人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future课后复习题

Unit 2

Learning about Language

一、填空

1.These are examples of natural  _________(克隆).

2.Nobody could  _________(预测) the final result.

3.I'm sure that  _________(人工的) intelligence will have a promising future.

4.Our government has taken effective measures to fight against violent _________(犯罪活动).

5.Advances in technology c_________(结合)with more open policies have already created an interconnected world.

6.Many companies make  ____________  a rule to send birthday e-cards to their customers.

7.Explorers who work on scientific research  ____________(stand) at the Arctic Pole this time tomorrow.

8.We are confident that the environment  ____________(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.

9.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection,  ____________(advocate) green lifestyles and consumer culture.

10.The watch is so beautiful and it happens to be 50 percent off, so I can't resist  ____________  (buy) it.

11.____________(oppose) to developing the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.

12.WeChat is a great way to keep  ____________  touch with other people and quickly broadcast information about where you are and what you are doing.

13.It's high time that we placed great emphasis  ____________the improvement of food safety.

14.Some people always take seriously the  ____________(predict) of the end of the world in the near future.

15.In the  ____________(absent) of clear goals, we are stuck in daily routine until we become slaves of it.

二.阅读理解

    Nearly every week, we hear news about the latest successes and failures in driverless vehicles. But we hear little about how other industries are developing this same kind of technology.

    One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.

    One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. The robot has four wheels to carry it through the fields in search of weeds. Computer-controlled arms then lower and spray the weeds with small amounts of herbicide (除草剂). Company officials say the robot can fully operate on its own for up to 12 hours a day while being powered by the sun. It uses the same kind of sensor and positioning technology used to guide driverless vehicles. A farmer can also control the equipment through a smartphone.

    The co-founder of ecoRobotix, Aurelien Demaurex, says the farm robot can kill weeds with 20 times less herbicide than traditional methods. This is because the system uses exactly the right amount of chemical in the exact place required to kill the weeds. Currently, farmers spread weed killers over massive areas to destroy unwanted plants.

    Another company developing farm robotics is California-based Blue River Technology. The company has a system called "See & Spray", which it claims is the world's first smart sprayer. The system—which connects to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds. It can also spray chemicals on wanted plants to help them grow. Ben Chostner, vice-president of business development for Blue River Technology, explains in a company video that "See & Spray" technology uses the same deep learning methods used in facial recognition. "The first time the machine saw a pigweed, it didn't know what kind of plant it was. But we taught it—by giving it tens of thousands of examples of pigweed—and now it's an expert in pigweed."

1.How will AI benefit agriculture?
A.It will fund agriculture research. B.It contributes to low-cost farming.
C.It can avoid harmful chemicals. D.It frees all farmers from field work.
2.What do the products of the two companies have in common?
A.They use recognition technology. B.They are powered by solar energy.
C.They are connected with smart phones. D.They can help wanted plants grow rapidly.
3.What do Ben Chostner's words suggest about the robot?
A.It is environmentally friendly. B.It is good at self-improving.
C.It has the learning ability. D.It can track various plants.
4.What is mainly talked about in the text?
A.The experiment in farming robots. B.New trend in artificial intelligence.
C.Modern "See & Spray" technology. D.Artificial intelligence in agriculture.

三.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Are you interested in science? What do you think about self-repair technology?

    In the first Terminator movie, there is a moment ①_________ the metal machine from the future begins to repair his mechanical (机械的) arm. The ability of non-human things to repair themselves is ②_________ (surprise) and leaves a deep ③_________ (impress) on many people. This is perhaps one reason why people began to take ④_________ interest in the research being done by Professor Duncan Wass and his team at the University of Bristol. They have developed a self-repairing material that could ⑤_________ (use) to fix the wings and body of aeroplanes.

    Professor Wass and his team found inspiration in the processes of the human body. As Professor Wass explains, "If you cut ⑥_________ (you) finger, there are mechanisms (结构) that repair that damage. Can we put the self-healing (自愈) functions that we have in an airplane wing? If you do that, you're not going to repair a huge hole in the airplane wing. What we should be able ⑦_________ (repair) are the tiny cracks that lead ⑧_________ the problems later on."

    When ⑨_________ (ask) about other possible applications, Professor Wass says. "Bicycle frames (框架) or sports equipment are ⑩_________ (general) where you can imagine this being used."

答案以及解析

一、

1.答案：clones

解析：

2.答案：predict

解析：

3.答案：artificial

解析：

4.答案：crime

解析：

5.答案：combined

解析：句意:科技的进步以及更加开放的政策已经创造出一个联系密切的世界。

6.答案：it

解析： make it a rule(to do sth)意为“定下规矩(做某事)”,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。

7.答案：will be standing

解析：句意为:从事科学研究的探险家们明天这个时候将站在北极。根据句中的时间状语this time tomorrow可知,此处指将来某一时刻正在发生的动作,应用将来进行时。故填will be standing。

8.答案：will be improved

解析：句意为:我们相信环境会在我们进一步减少污染的努力下得到改善。设空处作从句的谓语动词,根据句中的further可知,此处指发生在将来的动作,应用一般将来时;improve与从句主语the environment之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填will be improved。

9.答案：advocating

解析：句意为:中国将通过资源保护来保障能源安全,倡导环保的生活方式和消费文化。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用非谓语形式,advocate与主语China之间是逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。

10.答案：buying

解析： can't resist doing sth意为“忍不住做某事”,为固定搭配。故填buying。

11.答案：Opposed

解析： be opposed to为固定搭配,意为“反对……”,此处为形容词短语作状语,省去be动词,故填Opposed。

12.答案：in

解析：句意为:微信是一个与他人保持联系以及即时发布位置与动态的不错方式。keep in touch with为固定搭配,意为“与.......保持联系”。

13.答案：on

解析：句意为:到了我们高度重视改善食品安全的时候了。place emphasis on意为“重视”,为固定搭配。故填on。

14.答案：prediction

解析：句意为:一些人总是把不久后是世界末日的预言当回事。设空处作take的宾语,其前有定冠词the限定,应用名词。故填prediction。

15.答案：absence

解析：句意为:由于缺乏明确的目标,我们被困在日常生活中,直到成为生活的奴隶。设空处作介词in的宾语且前有定冠词the限定,应用名词。故填absence。

二.答案：1-4.BACD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture. Companies are experimenting with high-tech tools that can help farmers save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals.可知,人工智能通过帮助农民节省时间和金钱即降低成本造福农业,故选B项。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of the companies is ecoRobotix of Switzerland. It created a robot equipped with AI and cameras to identify all plants on a farm. 和最后一段中的The system—which connects to the back of a tractor—is also equipped with AI to identify and chemically kill only the weeds.可知,这两家公司的产品的共同之处是他们都使用识别技术,故选A项。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中本·乔斯特纳的话可知,该技术使用了与人脸识别相同的深度学习方法。在人们教它大量例子之后,它由不认识藜草转变成为藜草专家,所以他的话表明这个机器人有学习能力,故选C项。
4.主旨大意题。第二段中的One industry heavily involved in researching and developing artificial intelligence, or AI, is agriculture.是全文的主题句,结合全文内容可知,这篇文章主要讲了人工智能在农业中的应用,故选D项。

三.答案：①-⑤when; surprising; impression; an; be used ;⑥-⑩ your; to repair; to; asked ; generally
解析：①考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a moment且在从句中作时间状语,故填when。

②考查形容词。设空处作表语,说明主语the ability of non-human things to repair themselves的特征,故填surprising。

③考查名词。leave a deep impression on... 意为“给……留下深刻印象”。

④an 考查冠词。take an interest in...意为“对……感兴趣”。

⑤考查被动语态。material与use之间是被动关系,且设空处前有情态动词could,故填be used。

⑥考查代词。设空处在此作定语,意为“你的",故填your。

⑦考查非谓语动词。be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”。

⑧考查介词。lead to意为“导致,造成”。

⑨考查非谓语动词。ask与Professor Wass之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故填asked。

⑩考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词are,故填副词generally(通常)。