2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第15天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第15天，共24页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·湖北·校考模拟预测)
Filming Lcatins Yu Can Actually Visit
Mars (The Martian)
When yu search fr a lcatin t stand in fr the surface f anther wrld, The Wadi Rum Prtected Area in far suthern Jrdan is a gd place t start. With the impressive “vast and eching and Gd-like” landscape, it served as the backgrund f Matt Damn’s 18-mnth stay n the red planet in The Martian.
Jurassic Park
The Hawaiian islands were the lcatins fr sme f Jurassic Park’s mst memrable scenes. Kauai prvides the rugh castline and sme f the mst breathtaking features f the fictinal Isla Nublar, while the rlling hills f Oahu’s Kuala Ranch functin as the backgrund f the Gallimimus stampede (逃亡).
Hbbitn
Unlike the ther lcatins in this list, the Shire is a whlly artificial set, built n a sheep farm n New Zealand’s Nrth Island. Created fr Peter Jacksn’s big-screen adaptatin f Tlkien’s The Lrd f the Rings trilgy, Hbbitn began t draw curius fans shrtly after the release f the first film in the series. In time, what began as a temprary lcatin designed t hst a three-mnth mvie sht has evlved int a Tlkienesque theme park with ver 350,000 visitrs annually.
King’s Landing
The HBO series Game f Thrnes brings t life the many lcatins f Gerge R.R. Martin’s fantasy wrld, but the cnflict f sex, swrds, and trickery reaches its peak in the capital f King’s Landing. The “real” capital f Westers can be fund in Dubrvnik, Cratia. The city’s 16th-century frtress walls verlk Blackwater Bay, while the parks, avenues, and alleys f the ld city have witnessed the triumphs and tragedies f Huse Lannister.
1. Which f the fur lcatins shuld yu visit if yu are a big fan f Tlkien?
A. Mars (The Martian).B. Jurassic Park.C. Hbbitn.D. King’s Landing.
2. What d the mvie lcatins Mars and Jurassic Park have in cmmn?
A. They are bth n the cast.B. They demnstrate magnificent views.
C. They can represent anther wrld.D. They are set fr nly ne film.
3. What can visitrs d in King’s Landing?
A. See ancient frtress walls.B. Play rles in Game f Thrnes.
C. Visit Gerge R.R. Martin.D. Experience the triumphs and tragedies.
B
(2023·湖北·校考模拟预测)
I truly believe we all have a very special purpse in life, regardless f wh we are r where we cme frm. After ten years f wrking fr a majr Wall Street bank, I wanted t d smething challenging. S when I read a Merrill Lynch advertisement lking t hire mre stckbrkers (股票经纪人), with great excitement, I made sme phne calls and arranged t meet with ne f its branch vice presidents. After this interview and interviews with twelve f his tp stckbrkers, I eventually landed the jb.
The first few mnths was a struggle. I lived n very little cmmissin (佣金). Night after night, I left the ffice weary and exhausted, ready t give up, yet smehw returning the next mrning t start anew day. Eventually, all the hard wrk paid ff. In less than fur years, I became ne f the tp sales peple at my branch and increased persnal sales by 1,700 percent. The success earned me a six-figure incme, prmtin and numerus sales awards.
Tward the end f my furth year at Merrill Lynch, it hit me that smething was missing. I thught lng and hard abut my gals. Then I was reminded f the time when I spke t hundreds f peple, while in cllege as a student leader, and years later, when I wn a “Humrus Speech” champinship. It dawned n me that every time I had a speaking engagement, I always came ut f the experience with a wnderful, energetic, peaceful and magical feeling that was unmatched by anything else I did. I knew the extrardinary public-speaking skills I was blessed with culd enable me t make a lasting difference and transfrm ther peple’s lives.
Then I tk anther daring risk, gave up everything and left the investment business fr a mre satisfying career as a mtivatinal speaker. The beginning f my speaking jurney was surprisingly similar t what I had first experienced at Merrill Lynch. Hwever, nthing in the wrld cmes clse t the satisfying feeling I get when thusands f peple tell me hw much I have made a difference in their lives by mtivating them t take risks and be the best they culd be.
4. Why did the authr meet with a Merrill Lynch branch vice president?
A. T arrange an interview.B. T make an advertisement.
C. T emply mre clerks.D. T get a psitin.
5. Which f the fllwing best describes the authr accrding t paragraph 2?
A. Tlerant and ambitius.B. Demanding and successful.
C. Tugh and cmpetent.D. Optimistic and agreeable.
6. Why did the authr leave Merrill Lynch?
A. He hped t relive cllege life.B. He wanted t influence thers’ lives.
C. He had an engagement.D. His investment was nt satisfying.
7. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A. Speaking Makes a Satisfying JbB. Challenge Yur Career Chice
C. Hard Wrk Pays OffD. Dare t Take Risks
C
（2023·广东江门·校考开学考试）
Vide calls are a cmmn ccurrence, but have yu imagined being able t tuch the persn n the ther end f the line? Scientists are making this a reality.
Researchers at the University f New Suth Wales, Australia, have invented a sft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense f tuch. Haptic technlgy mimics (模仿) the experience f tuch by stimulating small areas f the skin in ways that are similar t what is felt in the real wrld, thrugh frce, vibratin (震动) r mtin.
Vibratin is the mst cmmn haptic technlgy tday and has been built int many electrnic devices, such as ne attached t the back f a trackpad (触控板) in laptps, which mimics a buttn clicking. Hwever, haptic feedback with vibratin becmes less sensitive when used cntinuusly. The existing technlgy als has great difficulty recreating the sense f tuch with bjects in virtual envirnments r lcated remtely, accrding t Mai Thanh Thai, lead authr f the study.
The new technlgy vercmes issues with existing haptic devices. The research team intrduced a nvel methd t recreate the sense f tuch thrugh sft, artificial “muscles”.
“Our three-way directinal skin stretch device, built int the fingertips f the wearable haptic glve we als created, is like wearing a secnd skin — it’s sft, stretchable and mimics the sense f tuch — and will enable new frms f haptic cmmunicatin t enhance everyday activities,” said Thanh Nh D, senir authr f the study.
It wrks like this: Imagine yu are at hme and yu call yur friend wh is in Australia. Yu wear a haptic glve with the SSDs and yur friend als wears a glve with integrated (集成的) 3D frce sensrs. If yur friend picks up an bject, it will physically press against yur friend’s fingers. And his/her glve with 3D frce sensrs will measure these interactins. The frce signals can be sent t yur glve s yur device will generate the same 3D frces, making yu experience the same sense f tuch as yur friend.
The haptic devices culd be applied in varius scenaris, allwing users t feel bjects inside a virtual wrld r at a distance. This culd be especially beneficial during such times like the COVID-19 pandemic when peple rely n vide calls t stay cnnected with lved nes. Or it culd be used in medical practices. Dctrs can feel a patient’s rgan tissues with surgical tls withut tuching them.
8．What’s the main purpse f the text?
A．T encurage the use f a new prduct.
B．T infrm readers f a new inventin.
C．T cmpare different haptic devices.
D．T intrduce the develpment f haptic technlgy.
9．What can we learn abut the SSD?
A．It mimics the sense f tuch thrugh a trackpad.
B．It mainly uses vibratin technlgy.
C．It takes the shape f a glve.
D．It makes virtual haptic cmmunicatin pssible.
10．What des Paragraph 6 mainly talk abut?
A．The advantages f the new haptic glve.
B．The applicatins f the new haptic technlgy.
C．An explanatin f hw the haptic device wrks.
D．A persnal experience f using SSDs during a vide call.
11．Hw culd the new haptic device benefit peple?
A．It culd replace vide calls as a way t cmmunicate.
B．it culd be used fr recreating rgan tissues.
C．Dctrs culd perfrm surgeries at nce.
D．Users culd feel remte bjects in a realistic way.
D
（2023·辽宁抚顺·校联考二模）
An Israeli law banning t skinny mdels went int effect with the start f 2013. The law, apprved last March in Israel, requires mdels t prve they have maintained a Bdy Mass Index (BMI) f at least 18.5 fr three mnths befre a fashin shw. That means a wman wh is 68 inches tall can weigh n less than 119 punds.
“This law is anther step in the war against eating disrders,” said physician Adatt. “Underweight mdels,” he explained, “can n lnger serve as rle mdels fr inncent yung peple wh cpy their false image f being skinny.”
But sme critics in this cuntry say it is misguided, fcusing n weight instead f health. They als say the Israeli ban is bund t fail because f the strng pwer f the fashin industry. “I think it’s an apprach that isn’t ging t wrk.” said eating disrder expert Susan Ice, wh wrked with an rganizatin which creates a healthy wrking envirnment fr mdels.
But Adatt tld the reprter that he began t cncern the issue after meeting an ambitius mdel wh lked like she needed t be hspitalized. He said. “I realized that nly legislatin(立法) can change the situatin. There was n time t waste; s many girls were dieting t death.”
Hwever, the effrts t regulate mdels’ weight in Spain and Italy have nt resulted in significant changes in part because f difficulties in determining reliable methds f measuring weight and health.
Still, flks including Ice say there’s n denying that images frm Hllywd and the fashin industry can be difficult fr yung wmen t deal with. “Certainly I dn't believe the mdeling industry has caused the rise in eating disrders, but it makes it harder,” she says. “It’s a difficult recvery envirnment, wrshiping thinness as the beauty ideal.”
12．One benefit the new Israeli law may bring is ______.
A．t change the wrking cnditins f mdels
B．t lwer the chance f skinny mdels’ death
C．t prvide guidance fr wmen wrshiping thinness
D．t prevent mdels frm suffering frm eating disrders
13．In the pinin f the critics, the law wn’t succeed because _______.
A．it misleads yung wmen t frm a bad eating habit
B．the fashin industry is much t influential
C．it desn’t create a healthy wrking envirnment fr mdels
D．it desn’t prvide a prper apprach that can wrk well
14．What caused Adatt t think that a law was needed t change the situatin?
A．Being interviewed by a reprter.
B．Establishing his fashin mdel agent.
C．Meeting an ambitius but t skinny mdel.
D．Seeing a mdel die frm eating disrders.
15．Accrding t the passage, the new Israeli law banning skinny mdels is _____ .
A．practicalB．cntrversial
C．acceptableD．reasnable
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·山东济南·山东师范大学附中校考模拟预测）
The pwer f psitive thinking
Is yur glass f milk half-full r half-empty? 16 D they fcus n the psitives (a half-full glass) r the negatives (a half-empty ne)? Thinking psitively, with a belief that mst things will turn ut well, is called ptimism — and it’s knwn t bst yur well-being. The gd news is that everybdy can learn t think mre psitively.
17
Research shws that peple wh are ptimistic and think psitively tend t experience less stress and cpe well when faced with life’s challenges. Peple wh are mre pessimistic (expect that the wrst will happen) may find it hard t believe that these challenges will pass.
Wrrying is like a fire alarm.
Everybdy can wrry frm time t time. Wrrying can help t keep yu safe — if yu were never wrried and were verly psitive abut hw things wuld turn ut, yu wuldn’t recgnize risks. “ 18 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychtherapist Rachel Melville-Thmas. “The truble is that smetimes it ges ff when there isn’t a huge danger t face.” When this happens, yu can feel anxius and hpeless abut what lies ahead.
Learn t think psitively.
Optimism is shaped by yur genes which carry characteristics inherited frm yur parents and by what happens t yu. 19 Research has shwn that it can help t draw r write an utcme that’s psitive-fr example, an image f yu playing guitar, having passed yur next grade. 20
A．Yur genes will in turn help btain it.
B．This questin makes yu lst in thught.
C．Why is thinking psitively gd fr yu?
D．Imagining this can mtivate yu t wrk t achieve it.
E．Wrrying is ur brain warning us f smething threatening.
F．Hwever, whatever yur starting pint is, everyne can learn it.
G．This saying is ften used t test peple’s utlk in a situatin.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·上海浦东·高三统考期末）
A skywell, r "tian jing", is a typical feature f a traditinal hme in China. 1 a nrthern Chinese curtyard, r “yuan zi”a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment. They are 2 seen in hmes dating t Ming and Qing dynasties, which were designed t 3 different generatins f relatives.
Althugh a skywell's size and design vary frm regin t regin, it is always rectangular and lcated in the Cre f a huse, either 4 by rms n fur sides r three sides plus a wall. Skywells were designed t cl buildings befre air-cnditining existed. When wind blws abve a skywell huse, it can enter the indr space thrugh the pening. Because utdr air is ften cler than indr air, the 5 breeze travels dwn the walls t the lwer streys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indr air, which rises and leaves thrugh the pening.
The main purpse f a skywell is t allw in light, imprve ventilatin (通风) and 7 rainwater. In Huizhu, a skywell is small but tall, and the rms arund it can 8 sunlight n ht days, enabling the bttm f the skywell t stay cl. 9 ht air inside the huse can rise and escape thrugh the pening abve the skywell, which“wrks just like a 10 ”
As a(n) 11 space between indr life and the utdr envirnment, a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)t shield residents frm the ht air utside. But the largest part f skywell's cling effect actually cmes when there are bdies f water in the enclsure.
Evaprated water cls ht air, a prcess knwn as evaprative cling which is 12 in Huizhu skywells. In the past, Huizhu families cllected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this culd safeguard and bst their wealth. Skywells therefre have channels arund them t 13 rainwater cming frm the rfs.
Thugh existing in China fr hundreds f years, in recent times they have ften been frgtten by peple wh prefer mdern 14 . Over the past tw decades, hwever, due t a 15 f traditinal Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a cmeback.
1．A．Parallel withB．Different frmC．Clse tD．Symblic f
2．A．cmmnlyB．rarelyC．apparentlyD．currently
3．A．bindB．gatherC．huseD．hnr
4．A．enclsedB．separatedC．accmpaniedD．replaced
5．A．calmingB．refreshingC．incmingD．upcming
6．A．pllutinB．pressureC．currentD．circulatin
7．A．prmiseB．harvestC．stpD．prcess
8．A．blck utB．bathe inC．allw frD．let ut
9．A．NeverthelessB．MeanwhileC．SimilarlyD．Rather
10．A．wellB．clumnC．chimneyD．ceiling
11．A．idealB．leisureC．alternativeD．transitin
12．A．well-reflectedB．well-shadedC．well-develpedD．well-rganized
13．A．cllectB．purifyC．drainD．evaprate
14．A．techniquesB．facilitiesC．stylesD．inventins
15．A．reuninB．reminderC．renewalD．rearrangement
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2024·安徽·皖南八校联考）
Anhui, an ancient and beautiful regin, began t prsper during the Tang (618—907) and Sng (960—1279) dynasties. In the times 1 the Grand Canal, a UNESCO Wrld Heritage site, directly cnnected Beijing in the nrth and Hangzhu in the suth, Anhui traders 2 (fan) ut acrss China. That’s why Anhui fd is nw amng China’s eight great cuisines.
Anhui cuisine ffers plenty f ther ptins and many dishes have interesting stries, fr example, chuguiyu. It is said that a certain businessman had made 3 frtune in Hangzhu, where he had first tasted a kind f fish that was sweet, fresh and had few tiny bnes. He 4 (immediate) thught f his elderly parents. He bught sme t bring t them. Hwever, the lng jurney tk its tll (毁坏) n the fish and when he finally reached hme, they were all 5 (smell). His mther, an ecnmical wman, decided t ck the fish nevertheless. T everyne’s surprise, the fish smelled bad 6 tasted very gd. These days, Anhui chefs deliberately allw the fish t reach certain 7 (ripe) befre cking it.
Anhui cuisine 8 (characterise) by its heavy use f il, deeply flavred sauces, and superir sups and stck. The main cking style is t braise (炖) r rast. Its chefs specialize 9 ingredients available lcally, such as fish, pigens, bamb shts, etc. Anhui flk als like t salt their wn meats like ham and prk, which ges int the pt with chicken and duck t prduce very deeply flavred sups. A ppular dish is salted meat n a bed f bamb shts 10 (steam) n a wden cutting bard. Unlike sme ther reginal cuisines, this is ne cking style that is very heavy n animal prtein and relatively light n the greens.
第【15】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是可以参观的电影拍摄地点的相关信息。
1. 细节理解题。根据Hbbitn部分的“CreatedfrPeter Jacksn’s big-screen adaptatin f Tlkien’s The Lrd f the Rings trilgy, Hbbitn began t draw curius fans shrtly after the release f the first film in the series. In time, what began as a temprary lcatin designed t hst a three-mnth mvie sht has evlved int a Tlkienesque theme park with ver 350,000 visitrs annually.(Hbbitn 是 Peter Jacksn根据 Tlkien的《指 环王》三部曲改编的电影，在该系列第一部上映后不久就吸引了好奇的粉丝。随着时间的推移，这个最初 用于举办为期三个月的电影拍摄的临时地点已经演变成一个托尔金式的主题公园，每年有超过35万游客。)” 可知，如果你是的忠实粉丝，你应该去Hbbitn，故选C。
2. 细节理解题。根据Mars (The Martian)部分的“With the impressive “vast and eching and Gd-like” landscape, it served as the backgrund f Matt Damn’s 18-mnth stay n the red planet in The Martian.(在《火星 救援》中，马特·达蒙在火星上停留了18个月，这里有着令人印象深刻的“辽阔、回声回荡、像上帝一样” 的景观。)”和Jurassic Park部分的“Kauai prvides the rugh castline and sme f the mst breathtaking features f the fictinal Isla Nublar, while the rlling hills f Oahu’s Kuala Ranch functin as the backgrund f the Gallimimus stampede (逃亡).(Kauai 提供了崎岖的海岸线和虚构的 Isla Nublar 的一些最令人惊叹的特征，而 Oahu 的Kuala Ranch 的起伏的山丘则是Gallimimus大逃亡的背景。)”可知，Mars和JurassicPark的拍摄地 的共同之处是它们展示了壮丽的景色。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据King’sLanding 部分的“Thecity’s 16th-century frtress walls verlk Blackwater Bay, while the parks, avenues, and alleys f the ld city have witnessed the triumphs and tragedies f Huse Lannister. (这座城市16世纪的堡垒城墙俯瞰着黑水湾，而老城的公园、大道和小巷见证了Lannister家族的胜利和悲 剧。)”可知，游客在King’sLanding可以看看古老的堡垒城墙。故选A。
【答案】4. D 5.C 6.B 7.D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者用自身经历告诉我们要敢于挑战、敢于冒险。
4. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SwhenIreadaMerrillLynchadvertisement lking t hire mre stckbrkers (股票经纪人), with great excitement, I made sme phne calls and arranged t meet with ne f its branch vice presidents. After this interview and interviews with twelve f his tp stckbrkers, I eventually landed the jb.(因 此，当我看到美林公司招聘更多股票经纪人的广告时，我非常兴奋地打了几个电话，并安排与该公司的一 位分行副总裁会面。经过这次面试和他的12位顶级股票经纪人的面试，我最终得到了这份工作)”可知，作者与美林公司分行副总裁会面，是为了获得股票经纪人这个岗位。故选D项。
5. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thefirstfewmnthswas astruggle. I lived n very little cmmissin (佣金). Night after night, I left the ffice weary and exhausted, ready t give up, yet smehw returning the next mrning t start anew day. Eventually, all the hard wrk paid ff. In less than fur years, I became ne f the tp sales peple at my branch and increased persnal sales by 1,700 percent. The success earned me a six-figure incme, prmtin and numerus sales awards.(最初的几个月很艰难。我靠很少的佣金生活。一夜又一夜，我疲惫不堪 地离开办公室，准备放弃，但第二天早上又不知怎么地回来，开始新的一天。最终，所有的努力都得到了 回报。在不到四年的时间里，我成为了分公司最优秀的销售人员之一，个人销售额增长了1700%。这次成 功为我赢得了六位数的收入、晋升和无数的销售奖励)”可知，作者最初的几个月很艰难，只能靠很少的佣金 生活，但在不到四年的时间里，作者成为了分公司最优秀的销售人员之一。由此推知，作者虽然过得艰难， 但是也很有能力。故选C项。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句话“Iknewtheextrardinarypublic-speaking skills I was blessed with culd enable me t make a lasting difference and transfrm ther peple’s lives.(我知道我所拥有的非凡的公共演 讲技巧可以使我产生持久的影响，并改变别人的生活)”和第四段第一句话“ThenItkantherdaringrisk, gave up everything and left the investment business fr a mre satisfying career as a mtivatinal speaker.(然后，我 又冒了一次大胆的风险，放弃了一切，离开了投资行业，去做一名更令人满意的励志演说家)”可知，作者离 开美林公司，离开投资行业，去做一名励志演说家，是希望用自己的演讲技巧改变别人的生活，影响别人。 故选B项。
7. 主旨大意题。阅读文章，尤其是第一段第二句“After tenyearsfwrking fr a majr Wall Street bank, I wanted t d smething challenging. (在华尔街一家大银行工作了十年之后，我想做一些具有挑战性的事情)” 和最后一段第一句“Then I tk anther daring risk, gave up everything and left the investment business fr a mre satisfying career as a mtivatinal speaker. (然后，我又冒了一次大胆的风险，放弃了一切，离开了投资 行业，去做一名更令人满意的励志演说家)”可知，作者用自身经历告诉我们要敢于挑战，敢于冒险。由此可 知，D项“DaretTake Risks(敢于冒险)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D项。
【答案】8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家正在使视频通话能够触碰到电话另一端的人成为现实。这一项技术将会利用在方方面面，造福于人类。
8．推理判断题。第二段第一句“Researchers at the University f New Suth Wales, Australia, have invented a sft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic (触觉的) device that can recreate the sense f tuch.”提到，澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备，下文讲述了该设备的工作原理和应用，所以本文的目的是介绍一项发明。故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Scientists are making this a reality.”及第二段第一句“Researchers at the University f New Suth Wales, Australia, have invented a sft skin stretch device (SSD), a haptic(触觉的) device that can recreate the sense f tuch.(澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的研究人员发明了一种柔软皮肤拉伸设备(SSD)，这是一种可以重现触觉的触觉设备。)”可知，SSD可使虚拟触觉通信成为可能。故选D项。
10．段落大意题。根据第六段中“It wrks like this:”可知，这段主要是解释触觉设备的工作原理。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The haptic devices culd be applied in varius scenaris, allwing users t feel bjects inside a virtual wrld r at a distance.”可知，触觉设备可以应用在各种场景中，允许用户感受虚拟世界中的物体或者远距离的物体。故选D项。
【答案】12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在时尚产业中，年轻模特追求过度纤瘦唯美产生的社会问题。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段的“This law is anther step in the war against eating disrders,” said physician Adatt. 可知，新法能使模特免于饮食失调，故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段的They als say the Israeli ban is bund t fail because f the strng pwer f the fashin industry. 可知，时尚界的影响力太大了，因此禁令有可能失败，故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段的he began t cncern the issue after meeting an ambitius mdel wh lked like she needed t be hspitalized. 可知，在遇到一位看起来像需要住院治疗的雄心勃勃的模特后，他开始关注这个问题，故选C。
15．推理判断题。A. practical 实际的； B. cntrversial 有争议的； C. acceptable 可接受的； D. reasnable 合理的。由文章内容可知，以色列新法律（禁用过瘦的模特）是存在争议的，有支持者也有反对的，故选B。
【答案】16．G 17．C 18．E 19．F 20．D
【导语】本文是说明文。主要介绍了积极的思考带来的好处，以及怎么样学会积极的思考。
16．根据前文“Is yur glass f milk half-full r half-empty?(你的牛奶是半满的还是半空的?)”以及后文“D they fcus n the psitives (a half-full glass) r the negatives (a half-empty ne)?(他们关注的是积极的一面(半满的杯子)还是消极的一面(半空的杯子)?)”可知，空处应是对前一句的解释，前句是做什么用的，所以G项“This saying is ften used t test peple’s utlk in a situatin.(这句话经常被用来测试人们在某种情况下的看法)”符合文意，其中This saying指代前文那句话。故选G项。
17．分析设空，可知是本段的小标题，是对本段的概括，根据下文“Research shws that peple wh are ptimistic and think psitively tend t experience less stress and cpe well when faced with life’s challenges. Peple wh are mre pessimistic (expect that the wrst will happen) may find it hard t believe that these challenges will pass.(研究表明，乐观和积极思考的人在面对生活挑战时往往会经历更少的压力，并能很好地应对。更悲观的人(认为最坏的事情会发生)可能很难相信这些挑战会过去)”可知，本段主要讲述了，乐观和积极思考的好处，所以C项“Why is thinking psitively gd fr yu?(为什么积极思考对你有好处?)”符合文意。故选C项。
18．根据前文“Everybdy can wrry frm time t time. Wrrying can help t keep yu safe—if yu were never wrried and were verly psitive abut hw things wuld turn ut, yu wuldn’t recgnize risks.(每个人都会时不时地担心。担心可以帮助你保持安全——如果你从不担心，对事情的结果过于乐观，你就不会意识到风险)”可知，本段主要讲述了担心的好处，在根据本段小标题“Wrrying is like a fire alarm.(忧虑就像火警)”，可知E项“Wrrying is ur brain warning us f smething threatening.(担心是我们的大脑警告我们有危险。)”符合本段主题，其中Wrrying为同词复现。故选E项。
19．根据前文“Optimism is shaped by yur genes, which carry characteristics inherited frm yur parents, and by what happens t yu.(乐观是由你的基因塑造的，它带有从你父母那里遗传来的特征，也由你身上发生的事情决定)”以及后文“Research has shwn that it can help t draw r write an utcme that’s psitive —fr example, an image f yu playing guitar, having passed yur next grade. (研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果会有所帮助——例如，你弹吉他的画面，已经通过了下一个等级)”可知，F项“Hwever, whatever yur starting pint is, everyne can learn it.(然而，无论你的出发点是什么，每个人都可以学习它)”和前文构成转折关系，且和后文构成顺承关系。故选F项。
20．分析设空，谓语段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以根据前文“Research has shwn that it can help t draw r write an utcme that’s psitive-fr example, an image f yu playing guitar, having passed yur next grade.(研究表明，画或写一个积极的结果是有帮助的——比如，你弹吉他的画面，通过了下一个等级)”可知，前文讲述想象积极的结果是有帮助的，所以D项“Imagining this can mtivate yu t wrk t achieve it.(想象这个可以激励你致力于去实现它)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选D项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B `0．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了天井这一传统结构的起源和发展，阐述了天井的实际功能，并表明了在当今中国传统建筑恢复存在的背景下，天井又开始出现在人们视野当中。
1．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：与中国北方的庭院或“院子”不同，天井更小，更少暴露在户外环境中。A. Parallel with与……平行；B. Different frm与……不同；C. Clse t离……近；D. Symblic f……的象征。根据上文“A skywell, r "tian jing", is a typical feature f a traditinal hme in China.”以及下文“a skywell is smaller and less expsed t the utdr envirnment.”可知天井与北方庭院不同。故选B项。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲属而设计的。A. cmmnly通常地；B. rarely很少地；C. apparently明显地；D. currently目前。根据下文“Thugh existing in China fr hundreds f years, in recent times they have ften been frgtten by peple wh prefer mdern 14 .”可知天井在中国存在了数百年，进而可推知天井常见于明清时期的房屋中。故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们常见于明清时期的房屋中，这些房屋是为不同世代的亲属而设计的。A. bind结合；B. gather聚集；C. huse容纳D. hnr荣誉。根据下文“Because utdr air is ften cler than indr air, the 5 breeze travels dwn the walls t the lwer streys and create air 6 by replacing warmer indr air, which rises and leaves thrugh the pening.”可知有天井的房屋是有多层结构的，可推知房屋可容纳几代人。故选C项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管天井的大小和设计因地区而异，但它始终是矩形的，位于房屋的核心，要么由四面的房间包围，要么由三面加一堵墙包围。A. enclsed包围；B. separated分离；C. accmpanied伴随；D. replaced替代。根据下文“r three sides plus a wall”可知天井被四面包围。故选A项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，所以进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气来创造空气循环，室内空气通过开口上升和离开。A. calming令人冷静的；B. refreshing清新的；C. incming进来的；D. upcming即将到来的。根据前文“Because utdr air is ften cler than indr air”可知进来的是凉爽的风。故选C项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为室外空气通常比室内空气凉爽，所以进来的微风沿着墙壁传播到较低的楼层，并通过取代温暖的室内空气来创造空气循环，室内空气通过开口上升和离开。A. pllutin污染；B. pressure压力；C. current目前的；D. circulatin循环。根据前文“utdr air is ften cler than indr air”以及后文“replacing warmer indr air, which rises and leaves thrugh the pening.”可知凉爽的风进来，温暖的风出去，构成循环。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天井的主要用途是采光，改善通风并收集雨水。A. prmise承诺；B. harvest收获；C. stp阻止；D. prcess处理。根据下文“In the past, Huizhu families cllected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this culd safeguard and bst their wealth.”可知天井的作用是可以收集雨水。故选B项。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在惠州，天井虽小但很高，周围的房间可以挡住在炎热日子里的阳光照射，使天井底部保持凉爽。A. blck ut封锁，遮挡；B. bathe in沐浴在……中；C. allw fr考虑到；D. let ut放出。根据下文“enabling the bttm f the skywell t stay cl”可知天井挡住阳光照射，因此使得天井底部保持凉爽。故选A项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，房子里的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口排出，天井“就像烟囱一样工作”。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Meanwhile同时；C. Similarly相似地；D. Rather相当地。根据下文“ht air inside the huse can rise and escape thrugh the pening abve the skywell”可知，天井阻挡阳光照射和凉热空气循环是同时进行的。故选B项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，房子里的热空气可以上升并通过天井上方的开口排出，天井“就像烟囱一样工作”。A. well井；B. clumn栏杆；C. chimney烟囱；D. ceiling天花板。根据前文“ht air inside the huse can rise and escape thrugh the pening abve the skywell”可知热空气上升通过天井排放，这种工作原理与烟囱相似。故选C项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为室内生活和室外环境之间的过渡空间，天井起到了有效的热缓冲作用以保护居民免受室外热空气的影响。A. ideal理想；B. leisure闲暇时光；C. alternative选择；D. transitin过渡。根据后文“a skywell acts as an effective heat buffer(缓冲)t shield residents frm the ht air utside”可知，天井是一个过渡空间，起到了缓冲作用保护居民免受室外热空气的影响。故选D项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：蒸发水冷却热空气，这一过程被称为蒸发冷却，得到了很好的反响。A. well-reflected反响良好的；B. well-shaded遮荫良好的；C. well-develped发展良好的；D. well-rganized组织良好的。根据后文“Over the past tw decades, hwever, due t a 15 f traditinal Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a cmeback.”可知天井建筑是收到良好反响的，正在卷土重来。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，天井周围有排水沟，用来排出屋顶的雨水。A. cllect收集；B. purify净化；C. drain排水； D. evaprate蒸发。根据前文“In the past, Huizhu families cllected rainwater in their skywells because they believed this culd safeguard and bst their wealth.”以及转折词hwever可知后句与前句构成对立关系，可推知现在不再收集雨水，而是将雨水排出。故选C项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管它们在中国已经存在了数百年，但近年来，它们经常被那些喜欢现代化设施的人遗忘。A. techniques技术；B. facilities设施；C. styles风格；D. inventins发明。根据后文“Over the past tw decades, hwever, due t a 15 f traditinal Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a cmeback.”可知天井正在卷土重来，以及前句“frgtten by peple wh prefer mdern 14 ”可知天井被喜欢现代化设施的人遗忘。故选B项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在过去的二十年里，由于中国传统建筑的更新，天井建筑正在卷土重来。A. reunin重聚；B. reminder提醒；C. renewal恢复；D. rearrangement重新安排。根据后文“skywell buildings have been making a cmeback”可知天井正在卷土重来，是因为过去二十年里，中国传统建筑开始恢复在人们视野当中了。故选C项。
【答案】1．when 2．fanned 3．a/his 4．immediately 5．smelly 6．but 7．ripeness 8．is characterized/is characterised 9．in 10．steamed
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徽菜，包括徽菜的历史渊源、特色风味和文化内涵。
1．考查定语从句。句意：在被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的大运河北连北京、南连杭州的时代，安徽商人遍布中国各地。这就是为什么徽菜现在是中国八大菜系之一。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the times”，在定语从句中担当时间状语，用when引导。故填when。
2．考查时态。句意：在被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的大运河北连北京、南连杭州的时代，安徽商人遍布中国各地。这就是为什么徽菜现在是中国八大菜系之一。考查本句谓语动词，根据定语从句的时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填fanned。
3．考查冠词或代词。句意：据说，有一个商人在杭州发了财，在那里他第一次尝到了一种鱼，又甜又鲜，而且骨头很少。短语：make a/ne’s frtune，意为“发财”，符合句意。故填a或his。
4．考查副词。句意：他立刻想到了年迈的父母。修饰动词短语 thught f担当句子的时间状语，用副词形式。故填immediately。
5．考查形容词。句意：然而，长途旅行使鱼受到了伤害，当他终于回到家时，鱼都臭了。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当本句表语。故填smelly。
6．考查连词。句意：令大家吃惊的是，鱼闻起来很难闻，但吃起来却很好吃。空前“smelled bad”和空后的“tasted very gd”之间为转折关系。故填but。
7．考查名词。句意：如今，安徽的厨师们故意让鱼在烹饪前达到一定的成熟度。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。故填ripeness。
8．考查谓语动词。句意：徽菜的特点是用油多，酱料浓，汤和高汤上乘。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“Anhui cuisine”，第三人称单数，和动词“characterize”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is characterized/is characterised。
9．考查固定搭配。句意：它的厨师专门使用当地可用的食材，如鱼、鸽子、竹笋等。固定搭配：specialize in，意为“专门……”，符合句意。故填in。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：一道很受欢迎的菜是把咸肉放在竹笋床上，竹笋在木制砧板上蒸熟。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a bed f bamb shts”和动词“steam”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填steamed。