人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters优秀同步测试题

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4.3 Reading fr Writing
一、基础巩固
= 1 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT I.根据句意及括号内的汉语提示填空，使句子完整、通顺。(每空限填一词，缩写算一词)
Wherever yu live, it's necessary fr yu t learn t prepare fr sme ____________ (紧急状况).
If yu are lst in the muntains, stay ____________ (镇静的) in the face f darkness, lneliness and the unknwn wrld.
I knw frm my science teacher that the bdy ____________ (长度) f the wrld's smallest snake is under 4 inches.
It was Tm wh helped me ____________ (递送) the bks t my uncle yesterday afternn.
His mther std there, ____________ (挥手) gdbye t her sn n the train wh was ging t the frnt.
After the lecture, every ne f us was asked t write a(n) ____________ (概要) f it by ur class teacher.
A small plane ____________(碰撞) int a muntain five miles east f the city, killing all the peple n bard.
A pwerful typhn ____________(袭击) ur twn several years ag and a large number f peple became hmeless.
Unfrtunately, the little by had stpped ____________ (呼吸) befre he was rescued frm the river.
I was ____________ (震惊的) t learn that mre than 80 plastic bags were fund in the stmach f a dead whale.
= 2 \* ROMAN \* MERGEFORMAT II.语篇语法填空（共10小题）
Sandstrms are strng, dry winds that carry sand. They are ften 1． thick that yu cannt see the sun and the wind smetimes has such 2． (strng) t mve sand dunes. A typical example f sandstrms is the Dust Bwl f the 1930s in the United States. It was the 3． (bad) sandstrm disaster in the histry f the United States. Fr nearly ten years dust blew n the suthern plains f America, 4． caused serius results. Peple culdn’t breathe when they went utside and 5． (child) wre dust masks t schl. The sky 6． (be) ften dark fr days. Over five millin acres f land became desert during the Dust Bwl, 7． (frce) 200,000 peple t leave their hmes.
The disaster 8． (cause) by bad farming methds and several years 9． very little rainfall made things wrse. The land dried up and the wind blew the sil away. 10． tk ver thirty years t reverse the prcess and replant the land.
二、拓展提升
= 1 \* ROMAN I.阅读理解
My first day f high schl taught me nt always t expect the bad things ut f life. I nce expected my day t be full f lneliness and anxiety. Luckily, n the mrning f my first day at high schl, I met a new friend, Nick.
My first class was Mr Maluf's ancient civilizatin. The bell rang and we went t his class. We culd tell frm his intrductin that he was aware f hw everyne in the class felt — alne and anxius. We were cmfrted after Mr Maluf said, "Okay, I knw that this is yur first day f high schl and yu are all thinking, ‘Oh, I'm s nervus because this is my first class! I want this t be a gd first class f high schl. S just relax.'" Afterwards, we intrduced urselves t each ther, including infrmatin like ur previus schls, ur names, and s n. Next, Mr Maluf tld the class abut his backgrund after we asked where he was frm. After Mr Maluf's class, Nick and I went t ur fllwing classes.
At nn, Nick and I met up with his ld friends frm his previus schl. We met up at the Mustang Crral, which was packed with teenagers. The Mustang Crral was where we had lunch, and this was the best lunch that I had had at any schl. Mst cafeteria fd I had had was very plain. The fd here was amazing. We all ate utside at a table and enjyed ur 35 — 40 minutes' lunch, after which we headed twards ur classrms.
My next class was Mr Kelly's bilgy class. When we sat dwn he shuted as if we were deaf. He intrduced himself and greeted us ne by ne. Whenever he called ur names randmly (随意地), we thught we were in truble, but he was really just practicing ur names. In the last ten minutes f his class, we played games n ur cmputers and talked t each ther. Mr Kelly seemed a little strange, but I liked his class.
After schl I was taken hme by my mm. When I gt hme I thanked Gd fr such a wnderful day at high schl. It was really much better than I had expected. And I culdn't wait t g t schl and meet my friends again.
What did Mr Maluf d at the beginning f his class?
He gave an intrductin t the subject.
He greeted the students ne by ne.
He gave a lng self-intrductin.
He tried t help the students relax.
After reading the passage, we learn that the authr .
was pleased with the fd at schl
didn't knw hw t get alng with thers
was a tp student at schl
was nt interested in the classes
Why did Mr Kelly call the students' names?
Because he wanted t remember their names.
Because they all made truble in class.
Because he wanted them t remember him.
Because he wanted them t answer questins.
What did the authr's first day f high schl teach him?
Teachers at high schl are all very different.
He shuld lk at the bright side f life.
Life at high schl is nt always interesting.
He shuld treasure the time at high schl.
B
News 1
At 8:13 Sunday mrning, a 4.4-magnitude earthquake hit central Labradr, abut 150 kilmetres suthwest f Happy Valley.
There were n reprts f damage and nne wuld be expected, accrding t Steven Halchuk, an earthquake expert with Natural Resurces Canada. "An earthquake f this size is nt large enugh t cause any damage. But if yu were clse t it, yu wuld feel a clear shake," Halchuk tld CBC News.
"Earthquakes in the area are few," said Halchuk. "There is a small number f earthquake activities that extend (延伸) frm the Gulf f St. Lawrence up thrugh Quebec, Labradr and Happy Valley, but the earthquakes there are usually small. The last earthquake I can find f this size in the area happened abut 50 years ag," said Halchuk.
News 2
A 7.0-magnitude earthquake struck under the sea suth f Japan n Sunday. It shk buildings in the capital but caused n serius damage r tsunami (海啸). The earthquake struck near the island f Tri-shima in the Pacific Ocean, abut 600 kilmeters suth f Tky. Its epicenter (震中) was abut 370 kilmeters belw the sea. Luckily, it did nt generate a tsunami.
N peple lived n the island, s the earthquake led t n deaths there. Buildings in the Tky area shk, but n damage r injuries were reprted. Express trains in nrthern and central Japan were stpped fr a while fr safety checks but later ran again. Accrding t the reprt by public bradcaster NHK, the nuclear pwer plant (工厂) in nrtheastern Japan was nt affected by the earthquake.
A big earthquake and tsunami that happened n March 11, 2011 in Japan left nearly 20,000 peple dead r missing. Japan, which lies alng the Pacific "Ring f Fire", ften suffers earthquakes.
What's the best title fr News 1?
An earthquake in Labradr caused a clear shake
Central Labradr was seriusly hit by an earthquake
A small earthquake hit central Labradr
Happy Valley was destryed
What can we infer frm what Halchuk said in News 1?
Happy Valley was badly damaged abut 50 years ag.
The Gulf f St. Lawrence ften suffers earthquakes.
Quebec has never experienced earthquakes befre.
Labradr is hardly hit by big earthquakes.
What des the underlined wrd "generate" in News 2 mean?
Suffer. B. Mean. C. Stp. D. Cause.
What can we learn abut the 7.0-magnitude earthquake frm the passage?
It caused n injuries r deaths.
Peple in the Tky area culdn't feel it.
It happened right under an island.
It left nearly 20,000 peple dead r missing.
C
Whether peple can d right things during the earthquake may mean the difference between life and death. Rescue teams and experts all agree that "Drp, Cver, and Hld On"is the right actin t reduce injury and death during earthquakes.
·DROP dwn n yur hands and knees (befre the earthquakes knck yu dwn). This psitin prtects yu frm falling and allws yu t still mve if necessary. Trying t mve during shaking puts yu at risk. Earthquakes ccur withut any warning and may be s vilent that yu cannt run r crawl; therefre yu will mst likely be kncked t the grund where yu happen t be. S it is best t drp befre the earthquake drps yu, and find a nearby shelter r use yur arms and hands t prtect yur head and neck.
·COVER yur head and neck (and yur entire bdy if pssible) under a strng table r desk. If there is n shelter nearby, nly then shuld yu get dwn near an interir wall (内墙), and cver yur head and neck with yur arms and hands. The greatest danger is frm falling and flying bjects: Studies f injuries and deaths caused by earthquakes ver the last several decades shw that yu are much mre likely t be injured by falling r flying bjects than t die in a cllapsing building. "Drp, Cver, and Hld On"(as described abve) will prtect yu frm mst f these injuries.
·HOLD ON t yur shelter (r t yur head and neck) until the shaking stps. Be prepared t mve with yur shelter if the shaking mves it arund. If yu are in bed, the best thing t d is t stay there and cver yur head with a pillw. Studies f injuries in earthquakes shw that peple wh mved frm their beds wuld nt have been injured if they had remained in bed.
Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
One wh is sleeping in bed shuld get ut f bed when an earthquake happens.
We shuld mve ut f a building as quickly as pssible when an earthquake happens.
"Drp, Cver, and Hld On" can prtect peple frm any injury in the earthquake.
Only when we can't find shelter nearby, shuld we get dwn next t an interir wall.
What can we infer frm the passage?
The bed is the best place t stay if ne is caught in an earthquake.
B. One shuldn't take shelter near a bkcase (书柜) fr it may fall easily in earthquakes.
C. There's hardly any methds t prtect us in an earthquake.
D. One's head and neck are the nly parts f ne's bdy needing prtectin during earthquakes.
What des the underlined part in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
Cllapsing buildings are less dangerus than falling r flying bjects.
Falling r flying bjects can nly get ne injured rather than get ne killed.
Mst peple are injured instead f being killed during earthquakes.
Peple are mre likely t be injured by falling r flying bjects than being killed by a falling building.
What is the main purpse f the authr's writing this passage?
T warn peple f the danger f earthquakes.
T intrduce sme knwledge abut earthquakes.
T infrm peple f the biggest dangers in earthquakes.
T tell peple the right actin t take during earthquakes.
Ⅱ.七选五
主题∶人与自然（环境保护）
话题∶塑料污染体裁∶说明文
【2021-2022江西景德镇高一期中】The wrld has a plastic prblem——and it is increasing. __1____ But in the meantime, here are five things yu can d t reduce plastic waste nw.
1.Quit using plastic bags.Instead,take yur wn reusable shpping bag t the stre. Peple use a trillin plastic bags wrldwide every year. Abut 10 percent are used in the United States alne. That's almst ne bag per American per day. ___2____ In 1993,Denmark was the first cuntry t place a tax（税）n plastic bags.Tday，ther cuntries either make custmers pay fr plastic bags r have banned them cmpletely.
2.Skip the straw.Tday,arund 8.3 billin plastic straws pllute the wrld's beaches. ____3___ In 2018, Seattle became the first majr U.S. city t ban plastic straws,and many ther cities are set t fllw its example.
3.Dn't use plastic bttles.Buy a reusable bttle and fill it with any type f beverage yu like. ___4__ Glbally, hwever, peple still buy nearly a millin plastic bttles every minute.
4. Avid plastic packaging. Buy bar sap instead f liquid sap in plastic cntainers. Dn't buy fruit r vegetables in plastic packaging. In the United Kingdm, leaders are calling fr supermarkets t have plastic-free areas.They als want t tax plastic take-ut cntainers.
5.Recycle. We can't recycle all plastic items, but it is pssible t recycle mst bttles and milk r juice cartns. Tday,Nrway recycles 97 percent f its plastic bttles. ___5____
A.Likewise,the average Dane uses fur plastic bags per day.
B.In cntrast,the average Dane used fur single-use bags per year.
C. S when yu rder a drink, say n t the straw, r bring yur wn reusable ne.
D.Hwever, there are still lads f peple ignring the seriusness f it.
E. Scientists are wrking t find a lng-term slutin by making plastic mre bidegradable（可生物降解的）.
F.Sme cities,like Bundann in Australia and San Francisc in the cmpletely r partially banned bttled water.
G.Hw? Machines at mst supermarkets take the bttles and give a refund （退款）f up t 2.5 krner（32 cents）per bttle.
III.完形填空
I have always been hard­wrking in schl.And I enjyed gaining new understanding abut study.One way was making __21__.
__22__ has always been my favrite subject.During each math class，while __23__，I waited fr my glden pprtunities t shw myself，which were __24__.When they came，I wuld __25__ my hand.Answering them __26__ made me feel I was recgnized by my classmates and teacher.The nly prblem was that I wanted t be __27__ －t be right every time.
As it turned ut，living up t this standard was __28__.In ne class，I std up cnfidently but gave a __29__ answer.Even thugh I knew this was certainly nt my first mistake in life，smething __30__ had cme at that mment.I thught that my classmates might think I was __31__.The beautiful castle that I had built up __32__ after my mistake.
In the fllwing classes，I was in lw spirits and became __33__.Even if I may have knwn the answer，I was __34__ t take the risk f damaging my self­cnfidence any mre.Nticing my __35__，my math teacher talked with me and learned my prblem.She tld me that mistakes are an imprtant part f learning __36__ they can pint ut ur weaknesses and help us __37__.I shuld set up the principle f __38__ mistakes.
Frm that experience，I realized that even thugh I thught I was right abut mst things，I was wrng in my __39__.Schl is nt a place t __40__ but a place t learn.What I nw knw is that by hlding fast t humility (谦虚) and learning t grw frm my mistakes，I can truly learn in a way I culd never in the past.
21．A.mistakesB．rules
C．friendsD．prmises
22．A.EnglishB．Math
C．ChineseD．Physics
23．A.teachingB．writing
C．reviewingD．listening
24．A.reprtsB．questins
C．tasksD．challenges
25．A.tuchB．shake
C．raiseD．wave
26．A.brieflyB．finally
C．carefullyD．crrectly
27．A.perfectB．creative
C．smartD．ppular
28．A.naturalB．impssible
C．unnecessaryD．infrmal
29．A.wrngB．shrt
C．quickD．right
30．A.imprtantB．terrible
C．differentD．interesting
31．A.stupidB．funny
C．cleverD．strange
32．A.brke inB．turned up
C．set ffD．fell dwn
33．A.sadB．silent
C．sensitiveD．ptimistic
34．A.easyB．happy
C．unwillingD．determined
35．A.awkwardnessB．embarrassment
C．lnelinessD．abnrmality
36．A.ifB．s
C．asD．befre
37．A.recverB．think
C．prgressD．cmpete
38．A.acceptingB．making
C．realizingD．repeating
39．A.schedule B．cncern
C．hbbyD．attitude
40．A.get alngB．shw ff
C．playD．chse
IV.作文
Mst f the survivrs have t stay in the pen area vernight after a 7.1-magnitude quake tppled (使倒塌)huses, cut ff pwer and first-aid materials supply in nrthwest China’s Qinghai Prvince Wednesday while rescuers face difficulties in searching fr the buried.
Rescuers have set up mre than 40 tents fr survivrs in the Gyegu Twn, near the epicenter (震中) in the Tibetan Autnmus Prefecture f Yushu in suthern Qinghai. But the effrt seems far less than enugh fr the area inhabited by sme 100,000 peple.
Many peple sught temprary shelters in buildings that remained unaffected by the tremr (轻微地震).
In the yard f Yushu’s Sprts Cmmittee, nearly 1,000 peple were sitting r lying n the grund in sheer (完全的, 十足的) darkness. Sme wrapped themselves up with quilts taken ut frm the debris (碎片, 残骸).
Sme brught their wn tents and thers turned n the lights f mtrcycles.
“I’m hungry and thirsty. We’ve been waiting fr help since the mrning,” said Zhaxi Tinzhub.
The wman said her three children were still buried in the rubble (碎石, 瓦砾).
The Natinal Meterlgical Statin frecast Wednesday that temperatures may hit minus 3 degrees Celcius at night and 15 degrees Celcius in the daytime in the cming days.
The twn wuld see strng winds and sunny weather in the cming days, prviding favrable cnditins fr rescue peratins.
The twn is lcated in a remte area in Qinghai and the quake and ensuing (随后的) landslides have damaged rads, causing great difficulties fr rescuers and, especially, machines frm utside t enter the regin.
“Rescuers had t dig with bare hands r irn sticks Wednesday, lking frward t the arrival f digging machines,” said a rescuer surnamed Wang, wh was wrking at a cllapsed hstel.
“The searching peratin became even harder at night withut lighting facilities,” he said.
In additin, rescuers may easily get exhausted wrking at a place with an altitude (海拔) f abve 4,000 meters.
Thusands f rescuers and medical staff are rushing t Yushu frm many regins f China, bringing machines, disaster-relief materials and medicines t the quake-hit twn. Gvernments, rganizatins, enterprises and individuals are ffering dnatins f mney and materials t the regin.
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