2021学年Unit 4 History and traditions教学设计及反思

这是一份2021学年Unit 4 History and traditions教学设计及反思，共21页。教案主要包含了策略学习，素养提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【策略学习】
隐含推断与观点态度题
隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。在解答这类题时，可采用“一步推导”法。即推理判断题的最近答案原则：推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推出的好。推理判断题不是考查我们的想象力，它实际是考查我们原文中的某一个点或几个点所涉及的问题读透了没有。因此做题时不能想得太多，推得过远，是否把原文读懂才是关键。此类题目的题干一般包括以下五个动词：infer(推断)；cnclude(推断，得出结论)；indicate(暗示)；imply (暗示)；suggest(暗示)。
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)
Then there’s Righteus Fur and its unusual fashins.Mdel Paige Mrgan says，“T give peple a guilt－free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them—I think that’s ging t be a massive thing，at least here in New Yrk.”Designer Jennifer Andersn admits it tk her a while t cme arund t the pinin that using nutria fur fr her creatins is mrally acceptable.She’s trying t cme up with a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec－friendly.
31. What can we infer abut wearing fur in New Yrk accrding t Mrgan?
A. It’s frmal.B. It’s risky.
C. It’s harmful.D. It’s traditinal.
【分析】
·第一步 通读题目找出题干关键词：infer abut wearing fur
·第二步 定位到原文，寻找相关信息：T give peple a guilt－free ptin that they can wear withut smene thrwing paint n them—I think that’s ging t be a massive thing，at least here in New Yrk.
·第三步 仔细比对选项：Mrgan觉得在纽约，给予人们一种没有负罪感的选择，他们可以穿海狸鼠皮做的衣服而不被人泼颜料——我认为是一件大事， 由此可推断出穿皮草具有风险性。
观点态度题是高考英语阅读理解常考的一种题型，也是考生很容易失分的一种题型。文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的情感、观点或态度往往隐含在文章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中。常见的设问方式有：
·Hw des the authr feel
·What des the authr think
·What is the authr’s attitude
·The authr’s attitude be described as ________.
▲4关注1不要
(1)关注首段首尾句，确定文章主题，判断作者的观点态度。
(2)关注but后表示观点态度的语句来判断作者或文中人物的观点。
(3)关注作者所举的例子或者所引用的话语，来判断文章作者或文中人物的态度倾向。
(4)关注文章语言的褒贬去判断作者的态度。
(5)不要将个人的好恶态度糅进题中，要学会分清作者本人的态度和作者引用观点的态度。
▲4类选项常用词汇
【典例】 (2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C)
“We flated the idea t my mum f sharing a huse，”says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cuts in：“We spke mre with Nick because I think it’s a big thing fr Nick t live with his mther－in－law.”
And what des Nick think？“Frm my standpint，it all seems t wrk very well.Wuld I recmmend it？Yes，I think I wuld.”
29. What is Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther－in－law?
A. Psitive.B. Carefree.
C. Tlerant.D. Unwilling.
【分析】
·第一步 通读题目找出题干关键词：Nick’s attitude twards sharing the huse with his mther－in－law
·第二步 定位到原文，寻找相关信息：“Frm my standpint，it all seems t wrk very well.Wuld I recmmend it? Yes，I think I wuld.”
·第三步 仔细比对选项：尼克对于与岳母住在一起持积极的态度。
【素养提升】
一、阅读理解
1
I dn't ever want t talk abut being a wman scientist again. There was a time in my life when peple asked cnstantly fr stries abut what it's like t wrk in a field cntrlled by men. I was never very gd at telling hse stries because truthfully I never fund them interesting. What I d find interesting is the rigin f the universe, the shape f space-time and the nature f black hles.
At 19, when I began studying astrphysics, it did nt bther me in the least t be the nly wman in the classrm. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a pst-dctr ding space research, the issue started t bther me. My every achievement-jbs, research papers, awards- was viewed frm the angle f gender（性别）.S were my failures.
Then ne day a few years ag, ut f my muth came a sentence that wuld eventually becme my reply t any and all prvcatins（挑衅）: I dn't talk abut that anymre. It tk me 10 years t get back the cnfidence I had at 19 and t realize that I didn't want t deal with gender issues. Why shuld curing sexism be yet anther terrible burden n every female scientist?
Tday I research and teach at Barnard, a wmen's cllege in New Yrk City. Recently, smene asked me hw many f the 45 students in my class were wmen. Yu cannt imagine my satisfactin at being able t answer, 45. I knw sme f my students wrry hw they will manage their scientific research and a desire fr children. And I dn't dismiss thse cncerns. Instead given them this: the visual f their physics prfessr heavily pregnant（怀孕的）ding physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image f 45 wmen driven by a lve f science. And that's a sight wrth talking abut.
1. Why desn't the authr want t talk abut being a wman scientist again?
A. She finds space research mre imprtant.
B. She is nt gd at telling stries f the kind.
C. She is fed up with the issue f sexual discriminatin（歧视）.
D. She feels unhappy wrking in male-cntrlled fields.
2. Frm Paragraph 2 we can infer that peple wuld attribute(归结于) the authr' s failures t ________.
A. the very fact that she is a wman
B. her invlvement in gender plitics
C. her ver-cnfidence as a female astrphysicist
D. the burden she bears in a male-dminated sciety
3. Why des the authr feel great satisfactin when talking abut her class?
A. Female students n lnger have t bther abut gender issues.
B. Her students' perfrmance has brught back her cnfidence.
C. Her female students can d just as well as male students.
D. Mre female students are pursuing science than befre.
4. What des the image the authr presents t her students suggest?
A. Wmen students needn' t have the cncerns f her generatin.
B. Wmen have mre barriers n their way t academic success.
C. Wmen can balance a career in science and having a family.
D. Wmen nw fewer prblems pursuing a science career.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过比较自己原来所处的年代的情况和现在的情况，告诉我们现在又越来越多的女生开始学习科学，这让作者很自豪。同时作者还给这些女生提出了自己的建议：要在科学和家庭之间取得平衡。
1. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“It tk me 10 years t get back the cnfidence I had at 19 and t realize that I didn't want t deal with gender issues. Why shuld curing sexism be yet anther terrible burden n every female scientist?”（我花了10年时间才重拾19岁时的自信，并意识到我不想处理性别问题。为什么治疗性别歧视会成为每个女性科学家的又一个可怕的负担?）可知，她已经厌倦了这样的话题。故选C。
2. 推理判断题。根据第二段后三行“But while earning my MIT and then as a pst-dctr ding space research, the issue started t bther me. My every achievement-jbs, research papers, awards- was viewed frm the angle f gender（性别）.S were my failures.”（但在我获得麻省理工学院的博士学位和做太空研究的博士后期间，这个问题开始困扰我。我的每一项成就——工作、研究论文、获奖——都是从性别的角度来看待的。我的失败也是如此。）可知，从第二段我们可以推断出，人们会把作者的失败归咎于她是女性这一事实。故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Yu cannt imagine my satisfactin at being able t answer. I knw sme f my students wrry hw they will manage their scientific research and a desire fr children.”（你无法想象我回答这个问题时的满足感。我知道我的一些学生担心他们将如何管理他们的科学研究和想要孩子的愿望。）可知，作者在谈论她的课时之所以感到非常满意，是因为越来越多的女学生选择科学专业。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据文章最后三行“Instead given them this: the visual f their physics prfessr heavily pregnant（怀孕的）ding physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image f 45 wmen driven by a lve f science. And that's a sight wrth talking abut.”（相反，给他们这样的画面:他们的物理教授怀着大肚子在做物理实验。反过来，他们给了我45位热爱科学的女性的形象。这是一个值得讨论的景象。）可知，作者向她的学生呈现的形象暗示了女性可以平衡科学事业和家庭。故选C。
2
A few years ag, my sister-in-law started t feel cncerned abut her teenage daughter. What was she ding after schl? Where was she spending her time? My niece was an excellent student, and tk part in all kinds f after-class activities. Even s, her mm decided t put a tracking app(跟踪应用程序)n the kid's phne.
At first, this made my sister-in-law “feel better”. Then the gd situatin suddenly ended. She recalled, “I fund ut that she was smeplace that she said she wasn't. I went ut in the middle f the night and fund her walking withut shes in the middle f the street with sme friends. " Things went quickly dwnhill fr the mther and the daughter after that.
With 73 % f teens having their wn smart phnes nw, accrding t a 2015 Pew study, mre and mre f their parents are facing the questin: T watch r nt ?
Ana Hmayun, funder f Green Ivy Educatinal Cnsulting, has advised many parents and their kids abut this. "I've fund teens are mre acceptable t tracking apps when it is included as part f a family agreement t imprve safety than when it is placed as a secret tl t watch them,“ she said.
Mark Bell, a father f a teenage girl, said, “We dn't have tracking apps, but we have set sme grund rules that my daughter must fllw in exchange fr us prviding a smart phne,“ he said. Fr example, his daughter must “friend“ him n scial media s that he can read psts, and must share all passwrds.
When yu're trying t build trust, yu need t create an envirnment that encurages it. S, t win their trust, yu always need t be straight with yur children. "Parents must let children knw hw and when they'll be watching them,“ said Dctr Pauleh Weigle. If they're nt pen abut it, he warns, it can “greatly damage the parent and child relatinship”.
5. Why is the authr's sister-in-law and her daughter referred t in the first tw paragraphs?
A. The authr wants t give an example f the failure use f the tracking app.
B. The authr wants t intrduce he had mre cmmunicatin with her daughter.
C. The authr wants t say that she wasn't wrried abut her daughter any mre.
D. The authr wants t express he felt gd with knwing mre abut her daughter's activities.
6. What is prbably the majrity children's attitude twards tracking app in their phnes?
A. They dubt family agreements.
B. They dislike being watched secretly.
C. They are wrried abut nline safety.
D. They welcme the use f tracking apps.
7. Why is Ana Hmayun mentined in Paragraph 4?
A. T shw hw t use smart phne safely.
B. T teach hw t put tracking app n phnes.
C. T give sme suggestins n hw t make children accept it.
D. T tell the imprtance f being children's friends instead f tracking.
8. What shuld be dne befre using a tracking app accrding t Weigle?
A. Check the kid's phne.
B. Teach the kid hw t use it.
C. Advise the kid t use his phne less.
D. Discuss with the kids and have an agreement with them.
【答案】5. A 6. B 7. C 8. D
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讨论要不要在孩子手机上安装跟踪应用程序，以及如何使孩子接受跟踪应用程序。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Things went quickly dwnhill fr the mther and the daughter after that.（对母女俩来说，在那之后情况迅速每况愈下。）”可知，嫂子在侄女手机上安装跟踪装置这件事使她们母女俩的关系每况愈下。作者在前两段提到嫂子和侄女，是想列举出使用跟踪应用程序的失败的例子，故选A项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第四段“I've fund teens are mre acceptable t tracking apps when it is included as part f a family agreement t imprve safety than when it is placed as a secret tl t watch them（我已经发现当跟踪应用程序作为家庭协议的一部分，为了提高安全性，而不是作为监视他们的工具时，青少年们更易接受跟踪应用程序。）”可知，青少年们对手机上的跟踪应用程序的态度是：如果不是为了监视他们，那么他们更易接受。说明他们不喜欢被秘密监视，故选B项。
7. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Ana Hmayun, funder f Green Ivy Educatinal Cnsulting, has advised many parents and their kids abut this. “I've fund teens are mre acceptable t tracking apps when it is included as part f a family agreement t imprve safety than when it is placed as a secret tl t watch them, ”she said.（Ana Hmayun是常春藤教育咨询的创始人。她说：我已经发现当跟踪应用程序作为家庭协议的一部分，为了提高安全性，而不是作为监视他们的工具时，青少年们更易接受跟踪应用程序。）”可知，Ana Hmayun发现如果不是为了监视青少年们，那么他们更易接受跟踪应用程序。所以第四段提到Ana Hmayun的目的是对如何使孩子们接受跟踪应用程序这一问题给出建议，故选C项。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Parents must let children knw hw and when they'll be watching them（父母必须让孩子知道他们如何、在什么时候会监视他们。）”及“If they're nt pen abut it, he warns, it can “greatly damage the parent and child relatinship.（他警告说：如果他们不打开心扉，那会极大地损害父母与孩子之间的感情。）”可知，Weigle建议：在安装跟踪应用程序之前应该与孩子讨论商量，对孩子坦诚，与孩子达成一致，故选D项。
3
On Friday afternn when I picked Gabriel up frm schl, he came running twards me smiling widely. Straight away I nticed a gap n the bttm rw f his teeth. I felt my heart stp fr a mment. At first I thught perhaps he had had sme accident, such as falling dwn the stairs. Gabriel wasn't ld enugh t lse teeth, was he?!
Befre I managed t ask him, he shuted "Mummy! Mummy! I've lst a tth!” T my amazement, Gabriel appeared t be happy! ”Ww! When did that happen?" I asked. He thught fr a few secnds and tld me that he wasn't sure. He remembered eating a cake at lunchtime, and later when he checked in the mirrr, his tth was gne! N pain, n stressing and n wrries!
I admit I did feel a little emtinal. We fcused the early years n his teeth grwing, but nw Gabriel wuld lse all thse baby teeth and get adult nes! I tld Gabriel t write t the tth fairy （仙子）,wh wuld certainly visit, lcate the tth and leave a cin. Surely enugh, a shiny cin was under his pillw （枕头）n Saturday. When Gabriel brke the news t Daddy, we laughed abut the amunt f cash kids make ut f their teeth—a child usually has twenty teeth. A nice prfit!
I'm prud f Gabriel. He wasn't frightened r cnfused, althugh the missing tth may be in his stmach, which he thught was quite funny! Later I gt sme knwledge abut which teeth are likely t g at specific ages. Of curse, the ages aren't quite exact, but at least I knw where we're heading.
9. Hw did the authr feel at the sight f Gabriel's tth gap?
A. Angry.B. Anxius.C. Helpless.D. Disappinted.
10. When did Gabriel prbably lse his tth?
A. After schl.B. In class.
C. While falling dwn the stairs.D. While having lunch.
11. What can we knw frm paragraph 3?
A. Gabriel received 20 shiny cins.
B. The cuple made fun f Gabriel.
C. The writer accepted Gabriel's grwth.
D. The fairy visited Gabriel n Friday night.
12. What is the best title fr the text?
A. The Missing TthB. Fcus Less n Lss
C. A Letter t the Tth FairyD. Cash in n Teeth
【答案】9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述孩子掉了一颗乳牙，描写自己对待孩子成长的情绪变化。
9. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Straight away I nticed a gap n the bttm rw f his teeth. I felt my heart stp fr a mment. At first I thught perhaps he had had sme accident, such as falling dwn the stairs. Gabriel wasn't ld enugh t lse teeth, was he?!”（ 我立刻注意到他的牙齿下排有一个缺口。我感到我的心脏停止了一会儿。起初我以为他可能出了什么事故，比如从楼梯上摔下来。加布里埃尔还不到掉牙的年龄，是吗！）可知，作者发现孩子掉了颗牙，原来以为孩子不到掉牙的年龄，担心孩子是出了事故，心脏还紧张一会儿，所以推断作者当时心情焦虑。故选B项。
10. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“He remembered eating a cake at lunchtime, and later when he checked in the mirrr, his tth was gne!”（他记得午饭时吃了一块蛋糕，后来当他照镜子的时候，他的牙齿不见了！）可以推断，他是在吃午饭的时候掉的牙。故选D项。
11. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I admit I did feel a little emtinal. We fcused the early years n his teeth grwing, but nw Gabriel wuld lse all thse baby teeth and get adult nes!”（ 我承认我确实有点情绪激动。我们早年专注于他的牙齿生长，但现在Gabriel将失去所有的乳牙，长出成人的牙齿!）以及后文讲述的儿童换牙时期所做的一些事情，给牙仙子写信，告知爸爸等可知，作者一开始情绪紧张，到现在已经接受了Gabriel的成长。故选C项。
12. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者围绕着孩子掉的一颗牙，描写了自己的从情绪焦虑到接受孩子的成长，再到为孩子的成长而感到骄傲。所以，选项A“丢失的牙齿”点明主题，简明扼要，吸引读者，适合做标题。故选A项。
4
I was diagnsed(诊断)with cancer last June. Finding ut that I had breast cancer felt like I’d been lcked up in a prisn cell, but I later fund smething unexpected: freedm.
Tests and prcedures fllwed. Once the daily treatments started, I was tired ut. The tiredness that came with cancer was nt like any kind f tiredness I’d knwn befre.
Then the magic happened.
I started t realize that this life change had brught an unexpected gift. The usual pressures f life gave way t a different kind f stress, but it came with self-discvery. I d what I can and dn’t care abut the rest. With the disease, decisins cme mre easily, and things that I’d previusly weighted mre heavily n lnger matter as much. I dn’t need a perfect hme. What des matter nw is having family and friends and a husband wh can shulder this new respnsibility with me.
The dctr says my situatin is very gd and there’s a 91 percent chance that I’ll still be alive in 10 years. I lk frward t simple things like my garden this spring, and ging back t wrk when I’m healthy again. I’m als imagining the jy f getting my quiet and mdest life back. It’s inspiring and there are lts f peple there with me. And the prfessinals are really gd at what they d.
I used t wnder hw it wuld feel t be tld I had cancer. Sure, my first reactin was fear, panic, srrw, and anger. Then I fund my strength. The fear is still there, but t my amazement, I am handling it. “Yu gt this,” peple say encuragingly.
13. What des the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. She felt as if she had lst her freedm.
B. She was unable t walk ut f the cell.
C. Cancer gave her smething unexpected.
D. Cancer cst her the ability t mve freely.
14. We can knw frm the article that during her treatment, the authr ______
A. was t tired t bear the treatment any mre
B. fund that she culd handle the treatment easily
C. grew mre peaceful and valued her family mre
D. learned t be in a gd state and free f pressure
15. What is the authr’s attitude twards her future life?
A. Psitive.B. Hpeless.C. Dubtful.D. Cncerned.
【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A
【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者主要记叙了自己得了乳腺癌后生活产生的一些变化，在作者的治疗过程中，作者变得更加平静，更加重视她的家庭。开始对未来充满希望，也希望自己的经历可以激励他人。
13. 句意猜测题。根据后文but I later fund smething unexpected: freedm.可知，但后来我发现了意想不到的东西：自由。but表示转折，由此可知，当作者发现自己得了乳腺癌时，感觉就像被关在监狱里一样，觉得好像失去了自由，即划线句子意思为“她觉得好像失去了自由”。故选A。
14. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“With the disease, decisins cme mre easily, and things that I’d previusly weighted mre heavily n lnger matter as much. I dn’t need a perfect hme. What des matter nw is having family and friends and a husband wh can shulder this new respnsibility with me.有了这种病，做决定就容易多了，以前我认为很重要的事情也就不那么重要了。我不需要一个完美的家。现在重要的是有家人和朋友还有一个能和我一起承担这个新责任的丈夫。”由此判断出，在作者的治疗过程中，作者变得更加平静，更加重视她的家庭。故选C。
15. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中I lk frward t simple things like my garden this spring, and ging back t wrk when I’m healthy again. I’m als imagining the jy f getting my quiet and mdest life back.可知，我期待着一些简单的事情，比如今年春天我的花园，等我恢复健康后再回去工作。我也在想象回到我平静朴素的生活的快乐。由此可推知，作者对她未来的生活是积极的态度。故选A。
二、七选五
Chsing accmmdatin（住宿）is ne f the mst imprtant cnsideratins fr students wh study abrad. Drmitries（宿舍）, prvided by universities can be a gd chice. 16. Many freign families pen their hmes t students acrss the wrld. In a hmestay, students can bserve, learn and experience a new lifestyle and culture, while practicing English skills in a hme envirnment.
17. Students can even feel that they have fund a secnd family wh lves and cares fr them. Hsts may invlve their student guests in day-t-day family activities and als include them in scial gatherings, such as hliday celebratins r trips t lcal attractins.
Hmestay hsts can reflect the diversity（多样性）f the regin in which they live. They may be single parents, retired cuples r families with yung children. 18. Yu can check university hmestay prgrams, which will set certain standards fr hsts, including transprtatin, facilities and access t shared rms such as the kitchen and bathrm.
Althugh hmestays can be cnvenient, hst families are nt cmpletely respnsible fr students’ welfare. 19. Dn’t cunt n hsts t slve all f yur prblems. Als, remember that living in a hmestay will require an adjustment perid. There may be simple huse rules r guidelines abut internet usage, laundry, televisin viewing, meal times, cleanliness and mney matters. 20. Remember t be plite and respect the hst family’s different lifestyles.
A. They are ready t help students.
B. Students still need t be independent.
C. As guests, students always need t mind their manners.
D. Gd hmestay can help students learn freign culture.
E.Successful hmestay experiences can help ease hmesickness.
F.In additin t drmitries, hmestay is anther ppular chice.
G.They will cme frm different scial and cultural backgrunds.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了到国外学习时，学生们住在寄宿家庭的好处和应该注意的事项。
16. 根据上一句“Drmitries（宿舍）, prvided by universities can be a gd chice（大学提供的宿舍是一个好的选择）”可知，学生可以选择住在宿舍。根据第二段中的“Students can even feel that they have fund a secnd family（学生们甚至可以感觉到他们找到了第二个家庭）”、第三段中的“Hmestay hsts can reflect the diversity（多样性）f the regin in which they live.（寄宿家庭的主人可以反映他们所居住的地区的多样性）”、第四段中的“Yu can check university hmestay prgrams（你可以查看大学的寄宿家庭项目）”、第五段中的“Althugh hmestays can be cnvenient, hst families are nt cmpletely respnsible fr students’ welfare.（虽然寄宿家庭很方便，但是寄宿家庭并不完全负责学生的福利）”可知，下文介绍的是关于“hmestay（家庭寄宿）”的相关信息。该空引出下文，即引出hmestay这个话题。F选项（除了宿舍，寄宿家庭是另一个受欢迎的选择）符合语境。故选F。
17. 设空处为本段主旨句。根据空后的“Students can even feel that they have fund a secnd family wh lves and cares fr them. Hsts may invlve their student guests in day-t-day family activities and als include them in scial gatherings, such as hliday celebratins r trips t lcal attractins（学生们甚至可以感觉到他们找到了第二个爱他们、关心他们的家庭。主人可能会让他们的学生客人参与日常的家庭活动，也会让他们参加社交聚会，如节日庆祝活动或到当地景点旅游）”可知，空后介绍的是住在寄宿家庭的好处：学生在寄宿家庭可以感受到关爱。E选项（成功的寄宿家庭经历有助于缓解思乡之情）”符合语境，故选E。
18. 根据空前“Hmestay hsts can reflect the diversity（多样性）f the regin in which they live. They may be single parents, retired cuples r families with yung children.（寄宿家庭主人可以反映他们所居住的地区的多样性。他们可能是单亲父母、退休夫妇或有年幼子女的家庭。）可知，后文应该体现所居住地区的多样性。结合选项，G选项（他们将来自不同的社会和文化背景。）符合语境，选项中的different scial and cultural backgrunds对应上文的diversity。故选G。
19. 根据空后的“Dn’t cunt n hsts t slve all f yur prblems.（不要指望主人能解决你所有的问题。）”可知，该空应体现寄宿学生要独立。结合选项，B选项（学生们仍然需要独立）符合语境。故选B。
20. 根据空后的“Remember t be plite and respect the hst family’s different lifestyles.（记住要有礼貌，尊重寄宿家庭的不同生活方式。）”可知，该空应陈述寄宿学生要有礼貌。结合选项，C选项（作为客人，学生总是需要注意自己的礼貌。）符合语境，选项中的manners包括下文提到的be plite and respect the hst family’s different lifestyles.。故选C。
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is in yur daily life that yu always get int a situatin 21. yur parents cntrl hundreds f things fr yu when yu are 22. kid, such as the clthes yu wear, the fd yu eat, where yu g and whatever can keep yu 23. (cmfrt). It is a gd thing. Kids need this kind f prtectin and help because they are nt ld enugh t take care f 24. (they) and make decisins 25. (crrect). But with yu grwing lder, the part f being a teen is develping yur wn identity, which is different 26. parents’. Different 27. (attitude) twards events like parties are likely t cause arguments because yur parents will always be cncerned abut yu and keep yu safe, n matter hw ld yu are. As a result, yur parents felt it hard 28. (get) used t the new situatin withut 29. (knw) yur latest news. What kids shuld keep in mind is that in mst cases, yur parents can understand what yu are ging thrugh because they 30. (be) teens nce.
【答案】
21. where
22. a
23. cmfrtable
24. themselves
25. crrectly
26. frm
27. attitudes
28. t get
29. knwing
30. were
【解析】这是一篇议论文。父母为了保护孩子会控制孩子的很多方面，但是随着年龄的增长，父母与孩子之间就会为此产生争论，但是父母保护子女的想法没有改变过。
21. 考查定语从句。句意：正是在你的日常生活中，你总是陷入这样一种境地：当你还是个孩子的时候，父母为你控制着成百上千的事情，比如你穿的衣服、吃的食物、去哪里以及任何能让你感到舒服的事情。分析句子结构，设空处引导定语从句，先行词situatin在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句。故填where。
22. 考查冠词。句意见上一题。kid意为“孩子”，是可数名词。根据句意可知，此处表示“当你还是一个孩子的时候”是泛指，需要用不定冠词，且kid发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
23. 考查形容词。句意见第一题。使役动词keep要使用“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构，根据句意可知，此处表达“父母会做任何会让你感到舒服的事”，所以用形容词cmfrtable(舒服的)作宾语补足语。故填cmfrtable。
24. 考查反身代词。句意：孩子们需要这种保护和帮助，因为他们还不够大，不能照顾自己，不能做出正确的决定。在because引导的原因状语从句中，句子的主语和宾语一致，需用they对应的反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。
25. 考查副词。句意：孩子们需要这种保护和帮助，因为他们还不够大，不能照顾自己，不能做出正确的决定。此处修饰动词make，需用副词形式。故填crrectly。
26. 考查介词。句意：但随着年龄的增长，作为青少年的一部分就是发展自己的身份，这与父母的身份不同。固定短语“be different frm”意为“与……不同”。故填frm。
27. 考查名词单复数。句意：对聚会等事件的不同态度可能会导致争吵，因为无论你多大，你的父母都会一直关心你，保护你的安全。根据空格前的“sme”以及系动词are可知，此处用可数名词attitude的复数来作句子主语。故填attitudes。
28. 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，如果不知道你最新的消息，你的父母会觉得很难适应新的环境。当feel表“觉得、认为”含义时，使用“feel+it+adj+t d”这一结构。此处it是形式宾语，hard是宾语补足语，填入不定式t get作真正的宾语。故填t get。
29. 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。Withut为介词，后面需加动名词作宾语。故填knwing。
30. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：孩子们应该记住的是，在大多数情况下，你的父母可以理解你正在经历的事情，因为他们曾经是青少年。此处表示“父母曾经是青少年”，陈述过去的事实需用一般过去时，主语是they，谓语动词需用复数形式。故填were。
四、完形填空
1
“Mm, yu're always n the cmputer!” Laura cmplained.
“N, I'm nt,” I 31 .
“Every day I cme hme frm schl yu're wrking n the cmputer.”
“Well, at least I'm here 32 yu!”
My daughter was right. Day after day, in my hme ffice, I wuld stare int space as my 33 typed ut the thughts f a speaker r research cmpleted fr an article. It seemed that my wrk as a writer and speaker 34 my fingers t the keybard and my mind t valuable ideas. What Laura did nt 35 was that during her day away, I'd als be ding a lt f husewrk. It was nly arund three in the afternn that I'd 36 seat myself at my desk fr a few 37 mments f deep thught. Then she'd cme frm schl.
I was prud f myself n being available t my children. After all, I am a speaker n child behavir and parenting. But Laura's bservatin 38 my heart. In her eyes, I must have been a mm wh was 39 but unapprachable. I wuldn't make such an image befre her. My relatinship with my children is mre than any ther wrk.
“Laura,” I called, “cme here a minute.”
She wandered t my drway. I had decided t have her 40 me when I was t devted t wrk. I wanted her t have the pwer t let me knw when she thught I was cld.
After I explained my 41 and the fact that I chse hme ffice t be accessible t her and her sister, I ffered Laura the fllwing 42 .
“Whenever yu feel I'm ignring yu r yu need my 43 , I want yu t hug me.” I said. “just cme up and give me a little hug. That'll be ur signal that yu need me.”
Years later we still have that 44 sign. I've becme much mre sensitive t my daughters' cmings and gings. 45 she always gives me a little hug t remind me f the real reasn why I wrk at hme.
31. A. thughtB. refusedC. defendedD. agreed
32. A. frB. verC. againstD. after
33. A. feetB. handsC. eyesD. ears
34. A. addedB. turnedC. gaveD. cnnected
35. A. admitB. realizeC. believeD. recgnize
36. A. luckilyB. graduallyC. instantlyD. finally
37. A. preciusB. anxiusC. busyD. rare
38. A. filledB. brkeC. tuchedD. mended
39. A. suitableB. availableC. acceptableD. reasnable
40. A. warnB. persuadeC. encurageD. remind
41. A. patternB. dreamC. scheduleD. chice
42. A. prmiseB. chanceC. answerD. truth
43. A. helpB. attentinC. decisinD. advice
44. A. unknwnB. unexpectedC. unfinishedD. unspken
45. A. AndB. ButC. OrD. Yet
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D
45. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在发现自己和孩子们之间的相处出了问题之后，如何平衡工作和家庭之间的关系的故事。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不，我没有，”我辩解道。A. thught认为；B. refused拒绝；C. defended辩解；D. agreed同意。上文中作者的女儿劳拉抱怨作者总是在用电脑，而作者辩解道自己没有。故选C。
32. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：好吧，至少我是为了在这里陪着你！A. fr为了；B. ver越过；C. against反对；D. after在……之后。根据下文中的“the fact that I chse hme ffice t be accessible t her and her sister”可知，作者选择在家工作是为了孩子们。故选A。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：日复一日，在我的家庭办公室里，我会呆呆地凝视前方，用手打出一位演讲者的想法，或者完成一篇文章的研究。A. feet脚；B. hands手；C. eyes眼睛；D. ears耳朵。根据后文“typed ut the thughts f a speaker r research cmpleted fr an article”可知，是指用手打字。故选B。
34. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为作家和演说家，我的工作似乎把我的手指连接到键盘上，把我的头脑连接到有价值的想法上。A. added增加；B. turned转变；C. gave给予；D. cnnected连接。根据后文“my fingers t the keybard and my mind t valuable ideas”可知，作者要把自己的手指和键盘连接起来，把自己的思想和有价值的观点连接起来，“把……和……连接起来”，符合语境。故选D。
35. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：劳拉没有意识到的是，在她不在家的日子里，我也要做很多家务。A. admit承认；B. realize意识到；C. believe相信；D. recgnize识别。根据后文“was that during her day away, I'd als be ding a lt f husewrk”可知，劳拉没有意识到她不在家的日子，作者要做很多家务。故选B。
36. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：直到下午三点左右，我才终于坐到办公桌前，进行了几次宝贵的沉思。A. luckily幸运地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. instantly立即；D. finally终于。根据上文“It was nly arund three in the afternn”可知，作者在家忙到下午三点，才终于能坐到办公桌前。故选D。
37. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到下午三点左右，我才终于坐到办公桌前，进行了几次宝贵的沉思。A. precius宝贵的；B. anxius焦虑的；C. busy忙碌的；D. rare稀有的。根据上文可知，作者要忙着做很多家务，因此用来工作的时间就弥足珍贵了。故选A。
38. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但劳拉的观察触动了我的心。A. filled装满；B. brke打破；C. tuched触摸；D. mended修理。根据下文“my heart”以及作者的反思可知，劳拉的观察触动了作者的心。故选C。
39. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她眼中，我一定是一个随时能找到但又难以接近的母亲。A. suitable合适的；B. available可获得的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. reasnable合理的。根据上文“I was prud f myself n being available t my children.”可知，在劳拉的眼里，作者肯定是一个能找得到但是难以接近的妈妈。故选B。
40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定让她在我太专注于工作的时候提醒我。A. warn警告；B. persuade说服；C. encurage鼓励；D. remind提醒。结合后文“I wanted her t have the pwer t let me knw when she thught I was cld.”可知，作者决定让女儿在自己太专注于工作时提醒自己，以免女儿觉得自己冷漠。后文“she always gives me a little hug t remind me f the real reasn why I wrk at hme”也是提示。故选D。
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向劳拉解释了我的日程安排，并说明了我选择在家办公是为了让她和她姐姐能方便地出入，我向她做出了以下承诺。A. pattern模式；B. dream梦想；C. schedule计划；D. chice选择。根据上文“I had decided”可推知，作者已经下定决心做一些改变，这属于计划的内容。故选C。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向劳拉解释了我的日程安排，并说明了我选择在家办公是为了让她和她姐姐能方便地出入，我向她做出了以下承诺。A. prmise承诺；B. chance机会；C. answer答案；D. truth真理。根据后文“just cme up and give me a little hug. That'll be ur signal that yu need me.”可知，作者承诺孩子，当在孩子需要关注的时候可以通过拥抱作者来让作者知道。故选A。
43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“每当你觉得我在忽视你，或者你需要我的关注时，我希望你能拥抱我。”我说。A. help帮助；B. attentin注意力；C. decisin决定；D. advice建议。根据上文“I'm ignring yu r yu need my”可知，孩子需要作者的关注。故选B。
44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：若干年后，我们仍然有那无言的暗示。A. unknwn未知的；B. unexpected意外的；C. unfinished未完成的；D. unspken无言的。根据上文可知，拥抱是作者和孩子之间的信号，所以是“无言的”暗示。故选D。
45. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：她总是给我一个拥抱来提醒我为什么要在家工作。A. And并且；B. But但是；C. Or或者；D. Yet然而。上文提到作者对女儿更加敏感，后文提到女儿给作者拥抱来提醒作者在家工作的原因，上下文表示逻辑上的顺承关系，应用and。故选A。
2
With five naughty children in ur family, my husband Neal had many pet peeves (烦恼的事), but having t 46 his hairbrush each mrning ranked amng the 47 . Smetimes, he’d find it in the bys’ bathrm. Other times, 48 , it wuld be in the girls’ ty bx. On rare ccasins, he might find it where it 49 in his bathrm drawer (抽屉).
While 50 ur lcal hme imprvement stre, he suddenly gt an idea t 51 this hide-and-seek rutine with his hairbrush and came back with a bag. While cking supper, I heard banging and drilling nises in ur bathrm. 52 , he called me t see his creative 53 . He had chained his hairbrush t the wall. T my 54 , he drilled a hle damaging my new wallpaper. It lked terrible, but Neal’s mtt is: 55 is better than pretty.
His idea was wrking ut just as he 56 . Every mrning, the hairbrush was right there beside the sink.
At that time using gel (发胶) was ppular 57 bys. A few days after Neal 58 his hairbrush t the wall, I nticed my yungest sn William’s hair lked 59 . It didn’t much lk like gel, s I asked him. He 60 that he used the Vaseline(凡士林) gel he fund in ur bathrm. His blue eyes danced. 61 , he was s prud f himself. I tk great 62 t get that greasy (油腻的) stuff ut f my baby’s hair.
The next mrning, Neal 63 fr me. Running int the bathrm, I fund him, hairbrush in hand, lking a lt like William did the day befre. I burst int 64 . Chaining his hairbrush t the wall seemed right t Neal, but it led t 65 !
46. A. pick upB. search frC. take utD. thrw away
47. A. highestB. prestC. lwestD. best
48. A. thughB. hweverC. therefreD. but
49. A. belngedB. wanderedC. appearedD. survived
50. A. lking afterB. lking utC. lking thrughD. lking fr
51. A. fllwB. develpC. perfrmD. end
52. A. FinallyB. SlwlyC. GraduallyD. Immediately
53. A. chiceB. researchC. slutinD. challenge
54. A. excitementB. jyC. disappintmentD. satisfactin
55. A. valuableB. priceC. uniqueD. practical
56. A. bservedB. discveredC. plannedD. cntrlled
57. A. withB. tC. inD. by
58. A. appliedB. tiedC. transprtedD. mved
59. A. cuteB. strangeC. fashinableD. neat
60. A. requestedB. arguedC. advisedD. explained
61. A. FrtunatelyB. GenerallyC. AccidentallyD. Obviusly
62. A. trubleB. delightC. risksD. cmfrt
63. A. preparedB. reachedC. yelledD. waited
64. A. tearsB. laughterC. sweatD. cnfusin
65. A. disasterB. wealthC. pleasureD. reality
【答案】46. B 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. C 55. D 56. C 57. A 58. B 59. B
60. D 61. D 62. A 63. C 64. B 65. A
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者的丈夫因为孩子们经常将他的梳子藏起来而想了一个办法，将梳子钉在墙上后发生的趣事。
46. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我家有五个淘气的孩子，我的丈夫尼尔有很多烦恼的事情，首当其冲的是每天早上他必须到处找他的梳子。A. pick up 捡起；B. search fr 寻找；C. take ut拿出； D. thrw away扔掉。根据下文“Smetimes, he’d find it in the bys’ bathrm. Other times, hwever, it wuld be in the girls’ ty bx.···”可知，尼尔不得不到处寻找到他的梳子；find为关键词。故选B。
47. 考查形容词辨析。句意同上。A. highest最高的 ；B. prest 最差的；C. lwest 最低的；D. best最好的。分析句子“Neal had many pet peeves (烦恼的事), but having t search fr his hairbrush each mrning ranked amng the ···”可知，寻找梳子是这些烦恼的事情中排名最高的。故选A。
48. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：有时候，它会在男孩的浴盆里。但也有时候，它会在女孩的玩具盒里。A. thugh 虽然；B. hwever 然而；C. therefre因此； D. but但是。根据前文“Smetimes, he’d find it in the bys’ bathrm. Other times，”可知，有时候梳子在男孩浴盆里，但也有时候，它会在女孩的玩具盒里·，该处表示转折，且该空后有一个逗号，应用hwever。故选B。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在极少数情况下，他可能会发现它在它本应属于的浴室抽屉里。A. belnged属于······； B. wandered徘徊； C. appeared出现； D. survived生存。根据句意以及分析选项可知，该处意为梳子属于浴室抽屉里，那是它该在的地方。故选A。
50. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他在我们当地的家居装饰商店看的时候，他突然有了一个主意。A. lking after 照顾；B. lking ut当心； C. lking thrugh浏览；D. lking fr寻找。根据句意以及分析选项可知，该空意为浏览，指随便看看。故选C。
51. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他突然有了一个主意，用他的梳子结束了这个捉迷藏的程序，并且带了一个包回来。A. fllw跟从；B. develp发展；C. perfrm表演；D. end结束。根据上文尼尔找梳子的情节可知，他想结束这个孩子们藏他找的程序。故选D。
52. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他叫我看看他的创造性解决方案。A. Finally 最后；B. Slwly缓慢地； C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Immediately马上地。根据上文“While cking supper, I heard banging and drilling nises in ur bathrm.”可知，丈夫经过在浴室的一顿砰砰和钻孔操作之后，最后让作者看他的成果。故选A。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. chice选择； B. research研究； C. slutin解决方案； D. challenge挑战。根据上文“he suddenly gt an idea t end this hide-and-seek rutine with his hairbrush”可知，该空为上文提到的解决方案“idea”。故选C。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我失望的是，他在我的新墙纸上钻了一个洞。A. excitement兴奋； B. jy快乐； C. disappintment失望； D. satisfactin满意。根据下文“he drilled a hle damaging my new wallpaper. It lked terrible”可知，作者在看到丈夫在新墙纸上钻了一个洞之后，感到很失望。故选C。
55. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看起来很糟糕，但尼尔的座右铭是：实用比美观好。A. valuable有价值的； B. price价格； C. unique特别的； D. practical实用的。根据前文的转折词“but”以及该句的句意可知，丈夫很为物品的美观不重要，实用性最重要，能够解决孩子把梳子藏起来这个烦恼。故选D。
56. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的想法正如他计划的那样得到了实现。A. bserved 观察；B. discvered 发现；C. planned计划；D. cntrlled控制。根据选项以及该句句意可知，丈夫的想法按计划那样进行。故选C。
57. 考查固定搭配。句意：在当时，使用发胶很受男生的欢迎。根据固定短语“be ppular with受······欢迎”可知，该处应填with。故选A。
58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在尼尔把他的梳子绑在墙上的几天后，我注意到我的小儿子威廉的头发看起来很奇怪。A. applied申请，应用； B. tied系，绑；C. transprted运输；D. mved搬动。根据上文尼尔在墙上钻孔以及选项可知，该处应为把梳子绑在墙上。故选B。
59. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cute 可爱的；B. strange奇怪的；C. fashinable时尚的； D. neat整洁的。根据下文“It didn’t much lk like gel（它看起来不太像凝胶）”可知该空应为“奇怪的”。故选B。
60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，他用了放在我们的浴室凡士林凝胶。A. requested要求； B. argued争论； C. advised建议； D. explained解释。根据上文“ I asked him（我问了他）”以及下文小儿子的的回答可知，该处应为“解释”。故选D。
61. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，他为自己感到非常自豪。 A. Frtunately幸运地； B. Generally通常地； C. Accidentally意外地； D. Obviusly明显地。根据上文小儿子的解释以及“His blue eyes danced（他的蓝色眼睛在闪烁，表示一种自豪的神情）”，可知，该处意为明显地”。故选D。
62. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我费了好大的劲才把宝贝儿子头发上的油腻东西弄掉。 A. truble麻烦；B. delight喜悦；C. risks风险；D. cmfrt安慰。根据句中“get that greasy (油腻的) stuff ut f my baby’s hair.”以及选项得知，在宝贝儿子头发上的东西很难清理掉，该处应为“麻烦”。故选A。
63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，尼尔大声喊我。A. prepared准备； B. reached到达； C. yelled叫喊； D. waited等待。根据后文“I fund him, hairbrush in hand, lking a lt like William did the day befre.”可知，丈夫像前几天儿子那样把发胶梳到头发上，因此崩溃地叫喊。故选C。
64. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我突然大笑起来。A. tears眼泪； B. laughter大笑； C. sweat汗水； D. cnfusin混乱。根据上文“I fund him, hairbrush in hand, lking a lt like William did the day befre（丈夫像前几天儿子那样把发胶梳到头发上）”以及固定短语“burst int laughter（突然大笑）”，该处应为laughter，表示作者对丈夫的行为感到好笑。故选B。
65. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：把他的梳子绑在墙上对尼尔来说似乎是正确的，但却导致了灾难!A. disaster灾难； B. wealth财富； C. pleasure快乐； D. reality现实。分析选项以及根据上文丈夫自以为想到了一个聪明的办法结束梳子捉迷藏游戏，没想到弄到自己一团糟；可知该空应填一负面意义的词。故选A。
肯定
psitive积极乐观的；ptimistic乐观的；supprtive支持的；hpeful有希望的；prmising有前途的；favurable赞许的
否定
negative否定的，消极的；disapprving 不赞成的；critical 批评的；unfavurable不赞同的
怀疑
suspicius可疑的，怀疑的；dubtful可疑的
客观
bjective客观的；neutral中立的；skeptical怀疑的