasn't a single persn t_whm she culd turn fr help.在漆黑的街上，没有一个她可以求助的人。(turn t sb. fr help)
(2)根据定语从句中的主要形容词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。
He brught the result with_which the bss was satisfied.他带来了令老板满意的结果。(be satisfied with)
(3)根据先行词与介词的习惯搭配来确定介词。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词。
D yu still remember the day n_which we met fr the first time?你还记得我们第一次见面的那天吗？(n the day)
I can't remember the age at_which he wn the prize.我记不起他获奖时的年龄了。(at the age)
(4)根据句子的意思来确定介词。有些句子的先行词完全一样，定语从句中的谓语动词/主要形容词与介词也不能构成固定搭配，这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思来选择介词。
This is the pilt with_whm my brther has wrked fr ten years.这就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那位飞行员。
This is the pilt by_whm my sn was saved.这就是救了我儿子的那位飞行员。
eq \a\vs4\al(四、关系代词与关系副词的选择)
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可以用以下两种方式判断：
This is the factry where he used t wrk.这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(wrk是不及物动词)
This is the factry (that/which) I visited last year.这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词)
Is this the museum (that/which) yu visited a few days ag? 这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少宾语)
Is this the museum where the exhibitin was held?这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少地点状语)
(1)单句语法填空
①I will never frget the days ________ we stayed tgether in the cuntryside.
②Andrew lives alne and enjys the cmpany f a pet cat ________ which he's grwn s fnd.
③The reasn ________ he was late was that smething was wrng with his bike n the way.
④The huse ________ which he paid 200,000 yuan is nw wrth 350,000 yuan.
⑤—Are yu getting n well with yur partner?
—Nt at all. We've almst cme t the pint ________ we have t separate.
用关系副词或“介词＋关系代词”将下列每对句子合并成一个句子
①Yur mther is talking t the by. D yu knw him.
__________________________________________________________________
②The factry is far away frm my hmetwn. His father wrks there.
__________________________________________________________________
③I didn't cme this mrning. The reasn was that it rained heavily.
__________________________________________________________________
④Yesterday Mary bught a few clthes. All f them were beautiful.
__________________________________________________________________
⑤Yu slve the prblem in this way. I dn't like it.
__________________________________________________________________
写作园地
应用文写作——关于英语学习的博客
本单元的写作任务是应用文中的“博客”。英文名为Blg，为Web和 Lg的合成词。博客主要是使用特定的软件，在网络上出版、发表和张贴个人文章。博客的内容可以是个人纯粹的想法和心得，包括你对时事新闻、国家大事的个人看法等，也可以是在基于某一主题或在某一领域由一群人集体创作的内容。
一、基本结构
分享英语学习建议的博客一般包括以下几部分内容：
1．第一部分——陈述此篇博客的主题。
2．第二部分——具体的英语学习建议。
3．第三部分——对整篇博客内容的总结或表达相关祝愿。
二、注意事项
1．写作文体：博客属于应用文。
2．主体时态：文章通常以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，也可以根据需要适当使用其他时态。
3．主体人称：人称主要为第一人称和第二人称。
一、开头常用语
1．Learning a language is a gradual prcess—it des nt happen vernight.学习一门语言是一个循序渐进的过程——一夜之间学不好语言。
2．English is the mst imprtant language in the wrld s we shuld learn it well.英语是世界上最重要的语言之一，因此我们应该学好它。
二、正文常用语
1．Find friends t study and speak with. Learning English tgether can be very encuraging.和朋友一起学习，一起对话。一起学英语会使你备受鼓舞。
2．Chse learning materials that relate t what yu are interested in. Being interested in the subject will make learning mre enjyable—thus mre effective.选择你感兴趣的学习材料。有意思的主题可以让你学得更愉悦——效率随之更高。
3．The Internet is the mst exciting, unlimited English resurce that anyne culd imagine and it is right at yur finger tips.网络是最令人兴奋且不受限制的英语学习资源，一切都触手可及。
三、结尾常用语
1．Be patient with yurself. Remember learning is a prcess—speaking a language well takes time. It is nt a cmputer that is either n r ff!
对自己有耐心一点。记住，学习是一个过程——说好一门语言是需要时间的，它可不像一台说开就开，说关就关的电脑！
2．Rme was nt built in a day. The same ges fr English study, which is a lng and difficult jurney fr all the learners.罗马非一日建成，英语学习也是如此，对于学习者来说是一个漫长和艰难的旅程。
3．Be patient and persistent, especially in the initial perid f study when all f the effrt seems t be with n result, d believe in that we will see the fruit f ur hard wrk after the suffering.耐心和坚持，特别是在学习的初期阶段，当所有的努力似乎都没有回报的时候。我们要相信，苦难过后，我们会看到努力学习的成果。
4．Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
假定你是李华，你班里有些同学在英语学习上有些困难。写一篇博客，提出一些英语学习建议，内容要点如下：
1．收听英语节目；
2．看英语电视节目和电影；
3．多读，多讲，多练。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)
1．Over the next 40 years，the wrld will be adding sme 3 peple if there are n extreme disasters.
2．As fr students like us，we shuld have a gd twards life even if the cruel reality ruins ur dream.
3．They have sme supprting (系统) f these all arund the wrld frm ne base t anther.
4．A cde uses (符号) t replace wrds，phrases，r sentences.
5．Williams was impressed with Benjamin and had tw (经典的) bks n painting delivered t him.
6．I hpe all f us can tgether and survive all the sufferings.
7． warming has becme ne f the mst shcking prblems in tday’s sciety.
8．When I listen t (本国的) English speakers talking in a vide，I can catch nly a few wrds.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)
9．The (majr) f the students are interested in her class，which makes her happy.
10．I wuld like t express my (appreciate) t thse wh always give me timely help and encuragement when I’m trapped by the fld.
11．All men are brn ，s everyne hpes t be treated equally because equality is the essential demand.(equal)
12．It was a challenging and (demand) jb，but anyhw we managed t handle it with jint effrts.
13．Wuld yu like t give a detailed (describe) f the rescue in which yu saved 4 dgs?
14．I was wandering in a subway statin when I saw a fr fd.(beg)
15．We ur thery n the f practice，cnsidering sme factrs.(base)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写
16．我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。
I will have an imprtant meeting t attend，and I can’t g t the bkstre with yu.
17．那是一段女孩没有权利去上学的时期。
girls had n right t g t schl.
18．无论走到哪里，他总是带着手机。
，he tk his cellphne with him.
19．听说你在学习汉语方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议。
Hearing that ，I am writing t give yu sme advice.
20．当听课的时候，你应该写下老师所说的。
When having classes，yu shuld write dwn .
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Written Chinese has develped alng 1. China’s civilisatin.2. is difficult t say when exactly calligraphy 3. (start)．Chinese writing was first dne by 4. (carve) symbls nt bnes and shells.Sme f the ancient symbls can still 5. (see) in tday’s hanzi.These symbls had becme 6. well-develped writing system by the Shang Dynasty when Chinese peple were divided 7. (gegraphy)，8. (lead) t many 9. (variety) f dialects and characters.In the Qin Dynasty，the Chinese writing system began t develp in ne directin,10. was imprtant in uniting the Chinese peple and culture.
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译句子并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)
eq \x(despite，refer，specific，demand，relate，appreciate，variety，date)
When 1. t English，we knw English is widely used in glbal affairs.N matter what kind f English peple are speaking，native speakers have n truble understanding the wrds like “gas”，“petrl”，“subway”，“apartment”，“pants” and ther wrds 2. the small differences in vcabulary.But students whse mther tngue is nt English are struggling with billins f wrds.On the ther hand，frm freigners’ pint f view，Chinese is regarded as a 3. language.Firstly，the majr language which is called Pu Tng Hua in China is hard enugh t learn，let alne 4. f dialects.Secndly，Chinese characters are abstract symbls fr them.The writing system,5. back t the Shang Dynasty when peple carved smething with 6. meanings n bnes r shells，is like strange pictures. Hwever，based n the cmmn 7. f these characters，sme classic wrks are still read nw.Besides，calligraphy is als an art frm clsely 8. t Chinese culture.Bth languages are f equal imprtance.We shuld learn them well t bridge the gap between cultures.
题组C 培优拔尖练
A
Nwadays everybdy seems t think that they knw English. Many peple speak it but few speak it really well. Practice is necessary in speaking English well.
Reading is als ne f the things that will help yu t speak English better. Read whenever yu can and whatever yu like! Read papers and Internet sites that yu like in English every day. Then, yu will see that the number f knwn wrds is increasingeq \a\vs4\al(W1) and yu are able t speak with mre skills. Then yu will have made the fundatinseq \a\vs4\al(W2) and a gd basis feq \a\vs4\al(P) English. It is nt gd t stp and get stuck there.
Ging t England r an Englishspeaking cuntry is a gd chice, but many peple cannt affrd it. If yu cannt g, reading and speaking with yur friends will als help yu t practice yur English. Hwever, I think it is very gd t visit sme Englishspeaking cuntry t see and test yur knwledge in everyday life. Yu will understand the everyday usage f the language in its natural envirnment. There yur level f English is ging t imprve even faster. Yur ability t speak English is better. Nthing can match the excitement and happiness when a native speaker tells yu that yur English is very gd!
Finally, in rder t speak English well, yu must be persistenteq \a\vs4\al(W3) and d it every day. It is like playing the pian. Pianists play it every day and s shuld yu. Include English in yur life and yu will see where it is ging. Practice, Practice! Read, write and imprve yur language skills and yu are n yur way when yu will be able t speak it with mre and mre cnfidence！
1．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t Imprve Yur Language Skills
B．Speaking English
C．Hw t Speak English Well
D．Practice, Practice!
2．What des the writer suggest abut reading?
A．Trying t imprve yur vcabulary.
B．Keeping n reading when yu have time.
C．Stpping when yu have a gd basis f English.
D．Lking up every unknwn wrd when reading.
3．The main idea f the last paragraph is that ________.
A．we shuld play the pian every day
B．speaking English is fun and entertaining
C．if we've learned t read and write, we'll certainly be able t speak
D．we shuld practice English every day t imprve ur speaking skills
4．Accrding t the passage, what may make the authr excited?
A．Reading papers and Internet sites.
B．Having a gd basis f English.
C．Ging t an Englishspeaking cuntry.
D．A native speaker's praise.
B
“Lng time n see” is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence frm an American friend's email, I laughed. I thught it was a perfect example f Chinglish.
Obviuslyeq \a\vs4\al(W1)， it is a wrdbywrd literal translatin f the Chinese greetings with a ruled English grammar and structure! Later n, my friend tld me that it is a standard American greeting. I was t surprised t believe her. Her wrds culd nt cnvinceeq \a\vs4\al(W2) me at all. S I did a research n ggle.cm. T my surprise, there are ver 60 thusand web pages cntaining “Lng time n see.” This sentence has been widely used in emails, letters, newspapers, mvies, bks, r any ther pssible places. Thugh it is srt f infrmal, it is part f the language that Americans use daily. Irnicallyeq \a\vs4\al(W3)， if yu type this phrase in Micrsft Wrd, the sftware will tell yu that the grammar needs t be crrected.
Nbdy knws the rigin f this Chinglish sentence. Sme peple believe that it came frm Charlie Chan's mvies. In the 1930s, Hllywd mvie makers successfully created a wrld wide famus Chinese detective named “Charlie Chan” n wide screens. Detective Chan likes t teach Americans sme Chinese wisdm by quting Cnfucius. “Lng time n see” was his trademark. Sn after Charlie Chan, “Lng time n see” became a ppular phrase in the real wrld with thanks t the ppularity f these mvies.
Sme schlarseq \a\vs4\al(W4) refer t America aseq \a\vs4\al(P) a huge pt f stew. All kinds f culture are mixed in the stew tgether, and they change the clr and taste f each ther. American Chinese, thugh a minrity ethnic (少数民族的成员) grup in the United States, is als cntributing sme changes t the stew! Language is usually the first thing t be influenced in the mixed stew.
Yu can have sme ther examples than adptins (采用) frm Chinese, such as pizza frm Italian, susi frm Japanese, and déjà vu frm French etc. There is a lng list! Americans d nt just simply brrw smething frm thers. They will mdifyeq \a\vs4\al(W5) it and make it their wn, s yu wuld nt be surprised t find a tfu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant, r t buy a bttle f iced Chinese green tea with hney in a grcery stre. Since Americans appreciate Chinese culture mre and mre nwadays, I believe mre Chinese wrds will becme American English in the future. In this way the American stew keeps adding richness and flavr.
5．The writer himself felt surprised at ________.
A．the Chinglish expressin “Lng time n see”
B．s many literal translatin f the expressins used in America
C．“Lng time n see” used as standard American English
D．finding ut Americans use the expressin every day
6．The wrd “stew” in the 4th paragraph prbably means “________”．
A．Cnfucius' wrds
B．mixture culture
C．a kind f cked dish
D．American changing cultures
7．Accrding t the passage, it can be inferred that ________.
A．detectives translate the phrase “Lng time n see”
B．cultures can be changed in the huge pt f stew
C．the huge pt f stew greatly affects all kinds f languages
D．Hllywd made “Lng time n see” ppular
Ⅱ 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Althugh many Chinese students say that their knwledge f English grammar is gd, mst wuld admit that their spken English is pr. Whenever I speak t a Chinese student, they always say, “My spken English is pr.” __1__ I wuld like t suggest that there may be sme reasns fr their prblems with spken English.
First, they fail t find suitable wrds t express themselves due t a limited vcabulary. __2__ Hwever, yu can speak with a limited vcabulary, if yu chse a psitive attitude. Others will fllw yu as lng as yu use the wrds that yu knw.
__3__ Smetimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervus. Yet students shuld remember that their gal shuld be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Yur aim in writing is t be accurate fllwing the rules fr grammar and using the right wrds and spelling them crrectly. Hwever, in speaking yur aim is fluency. Yu want t get yur message acrss, t talk t smene in English, as quickly and as well as yu can, even thugh smetimes yu may use a wrng wrd r tense, but it desn't matter. __4__
The third reasn is that nt enugh attentin is paid t listening. Yu have ne muth but tw ears! All that hearing is necessary fr yu t start speaking.
Furth, mst Chinese students are reactive rather than practive (主动的) language learners. Instead f actively seeking ut pprtunities t imprve their spken English they passively wait fr speaking pprtunities t cme t them and wnder why their English always remains pr. __5__
A．The persn yu are speaking t will understand yu and make allwances fr any mistakes he hears.
B．Obviusly the better answer is t expand their vcabulary.
C．They may try t avid making similar mistakes next time.
D．If yu have this practive utlk, then yu will see English pprtunities wherever yu g.
E．Secnd, they are afraid f making mistakes.
F．Hwever, their spken English des nt have t remain “pr”！
G．The secnd reasn lies in the reluctance f using what has just been learned.
Ⅲ 语法填空
The first Edinburgh Internatinal Festival ___1___ (hld) 71 years ag. Its first big success came in the fllwing year ___2___ an adaptatin f The Thrie Estaites was perfrmed. Frm then n, the Festival has ___3___ (gradual) grwn t becme ne f the mst ppular arts festivals in the wrld. As the funders f the Festival believed, the Festival prgrams have enriched the ___4___ (culture) life f Britain and even Eurpe.
The Festival fcuses n the fields f music, art, dance and theatre. ___5___ (bring) tgether the best artists frm arund the wrld, the Festival has earned ___6___ gd reputatin, which has dne much t draw the visitrs' attentin t the varius shws that take place all ver the city.
Each year during the summer ___7___ (mnth), Edinburgh becmes the wrld's Festival City. It is the huge range f artistic events, perfrmances and exhibitins that ___8___ (make) Edinburgh unfrgettable. It makes yu feel that there is always smething else happening arund the crner which yu are missing and ___9___ any given night f the Festival, yu can chse ___10___ (watch) “The Girl n the Sfa”， a play by Jan Fsse, and the pera Parsifal, amng many ther ptins.
重点词汇
阅读单词——我会认
1．bne n．
2．shell n．
3．symbl n．
4．carve vt.& vi.
5．dynasty n．
6．dialect n．
7．specific adj.
8．tngue n．
9．semester n．
10．pants n．
重点单词——我会写
1． n．十亿
2． adj.本地的 n．本地人
3． n．态度；看法
4． n．体系；制度；系统
5． prep.即使；尽管
6． n．因素；要素
7． n．方式；方法；途径
8． adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著
9． n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
10． n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
11． n．书法；书法艺术
12． n．公共事务；事件；关系
13． n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
14． n．汽油；气体；燃气
15． n．(NAmE gas)汽油
16． n．(BrE undergrund)地铁
17． n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房
18． n．间隔；开口；差距
19． n．词汇
词汇拓展
1．reference n．指称关系；参考→ vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的→ vt.以……为基础 n．底部；根据→
n．基础→ adj.基础的
3．variety n．异体；多样化→ v．变化；不同→ adj.各种各样的
4．majr adj.主要的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修→ n．大多数
5．glbal adj.全球的；全世界的→ n．地球；地球仪
6．appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；领会→ n．感激；欣赏→ adj.感激的
7．beg vt.恳求；祈求→ n．乞丐
8．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→ adv.平等地→
n．平等
9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要→ adj.要求高的
10．descriptin n．描写(文字)；形容→ vt.描述
11．relate vt.联系；讲述→ adj.相关的→ n．关系→
n．关系
重点词组
1．refer t
2．ups and dwns
3．date back (t...)
4．n matter where，wh，what，etc.
5．pint f view
6．relate t
重点句型
1． ，but ne f the main factrs has been the Chinese writing system.这之所以成为可能有很多原因，其中一个主要因素就是中国书法体系。
2．Over the years，the system develped int different frms，as peple were divided gegraphically，leading t many varieties f dialects and characters.多年来，人们按地域划分，使得书法体系发展成了不同的形式，从而导致多种方言和汉字的形成。
3．Even tday， Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak，they can all still cmmunicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
4．I used t get high marks in English，but nw I’m a lt f
my listening.
过去我英语成绩很好，但现在我在听力方面有很多困难。
5．I als repeat t help myself t experience the feeling f the language.
为了帮助自己体会语言的情感，我也重复自己听到的内容。
•refer t指的是；描述；提到；查阅
把……提交给……；让(人)参考……
refer 把……称作……
•reference n．提及，涉及；参考；参考书目
in/with reference t sb./sth.关于
reference bks/material参考书/参考资料
1
base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)base ... n/upn ...
把……建立在……基础之上
be based n/upn 以……为基础；依据……
(2)－based (构成复合词)
以……为重要部分(或特征)；以……为主
(3)basis n. 基础；基本原则
(4)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
2
variety n. (植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)a variety f＝varieties f＝all kinds f 种类繁多的；各种各样的
(2)varius adj. 不同的；各种各样的
fr varius reasns 由于种种原因
(3)vary vt.& vi. 改变；变化
vary frm ... t ... 从……到……变化不等；在……到……之间变动
3
majr adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)majr in 主修
(2)in the/a majrity 占大多数
a/the majrity f 大多数……
4
Even tday, n_matter where Chinese peple live r what dialect they speak, they can all still cmmunicate in writing.
即使在今天，无论中国人住在哪里，说什么样的方言，大家都可以用文字沟通交流。(教材P62)
剖析
本句为复合句，前句是“n matter＋特殊疑问词”引导的让步状语从句。
归纳
拓展
(1)n matter和特殊疑问词(what/wh/which/when/whse/where/hw等)一起引导让步状语从句。其中n matter hw引导让步状语从句时后面紧跟形容词或副词，然后再接从句中的其他成分，句子的语序为： n matter hw＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语部分。
(2)n matter hw/wh/where/when/what/which ... 引导让步状语从句时，可换成hwever/whever/wherever/whenever/whatever/whichever (无论多么/无论谁/无论哪里/无论何时/无论什么/无论哪个)等。
5
means n. 方式；方法；途径(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)by this means 通过这种方法
by means f 用……办法；借助……
by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以
by n means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时句子用部分倒装)
(2)a means f cmmunicatin 一种通讯/交流方式
6
regard n. 尊重；关注 vt. 把……视为；看待(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)as regards sth. 关于；至于某事
with/in regard t 关于；对于
in this/that regard 在这方面；在这一点上
(2)regard ... as ... 把……当作……
(3)regarding prep. 关于
7
character n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；性格(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)a leading character 主角
in character 符合某人的性格
ut f character 不符合某人的性格
(2)characteristic adj. 表现特点的 n. 特征，特性
be characteristic f sb. 是某人的特点
8
As China plays a greater rle in glbal affairs, an_increasing_number_f internatinal students are beginning t appreciate China's culture and histry thrugh this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。(教材P62)
剖析
a number f意为“很多；好些”，increasing在句中修饰number，表示“不断增加；持续增多”。
归纳
拓展
(1)number前可用gd, large, small, great, grwing, increasing等形容词修饰。
(2)a number f用于修饰可数名词复数。当“a number f＋可数名词复数”作主语时，中心词是可数名词复数，所以谓语动词用复数形式。
9
appreciate vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值(教材P62)
归纳
拓展
(1)appreciate sth. 欣赏某物；感谢某事
appreciate (sb./sb.'s) ding sth. 感谢(某人)做某事
I wuld appreciate it if ... 如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciatin n. 欣赏；感激
1
struggle n．& vi. 斗争；奋斗；搏斗(教材P64)
归纳
拓展
(1)struggle t d sth. 艰难地做某事；挣扎着做某事
struggle fr 为……而斗争
struggle with/against 同……搏斗/作斗争
(2)struggle t ne's feet 挣扎着站起来
2
The_mre I learnt f a language, the_mre my brain wuld grw.
我对一门语言的了解越多，我的大脑就越发达。(教材P64)
剖析
“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”是固定句型，意为“越……，越……”。
归纳
拓展
(1)第一个“the＋比较级 ...”相当于条件状语从句，第二个“the＋比较级 ...”相当于主句。
(2)如果第二个“the＋比较级 ...”用一般将来时，则第一个“the＋比较级 ...”通常用一般现在时表将来。
(3)这个句型表示从句和主句的变化是同时进行的，即：主句的情况随着从句表示的程度而变化。当句意明确时，此句型结构常以省略形式出现。
1
equal n. 同等的人；相等物 adj. 相同的；同样的(教材P66)
归纳
拓展
(1)be equal t (ding) sth. 能胜任(做)某事
withut equal 无与伦比；无敌
(2)A equals B in ...
A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌
(3)equality n. 平等
equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地
2
demand n. 要求；需求 vt. 强烈要求；需要 vi. 查问(教材P66)
归纳
拓展
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy ne's demands 满足某人的需求
(2)demand t d sth. 要求做某事
demand that ... (shuld) d sth. 要求……做某事
(3)sth. demand(s) t be dne＝sth. demand(s) ding 某事需要被做
3
relate vt. 联系；讲述(教材P67)
归纳
拓展
(1)relate t 与……相关；涉及；谈到
relate ... t 把……和……联系在一起
relate sth. t sb. 向某人叙述/讲述某事
(2)related adj. 相关的；有(亲属)关系的
be related t 和……有关的；和……有联系的
(3)relatin n. 关系
have n relatin t sth. 同某事无关
in/with relatin t 关于；与……相比
用法
依据
根据从句的谓语动词
是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据先行词在从句中所作的成分
把先行词代入定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词
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