英语选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课后作业题

Unit 1

Using Language & Assessing Your Progress

一、填空

1.He shaved his m________ off and looked younger than his age.

2.The new technique is targeted at mobile  ________(仪器).

3.They sat down and d________ a letter to the local newspaper.

4.They e________ untold difficulties and dangers before they reached their destination.

5.He was one of the very greatest scientific and mathematical g________.

6.Father patted me g________ on my back, but said nothing.

7.I studied for my ________(博士学位) in Tsinghua University from 2013 to 2016.

8.I am an independent inventor and have had dozens of  _________ (专利) awarded to me in the past 35 years.

9.We've made  __________(非凡的) progress as a society in recent years.

10.He had a ________(酷爱) for gardens.

11.Many __________ (theory) have been advanced as to why some people suffer from depression.

12.In 1979, only 2% of British  __________ (professor) were females.

13.Mistakes due to carelessness may have serious __________ (consequence).

14.Electricity lines to 30,000 homes were __________ (gradual) being restored yesterday.

15.Despite __________(number) failures, they continued to conduct the experiment.

二.阅读理解

    Can I talk about salary at work? In a word: yes. As the HR company Insperity put it in a recent blog post: Can your employees discuss their salaries or wages with their co-workers? Yes. Even if you have a company policy against it? Yes.

    The freedom to discuss your salary at work is a protected right under the labor law. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 protects your right to discuss the conditions of your employment, including issues related to safety and pay, even when you're not protected by a union.

    Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable, since there's such a taboo about discussing money matters, but it's an important step towards achieving equal pay for equal work. One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth. Too many people I talk to wrongly consider their salary a reflection of their worthiness, a statement about their skills, experience, or value. At the end of the day, if we can all separate our self-worth from our salaries a bit more, it'll become easier to talk frankly with our colleagues.

    Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny. For instance, you might volunteer your salary first and ask "Does that sound right to you?" by way of comparison. Or, let's say you're interviewing for a promotion to become a manager. You might ask a fellow manager about the kind of salary you should expect by saying, "I'm seeing salaries for this kind of position ranging from $65,000 to $ 70,000—does that seem accurate to you?" This way, even if your colleague isn't comfortable sharing their salary outright, they can help you identify if your expectations are appropriate.

(1).What makes co-workers uncomfortable to talk about salaries?

A.The safety issue.  B.The labor law.

C.The wrong idea about salaries. D.The reflection of their worthiness.

(2).What does the underlined word "taboo" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A.A prohibited practice.  B.A firm belief.

C.A general agreement.  D.A social custom.

(3).What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4?

A.One of my interview experiences. B.My way of asking about money.

C.The method of raising questions. D.An example of getting promoted.

(4).What can be the best title for the text?

A.How to Discuss Salaries at Work B.Ways of Talking about Salaries

C.Do Salaries Stand for Self-worth? D.Can Salaries be Talked about at Work?

三.语法填空

在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Albert Einstein, ①________ is regarded as the greatest scientist in modem physics, was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. At the age of 17, he ②________ (admit) to the university in 1896 and graduated four years later.

    After ③________ (graduate), Einstein first worked as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While ④________ (work) there, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, he published four extraordinary physics papers and ⑤________ (gradual) became world famous. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize ⑥________ Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.

    When Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of study ⑦________ (close) to him. So he had to flee Germany and then went to the US and took ⑧________ a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.

    Although he was a genius, he sometimes ⑨________ (forget) things, like his friends' birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his ⑩________ (friend) and neighbours. Einstein passed away on 18 April 1955, the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist.

答案以及解析

一、

1.答案：moustaches

解析：

2.答案：devices

解析：

3.答案：drafted

解析：

4.答案：encountered

解析：

5.答案：geniuses

解析：

6.答案：gently

解析：

7.答案：doctorate

解析：

8.答案：patents

解析：

9.答案：extraordinary

解析：

10.答案：passion

解析：

11.答案：theories

解析：考查名词单复数。句意:关于为什么一些人患有抑郁症,许多理论已经被提出来了。theory 为可数名词,意为“理论”,由设空处前的Many可知此处应填复数名词theories。

12.答案：professors

解析：考查名词单复数。句意:在1979年,只有2%的英国教授是女性。professor 为可数名词,意为“教授”,由设空处后的were可知此处应填复数名词professors。

13.答案：consequences

解析：考查名词单复数。句意:由于粗心犯的错误可能会有严重的后果。consequence为可数名词,意为“后果”,设空处前无冠词及形容词性物主代词,且由语境可知此处应用名词的复数形式,故填consequences。

14.答案：gradually

解析：考查词性转换。句意:通向3万户人家的电线昨日被逐步修复。分析句子成分可知,设空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词,gradually意为“逐渐地,逐步地”。

15.答案：numerous

解析：考查词性转换。句意:尽管(经历了)许多的失败的事,他们继续进行实验。此处应用形容词作定语,修饰其后的复数名词failures。numerous作形容词,意为“许多的”。

二.

答案：(1)-(4)CABD
解析：(1).推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“ One barrier, however, stems from how we think of our own financial worth.”和对第三段的整体理解可推知,对薪金的错误看法导致同事间谈论薪金时感到不舒服。
(2).词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“ Talking about salary with colleagues can be uncomfortable”可知,和同事谈论薪金让人不舒服,并结合常识可推知,谈论钱的事情是一个禁忌,故选A。
(3).主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句“ Asking about money outright can be tough, so one trick I've picked up along the way is to ask for your colleagues to confirm or deny.”并结合对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要讲的是询问关于薪金的事情的方法。
(4).标题判断题。本文第一段第一句“ Can I talk about salary at work?”点出了要谈论的话题,并结合对全文的整体理解可推知,本文主要讨论了是否可以在工作中谈论薪金的问题。

三.答案：①-⑤who; was admitted; graduating/ graduation; working; gradually
⑥-⑩for; closed; up; forgot; friends
解析：①考查定语从句。先行词是 Albert Einstein,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以填who。

②考查语态。 admit和he之间有动宾关系,讲述的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。

③after是介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。

④此处可以理解为省略从句主语和be动词的时间状语从句, While working there相当于 While he was working there。

⑤考查副词。修饰动词要用副词形式。

⑥考查介词。 The Nobel Prize for Physics诺贝尔物理学奖。

⑦考查非谓语动词。doors和 close是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾补。

⑧考查固定搭配。 take up a position任职。

⑨考查时态。讲述过去发生的事情要用一般过去时。⑩根据语境可知,此处填 friends。