2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第26天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第26天，共23页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考二模)
Big Thinkers Series
The 2022 Big Thinkers Series frm New Scientist events features fur nline talks, cvering a wide range f tpics by wrld-class scientist speakers and experts. If yu are curius abut yur planet r yur universe, then this series is yur place t hear the latest research.
Save £20 ff the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket t all fur talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available n-demand) r purchase single tickets fr just £13 per lecture (available by early bking).
Reality+: Frm the Matrix t the Metaverse with David Chalmers
In this talk, philspher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse-style virtual wrlds experienced thrugh headsets are als genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.
What we dn’t knw abut gravity with Claudia de Rham
We are all familiar with the cncept f gravity. In this talk, Prfessr Claudia de Rham will explre hw much we actually knw abut gravity and hw much mre there is left t uncver.
A Brief Histry f Timekeeping with Chad Orzel
Frm Stnehenge t atmic clcks, here is the 5,000-year histry f hw science is used t mark time. Chad Orzel, the internatinally bestselling authr f Hw t Teach Quantum Physics t Yur Dg, ffers us a witty jurney thrugh scientific thery and quirky (反常的) histrical detail.
Physics at the End f the universe with Katie Mack
The Big Bang thery tells the stry f the beginning f the universe fr the last 13. 8 billin years. But hw des the stry end? Jin astrnmer Katie Mack as she shares what mdern astrphysics tells us abut the final fate f the universe.
1. Hw much des a series ticket cst?
A. £13.B. £20.C. £30.D. £32.
2. What will Chad Orzel lecture in?
A. The genuine reality.B. The secrets f gravity.
C. The histry f time marking.D. The final fate f the universe.
3. What d the fur talks have in cmmn?
A. They are all aimed at science lvers.B. They are all cncerned with gravity.
C. They will all be given by bestselling authrs.D. They will all be given by excellent physicians.
B
（2023·湖北襄阳·襄阳四中校考模拟预测）
Fr years, I rejected this part f myself, until I realized what I was missing.
I used t be prud f my suthern rigin. My wn vice reflected my family’s past and present, all suthern. While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and uneducated, ignrant and narrw-minded. In that awkward stage between teenager and adult, my accent was a symbl f everything I hated abut my life in the rural Suth.
The prcess f getting rid f my accent began in high schl with Gilmre Girls. After each episde, I’d stand befre a mirrr, practicing the characters’ lines in an effrt t speak like a “nrmal” white upper-middle-class girl. Eventually, I was successful at breaking dwn my tngue and rebuilding it. Every time I was asked where I was frm, I wuld say “near Memphis” r make an ambiguus statement abut my cuntry backgrund.
Nw I’m living in a big city with a respectable jb dwntwn. Every step I walk frm the train statin t the ffice seems victrius. Hwever, I’ve been pretending and I’m fed up with it. Occasinally my ld self escapes frm my lips when encuraged by an extra glass f whiskey, but I uncnsciusly g back t the safety f the unaccented minutes later, making me feel as if I’m a fraud — a girl wh frgets where she cmes frm. Then gradually I’ve becme kind f hmesick that leads me t put n the ld Highwmen recrd and dance arund, singing with all the accent s I’ve gt left.
My grandmther used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t yu frget where yu cme frm?” Memries are fading by time but this ne has remained impressed n my mind. S, I decide t mve back. I’m still searching fr what it means t be suthern, but nw I’m ding it with all the “y’alls”, and “ain’ts” I’ve kept back fr s lng.
4．Why did the authr decide t get rid f her suthern accent?
A．Because she hated the suthern rural life.B．Because it reflected her shameful past.
C．Because it made her laughed at by thers.D．Because she was misled by prejudice.
5．What’s the main idea f Paragraph 3?
A．The authr learnt the language well.B．The authr managed t rebuild her accent.
C．The authr made a white upper class girl.D．The authr finally succeeded in big cities.
6．What cntributed mst t the authr’s return t her suthern accent?
A．Her grandmther’s wrds.B．Her hmesickness.
C．Her bredm f pretending.D．Her ver-drinking.
7．What message des the passage want t cnvey?
A．Everyne has his dark secret.B．Gd helps thse wh help themselves.
C．There’s always a silver lining in the clud.D．Yu shuld never cmprmise wh yu are.
C
（2023·云南·师范大学附属中学高三试题）
Lately, it’s felt like technlgical change has entered an incredible speed. Cmpanies like OpenAI and Ggle have unveiled new Artificial Intelligence systems with incredible capabilities, making what nce seemed like science fictin an everyday reality. It’s an era that is raising big, existential questins fr us all, abut everything frm the future f human existence t the future f human wrk.
“Things are changing s fast,” says Erik Brynjlfssn, a leading, technlgy-fcused ecnmist based at Stanfrd University. As he ntes, this new wave f technlgical change lks like it culd be pretty different. Unlike befre, experienced and skilled wrkers benefited mstly frm AI technlgy. In this new wave, it’s the less experienced and less skilled wrkers wh benefit the mst. “And that might be helpful in terms f clsing sme f the inequality that previus technlgies actually prmted,” Brynjlfssn says. S ne benefit f intelligence machines is—maybe —they will imprve the knw-hw and smarts f lw perfrmers, thereby reducing inequality.
But it’s als pssible that AI culd lwer the prfit f the experienced, smart, r knwledgeable nes. AI culd reduce inequality by bringing the bttm up, and it culd als reduce inequality by bringing the tp and middle dwn.
Of curse, as Erik put, it’s als pssible that Al culd end up increasing inequality even mre. Fr ne, it culd make the Big AI cmpanies, which wn these pwerful new systems, wildly rich. It culd als empwer business wners t replace mre and mre wrkers with intelligent machines. And it culd kill jbs fr all but the best f the best in varius industries, wh keep their jbs because maybe they’re superstars r because maybe they have senirity.
The effects f AI, f curse, are still very much being studied-and these systems are evlving fast — s this is just an assumptin. This machine intelligence culd upend much f the previus thinking n which kinds f jbs will be affected by autmatin.
8．What d the underlined wrds “the knw-hw and smarts” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Experience and intelligence.B．Skills and ptential.
C．Abilities and experience.D．Outlk and talents.
9．Wh will gain mre in this new AI era?
A．The senir with high rank.B．The new with little experience.
C．The learned with great credit.D．The pr with practical skills.
10．Which statement will Erik prbably agree with?
A．The fast develpment f AI will prmte the divisin f inequality.
B．The best f all walks f life will survive the cmpetitin against AI systems.
C．Giant AI cmpanies will be the winner in the future wrld f new AI systems.
D．Lwer rank wrkers with little knwledge are bund t be abandned by emplyers.
11．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．The Fast Grwth f the WrldB．The Influence f the Inequality
C．The Impact f the AI SystemD．The Future f the AI Generatin
D
（2023·辽宁鞍山·统考二模）
We have lng been attracted by quick slutins that culd increase ur intelligence. Tday, peple’s hpes lie in brain training apps, sme f which claim t result in “smarter minds”. But is this quick slutin all it is said t be?
There are plenty f brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术), memry tests and lgic and pattern-matching prblems int quick games. Sme apps tell us that the mre yu play these mini-games, the smarter yu will get. It is really a big prmise.
Many f the apps say they are based n “science”, a claim I fund surprising as a frmer neurscientist (神经系统科学家). The cncept that increasing intelligence wuld be as simple as practicing a few mini-games every day flies in the face f what we have discvered abut hw humans think and learn.
After surveying thusands f users acrss a wide variety f apps, researchers at Western University in Canada discvered that brain training had n great effect n cgnitive (认知的) functining in the real wrld. The psitive effects that have been fund are limited t the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained n, such as the ability t memrize lists f wrds r numbers, r perfrm mental arithmetic, with little benefit t ther skills.
If yu are expecting them t imprve yur ability t write a nvel r make a cmplex cmputer prgram, I am afraid yu will want t lk elsewhere. Puzzle vide games such as “Baba Is Yu” and “Return f the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at lgic, memry and cncentratin in a far mre cmplex way than any brain training mini-game.
12．What des the authr say abut brain training apps?
A．They have scientific supprt.B．They wrk in the frm f games.
C．They require prblem-slving skills.D．They are based n cmplex arithmetic.
13．What des the underlined part “flies in the face f” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Ges int details f.B．Takes advantage f.
C．Ges against.D．Cmes frm.
14．Which best describes the effects that brain training apps have n memry?
A．Limited.B．Indirect.C．Damaging.D．Far-reaching.
15．What is the authr’s attitude t “Baba Is Yu”?
A．Dubtful. B．Intlerant.C．Uninterested.D．Favrable.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·浙江温州·统考一模）
A majrity f the peple d nt read the classics. Their reasns begin with the language being t difficult and end with the stryline t distant t the present cntext. Lve fr classics is bviusly nt at first sight. 16 We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually becme clse friends with private jkes between us. S hw des ne apprach a classic?
Dn’t be afraid t be cnfused.
We get it: it’s hard t pwer thrugh cnfusin. It desn’t feel great when a bk makes yu feel cnfused. Every reader has t start smewhere. 17 Instead, be prud f yurself fr trying, and get excited abut all the new things yu’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
18 Researching the authr-and the time and place they were writing abut-can help yu situate yurself during tricky passages. The authr’s experience, viewpint, and histrical cntext might help yu make the cnnectins yu might nt have therwise.
Just pick the bk up.
This step is self-explanatry. While it’s nt hard t just pick a bk up, we knw hw difficult it can be t cnvince yurself t d s. 19 Take a deep breath, then leap nt the deck (甲板) f Melville’s Pequd r step cautiusly thrugh the gates f Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is n right answer.
There is n perfect way t read a classic text. There is n defining interpretatin, n singular, exact answer. Yur gal as a reader is t discver what aspects and insights are meaningful t yu. Enjy the prcess. 20 Even if yur interpretatin f the wrk isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A．It is a gradual affair.
B．Allw the bk t grw with yu.
C．It has sme frm f histrical influence.
D．Befre yu turn t page ne, d sme digging.
E．Never beat yurself up fr nt knwing smething.
F．Remind yurself that it’s a new learning pprtunity.
G．Cnsider what cnfuses yu, read with intentin, and think critically.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·上海青浦·高三统考期末）
I’m pretty gd at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad relatinships, unpleasant wrkplaces, 1 sprts — I’ve hung n fr mnths and even years lnger than I shuld have, cnvinced the situatin wuld 2 if I refused t give up.
After all, isn’t every success stry littered with 3 ? Didn’t Beyncé lse Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired frm her first TV jb? Quitting is a sign that yu lack patience and strng will, r s I was raised t believe.
4 , if I lk back n all the things I eventually quit, my nly regret is that I didn’t d it sner. I’ve wasted immeasurable time and energy dragging my heels, determined that I culd 5 everyne if I just kept ging.
All f us are cnstantly making tricky chices between ging further int familiar territry and 6 t expand ur hrizns. This is knwn as the explratin-explitatin trade-ff. When we are yunger, it’s advantageus t g far n the side f explratin, trying lts f new things because we have plenty f time t 7 later. But as we age, it’s ften smarter t duble dwn.
Of curse, this desn’t mean yu shuldn’t quit smething just because yu’ve put a lt f time int it. Ecnmists call this the sunk cst fallacy (谬误): Peple are mre likely t 8 smething if they’ve invested a lt f mney r effrt int it, even when it’s clear that they shuld 9 their lsses and jump ship. This practice is nrmal and 10 , but it’s als unreasnable. If an activity r relatinship is making yu miserable, that’s imprtant infrmatin yu shuldn’t ignre.
If yu dn’t get energy ut f ding smething, it can be a(n) 11 that this is nt fr yu r that there’s smething better yu culd be ding. Or it culd be a sign that yu shuld 12 yur gals. Maybe yur ygurt startup might nt win ver investrs, but yu culd still make and sell ygurt at the farmers’ market n weekends.
In fact, dgged persistence in the face f energy-sucking disappintment can 13 depressin, and then make yu suffer frm diseases in the lng run.
But the gd news is that peple can learn t pay better attentin t these mments when they’re happening and make 14 . The art f quitting isn’t abut just letting g whenever there’s an bstacle. It’s abut being able t let g when there’s n 15 t success anymre.
1．A．engagingB．demandingC．inevitableD．leisure
2．A．wrsenB．ccurC．imprveD．cntinue
3．A．frustratinsB．determinatinsC．attemptsD．inspiratins
4．A．TherefreB．AdditinallyC．Fr exampleD．Hwever
5．A．amazeB．scareC．distressD．cmpliment
6．A．breaking upB．lking upC．standing upD．backing up
7．A．ventureB．specializeC．explreD．relax
8．A．benefit frmB．apprve fC．stick withD．withdraw frm
9．A．evaluateB．avidC．verlkD．cut
10．A．humanB．crazyC．sensibleD．tricky
11．A．indicatinB．desireC．ccasinD．recgnitin
12．A．accmplishB．upgradeC．mdifyD．maintain
13．A．preventB．triggerC．relieveD．cntract
14．A．researchesB．chicesC．changesD．reslutins
15．A．shrtcutB．barrierC．guaranteeD．pathway
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·河南省名校学术联盟高考信息卷&押题卷英语试题（三））
It is mre than six decades since the death f Lei Feng, a yung sldier wh shwed selfless 1 (devte) t duty, and yet the “Lei Feng Spirit” is still alive, 2 (inspire) a new generatin f Chinese peple.
Ye Zigui, deputy leader f the Lei Feng Squad (班) — the current name f the military unit in 3 the heric sldier served—is in n dubt that this spirit shuld 4 (pass) n t the next generatin.
This year marks 5 60th Lei Feng Day, an event aimed at celebrating the life and spirit f this yung sldier 6 (annual), wh devted his spare time and mney t helping the needy. He died in an accident in 1962 at the age f 22. In 1963, Chairman Ma Zedng called n the natin 7 (learn) frm Lei Feng, with psters put n display featuring Lei in his unifrm and a cttn hat, 8 he quickly became a public rle mdel with great appeal.
In the Lei Feng Squad, the 9 (imprtance) rle mdel f Chinese peple fr generatins can be seen everywhere; his statue, his phts and cpies f his diary are displayed in the rm. On the wall 10 (be) shining red characters that read, “The frmer squad leader is always with us.”
第【26】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍《新科学家》举办的2022年大思想家系列活动的四场在 线讲座。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Save £20 ff the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket t all fur talks in the Big Thinkers Series (available n-demand) r purchase single tickets fr just £13 per lecture (available by early bking).(购买“大思想家”系列所有四场演讲的系列票(可按需购买)或购买单场票价仅为13英镑(可提前预 订)，可以节省标准票价20英镑)”可知，单场的票价是13英镑，购买一个系列可以节约20英镑，因此买一 个系列的票价为：4×13-20=32（英镑）。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据A Brief Histry f Time keeping with Chad Orzel 部分的“Frm Stnehenge t atmic clcks, here is the 5, 000-year histry f hw science is used t mark time. Chad Orzel, the internatinally bestselling authr f Hw t Teach Quantum Physics t Yur Dg, ffers us a witty jurney thrugh scientific thery and quirky (反常的) histrical detail.(从巨石阵到原子钟，这是5000年来科学如何用来标记时间的历史。Chad Orzel 是国际畅销书《如何教你的狗量子物理》的作者，他通过科学理论和离奇的历史细节为我们提供了一段诙 谐的旅程)”可知，Chad Orzel的讲座是关于时间标记的历史。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“If yu are curius abut yur planet r yur universe, then this series is yur place t hear the latest research.(如果你对你的星球或宇宙感到好奇，那么这个系列是你听到最新研究的地方)”可知， 这四个讲座的共同之处是它们都是针对科学爱好者。故选A。
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的南方口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，决定找回自己的南方口音。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and uneducated, ignrant and narrw-minded. In that awkward stage between teenager and adult, my accent was a symbl f everything I hated abut my life in the rural Suth.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被视为没有文化、没有受过教育、无知和心胸狭窄。在青少年和成年人之间的尴尬阶段，我的口音象征着我讨厌的南方农村生活的一切)”可知，作者被别人对南方人的偏见误导，决定改掉自己的南方口音，故选D。
5．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“The prcess f getting rid f my accent began in high schl with Gilmre Girls. After each episde, I’d stand befre a mirrr, practicing the characters’ lines in an effrt t speak like a ‘nrmal’ white upper-middle-class girl. Eventually, I was successful at breaking dwn my tngue and rebuilding it.(摆脱口音的过程始于高中的Gilmre Girls。每集结束后，我都会站在镜子前，练习角色的台词，努力让自己说话像一个‘正常’的白人中上层女孩。最终，我成功地打破了我的说话方式并重建了起来)”可知，本段主要讲述作者花费很大力气去模仿Gilmre Girls剧中角色的台词，最后成功改掉了自己的南方口音，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hwever, I’ve been pretending and I’m fed up with it.(然而，我一直在假装，我受够了)”可知，作者受够了一直假装，决定找回自己的南方口音，故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合倒数第二段中“but I uncnsciusly g back t the safety f the unaccented minutes later, making me feel as if I’m a fraud — a girl wh frgets where she cmes frm.(这让我觉得自己好像是个骗子——一个忘记自己来自哪里的女孩)”和最后一段中“My grandmther used t tell me, ‘Girl, dn’t yu frget where yu cme frm?’ Memries are fading by time but this ne has remained impressed n my mind. S, I decide t mve back.(我的祖母曾经对我说：‘女孩，你不要忘记你来自哪里吗？’记忆随着时间的流逝而褪色，但这一件事却深深地印在我的脑海里。所以，我决定回来)”可知，文章主要讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，决定找回自己的南方口音，所以本文想要传达的是“永远不要妥协，做真实的自己”，故选D。
【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了经济学家Erik就OpenAI等新兴人工智能公司所触发的新人工智能对人类未来可能产生的影响的研究。
8. 词义猜测题。根据第二段“In this new wave, it’s the less experienced and less skilled wrkers wh benefit the mst.”（在这股新浪潮中，经验不足、技术含量较低的工人受益最大。）可知，智能机器的一个益处就是提升较低的工作表现者的经验和智力，从而推断出划线短语the knw-hw and smarts在句中意为“经验和智力”，和A项“经验和智力”意思相同。故选A项。
9. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In this new wave, it’s the less experienced and less skilled wrkers wh benefit the mst.”（在这股新浪潮中，经验不足、技术含量较低的工人受益最大。）可知，在新的人工智能时代受益最多的是经验不足的新人。故选B项。
10. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Of curse, as Erik put, it’s als pssible that Al culd end up increasing inequality even mre. Fr ne, it culd make the Big AI cmpanies, which wn these pwerful new systems, wildly rich.”(当然，正如Erik所说，人工智能最终也有可能进一步加剧不平等。首先，它可以让拥有这些强大新系统的大型人工智能公司变得非常富有。）可知，Erik赞同的观点是巨型人工智能公司将成为未来新人工智能系统世界的赢家。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“S ne benefit f intelligence machines is—maybe —they will imprve the knw-hw and smarts f lw perfrmers, thereby reducing inequality.”（因此，智能机器的一个好处是——也许——它们将提高低绩效者的专业知识和智慧，从而减少不平等。）及第三段“Of curse, as Erik put, it’s als pssible that Al culd end up increasing inequality even mre.”（当然，正如Erik所说，人工智能最终也有可能进一步加剧不平等。）及最后一段“The effects f AI, f curse, are still very much being studied-and these systems are evlving fast — s this is just an assumptin.”（当然，人工智能的影响仍在研究中，这些系统正在快速发展——所以这只是一个假设。）可知，本文主要通过人工智能对工作者和加剧了社会不平等两个方面讲述了人工智能的影响，C项“人工智能的影响”符合题意。故选C项。
【答案】12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了大脑训练应用程序在提高认知能力和智力方面的有效性，说明了虽然这些应用程序可以提高一些特定技能，例如算术和记忆能力，但对其他技能的益处有限，并且它们的整体有效性是值得怀疑的。作者还建议，解谜视频游戏可能提供了一种更复杂和有效的训练认知能力的方式。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There are plenty f brain training apps, but they all share the same characteristics: they turn mental exercises like simple arithmetic (算术), memry tests and lgic and pattern-matching prblems int quick games. (有很多大脑训练应用程序，但它们都有相后的特点：它们将简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑和模式匹配问题等心理练习变成了快速游戏。)”可知，脑力训练应用程序的共同点是：把简单的算术、记忆测试、逻辑匹配等脑力练习变成了快速游戏，它们以游戏的形式发挥作用。故选B项。
13．短语猜测题。根据第二段中“Sme apps tell us that the mre yu play these mini-games, the smarter yu will get. It is really a big prmise. (一些应用程序告诉我们，你玩这些迷你游戏越多，你就会变得越聪明。这真的是一个很大的承诺。)”可知，作者认为靠玩游戏变聪明是一个很大的承诺。结合第四段中“The psitive effects that have been fund are limited t the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained n, such as the ability t memrize lists f wrds r numbers, r perfrm mental arithmetic, with little benefit t ther skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，通过玩游戏进行的脑力训练对认知功能等其他技能没有好处，故可知这一很大的承诺并不能达成。因此，可推测作者认为脑力训练的理念违背了人类思考和学习的原理，并未达到预期效果。故可推测短语flies in the face f 意为“与……相反”故选C项。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段“The psitive effects that have been fund are limited t the very specific mini-games and tasks that users are trained n, such as the ability t memrize lists f wrds r numbers, r perfrm mental arithmetic, with little benefit t ther skills. (已经发现的积极影响仅限于非常特定的小游戏和用户接受训练的任务，比如记忆单词或数字列表的能力，或进行心算的能力，对其他技能几乎没有好处。)”可知，已知的脑力训练的积极影响仅限于非常特定的一些小游戏和训练任务，但对其他技能几乎没有好处。由此推知，脑力训练对记忆力的提高具有局限性。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Puzzle vide games such as “Baba Is Yu” and “Return f the Obra Dinn”, see players apply their skill at lgic, memry and cncentratin in a far mre cmplex way than any brain training mini-game. (益智电子游戏，如“Baba Is Yu”和“Return f the Obra Dinn”使玩家能够以比任何脑力训练迷你游戏复杂得多的方式运用他们的逻辑、记忆和注意力技巧。)”可知，作者认为“Baba Is Yu”和“Return f the Obra Dinn”这类益智游戏更能激发玩家在逻辑、记忆和注意力方面的能力，其复杂程度远超过任何脑力训练小游戏。由此推知，作者是对“Baba ls Yu”这类益智游戏持赞成态度。故选D项。
【答案】16．A 17．E 18．D 19．F 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何阅读经典书籍的方法。
16．根据上文“Lve fr classics is bviusly nt at first sight. (对经典的喜爱显然不是一见钟情)”及下文“We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually becme clse friends with private jkes between us. (我们开始是熟人，最终因为私下里的笑话而成为亲密的朋友)”可知，对经典的喜爱是一个循序渐进的过程。由此可知，A. It is a gradual affair. (这是一个循序渐进的过程)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
17．根据下文“Instead, be prud f yurself fr trying, and get excited abut all the new things yu’ll learn. (相反，你应该为自己的尝试感到自豪，并为你将学到的所有新事物感到兴奋)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系。由此可知，E. Never beat yurself up fr nt knwing smething. (永远不要因为不知道而责怪自己)能够与下文形成语义的转折，符合语境。故选E。
18．根据本段小标题“Research, research, research. (研究，研究，再研究)”可知，本段主要建议要做研究。由此可知，D. Befre yu turn t page ne, d sme digging. (在你翻到第一页之前，做一些调查)符合本段主旨，符合语境。故选D。
19．根据下文“Take a deep breath, then leap nt the deck (甲板) f Melville’s Pequd r step cautiusly thrugh the gates f Castle Dracula. (深吸一口气，然后跳上梅尔维尔的《裴廓德号》的甲板，或者小心翼翼地穿过德古拉城堡的大门)”可知，此处在讲述读书的具体做法。由此可知，F. Remind yurself that it’s a new learning pprtunity. (提醒自己这是一个新的学习机会)能够衔接下文，属于真正开始读书前的思想准备工作，符合语境。故选F。
20．根据上文“There is n perfect way t read a classic text. There is n defining interpretatin, n singular, exact answer. Yur gal as a reader is t discver what aspects and insights are meaningful t yu. Enjy the prcess.(阅读经典文本没有完美的方法。没有明确的解释，没有单一的、精确的答案。作为读者，你的目标是发现哪些方面和见解对你有意义。享受这个过程)”可知，阅读经典文本时，应用进行思考。由此可知，G. Cnsider what cnfuses yu, read with intentin, and think critically. (思考让你困惑的是什么，用心阅读，批判性思考)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论证如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失，及时停止，但他们还要坚持下去。作者告诉我们要学会调整目标，及时止损。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：糟糕的人际关系，令人不快的工作场所，苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年，比我应该坚持的时间更长，我确信如果我拒绝放弃，情况会有所改善。A. engaging有趣的；B. demanding要求高的，苛刻的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. leisure闲暇的 。根据上文的“Bad relatinships, unpleasant wrkplaces”可知，作者描述生活中的消极现象，所以是苛刻的运动。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：糟糕的人际关系，令人不快的工作场所，苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年，比我应该坚持的时间更长，我确信如果我拒绝放弃，情况会有所改善。A. wrsen恶化；B. ccur发生；C. imprve改善；D. cntinue继续。根据下文的“if I refused t give up”可知，作者认为如果不放弃，情况就会改善。故选C项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，不是每个成功的故事都充满了挫折吗？A. frustratins沮丧；挫败；B. determinatins决心；C. attempts尝试；D. inspiratins给与灵感的人或物。根据下文“Didn’t Beyncé lse Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired frm her first TV jb?”可知，成功都充满挫折。故选A项。
4．考查副词词义和短语辨析。句意：然而，如果我回顾我最终放弃的所有事情，我唯一的遗憾是我没有早点放弃。A. Therefre然而；B. Additinally另外；C. Fr example例如；D. Hwever然而。结合句意可知，本句与上文是转折关系。故选D项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拖着脚步浪费了不可估量的时间和精力，坚定地认为如果我继续前进，我会让所有人感到惊讶。A. amaze使惊讶；B. scare吓唬；C. distress使苦恼；D. cmpliment赞美。根据下文“if I just kept ging”可知，作者最初认为如果一直坚持，就会取得成功，会让每一个人吃惊。故选A项。
6．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都在不断做出艰难的选择，要么深入熟悉的领域，要么后退以扩大视野。A. breaking up关系破裂；B. lking up查阅；C. standing up起立；D. backing up后退。根据上文的“ging further ”可知，我们在前进和后退中做艰难的选择。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们年轻的时候，在探索方面走得更远，尝试很多新事物是有利的，因为我们以后有足够的时间去专门研究。A. venture冒险；B. specialize专门研究；C. explre探索；D. relax放松。根据上文的“When we are yunger, it’s advantageus t g far n the side f explratin, trying lts f new things ”可知，年轻时我们要多探索，因为之后我们有时间去专门研究。故选B项。
8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽，他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. benefit frm从……中受益；B. apprve f批准；C. stick with坚持；D. withdraw frm退出。根据上文“this desn’t mean yu shuldn’t quit smething just because yu’ve put a lt f time int it.”可知，人们因为自己投入的多，所以不愿放弃，更有可能会坚持下去。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽，他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. evaluate评价；B. avid避免；C. verlk忽视；D. cut削减。根据上文“Ecnmists call this the sunk cst fallacy”可知，人们应该减少损失，及时止损。故选D项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种做法是正常和人性化的，但也不合理。A. human人性化的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. sensible明智的；D. tricky棘手的。根据上文“Peple are mre likely t ____8_____ smething if they’ve invested a lt f mney r effrt int it, even when it’s clear that they shuld ____9_____ their lsses and jump ship ”可知，人们因为投入的多，所以不愿放弃，这是人之常情。故选A项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有从做某事中获得能量，这可能表明这不适合你，或者你可以做一些更好的事情。A. indicatin表明，暗示；B. desire欲望；C. ccasin场合；D. recgnitin识别。根据下文的“Or it culd be a sign that ”可知，这是一个暗示。故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者这可能是一个迹象，表明你应该修改你的目标。A. accmplish完成；B. upgrade升级；C. mdify修改；D. maintain保持。根据上文“If yu dn’t get energy ut f ding smething ”可知，如果你没有从做某事中获得能量，就应该去修改你的目标。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，面对消耗能量的失望，顽强的坚持会引发抑郁，从长远来看，还会让你患上疾病。A. prevent阻止；B. trigger触发；C. relieve解除；D. cntract缩小。根据下文“depressin, and then make yu suffer frm diseases in the lng run.”可知，这种坚持会引起抑郁，并节日导致疾病。故选B项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但好消息是，人们可以学会更好地关注这些正在发生的时刻，并做出改变。A. researches研究；B. chices选择；C.changes改变；D. reslutins决心。根据上文的“Or it culd be a sign that yu shuld ____12____ yur gals”可知，人们可以做出改变。故选C项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是在没有成功的通道时能够放手。A. shrtcut捷径；B. barrier障碍；C. guarantee保证；D. pathway途径。根据句意以及全文内容可知，在没有通向成功的道路时，人们应该学会放手。故选D项。
【答案】1．devtin 2．inspiring 3．which 4．be passed 5．the 6．annually 7．t learn 8．and 9．imprtant 10．are
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了雷锋精神的传承。
1．考查名词。句意：雷锋是一名无私奉献的青年军人，他去世已经60多年了，但“雷锋精神”仍然存在，激励着新一代中国人。根据前文wh shwed可知，此处应用其名词devtin(不可数)作宾语。故填devtin。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词，动词inspire和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语。故填inspiring。
3．考查定语从句。句意：叶子贵，雷锋队副队长认为，毫无疑问，这种精神应该传递给下一代，雷锋队是这位英勇战士所在部队的现名。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the military unit，指代事物，在介词in后作宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4．考查被动语态。句意：同上。在同位语从句中动词pass和主语this spirit之间是被动关系，故用其被动结构和shuld构成含情态动词的被动语态。故填be passed。
5．考查冠词。句意：今年是第60个雷锋日，一年一度的庆祝活动旨在纪念这位年轻士兵的生活和精神，他把业余时间和金钱都用于帮助有需要的人。序数词60th前应用定冠词。故填the。
6．考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词celebrating应用副词。故填annually。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：1963年，毛泽东主席号召全国人民向雷锋学习，张贴了身穿军装、头戴棉帽的雷锋宣传画，并使他迅速成为具有号召力的公众楷模。call n sb t d sth“号召某人干某事”是固定用法，不定式作宾补。故填t learn。
8．考查连词。句意：同上。后文he quickly became a public rle mdel with great appeal和前文是并列关系。故填and。
9．考查形容词。句意：在雷锋队，随处可见中国人民几代人的重要榜样；他的雕像，他的照片和他的日记副本陈列在房间里。修饰名词短语rle mdel应用形容词。故填imprtant。
10．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：墙上写着“前任班长永远和我们在一起”的红色大字。本句为倒装句，主语characters是复数，且描述现状，用一般现在时。主谓一致，故填are。