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Unit4知识点 人教版英语八年级上册
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这是一份Unit4知识点 人教版英语八年级上册，共5页。
Unit4 SectionA知识点rule n.规章；规则g. You must follow the rules.常用短语：school rules校规 class rules班规 traffic rules交通规则follow the rules遵守规则 make a rule制定规则 break a rule违反规则【拓展】rule作动词讲，意为“统治”三个“到达”--arrive/get/reacharrive为不及物动词，后面不能直接接地点，通常接介词at（小地点）或in（大地点）get如果接地点名词，则要加toreach为及物动词，能直接接地点【注意】arrive/get后接地点副词home/here/there时，不需要加介词。e.g. He arrives in Beijing at 5:00.=He reaches Beijing at 5:00.=He gets to Beijing at 5:00.三个“听”--hear/listen/sound例: Look! He is listening to the teacher carefully.I heard someone cry in the next room last night.That sounds good.【拓展】hear常用短语：hear from sb.收到某人的来信=receive a letter from sb.hear of/about...听说...fight v.&n.打架；战斗动词，意为“打架，争吵”，过去式为fought【拓展】常用短语：名词，意为“打架”，常用短语：have a fight with sb.和某人打架sorry adj.抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的I’m sorry I’m late. 对不起，我迟到了。I’m sorry to hear that bad news.听到那个坏消息我很难过。I’m sorry that you didn’t pass the exam.很惋惜（遗憾），你没有通过考试。outside adv. & adj. & prep. 反义词为：inside adj. “外面的” e.g. Outside workers need warm clothes in winter.n. “外部，外表” e.g. The outside of the house is red.prep. “在...外面” e.g. There is a fruit shop outside the shopping mall.四个“穿”important adj.重要的E.g. That is an important meeting.【拓展】常用句型：It’s important for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是重要的E.g.It’s important for us Chinese to pull together.对于我们中国人来说齐心协力是重要的。It’s important for us to make full use of time.对于我们来说充分利用时间是重要的。反义词：unimportant e.g.an unimportant thing一件不重要的事（3）名词形式：importance the importance of... ...的重要性e.g. Tom doesn’t know the importance of science.9.辨析bring/take/get/carrye.g. Take this empty box away and bring me a full one.把这个空盒子拿走，给我拿一个满的来。Please help Jim carry the piano to his room.请帮助汤姆把钢琴搬到他的房间去。Can you get me some water?你能去给我取点水吗？例题：--Tom, you shouldn’t ___ your cat to school.--Sorry, Mr. Green. I won’t do that again.take B.bring C.give D.get10.quiet adj.安静的e.g. He lives in a quiet place.（1）常用短语：be quiet=keep quiet保持安静 e.g. You must be/keep quiet! The baby is sleeping.（2）副词形式：quietly 安静地e.g. The teacher walks into the classroom quietly.例题：（2019江苏常州）In the library, students are required to keep ____ and move ____.(quiet)10.辨析on time与in timee.g. He always goes to school on time.Firemen reached the house on fire in time.（消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子处。）例题：（2019青海）--Excuse me, will the flight arrive soon?--Yes. It will be landing right ____.at times B.in time C. on time【拓展】time相关短语at times=from time to time有时，偶尔 all the time总是，一直at the same time与此同时 by the time到...为止once upon a time从前 take your time别着急；慢慢来句型：It’s time for sth.到了某事的时间了 It’s time for sb. to do sth.到了某人做某事的时间了。情态动词can的用法总结表示能力，意为“能，会”I can speak a little English.表示请求，用于疑问句，could比can更委婉Could you tell him to call me back?你可以告诉他给我回电话吗？have to与mustI have to study hard.I must study hard.You don’t have to tell him the bad news.You mustn’t tell him the bad news.--Must I finish my homework tonight? --No, you needn’t.祈使句祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告或建议等语气的句子。它的主语多是第二人称you（通常不说出）。因此，祈使句一般是动词原形开头的。祈使句分为肯定句和否定句两种。肯定句实义动词+其他Open the door.Come here.Let’s play football.连系动词+表语（形容词、名词等）Keep quiet!Be a good student.否定句：一般在肯定形式的祈使句前加上Don’tDon’t open the door.Don’t be late for class.【拓展】否定形式的祈使句还有一种：No+v-ing/n（禁止...）No smoking! No visitors. No photos.Unit4 SectionB知识点practice v.&n.练习动词，后面接名词、代词、动词ing形式e.g. He practices speaking English every day.（2）不可数名词，意为“练习”e.g. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。【拓展】finish/enjoy+动词ing形式more adj.&pron.更多（的）形容词 “更多的”，是many和much的比较级，修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词e.g.There will be more people in the future. Would you like more tea?代词 “更多”e.g. The cake is delicious. I want some more.【拓展】常用结构more+adj/adv.+than...比...更...（构成比较级）more than...比...更多；胜过...e.g. The dress is more beautiful than that one.He like math more than English.他喜爱数学胜过英语。noisy adj.吵闹的e.g. It’s noisy here. I can’t hear you clearly.【拓展】①名词形式：noise噪声；嘈杂声e.g. Don’t make so much noise.②副词形式：noisily吵闹地e.g. My sister is crying noisily in the bedroom.4.relax v.放松；休息 相当于rest或have a reste.g. He is too tired. He needs to relax.【拓展】①relaxing adj.令人放松的（修饰物）The movie is relaxing.②relaxed adj感到轻松的（修饰人）He is relaxed after listening to the music.5.辨析read/watch/look/seeMy father likes reading newspapers after dinner.I’m watching a football match.Please look at the blackboard.The old man can’t see anything.terrible adj.非常讨厌的；可怕的；糟糕的e.g. A terrible earthquake happened in Ya’an.--How’s your day? --Terrible.【拓展】副词形式：terribly 非常糟糕地；很；非常e.g.I’m terribly sorry for that.7.feel v.感受，觉得；摸起来重点：feel作感官动词讲，后面接形容词作表语Your hand feels cold.8.strict adj.严格的；严厉的e.g. Is your father strict?常用短语：be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 be strict in sth.对某是要求严格e.g. Our English teacher is strict in her own work and she is also strict with us.9.remember v.记住；记起 反义词为forget，忘记e.g. I can’t remember your name.常用短语：e.g. Remember to turn off the light when you leave the classroom.I remember meeting him once.10.follow v.遵循；跟随e.g. Everyone should follow the rules.（遵循）The guide tells us to follow her.（跟随）【拓展】①follow还可表示“听明白”。The teacher speaks too fast. I can’t follow her.②following adj.下面的；接着的Can you answer the following questions?luck n.幸运；运气Good luck to you!【拓展】①形容词形式：lucky 幸运的 其反义词为unluckye.g. He is a lucky man.②副词形式：luckily 幸运地 其反义词为unluckilye.g. Luckily, he was not late for school.12.keep v.保持；保留常用结构：①keep+adj./adv.You must keep your room tidy.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.②keep+v-ingTom’s mother keeps him standing for an hour.③keep+介词短语Keep the boy in the room.13.learn v.学习；学会（1）learn to do sth.学习做某事She is learning to dance.（2）learn about...了解...；获悉...I’d like to learn more about computer.learn from sb.向某人学习learn from sth.从某事中吸取教训We should learn from heroes.I learned a lot from that thing.learn... by oneself=teach oneself自学...He learns English by himself.go out外出（娱乐）；出国，移居（国外）；过时My father went out, but my mother is in.（外出）He went out to Australia two years ago.（移居）Long skirts went out last year.（过时） do the dishes清洗餐具 do chores做家务 leave v.离开；留下，落下常用结构：leave sth.+介词短语 把某物遗留在某地He left his homework on the bus.他把作业落在公交车上了。区分：forget 与 leaveforget不能与表示地点的词或者短语连用leave for sp. 动身前往某地 He will leave for Beijing in two weeks.（他两周后将要动身前往北京。）leave one by oneself把某人单独留下She can’t leave her son by himself.leave a message留言 【拓展】take a message捎口信Your friend left a message for you.辨析too much/much too/too many【助记】三个短语后面接什么词与短语中的第二个词保持一致 hear“听说，听到”，侧重听到的结果/内容listen“听”，侧重听的动作（接宾语时要加to）sound连系动词，“听起来”，后面跟形容词作表语Fight for...为...而战斗We fight for our nation.（民族）Fight about因...而争吵Don’t fight about small things!Fight against与...对抗They fight against the enemy.（敌人）Fight with和...打架Tom fights with his brother.wear穿着，戴着。强调状态She wears red coat.put on穿上。强调动作It’s cold. Put on your coat.be in+颜色/衣服穿着...颜色的衣服。强调状态Look！The dog in red shoes is funny.dress给...穿衣。表示动作/状态The baby can dress himself.bring带来把...从别处带到说话任所在地，动作由远及近take带走把...从说话人所在地带到别处去，动作由近及远carry搬运强调动作的移动性，不强调方向get去取指从说话任所在地出发，把...带回原处，表示动作的往返On time准时，按时。指按规定的时刻不早不晚In time及时。指没有迟到，时间还充裕Have to“不得不”①强调客观存在的必要性，含有不情愿的色彩②有人称、数和时态的变化 ③don’t have to意为“不必”，相当于needn’tmust“必须”①表示说话人的主观意志和看法，含有自觉、自愿的色彩 ②不用与过去时或将来时，没有人称、数的变化③mustn’t表示“禁止” ④must开头的一般疑问句否定回答为needn’tread“看，阅读，朗读”，主要指看与文字相关的事物，如看书、看报、看文章、杂志等watch“看，观看，注视”，强调注意力集中、有兴趣地看，如看比赛、看电视look“看”，强调看的动作。常用短语look at sth.see“看到，看见”，强调看的结果Remember to do sth.记住去做某事（未做）Remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）too much太多接不可数名词He eats too much ice-cream.much too太接形容词或副词He is much too fat.too many太多接可数名词复数He eats too much bananas.
Unit4 SectionA知识点rule n.规章；规则g. You must follow the rules.常用短语：school rules校规 class rules班规 traffic rules交通规则follow the rules遵守规则 make a rule制定规则 break a rule违反规则【拓展】rule作动词讲，意为“统治”三个“到达”--arrive/get/reacharrive为不及物动词，后面不能直接接地点，通常接介词at（小地点）或in（大地点）get如果接地点名词，则要加toreach为及物动词，能直接接地点【注意】arrive/get后接地点副词home/here/there时，不需要加介词。e.g. He arrives in Beijing at 5:00.=He reaches Beijing at 5:00.=He gets to Beijing at 5:00.三个“听”--hear/listen/sound例: Look! He is listening to the teacher carefully.I heard someone cry in the next room last night.That sounds good.【拓展】hear常用短语：hear from sb.收到某人的来信=receive a letter from sb.hear of/about...听说...fight v.&n.打架；战斗动词，意为“打架，争吵”，过去式为fought【拓展】常用短语：名词，意为“打架”，常用短语：have a fight with sb.和某人打架sorry adj.抱歉的；难过的；惋惜的I’m sorry I’m late. 对不起，我迟到了。I’m sorry to hear that bad news.听到那个坏消息我很难过。I’m sorry that you didn’t pass the exam.很惋惜（遗憾），你没有通过考试。outside adv. & adj. & prep. 反义词为：inside adj. “外面的” e.g. Outside workers need warm clothes in winter.n. “外部，外表” e.g. The outside of the house is red.prep. “在...外面” e.g. There is a fruit shop outside the shopping mall.四个“穿”important adj.重要的E.g. That is an important meeting.【拓展】常用句型：It’s important for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是重要的E.g.It’s important for us Chinese to pull together.对于我们中国人来说齐心协力是重要的。It’s important for us to make full use of time.对于我们来说充分利用时间是重要的。反义词：unimportant e.g.an unimportant thing一件不重要的事（3）名词形式：importance the importance of... ...的重要性e.g. Tom doesn’t know the importance of science.9.辨析bring/take/get/carrye.g. Take this empty box away and bring me a full one.把这个空盒子拿走，给我拿一个满的来。Please help Jim carry the piano to his room.请帮助汤姆把钢琴搬到他的房间去。Can you get me some water?你能去给我取点水吗？例题：--Tom, you shouldn’t ___ your cat to school.--Sorry, Mr. Green. I won’t do that again.take B.bring C.give D.get10.quiet adj.安静的e.g. He lives in a quiet place.（1）常用短语：be quiet=keep quiet保持安静 e.g. You must be/keep quiet! The baby is sleeping.（2）副词形式：quietly 安静地e.g. The teacher walks into the classroom quietly.例题：（2019江苏常州）In the library, students are required to keep ____ and move ____.(quiet)10.辨析on time与in timee.g. He always goes to school on time.Firemen reached the house on fire in time.（消防员及时赶到那幢失火的房子处。）例题：（2019青海）--Excuse me, will the flight arrive soon?--Yes. It will be landing right ____.at times B.in time C. on time【拓展】time相关短语at times=from time to time有时，偶尔 all the time总是，一直at the same time与此同时 by the time到...为止once upon a time从前 take your time别着急；慢慢来句型：It’s time for sth.到了某事的时间了 It’s time for sb. to do sth.到了某人做某事的时间了。情态动词can的用法总结表示能力，意为“能，会”I can speak a little English.表示请求，用于疑问句，could比can更委婉Could you tell him to call me back?你可以告诉他给我回电话吗？have to与mustI have to study hard.I must study hard.You don’t have to tell him the bad news.You mustn’t tell him the bad news.--Must I finish my homework tonight? --No, you needn’t.祈使句祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告或建议等语气的句子。它的主语多是第二人称you（通常不说出）。因此，祈使句一般是动词原形开头的。祈使句分为肯定句和否定句两种。肯定句实义动词+其他Open the door.Come here.Let’s play football.连系动词+表语（形容词、名词等）Keep quiet!Be a good student.否定句：一般在肯定形式的祈使句前加上Don’tDon’t open the door.Don’t be late for class.【拓展】否定形式的祈使句还有一种：No+v-ing/n（禁止...）No smoking! No visitors. No photos.Unit4 SectionB知识点practice v.&n.练习动词，后面接名词、代词、动词ing形式e.g. He practices speaking English every day.（2）不可数名词，意为“练习”e.g. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。【拓展】finish/enjoy+动词ing形式more adj.&pron.更多（的）形容词 “更多的”，是many和much的比较级，修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词e.g.There will be more people in the future. Would you like more tea?代词 “更多”e.g. The cake is delicious. I want some more.【拓展】常用结构more+adj/adv.+than...比...更...（构成比较级）more than...比...更多；胜过...e.g. The dress is more beautiful than that one.He like math more than English.他喜爱数学胜过英语。noisy adj.吵闹的e.g. It’s noisy here. I can’t hear you clearly.【拓展】①名词形式：noise噪声；嘈杂声e.g. Don’t make so much noise.②副词形式：noisily吵闹地e.g. My sister is crying noisily in the bedroom.4.relax v.放松；休息 相当于rest或have a reste.g. He is too tired. He needs to relax.【拓展】①relaxing adj.令人放松的（修饰物）The movie is relaxing.②relaxed adj感到轻松的（修饰人）He is relaxed after listening to the music.5.辨析read/watch/look/seeMy father likes reading newspapers after dinner.I’m watching a football match.Please look at the blackboard.The old man can’t see anything.terrible adj.非常讨厌的；可怕的；糟糕的e.g. A terrible earthquake happened in Ya’an.--How’s your day? --Terrible.【拓展】副词形式：terribly 非常糟糕地；很；非常e.g.I’m terribly sorry for that.7.feel v.感受，觉得；摸起来重点：feel作感官动词讲，后面接形容词作表语Your hand feels cold.8.strict adj.严格的；严厉的e.g. Is your father strict?常用短语：be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 be strict in sth.对某是要求严格e.g. Our English teacher is strict in her own work and she is also strict with us.9.remember v.记住；记起 反义词为forget，忘记e.g. I can’t remember your name.常用短语：e.g. Remember to turn off the light when you leave the classroom.I remember meeting him once.10.follow v.遵循；跟随e.g. Everyone should follow the rules.（遵循）The guide tells us to follow her.（跟随）【拓展】①follow还可表示“听明白”。The teacher speaks too fast. I can’t follow her.②following adj.下面的；接着的Can you answer the following questions?luck n.幸运；运气Good luck to you!【拓展】①形容词形式：lucky 幸运的 其反义词为unluckye.g. He is a lucky man.②副词形式：luckily 幸运地 其反义词为unluckilye.g. Luckily, he was not late for school.12.keep v.保持；保留常用结构：①keep+adj./adv.You must keep your room tidy.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.②keep+v-ingTom’s mother keeps him standing for an hour.③keep+介词短语Keep the boy in the room.13.learn v.学习；学会（1）learn to do sth.学习做某事She is learning to dance.（2）learn about...了解...；获悉...I’d like to learn more about computer.learn from sb.向某人学习learn from sth.从某事中吸取教训We should learn from heroes.I learned a lot from that thing.learn... by oneself=teach oneself自学...He learns English by himself.go out外出（娱乐）；出国，移居（国外）；过时My father went out, but my mother is in.（外出）He went out to Australia two years ago.（移居）Long skirts went out last year.（过时） do the dishes清洗餐具 do chores做家务 leave v.离开；留下，落下常用结构：leave sth.+介词短语 把某物遗留在某地He left his homework on the bus.他把作业落在公交车上了。区分：forget 与 leaveforget不能与表示地点的词或者短语连用leave for sp. 动身前往某地 He will leave for Beijing in two weeks.（他两周后将要动身前往北京。）leave one by oneself把某人单独留下She can’t leave her son by himself.leave a message留言 【拓展】take a message捎口信Your friend left a message for you.辨析too much/much too/too many【助记】三个短语后面接什么词与短语中的第二个词保持一致 hear“听说，听到”，侧重听到的结果/内容listen“听”，侧重听的动作（接宾语时要加to）sound连系动词，“听起来”，后面跟形容词作表语Fight for...为...而战斗We fight for our nation.（民族）Fight about因...而争吵Don’t fight about small things!Fight against与...对抗They fight against the enemy.（敌人）Fight with和...打架Tom fights with his brother.wear穿着，戴着。强调状态She wears red coat.put on穿上。强调动作It’s cold. Put on your coat.be in+颜色/衣服穿着...颜色的衣服。强调状态Look！The dog in red shoes is funny.dress给...穿衣。表示动作/状态The baby can dress himself.bring带来把...从别处带到说话任所在地，动作由远及近take带走把...从说话人所在地带到别处去，动作由近及远carry搬运强调动作的移动性，不强调方向get去取指从说话任所在地出发，把...带回原处，表示动作的往返On time准时，按时。指按规定的时刻不早不晚In time及时。指没有迟到，时间还充裕Have to“不得不”①强调客观存在的必要性，含有不情愿的色彩②有人称、数和时态的变化 ③don’t have to意为“不必”，相当于needn’tmust“必须”①表示说话人的主观意志和看法，含有自觉、自愿的色彩 ②不用与过去时或将来时，没有人称、数的变化③mustn’t表示“禁止” ④must开头的一般疑问句否定回答为needn’tread“看，阅读，朗读”，主要指看与文字相关的事物，如看书、看报、看文章、杂志等watch“看，观看，注视”，强调注意力集中、有兴趣地看，如看比赛、看电视look“看”，强调看的动作。常用短语look at sth.see“看到，看见”，强调看的结果Remember to do sth.记住去做某事（未做）Remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做）too much太多接不可数名词He eats too much ice-cream.much too太接形容词或副词He is much too fat.too many太多接可数名词复数He eats too much bananas.
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