人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后测评

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后测评，共6页。试卷主要包含了语言基础训练，培优提升训练等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、语言基础训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The yung man was very happy t get back the gld ring which/that/不填 he had lst n the train.
2．Sme peple wh/that are successful learners ften fail in ther fields.
3．The wman wh/that is shaking hands with my sister is a dctr.
4．This is the mst beautiful park that/不填 I have visited.
5．She tk phtgraphs f the things and peple that/不填 she was interested in.
6．Lk, here are sme peple wh/whm/that/不填 I want yu t meet.
7．D yu still remember the chicken farm that/which/不填 we visited three mnths ag?
8．The picture which/that was abut the accident was terrible.
9．This is the very htel that/不填 I stayed at when I was travelling here.
10．The child whse parents are dead is called Tm.
Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子
1．D yu knw the man? The man spke t the headmaster just nw.
→D yu knw the man wh/that spke t the headmaster just nw ?
2．I have seen the film.They're talking abut the film.
→I have seen the film that/which/不填 they're talking abut .
3．The bk was written by Mark Twain.He was a famus American writer.
→The bk was written by Mark Twain wh/that was a famus American writer .
4．The girl is frm America.Her father is a Chinese.
→The girl whse father is a Chinese is frm America.
5．My grandparents live in a huse.It is mre than 100 years ld.
→My grandparents live in a huse which/that is mre than 100 years ld .
二、培优提升训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Earthquakes happen withut warning.They can happen any time f a day, at any pint during the year.But dn't wrry because mst are s weak that they cannt be felt.Only a few big nes hurt peple.Hwever, it's imprtant t knw what t d when an earthquake is happening.
D nt g utside.Yu culd get injured frm falling glass r parts f buildings.If yu are utside, stay away frm buildings and pwer lines (输电线)．
Stay under a desk, table, r ther strng furniture.Hld n t it.Or stay in a crner f the building.Cver yur face and head with yur arms and cver yur muth with a twel r clthing.Stay inside until shaking stps and it is safe t g utside.
Keep away frm windws, pictures r advertisements n the wall r the building, and anything else that culd fall and hurt yu.Mst peple get injured by falling things during an earthquake, nt by the shaking itself.
Als keep away frm a fire.Yu culd fall dwn and burn yurself n the fire.
If yu are driving when an earthquake happens, stp the car if it's safe.Stay inside yur car until the earthquake stps, and dn't drive near bridges.Try nt t stp by pwer lines r trees.These culd fall and hurt yu.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对如何在地震中幸存下来和保护好自己几方面的讲解，使我们了解和提高了安全防范意识。
1．Mst earthquakes are t B t hurt peple.
A．strng B．weak
C．dangerus D．heavy
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“But dn't wrry because mst are s weak that they cannt be felt.(但不用担心，因为大多数都很微弱，感觉不到。)”可知，大多数地震都很“微弱”。故选B。
2．Frm the passage, when an earthquake is happening, we shuld B .
A．stay under a big building
B．stay under a strng furniture
C．stand by windws
D．drive near a big bridge
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Stay under a desk, table, r ther strng furniture.(待在书桌、桌子或其他坚固的家具下面。)”可知，地震发生时我们应该躲在桌子，椅子或其他坚硬的家具下面。故选B。
3．It isn't safe fr yu t A while the earthquake is happening.
A．run ut f the building
B．stay in a crner f the building
C．cver yur head with yur arms
D．cver yur muth with a twel
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“D nt g utside.Yu culd get injured frm falling glass r parts f buildings.(不要出去。你可能会被掉落的玻璃或建筑物的部分砸伤。)”以及第三段“Stay inside until shaking stps and it is safe t g utside.(待在书桌、桌子或其他坚固的家具下面。)”可推知，地震期间不要出去会更安全一些。故选A。
4．The best title fr this passage shuld be“ C ”．
A．Hw Earthquakes Happen
B．Hw t Drive a Car
C．What We Shuld D in Earthquakes
D．Why Earthquakes Happen
解析： 标题归纳题。根据第一段“Hwever, it's imprtant t knw what t d when an earthquake is happening.(然而，知道地震发生时该怎么做是很重要的。)”以及下文每一段的第一句可知，本文讲的是地震来了怎样做，来保护自己。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
It's strange，but I dn't really remember abut the hurricane itself.It all happened s 1.C .I was sitting in my rm when the rf(屋顶)just 2.A .All f a sudden, there was sky where the rf had been and I was very 3.A .Withut a rf, staying inside was really 4.B . It was August, s it was really ht and it smelled s 5.D everywhere! Living in the 6.D air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner fr the msquits(蚊子)．We had lst ur hme and everything in it.But as Mm kept n 7.C us, we were all tgether and safe.Mm's wrds made us feel 8.A .I remember us all lying under the midnight 9.B and lking up at the stars.Even thugh we had lst a lt, mments like thse gave us 10.B fr the future.
Althugh it was nly a few days befre we were 11.A , it felt like mnths.We were taken t anther twn in a faraway cunty.Nw, ne year has 12.D and I'm back hme in New Orleans.We are wrking tgether t 13.C ur hmes and ur lives.Nw we have anther chance t lk up at the 14.D f New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us 15.B t mve n.
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的家乡新奥尔良发生了一次可怕的飓风灾难，人们失去了家园。但是新奥尔良的星星给了作者和家人们希望。
1．A.typically B．currently
C．quickly D．regularly
解析： 根据后文“All f a sudden, there was sky where the rf had been”可知，飓风发生得很快(quickly)。
2．A.flew ff B．went all ut
C．calmed dwn D．turned up
解析： 根据后文“All f a sudden，there was sky where the rf had been”可知，屋顶飞走了(flew ff)。
3．A.frightened B．pleased
C．curius D．impressive
解析： 根据前文讲的屋顶飞走了并结合常识可知，作者感到非常害怕(frightened)。
4．A.cnfusing B．hard
C．unique D．inspiring
解析： 根据后文“It was August，s it was really ht”可知，没有了屋顶，待在屋子里真的很难(hard)。
5．A.sweet B．wet
C．ht D．bad
解析： 根据前文语境可知，没有了屋顶之后待在屋里真的很难，天气炎热，气味很难闻(bad)。
6．A.fresh B．dirty
C．cld D．pen
解析： 根据前文讲屋顶被吹走了可知，“我们”是住在露天(pen)的环境里。
7．A.watching B．imprving
C．reminding D．ignring
解析： 根据后文讲“妈妈的话使我们感觉好些了”可知，是妈妈一直在提醒(reminding)“我们”。
8．A.better B．mre negative
C．terrible D．anxius
解析： 根据前文讲“因为妈妈不断提醒我们，我们一直都在一起，很安全”可知，妈妈的话使“我们”感觉好些(better)了。
9．A.bed B．sky
C．atmsphere D．scene
解析： 根据前文“Withut a rf”和后文“lking up at the stars”可知，此处是指躺在午夜的天空(sky)下。
10．A.mney B．hpe
C．time D．ptin
解析： 根据后文“their beauty inspiring us”可知，这样的时刻给了“我们”对未来的希望(hpe)。
11．A.saved B．recgnised
C．cntacted D．remembered
解析： 根据后文“We were taken t anther twn in a faraway cunty.”可知，“我们”被救(saved)了。
12．A.taken B．pstpned
C．apprached D．passed
解析： 根据时间状语“Nw”可知，一年过去(passed)了。
13．A.bserve B．explre
C．rebuild D．struggle
解析： 根据前文“We had lst ur hme and everything in it.”以及“We are wrking tgether”可知，飓风毁掉了“我们”的家园，所以现在需要重建(rebuild)。
14．A.facilities B．rfs
C．huses D．stars
解析： 根据前文讲“我们”都躺在午夜的天空下仰望星空可知，此处是指现在“我们”有另一个机会仰望新奥尔良的星星(stars)。
15．A.cmfrt B．cnfidence
C．challenge D．directin
解析： 根据前文“their beauty inspiring us”可知，此处是讲星星的美丽给了“我们”前进的信心(cnfidence)。
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past hundred years, there 1.have been (be) frequent natural disasters, such 2.as flds，drughts, mud-rck flws, seismic sea waves, earthquakes，windstrms and the stretching f new deserts.The disasters have killed millins f peple, 3.destryed (destry) cuntless hmes and wiped ut numerus pieces f fertile land.
Nw mre and mre peple becme aware that thse disasters have much t d with the damage 4.that/which we have dne t the earth.We have cut dwn t many 5.trees (tree) in the frests.We have badly 6.plluted (pllutin) the envirnment.We have shcked ur wn hme-planet time and again with 7.pwerful (pwer)explsins f nuclear bmbs.As 8.a result，climates have becme abnrmal.Rainwater rushes dwn hillsides 9.angrily (angry), and the undergrund energy ges up t revenge itself n us.The earth is ur nly hme planet.It is urgent fr us t stp damaging it，and t d ur best 10.t prtect (prtect) it and make it a lvely place suitable t live in, fr we have nwhere t g and survive except where we are nw.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。过去一百年里自然灾害的频繁发生与人类对地球造成的破坏有很大关系，文章主要列举了人类的种种破坏行为，呼吁人类保护唯一的地球家园。
解析：
1. 考查动词的时态和语态。根据上文“In the past hundred years”可知，应用现在完成时，主语为frequent natural disasters，助动词应用have。故填have been。
2. 考查介词。句意：在过去的一百年里，自然灾害频繁发生，如洪水、干旱、泥石流、地震海啸、地震、风暴和新的沙漠的延伸。such as意为“比如”。故填as。
3．考查动词的时态。句意：灾难夺去了数百万人的生命，摧毁了无数的房屋和无数片肥沃的土地。此处destry与kill和wipe ut构成并列谓语，根据上文The disasters have killed可知，为现在完成时，应用过去分词。故填destryed。
4. 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：现在越来越多的人意识到这些灾难与我们对地球造成的破坏有很大关系。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词damage，在从句中作宾语，指物，应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
5. 考查名词。句意：我们在森林里砍伐了太多的树木。根据句意，此处表示复数意义，故填trees。
6．考查动词的时态。句意：我们已经严重污染了环境。设空处作谓语，表示“污染”，应用动词pllute；再根据上文We have可知，为现在完成时，应用过去分词。故填plluted。
7．考查词性转换。修饰名词explsins，应用形容词作定语。故填pwerful。
8. 考查冠词。句意：结果，气候变得异常。as a result意为“结果”。故填a。
9．考查词性转换。句意：雨水愤怒地冲下山坡，地下的能量上升，对我们进行报复。修饰动词rush应用副词作状语。故填angrily。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们迫切需要停止对它的破坏，并尽我们最大的努力来保护它，使它成为一个美丽的适合居住的地方，因为除了我们现在的地方，没有地方可以生存。d ne's best t d sth.“尽最大努力做某事”。故填t prtect。