2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第21天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第21天，共23页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·广东省江门市高三上学期调研测试）
Fur Peak District waterfall walks
The Peak District Natinal Park ffers beautiful scenery fr hiking. One exciting attractin is the regin’s waterfalls. We’ve picked ut fur f the mst breathtaking waterfall walks; visit just ne r tick ff all f them as yu discver the Peak District.
Kinder Dwnfall
If there’s ne Peak District waterfall that yu must visit, it’s this ne. Kinder Dwnfall is ne f the best Great British waterfalls, where yu can watch a 30-metrestream f water flwing frm an pen plateau at Kinder Scut. It’s best t schedule yur visit after heavy rain when the waterfall is really in full frce.
Lumsdale Falls
If yu feel like stepping back in time, take a trip t Lumsdale Falls. The area includes many 17th-century mill (磨坊) buildings which used t be pwered by the nearby rivers, and the ancient ruins create a timeless atmsphere in the beautiful Lumsdale Valley.
Padley Grge
The jurney t this waterfall has a charming, fairy-tale feel, making it perfect fr a fun day ut as a family. The walk is arund an hur each way, but there are plenty f picnic spts where yu can all refuel, as well as areas fr little feet t safely paddle in the chilly water.
Rivelin Valley
Make sure yu pack yur camera when yu visit this waterfall in the Rivel in Valley, as it’s ne f the mst picturesque spts in the Peak District. Fllw the nature trail thrugh the wdland where yu’ll find dams, reservirs, streams and a series f very pretty waterfalls.
1．Which f the fllwing best describes the atmsphere f Lumsdale Falls?
A．Rural.B．Histric.C．Family-friendly.D．Dangerus.
2．Which waterfall walk is recmmended fr phtgraphy enthusiasts?
A．Kinder Dwnfall.B．Lumsdale Falls.
C．Padley Grge.D．Rivelin Valley.
3．Where can the text be fund?
A．In a travel guide.B．In a news article.
C．In a histrical dcument.D．In a scientific jurnal.
B
（2023·河南开封·统考二模）
Rural Patagnia is famus fr its wnderful nature. A Ggle search fr “bicycle tur Patagnia” led my friend Rachel and me t the Carretera Austral: a 770-mile stretch f mstly unpaved highway. We packed ur bikes int hxes and flew t Puert Mntt, a prt city sme 650 miles suth f Santiag. Frm there, we cntinued suth fr several days and set ft n the Carretera.
It tk abut tw weeks t cycle the rute thrugh wild frests, windswept plains, and snw-capped muntains. On ur last full day alng the Carretera-and three days int a cnstant rainstrm-we fund urselves at a lss fr where t sleep. We were cld and wet.
We were still 30 miles frm Villa O’Higgins, which marked the end f the Carretera and the prmise f a ht shwer. Frm there, we’d ride abut 600 miles further alng smewhat better rads t Ushuaia.
There was n way we were ging t make O’Higgins by nightfall. We hadn’t passed a nice campsite in hurs. We’d just stpped beside a small stream when we sptted a cwby-lking man walking ut f the trees. And we saw that the stream led t a small huse. The man came t the rad. “D yu knw a dry place t camp?” Rachel asked.
The man invited us int his hme. We shared ht chclate and cnversatin in his warm, rugh kitchen. He brught ut an ld cpy f Patagn Jurnal, and we were amazed t see a pht f ur hst, Erasm Betancurt, n the cver. It turns ut that ur new friend was a well-knwn cwby-turned-activist wh had been an utspken ppnent f the damming(筑坝)f Patagnia＇s rivers. In recent decades, lcal farmers, fishermen, and cnservatinists have fiercely resisted the cnstructin f hydrelectric(使用水力发电的)dams n the regin＇s mighty rivers. Our adventure wuldn’t have been pssible if nt fr their fierce lve f this beautiful land and devtin t its prtectin.
The next mrning, we thanked ur hst and hit the rad. Is there anywhere n Earth s remte that ne cannt encunter humanity?
4．Where were the authr and Rachel headed the next day?
A．Ushuaia.B．Santiag.
C．Puert Mntt.D．Villa O’Higgins.
5．What was the majr prblem facing the authr and Rachel that night?
A．Where t find a dry campsite.
B．Hw t satisfy their hunger.
C．Hw t find their way in the frest.
D．Where t get sme drinking water.
6．What was Betancurt’s attitude t building hydrelectric dams n Patagnia’s rivers?
A．Supprtive.B．Disapprving.
C．Tlerant.D．Uncertain.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Dams n mighty rivers ruined ur adventure.
B．A bicycle tur f Patagnia revealed nature t us.
C．A cwby-turned-activist saved Patagnia’s rivers.
D．We encuntered kindness in ne f the wildest places n Earth.
C
（2023·湖北·高三统考一模）
Anne Lacatn and Jean-Philippe Vassal, this year’s winners f the mst famus award in architecture, are as surprised as anyne else. “Of curse, we are very pleased,” Lacatn said. She and her partner smiled bradly.
Putting aside their wearing eyeglasses, Lacatn and Vassal culd nt be mre different frm an earlier generatin f “architects”. Lacatn and Vassal apply a belief—never destry, never remve r replace, always add, transfrm, and reuse - t their wrk n ld urban buildings. Designs by Lacatn and Vassal have fcused n perfecting lw-incme husing cmplexes, beautifully and functinally, while respecting — rather than displacing- the peple wh live there.
“Buildings are beautiful when peple feel well in them,“ Lacatn explained. “When the light inside is beautiful and the air is pleasant, when the exchange with the utside seems easy and gentle, and when uses and sensatins are unexpected.” Vassal added, “There’s a lt f vilence in architecture. We try t be accurate. We try t wrk with kindness.” perfecting lw-incme husing cmplexes, beautifully and functinally, while respecting — rather than displacing- the peple wh live there.
When Lacatn and Vassal were asked t redesign a particularly large and ugly public husing building in Brdeaux in 2017, the residents tld them they did nt want t mve, even temprarily, but that they wanted bigger units. The slutin was t surrund the building with large utdr terraces (露天平台), adding sliding glass drs t each unit, and remaking the exterir frm cncrete t smething gleaming(闪光的), mdern and alive. Suddenly, everyne had rmy utdr space, sme f which was enclsed t be used during the winter as “winter gardens”.
“Their apprach f cst-effective, creative readaptin culd be a mdel fr urban planning in the U.S., where destructin’s been seen as a methd f slving the wrsening public husing in such cities as Chicag and St.Luis,” architecture prfessr Mabel 0. Wilsn says. “And granted, there’s a hst f ther issues as t why that happened. It’s nt the building. It’s the absence f scial services and lack f repair t buildings that made living in public husing impssible fr residents.
8．What des the secnd paragraph mainly talk abut Lacatn and Vassal?
A．Their husing standard.B．Their wrking principle.
C．Their living cnditins.D．Their wearing style.
9．What d Lacatn and Vassal seek t d in their architecture wrk?
A．Rebuild ld huses precisely.
B．Displace the settlers with great kindness.
C．Imprve rather than knck dwn ld buildings.
D．Extend space fr peple as much as pssible.
10．Why des the authr mentin the public husing building in Brdeaux?
A．T stress the imprtance f winter gardens.
B．T shw the vilence in tearing dwn buildings.
C．T reflect the cst f readapting huses.
D．T prve the pssibility f imprving ld huses.
11．Why d peple tend t knck dwn the wrsening public husing, accrding t Wilsn?
A．It saves the cst effectively.
B．It makes rm fr new creative buildings.
C．They lack awareness f scial services.
D．There is n need t repair these buildings.
D
（2023·四川雅安·高三雅安中学校联考期中）
Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later. Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.
A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years. The research has turned up a surprising list f materials that were mixed int ld buildings. They include tree bark, vlcanic ash, rice and beer. These unexpected materials can have the ability t get strnger ver time. Figuring ut hw t cpy these features can have real impacts tday. While sme f ur mdern cncrete has the strength t hld up very tall buildings and heavy structures, it cannt cmpete with the durability f these ancient materials.
Many scientists have turned t the Rmans. Starting arund 200 BC, the Rman Empire was building cncrete structures that have std the test f time. Even in places where seawater has been hitting structures fr ages, yu will find cncrete basically the way it was when it was pured 2,000 years ag. They think they have fund an imprtant reasn why sme Rman cncrete has held up structures fr thusands f years. That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks (裂缝) when they frm is the mst shcking fr them. Exactly hw is nt yet clear, but scientists are starting t find the reasns.
Tday’s builders cannt just cpy the ancient prcesses. Even thugh Rman cncrete lasted a lng time, it culdn’t hld up heavy buildings. Instead, researchers are trying t take sme f the ancient materials and add them int mdern mixes. Peple dn’t need t make things last quite as lng as the Rmans did. If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.
12. What were the mentined Rman and Chinese buildings bth used fr?
A. Travel.B. Defence.C. Sldier training.D. Seawater cntrl.
13. Which wrd can best describe the ancient buildings?
A. Lng-lasting.B. Energy-efficient.C. Delicate.D. Flexible.
14. What surprises the scientists mst abut the ancient building materials?
A. Their large cracks.B. Their clear cncrete.
C. Their internal structures.D. Their self-repairing ability.
15. What is the authr’s attitude t the future cncrete?
A. Tlerant.B. Expectant.C. Suspicius.D. Indifferent.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·河北省邯郸市高三第一次调研试题）
There’s n need t be ashamed abut dzing ff in class. It is actually a natural phenmenn. Studies have shwn that peple can nly stay cmpletely fcused n smething fr a maximum f 10 minutes. 16 Dzing ff during an imprtant activity r event n a regular basis can develp int a habit that yu might carry int ther areas f yur life.
Scientists have fund that aviding vereating befre class is ne f the mst effective ways t beat class sleepiness. Mst peple have experienced “fd cma (昏迷)” after eating a large meal. Eating t much results in a feeling f heaviness that uses up yur energy. This happens because the bdy releases chemicals that signal drwsiness after eating. 17
Carbhydrates (碳水化合物) release mre sertnin (血清素) frm the brain, which makes yu feel gd. 18 Basically, nt all fds have the same impact n yur bdy. While sme fds can increase yur energy, thers can make yu sleepy. Als, tasking yur bdy with digesting a large meal is exhausting. Eating large prtins — especially f unhealthy fds — will leave yur bdy with little energy t use elsewhere.
19 This gives yur bdy the pprtunity t digest smaller amunts f fd at a time, leaving yu feeling energized instead f tired after yur meals.
Als, avid heavy fds and chse healthy, balanced meals instead. 20 An example f a well-runded breakfast t have befre class wuld be a glass f milk, an egg and a salad cntaining at least three vegetables.
A．Finally, it helps deliver xygen t yur vital rgans.
B．Hwever, t much sertnin can lead t drwsiness.
C．Unfrtunately, mst classes last lnger than 10 minutes.
D．Falling asleep in class can cause pr academic perfrmance.
E．A healthy meal shuld include fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.
F．This is particularly true if yu eat a meal that is high in carbhydrates.
G．It is recmmended that yu keep a stable level f energy by eating smaller meals.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·湖北省武汉市（武汉六中）部分重点中学高三第二次联考）
Patrick, Scheels stre’s fishing manager, always helps custmers with their angling (垂钓) needs, but ne 1 std ut.
One day, a yung by named Xander entered the stre with his mther, Brynn. Patrick nticed his eye were filled with 2 abut the wrld f fishing. Fr nearly an hur, they 3 their shared passin.
Brynn shared the 4 f Xander’s cnnectin t angling, explaining, “My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never gt t g fishing with him. S ver the last year, he’s been 5 grandpa, wishing he culd g fishing with him.”
6 by Xander’s lnging fr a cnnectin t his late grandfather, Patrick decided t take actin and 7 Xander his first fishing ple. “It was sixty dllars and he bught it with his wn mney,” Xander said. This 8 gesture brught tears t Brynn’s eyes, and she acknwledged that such acts f kindness aren’t 9 .
Hwever, Patrick’s genersity didn’t 10 here. This fishing enthusiast went a step further by 11 a memrable fishing trip fr Xander and his family. T 12 that Xander had a fulfilling experience, tw prfessinal anglers frm Scheels 13 him n the trip, ffering guidance and teaching him valuable skills.
Patrick’s kindness was 14 a breath f fresh air fr Xander and his family, wh described the fishing trip as a nce-in-a-lifetime experience.“I felt like it was my 15 t pass n the gd wrd f fishing,” Patrick said.
1．A．argumentB．jurneyC．adventureD．encunter
2．A．curisityB．nervusnessC．cncernD．regret
3．A．identified withB．assciated withC．bnded verD．debated ver
4．A．wisdmB．definitinC．evidenceD．significance
5．A．murningB．missingC．admiringD．persuading
6．A．TuchedB．InspiredC．AmusedD．Surprised
7．A．madeB．lentC．shwedD．gifted
8．A．abruptB．strangeC．symblicD．genuine
9．A．practicalB．cmmnC．secureD．avidable
10．A．stpB．rtC．extendD．expand
11．A．arrangingB．pstpningC．appintingD．canceling
12．A．revealB．cmpensateC．ensureD．enquire
13．A．accmpaniedB．mnitredC．assessedD．funded
14．A．ultimatelyB．trulyC．initiallyD．sincerely
15．A．capabilityB．respnsibilityC．submissinD．admissin
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·河北石家庄·二中高三纵向评价试题）
The Shanxi Hngjianna Natinal Nature Reserve, with the Hngjianna Lake at its cre, is lcated in the nrth f Shanxi Prvince. With a ttal area f 107. 68 square kilmeters, this wetland is ne f the main 1 (habitat) fr Central Asian gull, a migratry bird species 2 (list) n the Internatinal Unin fr Cnservatin f Nature’s Red List f Threatened Species.
The Central Asian gull breeds (繁殖) inland in places including Kazakhstan, Mnglia and the 3 (nrth) part f China, spending their winters arund the Bhai Sea. In spring, they fly t desert lakes in Nrthwest China. Hwever, the envirnment arund Hngjianna Lake wrsened, 4 (cast) a shadw ver the species.
In 2010, 7, 700 baby gulls were bred within a year. Hwever, after 2012 the number f mid-lake islands 5 the gulls made their nests kept decreasing, leading t 6 number f the baby gulls drpping t 2,000. T prtect the envirnment, the Hngjianna Nature Reserve 7 (establish) in 2014.
S far, the Hngjianna Natinal Nature Reserve 8 (adpt) a series f measures t restre the eclgy, like river management and water quality mnitring and cntrl. Accrding 9 the data btained frm China’s Ministry f Eclgy and Envirnment, in 2017, there were nly dzens f gull nests. Yet in 2019, the nests increased t 800, and in 2022 10 (far) increased t 4,700.
第【21】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是四个山顶区瀑布步道的相关情况。
1．细节理解题。根据Lumsdale Falls部分的“The area includes many 17th-century mill (磨坊) buildings which used t be pwered by the nearby rivers, and the ancient ruins create a timeless atmsphere in the beautiful Lumsdale Valley.(该地区包括许多17世纪的磨坊建筑，这些建筑曾经由附近的河流提供动力，古老的废墟在美丽的Lumsdale山谷中营造了一种永恒的氛围。)”可知，Lumsdale瀑布的氛围是历史性的，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Rivelin Valley部分的“Make sure yu pack yur camera when yu visit this waterfall in the Rivel in Valley, as it’s ne f the mst picturesque spts in the Peak District.(当你在河谷里参观这个瀑布时，一定要带上相机，因为它是山顶区最风景如画的景点之一。)”可知，要对摄影爱好者推荐的是Rivelin Valley。故选D。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The Peak District Natinal Park ffers beautiful scenery fr hiking. One exciting attractin is the regin’s waterfalls. We’ve picked ut fur f the mst breathtaking waterfall walks; visit just ne r tick ff all f them as yu discver the Peak District.(山顶区国家公园为徒步旅行提供了美丽的风景。该地区的瀑布是一个令人兴奋的景点。我们挑选了四条最令人叹为观止的瀑布步道；当你发现山顶区时，只参观其中一个或勾选所有的景点。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是四个山顶区瀑布步道的相关情况，因此可以在旅游指南上发现这篇文章。故选A。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者和朋友去Carretera Austral的旅行的时得到了好心人的帮助。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“We packed ur bikes int hxes and flew t Puert Mntt, a prt city sme 650 miles suth f Santiag.”(我们把自行车打包装进了箱子里，飞往位于Santiag 南部约650英里的Puert Mntt。)可知，作者和朋友第二天去往Puert Mntt.。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“On ur last full day alng the Carretera-and three days int a cnstant rainstrm-we fund urselves at a lss fr where t sleep. We were cld and wet.”(在我们沿着the Carretera的最后一天，三天后到了一个多暴风雨的地方。在这里我们无处睡觉，我们又冷又湿)以及第四段“D yu knw a dry place t camp”(你知不知道我们可以在哪里找到露营的干燥的地方呢？)可知作者一行面临的主要问题是找一个干燥的营地。故选A。
6．判断推理题。根据第五段“It turns ut that ur new friend was a well-knwn cwby-turned-activist wh had been an utspken ppnent f the damming(筑坝)f Patagnia＇s rivers.”(结果，我们的新朋友是一个知名的牛仔，他是一个反对在Patagnia＇s rivers筑坝的积极分子。)可知Betancurt反对在Patagnia＇s rivers筑坝。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。整篇文章在讲作者和朋友在旅行期间得到了好心人的帮助。根据最后一段“The next mrning, we thanked ur hst and hit the rad. Is there anywhere n Earth s remte that ne cannt encunter humanity?”（第二天早上，我们向主人表示感谢，然后上路了。地球上有没有地方如此遥远以至于人们无法与人类相遇？）可知，短文的最佳标题为“我们在地球上最荒凉的地方之一遇到了善良”。故选D。
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．D 11．C
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了获得最负盛名建筑奖的Anne Lacatn 和 Jean-Philippe Vassal，以及他们的建筑理念。
8．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Lacatn and Vassal apply a belief—never destry, never remve r replace, always add, transfrm, and reuse - t their wrk n ld urban buildings. (拉卡顿和瓦塞尔在他们对旧城市建筑的研究中秉持着一种信念——永不破坏、永不移除或更换、始终添加、改造和重复使用。)”可知，第二段暗含了他俩的工作原则，故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段的“never destry, never remve r replace, always add, transfrm, and reuse(永不破坏，永不移除或替换，始终添加，转换和重用)”以及第三段的“There’s a lt f vilence in architecture. We try t be accurate. We try t wrk with kindness.(建筑中有很多暴力。我们尽量做到准确。我们努力用善意来工作。)”可知，他们在建筑工作中，更多的是改进，而不是拆掉建筑，故选C项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“The slutin was t surrund the building with large utdr terraces (露天平台), adding sliding glass drs t each unit, and remaking the exterir frm cncrete t smething gleaming(闪光的), mdern and alive.(解决方案是在建筑周围建造大型室外露台，为每个单元增加滑动玻璃门，并将混凝土外墙改造成闪闪发光、现代而有活力的东西。)”可知，通过描述 Lacatn 和 Vasss 对公共住房经过一些改进实现了修缮旧房屋的目的证明了改进老旧房屋的可能性。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It’s nt the building. It’s the absence f scial services and lack f repair t buildings that made living in public husing impssible fr residents.(不是建筑本身的问题，而是社会服务的缺失和建筑维修的缺乏，使得居民无法住在公共住房里。)”可知，Wilsn 认为人们拆掉旧房屋，是因为他们缺乏社会服务意识，故选C项。
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒的原因。
12. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Rman builders built thick cncrete sea barriers against waves. Mayan builders created great sculptures, and Chinese builders cnstructed walls against freign enemies.”（罗马的建造者建造了厚厚的混凝土防波堤。玛雅工匠创造了伟大的雕塑，中国工匠建造了抵御外敌的城墙。）可推知，罗马和中国的建筑都是用来起到防御作用的。故选B项。
13 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ancient builders acrss the wrld created structures that are still standing tday, thusands f years later.”（世界各地的古代建筑者所建造的建筑在几千年后的今天仍然屹立不倒。）以及第二段中“A grwing number f scientists have been studying materials since a lng time ag. They are breaking apart pieces f buildings and reading histrical texts hping t learn hw they have std fr thusands f years.”（长久以来，越来越多的科学家一直在研究材料。他们正在拆除建筑物的碎片，阅读历史文献，希望了解它们是如何屹立数千年的。）可推知，这些古建筑能够持久的存在。故选A项。
14. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“That the ancient materials have an unusual pwer t restre themselves and “cure” cracks when they frm is the mst shcking fr them.”（这些古老的材料具有一种不寻常的力量，可以在裂缝形成时自我修复和“治愈”裂缝，这对他们来说是最令人震惊的。）可知，古代建筑材料中最令科学家惊讶的是它们的自我修复能力。故选D项。
15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If we add 50 r 100 years t cncrete’s lifespan, we’ll surely require less pulling dwn, less maintenance and less material in the lng run.”（如果我们将混凝土的寿命延长50年或100年，从长远来看，我们肯定需要更少的拆除，更少的维护和更少的材料。）可推知，作者对未来混凝土的态度是期待的。故选B项。
【答案】16．C 17．D 18．F 19．G 20．E
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章分析了课上打瞌睡的原因并给出了解决这一问题的建议。
16．空格前的句子“Studies have shwn that peple can nly stay cmpletely fcused n smething fr a maximum f 10 minutes.（研究表明，人们完全专注于某件事的时间最多只能是10分钟）”是说人们完全专注于某件事的时间最多只能是10分钟。而C项“Unfrtunately, mst classes last lnger than 10 minutes.（不幸的是，大多数课程持续时间超过10分钟）”提到“大多数课程持续时间超过10分钟”。所以，C项和上文是顺接关系。故选C项。
17．空格前的句子“Eating t much results in a feeling f heaviness that uses up yur energy. This happens because the bdy releases chemicals that signal drwsiness after eating.（吃得太多会让你感到沉重，耗尽你的能量。这是因为进食后身体会释放出一些化学物质，发出困倦的信号）”提到吃得太多会耗尽你的能量，让你困倦，这当然会影响你的学习，所以D项“Falling asleep in class can cause pr academic perfrmance.（上课睡觉会导致学习成绩不佳）”和上文是因果关系，所以D项填入空格处符合题意。故选D项。
18．空格前的句子“Carbhydrates (碳水化合物) release mre sertnin (血清素) frm the brain, which makes yu feel gd.（碳水化合物从大脑中释放更多的血清素，这让你感觉良好）”提到碳水化合物的作用，它从大脑中释放更多的血清素让你感觉良好；F项“This is particularly true if yu eat a meal that is high in carbhydrates.（如果你吃了一顿碳水化合物含量高的饭，情况尤其如此）”中的“情况尤其如此”指的是上一句中的“让你感觉良好”，所以F项和上一句是顺接关系。故选F项。
19．由空格后的句子“This gives yur bdy the pprtunity t digest smaller amunts f fd at a time, leaving yu feeling energized instead f tired after yur meals.（这让你的身体有机会一次消化少量的食物，让你在饭后感到精力充沛而不是疲惫）”可知，空格处的句子应该提到“少量食物”，所以G项“It is recmmended that yu keep a stable level f energy by eating smaller meals.（建议你通过少吃多餐来保持稳定的能量水平）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。
20．空格前的句子“Als, avid heavy fds and chse healthy, balanced meals instead.（同时，避免吃油腻的食物，选择健康、均衡的膳食）”提到“健康、均衡的膳食”，所以空格处的句子应该进一步说明什么样的饮食是健康、均衡饮食。所以E项“A healthy meal shuld include fruit, vegetables and healthy fats.（健康的一餐应该包括水果、蔬菜和健康的脂肪）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。帕特里克是谢尔斯商店的钓鱼经理，他遇到了因为思念去世的爷爷而对钓鱼充满热情的赞德，帕特里克被赞德对爷爷的思念感动了，他把自己的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德，并为赞德和他的家人组织了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅，这让赞德和他的家人充满了感激。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克是谢尔斯商店的钓鱼经理，他总是帮助顾客满足他们的钓鱼需求，但有一次遇到了特别的问题。A. argument争论；B. jurney旅行；C. adventure冒险；D. encunter邂逅，偶遇。根据后文“One day, a yung by named Xander entered the stre with his mther, Brynn.”可知，此处是指一次“邂逅”非常特别。故选D。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克注意到他的眼睛里充满了对钓鱼世界的好奇。A. curisity好奇；B. nervusness紧张；C. cncern担忧；D. regret遗憾。根据后文“their shared passin”可知，此处是指他的眼睛里充满了对钓鱼世界的“好奇”。故选A。
3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在将近半个小时的时间里，他们因为共同的激情拉近了距离。A. identified with相同于；B. assciated with与…有关；C. bnded ver因共同经历或兴趣建立联系；D. debated ver对于……争论。根据“their shared passin”可知，此处是指因为共同的激情“建立了联系”。故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：布林分享了赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义，她解释说：“我的父亲是一名渔民，去年去世了，但赞德从来没有和他一起去钓鱼。所以在过去的一年里，他一直很想念爷爷，希望能和他一起去钓鱼。”A. wisdm智慧；B. definitin定义；C. evidence证据；D. significance意义。根据“My dad, a fisherman, passed away last year, but Xander never gt t g fishing with him.”可知，此处是指赞德与钓鱼的联系的“意义”——怀念爷爷。故选D。
5． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：布林分享了赞德与钓鱼的联系的意义，她解释说：“我的父亲是一名渔民，去年去世了，但赞德从来没有和他一起去钓鱼。所以在过去的一年里，他一直很想念爷爷，希望能和他一起去钓鱼。”A. murning哀悼；B. missing思念，想念；C. admiring钦佩；D. persuading劝说。根据“wishing he culd g fishing with him”可知，此处是指他一直很“想念”爷爷。故选B。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动，帕特里克决定采取行动，并将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。A. Tuched感动的；B. Inspired受到启发的；C. Amused愉悦的；D. Surprised惊讶的。根据“by Xander’s lnging fr a cnnectin t his late grandfather”和“Patrick decided t take actin”可知，此处是指被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所“感动”。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：被赞德渴望与已故祖父建立联系的愿望所感动，帕特里克决定采取行动，并将他的第一根鱼竿送给了赞德。A. made制作；B. lent借给；C. shwed展现；D. gifted赠送。根据后文“Patrick’s genersity”可知，此处是指将他的第一根鱼竿“赠送给”了赞德。故选D。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个真诚的举动让布琳热泪盈眶，她承认这样的善举并不常见。A. abrupt突然的；B. strange奇怪的；C. symblic象征的；D. genuine真诚的 。根据“brught tears t Brynn’s eyes”可知，此处是指这个“真诚的”举动。故选D。
9． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个真诚的举动让布琳热泪盈眶，她承认这样的善举并不常见。A. practical实际的；B. cmmn常见的；C. secure安全的；D. avidable可避免的。根据“she acknwleged that such acts f kindness”以及语境可知，此处是指她承认这样的善举（把自己第一根钓鱼竿送给赞德）并不“常见的”。故选B。
10． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，帕特里克的慷慨并不止于此。A. stp停止；B. rt生根；C. extend延伸；D. expand扩大。根据后文“This fishing enthusiast went a step further”可知，此处是指帕特里克的慷慨并不“停止”于此。故选A。
11． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位钓鱼爱好者更进一步，为赞德和他的家人安排了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅。A. arranging安排；B. pstpning推迟；C. appinting任命；D. canceling取消。根据“a memrable fishing trip fr Xander and his family”可知，此处是指为赞德和他的家人“安排”了一次难忘的钓鱼之旅。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确保赞德有一个充实的体验，两名来自Scheels的专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行，提供指导并教他宝贵的技能。A. reveal揭露；B. cmpensate补偿；C. ensure确保；D. enquire询问。根据“that Xander had an fulfilling experience”和“ffering guidance and teaching him valuable skills”可知，此处是指为了“确保”赞德有一个充实的体验。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了确保赞德有一个充实的体验，两名来自Scheels的专业垂钓者陪同他一起旅行，提供指导并教他宝贵的技能。A. accmpanied陪伴；B. mnitred监控；C. assessed评估；D. funded拨款给。根据“ffering guidance and teaching him valuable skills”可知，此处是指两名专业垂钓者“陪同”他一起旅行。故选A。
14． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说真的是一股清新的空气，他们把这次钓鱼之旅描述为一生一次的经历。A.ultimately最终地；B. truly真正地，完全地；C. initially起初地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据“wh described the fishing trip as a nce-in-a-lifetime”可知，此处是指帕特里克的好意对赞德和他的家人来说“真正地”是一股清新的空气。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕特里克说：“我觉得我有责任把钓鱼的好话传递下去。”。A. capability能力；B. respnsibility责任；C. submissin提交；D. admissin准许进入。由下文“pass n the gd wrd f fishing”可知，帕特里克认为，把钓鱼这门好的运动传递下去是他的“责任”，因为可以给他人带来积极的影响。故选B。
【答案】1．habitats 2．listed 3．nrthern 4．casting 5．where 6．the
7．was established 8．has adpted 9．t 10．further
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了为了保护红碱淖地区的鸟类，成立了红碱淖国家级自然保护区，采取了一系列恢复生态的措施，成功地保护了鸟类。
1．考查名词。句意：这片湿地总面积107平方公里，是中亚海鸥的主要栖息地之一，中亚海鸥是被列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录的候鸟。分析句子结构，“ne f + 复数名词”为固定结构，含义为：……其中之一，所以空白处应填复数名词，故填habitats。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语bird species之间为动宾关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填listed。
3．考查形容词。句意：中亚海鸥在哈萨克斯坦、蒙古和中国北部等内陆地区繁殖，在渤海周围过冬。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用形容词形式，故填nrthern。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，红碱淖湖周围的环境恶化，给该物种蒙上了阴影。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语the envirnment之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词，故填casting。
5．考查定语从句。句意：然而，2012年之后，海鸥筑巢的湖中岛屿数量不断减少，导致小海鸥的数量降至2000只。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，先行词是mid-lake islands，代替先行词在句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句，故填where。
6．考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，the number f为固定短语，含义为：……的数量，与句子表达的含义一致，故填the。
7．考查被动语态。句意：为了保护环境，红碱淖自然保护区于2014年成立。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，根据后面的时间状语in 2014可知句子表达的是一个过去的动作，应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was established。
8．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，红碱淖国家级自然保护区已经采取了一系列恢复生态的措施，如河流管理和水质监测与控制。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据上文时间状语s far可知，谓语动词应使用现在完成时形式，故填has adpted。
9．考查介词。句意：根据从中国生态环境部获得的数据，2017年，海鸥巢穴只有几十个。分析句子结构，accrding t为固定短语，含义为：根据……，与句子表达的含义一致，故填t。
10．考查副词比较级。句意：然而，在2019年，鸟巢数量增加到800个，2022年进一步增加到4700个。根据上文“in 2019, the nests increased t 800, and in 2022(2019年，鸟巢数量增加到800个，2022年)”可知，此处在进行比较，应使用副词的比较级形式且表示“进一步地”含义，故填further。