高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world随堂练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world随堂练习题，共6页。

一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1.Over the next 40 years，the wrld will be adding sme 3 b_____________(十亿) peple.
2.As fr students like us，we shuld have a gd a___________(态度) twards failure.
3.They have a supprt s_____________(系统) f these all arund frm ne base t anther.
4. Mre than 90,000 freign-invested cmpanies have been set up in Shenzhen, ne f the s____________ f China's refrm and pening up.
5.The main f__________(因素) in deciding whether r nt t d s is the size f yur prject.
6.Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him tw c__________(经典的) bks n painting t take hme.
8.They have s_______(明确的) requirements f hw t d that.
9.Abve the main gate was a sign written in large c___________(文字).
10. D_________ the heavy hit f the COVID-19 pandemic n the glbal ecnmy, Shenzhen has shwn strng ecnmic vitality（经济活力） and attracted freign mney with its excellent business envirnment.
II.单句语法填空
1.She shws little a____________(appreciate) f gd music.
2. He，as a famus c_______________(calligraphy) in ur cuntry，has an influence n the later generatins.
3. Rural children are mre energetic and they enjy r________（run）and jumping.
4. The discvery prvides an imprtant material r__________（refer） fr studying the develpment f lcal culture and educatin in suthern Hebei
5.B_________(base) an imprtant decisin mre n emtin than n reasn，yu will regret it sner r later.
6. I believe that China's success is a glbal success－a great c_____________（civilize）that has escaped frm pverty (and) develped advanced technlgies is a great benefit fr the wrld.
7.Xu Zhen's wrk s__________ the fast pace and dynamic （活跃的）nature f Shanghai and urban（都市的） life.
8.The quality f life has imprved and watching films is regarded as a gd m_________(mean)f entertainment.
9.Missing the train means w________(wait) fr anther hur.
10.The yung man m___________（majr） in Chinese while he was at cllege.
III.短语填空
,
an increasing number f , refer t，date back t, nt nly…but als…,be knwn fr，be based n, up and dwns, n matter，played an imprtant rle, be based n，in a majrity
1.The actress _________ many excellent TV plays she starred in.
2.His first bk t be published next mnth ___________ a true stry.
3. _____________ hw many prducts we make, the center will sell them all.
4.In the nursing prfessin，wmen are ____________.
5.Nw when peple___________ England yu find Wales included as well.
6. A stne tablet, ______________ the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), has been discvered in nrth China's Hebei Prvince, lcal authrities said n Friday.
7.With the develpment f glbal service trade in recent years, CIFTIS（服贸会） has ___________________ in the mdern wrld.
8. Lamian nw is ________ the ndle that helped us get rid f pverty __________ the ndle that is helping us achieve prsperity（繁荣）.
9. ___________________ yung peple have jined the fans f Kunqu fr their taste in the traditinal art.
10.The pian has accmpanied me thrughut my ___________________ in its wn way. It brings s much pleasure int my life.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. 无论走到哪里，他总是带着本书。
__________________________，he tk a bk with him.
2. 过去河上曾有座桥。
_____________________ a bridge acrss the river.
3. 他迅速切断了电源，阻止了一起意外事故。
He cut ff the electricity quickly，preventing an accident.
4._________________when I hated ging t schl.
有一段时间我讨厌去上学。
15. 水果对我们的健康非常有益。(be f＋抽象名词)
Fruits are _________________.
= 5 \* ROMAN V.根据课文填空
The main reasn 1. ________ China's ancient civilizatin has cntinued all the way thrugh int mdern times has been the Chinese writing system. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture­based language, which 2. ________ (date)back several thusand years t lnggu.
Symbls 3. ____________ (carve)n animals bnes and shells by ancient Chinese peple. Over the years, there was 4. ____ time when the Chinese peple were divided gegraphically, 5. ________ (lead) t many varieties f dialects and characters. Emperr Qinshihuang united the seven majr states int ne unified cuntry, making the Chinese writing system begin t develp 6. ____ ne directin. It was f great 7. ________ (imprtant)in uniting the Chinese peple and culture. Peple in mdern times can read the classic 8. ________ (wrk) written by Chinese in ancient 9. ________. Nwadays, Chinese calligraphy has becme an imprtant part f Chinese culture. As China plays a greater rle in 10. ________ (glbe) affairs, a large number f internatinal students are beginning t appreciate China's culture and histry thrugh this amazing language.
二、拓展提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Language as a System f Symbls(符号)
Of all systems f symbls，language is the mst highly develped. It has been pinted ut that human beings，by agreement，can make anything stand fr anything. Human beings have agreed，in the curse f centuries f mutual(相互的) dependency，t let the varius nises that they can prduce with their lungs，thrats，tngues，teeth，and lips systematically stand fr certain happenings in their nervus systems. We call that system f agreements language.
There is n necessary cnnectin between the symbl and that which it stands fr. Just as scial psitins can be symblized by feathers wrn n the head，by gld n the watch chain，r by a thusand ther things accrding t the culture we live in，s the fact f being hungry can be symblized by a thusand different nises accrding t the culture we live in.
Hwever bvius these facts may appear at first glance，they are actually nt s bvius as they seem except when we take special pains t think abut the subject. Symbls and the things they stand fr are independent f each ther，yet we all have a way f feeling as if，and smetimes acting as if，there were necessary cnnectins. Fr example，there are peple wh feel that freign languages are unreasnable by nature；freigners have such funny names fr things，and why can’t they call things by their right names？This feeling exhibits itself mst strngly in thse English and American turists wh seem t believe that they can make the natives f any cuntry understand English if they shut lud enugh. Like the little by wh is reprted t have said，“Pigs are called pigs because they are such dirty animals，” they feel that the symbl is inherently(内在地) cnnected in sme way with the things symblized.
1.Language is a highly develped system f symbls because human beings .
A. have made use f language fr centuries
B. use ur nervus systems t supprt language
C. have made varius nises stand fr any events
D. can make anything stand fr anything by agreement
2.What can we cnclude frm Paragraph 2?
A. Different nises may mean different things.
B. Our culture determines what a symbl stands fr.
C. The language we use symblizes ur scial psitins.
D. Our scial psitins determine the way we are dressed.
3.In Paragraph 3 the underlined phrase “take special pains” prbably means “ ”.
A. try very hard
B. take ur time
C. are very unhappy
D. feel especially painful
4.In Paragraph 3，the example f the little by is used t shw that .
A. adults ften learn frm their yung
B. “pig” is a dirty wrd because pigs are dirty
C. wrds are nt cnnected with the things they stand fr
D. peple smetimes have wrng ideas abut hw language wrks
B
Hw wrds came int being is unknwn. All we assume is that sme early men invented certain sunds，in ne way r anther，t express thughts and feelings，actins and things，s that they culd talk with each ther. Later they agreed upn certain signs，called letters，which culd be put tgether t shw thse sunds，and which culd be written dwn. Thse sunds，whether spken r written in letters，are called wrds.
The pwer f wrds，then，lies in their assciatins—the things they bring up t ur minds. Wrds becme filled with meaning fr us by experience；and the lnger we live，the mre certain wrds bring back t us the happy and sad events f ur past；and the mre we read and learn，the mre the number f wrds that mean smething t us increases.
Great writers are thse wh nt nly have great thughts but als express these thughts in wrds which have pwerful effects n ur minds and feelings. This clever use f wrds is what we call literary style(文体).Abve all，the real pet is a master f wrds. He can express his meaning in wrds which sing like music，and which by their psitin and assciatin can mve men t tears. We shuld therefre learn t chse ur wrds carefully and use them crrectly，r they will make ur speech silly and cmmn.
1.We learn frm the text that language might have begun with .
A. expressins B. actins C. signs D. sunds
2.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2?
A. The learning f new wrds.
B. The imprtance f ld wrds.
C. The relatin f human experience with wrds.
D. The gradual change and develpment f wrds.
3.In the last paragraph，what des the authr suggest that we shuld d?
A. Use wrds skillfully.
B. Make musical speeches.
C. Learn pems by heart.
D. Assciate with listeners.
= 3 \* ROMAN = 2 \* ROMAN II.完形填空
Thrughut histry，peple have been interested in knwing hw language first began，but n ne knws exactly where r hw this happened. 1 ，we d knw a lt abut 2 ，the languages f tday and als the languages f 3 times. There are 4 abut three thusand languages in the wrld tday. Chinese is the language 5 the mst speakers. English，Russian and Spanish are als spken by many millins f peple. 6 ，sme languages in the wrld have less than ne hundred speakers.
There are several imprtant 7 f languages in the wrld. Fr example，mst f the languages f 8 are in ne large family 9 the Ind­Eurpean language family. The riginal language f this family was spken abut 4,500 years 10 .Many f the present languages f Eurpe and India are mdern 11 f the language f 4,500 years ag.
Languages are 12 changing. The English f tday is very different 13 the English f 500 years ag.Over time sme even 14 cmpletely. Abut 1,000 years ag 15 was a little knwn relative f German 16 n ne f the brders(边界) f Eurpe.
If a language has 17 speakers r if it is very ld，there may be 18 in the way it is spken in different areas. That is，the language may have several 19 .Chinese is a gd example f dialect differences. Chinese has been spken fr thusands f years by many millins f speakers. The differences amng the dialects f Chinese are s great that speakers f Chinese frm sme parts f China 20 understand speakers frm ther parts.
1.A. But B. Rather C. Hwever D. Besides
2.A. English B. histry C. Chinese D. languages
3.A. earlier B. latter C. mdern D. hard
4.A. frequently B. prbably C. fluently D. gradually
B. with C.in D. f
6.A. In a wrd B. At present
C. On the ne hand D. On the ther hand
7.A. blcks B. accents C. families D. changes
8.A. Eurpe B. Asia C. Africa D. America
9.A. called B. spken C. calling D. speaking
10.A. befre B. ag C. later D. ld
11.A. times B. families C. frms D. members
12.A. always B. seldm C. ften D. smetimes
13.A. abut B. with C.in D. frm
ut B. die away C. die dwn D. die ff
15.A. Spanish B. English C. Chinese D. Russian
16.A. called B. referred C. spken D. named
17.A.a great deal f B. a few C. a little D. a number f
18.A. speakers B. differences C. identity D. changes
19.A. dialects B. spellings C. usages D. expressins
20.A. mustn’t B. may nt C. wn’t D. can’t
= 3 \* ROMAN III.短文填空
Many English language learners believe that the 56. (great) difficulty with listening cmprehensin(理解) is that the listener cannt cntrl hw quickly a speaker speaks. They feel that what the speaker says disappears 57. they can fllw. This frequently means that students 58. are learning t listen cannt keep up. They are s busy 59. (wrk) ut the meaning f ne part f what they hear that they miss the next part. Or they 60. (simple) ignre a whle sectin because they fail t catch it quickly enugh. Anther difficulty is that the listener is nt always in a psitin t get the speaker t repeat what has been said. And，f curse，repeats cannt 61. (ask) fr when listening t the radi r watching TV.
Besides,62. (chse) f vcabulary is in the hands f the speaker，nt the listener. Very ften，fr peple listening t a freign language，an unknwn wrd can be like a suddenly 63. (drp) stne making them stp and think abut the meaning f the wrd，64. (cause) them t miss the next part f the speech. In listening，it really is a case f “He wh 65. (stp) t wrk ut the meaning is lst”.
= 4 \* ROMAN IV. 写作
假设你是李华， 你的外教Declan让你推荐一份英文报刊，供同学们阅读。 你建议订阅 “学英语”报，请你给Declan发一封电子邮件说明理由。
内容包括：
1. 与教材同步，适合中学生;2.内容丰富，开拓视野;3. 提高英语水平，深受欢迎。
注意：
1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
诗欣赏
送友人
李白
青山横北郭，
白水绕东城。
此地一为别，
孤蓬万里征。
浮云游子意，
落日故人情。
挥手自兹去，
萧萧班马鸣。
FAREWELL TO A FRIEND
Translated by Xu Yuanchng
Green muntains bar the nrthern sky;
White grids the eastern twn.
Here is the place t say gdbye;
Yu’ll drift like lnely thistledwn.
With flating clud yu’ll flat away;
Like parting day I’ll part frm yu.
Yu wave yur hand and g yur way;
Our steeds still neigh, “adieu,adieu!”
答案
一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1.billin 2.attitude 3.system 4.symbl 5.factr
6.classic 7.specific 8.means 9.characters 10.Despite
II.单句语法填空
1.appreciatin 2.calligraphist 3. running
4.reference 5.Basing 6.civilizatin
7.symblizes 8.means 9.waiting
10. majred
III.短语填空
1.is knwn fr 2.is based n 3.N matter4. in a majrity
5. refer t 6.dating back t 7.played an imprtant rle
8.nt nly…but als… 9.An increasing number f
10.ups and dwns
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Wherever/N matter where he went
2.There used t
3.preventing an accident.
4.There was a time when
5.f great benefit t ur health.
= 5 \* ROMAN V.根据课文填空
1.Why 2. dates 3.were cvered 4.a 5.leading 6.in 7.imprtance 8.wrks 9.times 10.glbal
二、拓展提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：
语言作为高度发展了的符号体系，它与文化有着密切的联系。
1.答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知选D项。
2.答案 B
解析 段落大意题。由第二段两次提到的“accrding t the culture we live in”可知，本段在谈论我们的文化决定了某种符号代表着什么，因此B项为正确答案。
3.答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据其所在句中的“ are actually nt s bvius as they seem except...”可猜测出“take special pains”的意思是“努力尝试”。故A项正确。
4.答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者列举小男孩的例子是为了说明人们有时对语言是如何发挥作用的产生误解。因此选项D正确。B语篇解读:
本文主要说明了语言的来历以及如何用词。
1.答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“All we assume is that sme early men invented certain sunds，in ne way r anther...”可知，sunds很可能是最初的语言雏形。
2.答案 C
解析 段落大意题。阅读第二段中的“The pwer f wrds，then，lies in their assciatins—the things they bring up t ur minds.Wrds becme filled with meaning fr us by experience”可知，该段主要讲了人类经历与语言的关系。
3.答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“We shuld therefre learn t chse ur wrds carefully and use them crrectly，r they will make ur speech silly and cmmn.”可知，作者建议我们应巧妙地用词。
= 3 \* ROMAN = 2 \* ROMAN II.完形填空
语篇解读：
本文主要介绍了语言的起源及变化。
1.答案 C
解析 语言的起源一直是人们感兴趣的事情，但是没人确切地知道语言的起源究竟是怎样的。然而，我们还是对语言有许多了解。but后不能出现逗号，因此此处用hwever表转折。
2.答案 D
解析 由上下文可知，此处讲的是对语言的认识，而不单纯是对汉语或英语的认识。空后的“the languages f...”是提示。
3.答案 A
解析 人们对现在的语言以及更早的语言有所了解。由上下文可知此处与tday对应。
4.答案 B
解析 现在世界上可能有大约三千种语言。prbably可能，符合语境。frequently频繁地；fluently流利地；gradually逐渐地。
5.答案 B
解析 由with引导的介词短语作定语，修饰language，表示“汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言”。
6.答案 D
解析 上文提到汉语是使用人数最多的一种语言，接着又说英语、俄语和西班牙语也有数百万人使用，后文话锋一转讲到，还有不到一百人使用的语言。n the ther hand另一方面，符合语境。in a wrd总之；at present现在；n the ne hand一方面。
7.答案 C
解析 由后面的内容可知，语言有几大语系(family)。“Fr example，mst f the languages f are in ne large family the Ind­Eurpean language family.”也是提示。blck块；accent口音；change变化。
8.答案 A
解析 由后面的“Ind­Eurpean language family”可知，欧洲的大多数语言都属于一个大的语系——印欧语系。
9.答案 A
解析 过去分词called作定语，表示“被称作”。
10.答案 B
解析 由前面的was spken可知，此处应该用与一般过去时连用的ag。befre用于完成时的句子中。
11.答案 C
解析 现在印度与欧洲的许多语言实际上就是4 500年以前的语言的现代形式(frm)。
12.答案 A
解析 由下文可知，语言一直都在发展变化。always与现在进行时态连用表示“总是”。
13.答案 D
解析 be different frm与……不同，为固定短语。
14.答案 A
解析 随着时间的推移有些语言甚至完全消失了。die ut灭绝，消失，符合语境。die away逐渐模糊，逐渐减弱；die dwn逐渐变弱，暗淡；die ff相继死去。
15.答案 B
解析 一千年前的英语还与欧洲边界地区人们讲的德语有关。
16.答案 C
解析 表示“讲(某种语言)”用speak，此处用过去分词作定语表示被动。
17.答案 D
解析 如果讲某种语言的人多或某种语言很古老，那么不
同地区人们说话的方式就有差别。A、C两项只修饰不可数名词；a few表示“几个”，意义不符。
18.答案 B
解析 由上文可知，此处指人们说话方式的不同(difference)。
19.答案 A
解析 根据后一句中的dialect differences可知，一种语言可能有几种方言。dialect方言，符合语境。
20.答案 D
解析 汉语方言的差别如此之大，以至于来自不同地区的人都无法相互沟通。此处表示“不会，不能”，故用can’t。
= 3 \* ROMAN III.短文填空
语篇解读：
本文主要分析了很多同学发现英语学习中听力最困难的具体原因。
56.答案 greatest
解析 考查形容词的比较等级。听力最大的困难是无法控制说话者的语速。故答案为greatest。
57.答案 befre
解析 考查连词。他们感觉还没有来得及理解，说话者说的内容就消失了。连词befre在这里表示“还没有来得及……就……”。
58.答案 wh/that
解析 考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，关系代词wh/that指代先行词students并在从句中作主语，不能省略。
59.答案 wrking
解析 考查固定搭配。be busy (in) ding sth. 忙于做某事。
60.答案 simply
解析 考查副词。修饰谓语动词ignre，作状语要用副词simply。
61.答案 be asked
解析 考查动词的语态。本句主语repeats与动词ask之间为被动关系，所以要使用被动语态。
62.答案 chice
解析 考查词形变换。在句中作主语要使用名词chice。
63.答案 drpped
解析 考查非谓语动词。不认识的单词就像突然落下的石头。此处是过去分词作前置定语。
64.答案 causing
解析 考查非谓语动词。突然出现的不认识的单词就像突然落下的石头，让人们停下来去思考单词的意思。这属于正常的、意料之中的结果，故要用现在分词作状语。
65.答案 stps
解析 考查定语从句中的主谓一致。关系代词wh指代先行词He在定语从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词stp要与主语he保持一致，所以使用stps。
= 4 \* ROMAN IV. 写作
Dear Declan,
There are several English papers aiming at helping us imprve ur English , the best f which is Learning English.
Learning English is written accrding t textbks , s it is especially fit fr us students. Besides, the paper is rich in cntents, whse articles include stries, schl life, news , freign cultures, technlgy, envirnmental prtectin and s n. It als prvides plenty f necessary exercises fr us t strengthen ur skills. With the help f the paper , we can greatly braden ur hrizns and knwledge.
I have been using the paper since I studied English. It is very ppular with us because it can help imprve ur English.
I am lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
Native attitude system billin despite factr bne symbl carve dynasty affair specific calligraphy classic
Characters
Reference appreciatin means glbal Russia sund beautiful civilizatin carving enjy ding symblize basic civilized appreciate appreciatin
date back t be based n refer t a variety f majr in n matter d business neither nr cmmunicate in see as play a rle in an increasing number f cnnect with accrding t nt nly but als be knwn as /t/fr