2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第6天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第6天，共24页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2024·浙江台州·高三上学期第一次教学质量评估）
Challenge curius yung minds frm 9 t 14 with Cricket Media’s cllectin f magazines. Whether yur child is a prmising pet r a future engineer, these award-winning, ad-free publicatins are made fr yur kids.
CRICKET® Magazine
CRICKET Magazine, ur flagship publicatin, is the wrld leader in prviding the highest-quality fictin and nnfictin t children frm 9 t 14. Since its premiere in 1973, CRICKET has delighted and entertained generatins f kids with cntemprary stries and classic literature frm the wrld’s best writers. ADD TO CART
COBBLESTONE® Magazine
COBBLESTONE knws histry desn’t have t be dull and dry. Filled with fascinating true stries f American histry, every page is a living, breathing guide t hw Americans lived frm the 1600s t tday. It takes kids n a jurney thrugh histry while exciting their imaginatins and bringing the past t life! ADD TO CART
FACES™ Magazine
FACES magazine takes yung readers arund the wrld and back t learn abut imprtant inventins and ideas frm ther cultures. Frm cmmn custms t rules f the rad, games t husing, FACES uses breathtaking phtgraphy and authentic lcal vices t bring the entire wrld right t yur kids. ADD TO CART
MUSE® Magazine
MUSE magazine is the arts and science magazine fr kids frm 9 t 14 wh want t knw hw t keep rbts frm taking ver the wrld r whether animals can think, accmpanied by high-quality illustratin and phtgraphy. Explre the wrld in a fun (and funny!) way with MUSE. ADD TO CART
1．In which magazine will yung readers prbably read fun-filled histry stries?
A．CRICKET® Magazine.B．COBBLESTONE™ Magazine.
C．FACES™ Magazine.D．MUSE® Magazine.
2．What d FACES™ Magazine and MUSE® Magazine have in cmmn?
A．They prvide high-quality fictins.B．They cver life in freign cuntries.
C．They are vividly illustrated with phts.D．They are packed with authentic lcal vices.
3．What is the text?
A．A science blg.B．A literature review.
C．An encyclpedia entry,D．A publicatin advertisement.
B
(2023·广东东莞·东莞中学校联考期中)
Mia, 12, is nw n a year-lng trip with her parents and three yunger brthers. Far frm their hme in Quebec, Canada, the family rde hrses in Mnglia, kayaked in Cambdia, camped in Namibia and flew in a ht air balln in Turkey, lking t cllect as many nce-in-a-lifetime memries as they culd.
The memries really matter because unless science makes a breakthrugh sn, three f the children will becme blind, likely in adulthd. They have been diagnsed with a disease that has n effective treatment and n specific timeline as it gradually rbs them f their sight.
The diagnses came in 2015. Despite the grief, the parents were surprised t find Mia, then 7, was calm abut it. She annunced that she wuld need t start keeping her bedrm especially neat, with everything in its place. “In the future, I’ll need t knw where things are,” Mia said.
“She’s finding slutins n her wn,” the parents tld each ther. “We need t fllw her lead.” And s the idea f a yearlng trip was brn, ne that wuld shw the kids the wrld, in persn and at clse range – while the kids culd still see it. Fr the next tw years, the parents saved mney and researched places t visit. “Hw we adults see the wrld and hw kids see the wrld are s different.” says the mther, Edith. “It wuld have t be less abut temples and museums and mre abut whatever caught their eyes.”
By the time the trip began t wind dwn in early 2023, the family had traveled 52,000 miles and visited 18 cuntries. Mia grew taller and when entering adlescence, needed mre independence. Her brthers became mre cnfident and utging. The kids were very aware that they had learned a lt. “There’s a lt f suffering, a lt f pverty, but lts f gd and interesting things t. We shuld be psitive.” said Mia.
4. What’s the prbable functin f the first paragraph?
A. T lead in the stry behind.B. T aruse the readers’ interest.
C. T prvide backgrund infrmatin.D. T infrm readers f a wnderful trip.
5. What can be inferred abut the parents frm paragraph 3 and 4?
A. They are ptimistic abut the children’s disease.
B. They are surprised at their daughter’s creative ideas.
C. They are prud f their daughter’s curage t face difficulties.
D. They are pen-minded enugh t respect their children’s decisin.
6. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The details abut the year-lng jurney.
B. The keen anticipatin f Mia abut the future.
C. The changes f the kids physically and mentally.
D. The impressin Mia had f what she had experienced.
7. Which is the best title f the stry?
A. Seeing is believing.B. Making the mst f the visin.
C. Man wh travels far knws mre.D. The eyes are the windw t the sul.
C
（2023·四川·统考模拟）
It’s becming increasingly vital fr individuals t cultivate strng critical thinking skills. Critical thinking invlves analyzing infrmatin and evidence in a clear, lgical, and unbiased way. It’s the ability t ask relevant questins, evaluate infrmatin, and cme t well-reasned cnclusins.
One f the key benefits f critical thinking is that it can help us make better decisins. By analyzing infrmatin carefully, we can avid making hasty r impulsive decisins that we may later regret. Instead, we can make well-infrmed chices that are backed by evidence and lgical reasning.
Critical thinking is als essential fr academic success. Cllege and university curses require students t read and analyze texts, synthesize infrmatin frm different surces, and present evidence-based arguments. Withut the ability t think critically, students may struggle t excel in their cursewrk and may be unable t engage in meaningful debates and discussins.
Mrever, strng critical thinking skills are necessary fr success in the wrkplace. Many emplyers lk fr individuals wh can prvide well-reasned slutins t cmplex prblems, think creatively, and make sund judgments. Critical thinking skills enable us t cnsider varius ptins and utcmes and weigh the prs and cns f each befre arriving at a decisin.
Finally, critical thinking is crucial fr participatin in civic life and demcracy. Infrmed citizens need t be able t evaluate infrmatin frm different surces and decide which surces are reliable. They need t be able t questin assumptins, separate fact frm pinin, and make well-reasned decisins when vting r participating in public debate.
Critical-thinking skills are essential fr success in many areas f life. They enable us t make better decisins, excel academically and prfessinally, and participate effectively in civic life. Therefre, it’s imprtant fr individuals t cultivate and develp these skills thrughut their lives.
8．Why are strng critical thinking skills essential fr academic success?
A．Because academic curses require students t memrize infrmatin frm different surces.
B．Because academic curses require students t engage in debates and discussins.
C．Because academic curses require students t analyze and synthesize infrmatin frm different surces and present evidence-based arguments.
D．Because academic curses require students t avid learning frm different surces.
9．Why are critical thinking skills necessary fr success in ffice?
A．Because emplyers need individuals wh supply evidence and reasning t arrive at cnclusins.
B．Because emplyers lk fr individuals wh can’t prvide well-reasned slutins t cmplex prblems.
C．Because emplyers want individuals wh can make right and impulsive decisins.
D．Because emplyers try t gain individuals wh prvide reasned slutins t prblems, think creatively, and s frth.
10．Why is critical thinking crucial fr participatin in civic life and demcracy?
A．Because it’s dispensable fr infrmed citizens t evaluate infrmatin frm different surces.
B．Because infrmed citizens need becme capable f questin-assumptins, separate fact frm pinin, etc.
C．Because civic life and demcracy d require individuals t be infrmed in advance.
D．Because infrmed citizens neglect evidence and prf when participating in public debate.
11．What’s the best title fr this passage?
A．The Imprtance f Exercise fr Academic Success
B．The Pwer f Psitive Thinking fr Wrkplace Success
C．The Significance f Critical Thinking Skills
D．The Art f Persuasin in Civic Life
D
（2023·河南·校联考一模）
A wrrying rise in scial media psts, suggesting that peple leave their Hallween pumpkins in the wds t feed wildlife after Octber 31, has made wildlife experts cncerned. Thusands f pumpkins are discarded in wds acrss Britain. While well-meaning pumpkin carvers might think they are ding the lcal animals grups a kindness, leaving yur leftver jack-’-lantern in the wdland is actually ding mre harm than gd.
“A myth seems t have built up that leaving pumpkins in wds helps wildlife, but behind it are many hidden issues.” said Paul Buntn, engagement and cmmunicatin fficer at The Wdland Trust, accrding t The Telegraph.
One f the main issues is that the leftver f the Hallween pumpkins are ften eaten by already struggling hedgehgs(刺猬). In early Nvember, hedgehgs are lking t gain as much weight as pssible t survive their winter hibernatin. Hwever, eating pumpkin is harmful t their little hedgehg stmachs, leading t diarrhea and dehydratin. This means they may struggle t put n weight, and in sme cases can even be fatal.
Mrever, leftver Hallween pumpkins can cntain candles and plastic decratins which can als be fatal t wildlife if mistakenly eaten. The rtting leftver can als attract less ppular wildlife, such as rats, t an area. Accrding t The Wdland Trust, the additinal nutrients in the pumpkins can negatively affect the sil balance as well. “Pumpkin flesh can have a really harmful effect n wdland sils,plants, and fungi(真菌),” Buntn pinted ut.
S what shuld yu d with yur beautifully carved pumpkin creatin after Octber 31? Mst experts recmmend cmpsting (堆肥) it yurself at hme if yu can, r asking if a lcal farm will accept it as a dnatin. Yu culd even try sme scientific experiments t prduce mre energy frm the thrw-away wasted. Either way, the hedgehgs will thank vu.
12．What des the underlined wrd “discarded” mean in paragraph 1?
A．Prcessed.B．Recycled.C．Deserted. D．Preserved.
13．Why d hedgehgs try t eat s many pumpkins in early Nvember?
A．T enjy the sweet fd.B．T fill their stmachs.
C．T prepare fr the winter.D．T imprve their health.
14．What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．The additinal nutrients in the leftver pumpkins.
B．The damages f candles and plastic in the pumpkins.
C．The attractin f the rtting leftvers t sme wildlife.
D．Further explanatin f the effect f leftver pumpkins.
15．What are peple advised t d with the leftver pumpkins after Hallween?.
A．Stp leaving yur pumpkins in the wds.
B．Keep yur beautiful pumpkin creatins at hme.
C．Feed the hedgehgs with the leftver pumpkins.
D．Bury the pumpkins leftver deep under the grund.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·吉林·统考模拟测试）
Hw t Turn Yur Dreams int a Reality
D yu have dreams, visins r plans abut things yu’d lve t have r achieve? Of curse yu d! We all d. Unfrtunately, dreaming is the easy part. 16 The gd news is that there are prven techniques that can get yu frm where yu are t where yu want t be. Fllw this prcess t bring yur dreams t fruitin (实现):
Turn yur dream int a gal.
When yu have a gal, yu have a true target. Fr a greater chance f success, yur plan shuld have a deadline and it must be measurable. 17 Give yurself the gift f setting a deadline and things will start t happen. Make yur gal as desirable as pssible withut being unrealistic. If yu feel that yur gal is unreasnable, it’s much mre difficult t encurage yurself t actually pursue it.
Priritize (优先化) yur gal daily.
18 Yu give instructins t yur brain thusands f times a day. Let yur mind knw that yur gal is smething mre imprtant than “I feel like eating a ham sandwich” r “I need t stp at the grcery stre n the way hme”.
19
Difficult gals can rarely be achieved alne; yu’re likely t need sme help and guidance. Lk at the list yu made and see what yu already have in yur life that culd help yu n yur path.
Track yur prgress.
Measure yur prgress each day. Use ld fashined paper and pencil r take advantage f the latest smartphne app. 20 Yu can nly adjust yur apprach if yu knw hw yu’re ding. Cnsider making a chart if that’s applicable t yur gal.
A．Read and write yur gal each day.
B．Make a list f negative assciatins.
C．Classify (将……分类) yur available resurces.
D．Tracking is critical t making cntinued prgress.
E．Turning thse dreams int a reality is the challenge.
F．It has been said that dreams are gals withut a deadline.
G．S make a list f all the negative stuff that slip int yur mind.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·河南郑州·宇华实验学校高三上学期1月期末）
My sn turned 14 and didn’t have a smartphne. He was the nly kid in his class withut ne. When he asked fr a phne, I 1 .
“Yu can chse t d things 2 when yu’re a parent.” I replied. But smetimes, I wndered if I was being t stubbrn (固执的) r unfair.
The mre I research, the mre cnfident I feel in my 3 . Many studies 4 the current mental health crisis amng teenagers t changes in hw they scialize, namely, the change frm in-persn t nline 5 .
But ther parents 6 my view, saying “He must feel s left ut!” Then there are the parents wh tell me with sadness that they regretted nt delaying their teenager’s phne 7 lnger than they did. They 8 me t hld ut.
If teenagers are truly spending abut 5 hurs n average per day n their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they nt ding? Kids 9 in their devices are missing ut n real life, which strikes me a lt.
I want my sn t have a 10 childhd, ne full f adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges. The simplest way t achieve these 11 is t delay giving him a smartphne.
Sme think my sn is missing ut r falling behind, but he is nt. He des well in schl, 12 with friends, and mves independently arund ur twn. He claimed he wuld give his wn 14-year-ld by a phne smeday, and I tld him that’s 13 . But recently, he admitted he 14 the beautiful scenery n a drive t a muntain because he had been s absrbed in his iPad.
If that is his 15 f admitting I’m right, I’ll take it.
1．A．agreedB．exclaimedC．refusedD．aplgized
2．A．gentlyB．differentlyC．desperatelyD．slightly
3．A．decisinB．cnversatinC．preferenceD．memry
4．A．treatB．linkC．limitD．slve
5．A．interactinB．paymentC．businessD．guidance
6．A．presentB．changeC．favrD．challenge
7．A．addictinB．membershipC．wnershipD．preference
8．A．requireB．frbidC．refuseD．supprt
9．A．skilledB．absrbedC．hiddenD．specialized
10．A．causalB．stableC．dramaticD．memrable
11．A．breakthrughs B．balancesC．galsD．milestnes
12．A．hangs utB．catches upC．shws ffD．settles dwn
13．A．sillyB．fineC．incredibleD．meaningful
14．A．missedB．appreciatedC．imaginedD．plluted
15．A．cmmitmentB．aimC．versinD．prmise
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2023·浙江·天台中学校联考阶段练习)
The pwer f Chinese emperrs rse and fell with their cntrl f the Grand Canal. Tday, this waterway is shrter than it was nce, 1 it is still the lngest man-made river in the wrld. 2 (imprtant), the Grand Canal cntinues t prvide a vital cultural and ecnmic link fr mdern China.
The riginal Canal system began arund the year 605, 3 China’s emperr Yang realized that he needed a better way t mve fd and feed his army, s the emperr rdered the cnstructin f the first sectin f the Grand Canal, 4 (cnnect) thse existing canals, lakes and rivers.
Fr mre than a thusand years, gds 5 (transprt) alng the Grand Canal. Even tday the cuntry’s watery highway plays an imprtant ecnmic rle in China. Bats cntinue t carry tns f cal, fd and ther gds 6 Hangzhu and Jining. Hwever, lcal gvernments eager t increase 7 (tur) and city develpment have trn dwn almst all f the lder canal-side buildings. In 2005 a grup f citizens prpsed that the histric Grand Canal be made 8 UNESCO wrld heritage site, hping this status wuld prtect bth the waterway and the architecture arund it. With UNESCO status fficially 9 (grant) in 2014, the wrld’s greatest engineering accmplishments cntinue t link nrth and suth China fr 10 (century) t cme.
第【6】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本适合9至14岁孩子看的杂志。
1．细节理解题。根据“COBBLESTONE™ Magazine”下面的“COBBLESTONE knws histry desn’t have t be dull and dry. Filled with fascinating true stries f American histry, every page is a living, breathing guide t hw Americans lived frm the 1600s t tday.(COBBLESTONE知道历史不一定是枯燥乏味的。每一页都充满了引人入胜的美国历史真实故事，是美国人从17世纪到今天生活的生动指南。)”可知，读者可能在COBBLESTONE™ Magazine上读到有趣的历史故事。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“FACES™ Magazine”下面的“Frm cmmn custms t rules f the rad, games t husing, FACES uses breathtaking phtgraphy and authentic lcal vices t bring the entire wrld right t yur kids.(从常见的习俗到道路规则，从游戏到住房，FACES使用令人惊叹的摄影和真实的当地声音，将整个世界带给你的孩子。)”和“MUSE® Magazine”下面的“MUSE magazine is the arts and science magazine fr kids frm 9 t 14 wh want t knw hw t keep rbts frm taking ver the wrld r whether animals can think, accmpanied by high-quality illustratin and phtgraphy.(MUSE杂志是一本艺术和科学杂志，面向9至14岁的孩子，他们想知道如何阻止机器人占领世界，或者动物是否会思考，并配以高质量的插图和摄影。)”可知，这两本杂志都用图片进行生动的说明。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文章开头的图和每个杂志介绍最后的“ADD TO CART(添加到购物车)”可推测出，本文应该是一则出版物广告。故选D。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Mia一家为了制造回忆，在孩子们失明前进行为期一年的旅行的故事。
4. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Far frm their hme in Quebec, Canada, the family rde hrses in Mnglia, kayaked in Cambdia, camped in Namibia and flew in a ht air balln in Turkey, lking t cllect as many nce-in-a-lifetime memries as they culd.(他们远离加拿大魁北克的家，在蒙古骑马，在柬埔寨划皮艇，在纳米比亚露营，在土耳其乘坐热气球，希望尽可能多地收集一生中一次的回忆。)”和第二段“The memries really matter because unless science makes a breakthrugh sn, three f the children will becme blind, likely in adulthd. They have been diagnsed with a disease that has n effective treatment and n specific timeline as it gradually rbs them f their sight.(这些记忆真的很重要，因为除非科学很快取得突破，否则其中三个孩子很可能会在成年后失明。他们被诊断出患有一种疾病，这种疾病没有有效的治疗方法，也没有具体的时间表，因为它会逐渐夺走他们的视力。)”可知，第一段主要是要引出他们旅行的背后的故事，故选A。
5. 推理判断题。根据第四段““She’s finding slutins n her wn,” the parents tld each ther. “We need t fllw her lead.”(“她在自己寻找解决办法，”父母互相告诉对方。“我们需要跟随她的脚步。”)”可知，这对父母很开明，尊重孩子的决定，故选D。
6. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Mia grew taller and when entering adlescence, needed mre independence. Her brthers became mre cnfident and utging. The kids were very aware that they had learned a lt.(米娅长高了，进入青春期后，她需要更多的独立。她的兄弟们变得更加自信和外向。孩子们很清楚他们学到了很多东西。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是孩子们身心的变化。故选C。
7. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“The memries really matter because unless science makes a breakthrugh sn, three f the children will becme blind, likely in adulthd. They have been diagnsed with a disease that has n effective treatment and n specific timeline as it gradually rbs them f their sight.(这些记忆真的很重要，因为除非科学很快取得突破，否则其中三个孩子很可能会在成年后失明。他们被诊断出患有一种疾病，这种疾病没有有效的治疗方法，也没有具体的时间表，因为它会逐渐夺走他们的视力。)”可知，本文主要讲的是Mia一家为了制造回忆，在孩子们失明前进行为期一年的旅行的故事，因此最好的题目是B选项“Making the mst f the visin.(充分利用视力。)”。故选B。
【答案】8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了批判性思维能力在生活的许多领域的重要性。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Cllege and university curses require students t read and analyze texts, synthesize infrmatin frm different surces, and present evidence-based arguments.(学院和大学课程要求学生阅读和分析文本，综合不同来源的信息，并提出基于证据的论点。)”可知，强大的批判性思维能力对学术成功至关重要的原因是因为学术课程要求学生分析和综合来自不同来源的信息，并提出基于证据的论点。故选C项。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Many emplyers lk fr individuals wh can prvide well-reasned slutins t cmplex prblems, think creatively, and make sund judgments.(许多雇主都在寻找能够为复杂问题提供合理解决方案、创造性思维和做出正确判断的人。)”可知，批判性思维技能是办公室成功的必要条件的原因是因为雇主想要的是那些能为问题提供合理的解决方案、创造性思维的人。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Infrmed citizens need t be able t evaluate infrmatin frm different surces and decide which surces are reliable. They need t be able t questin assumptins, separate fact frm pinin, and make well-reasned decisins when vting r participating in public debate.(知情的公民需要能够评估来自不同来源的信息，并决定哪些来源是可靠的。他们需要能够质疑假设，区分事实和观点，并在投票或参与公共辩论时做出合理的决定。)”可知，批判性思维对参与公民生活和民主至关重要的原因是因为知情的公民需要具备质疑假设、区分事实和观点等能力。故选B项。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Critical-thinking skills are essential fr success in many areas f life. They enable us t make better decisins, excel academically and prfessinally, and participate effectively in civic life. Therefre, it’s imprtant fr individuals t cultivate and develp these skills thrughut their lives.(批判性思维能力在生活的许多领域都是成功的关键。它们使我们能够做出更好的决定，在学术和专业上脱颖而出，并有效地参与公民生活。因此，对个人来说，在一生中培养和发展这些技能是很重要的。)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了批判性思维能力在生活的许多领域的重要性。C项“批判性思维技能的重要性”符合题意。故选C项。
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了万圣节后剩下的南瓜丢弃到树林里所产生的不良影响，建议人们不要把南瓜丢弃到树林里。
12．词句猜测题。划线词句前文“A wrrying rise in scial media psts, suggesting that peple leave their Hallween pumpkins in the wds t feed wildlife after Octber 31, has made wildlife experts cncerned. (社交媒体上有越来越多的帖子建议人们在10月31日之后把万圣节南瓜丢到树林里喂野生动物，这让野生动物专家感到担忧。)”说明有很多万圣节南瓜丢弃在了树林里，从而推知划线词句“Thusands f pumpkins are discarded in wds acrss Britain. (成千上万的南瓜被discarded在英国各地的树林里。)”中划线词汇意思应为“丢弃”。故选C项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One f the main issues is that the leftver f the Hallween pumpkins are ften eaten by already struggling hedgehgs(刺猬). In early Nvember, hedgehgs are lking t gain as much weight as pssible t survive their winter hibernatin. (其中一个主要问题是，万圣节南瓜的剩余部分经常被已经在挣扎的刺猬吃掉。在11月初，刺猬会尽可能地增重以度过冬眠期。)”可知，刺猬在11月初吃那么多南瓜是为冬天做准备。故选C项。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Mrever, leftver Hallween pumpkins can cntain candles and plastic decratins which can als be fatal t wildlife if mistakenly eaten. The rtting leftver can als attract less ppular wildlife, such as rats, t an area. Accrding t The Wdland Trust, the additinal nutrients in the pumpkins can negatively affect the sil balance as well. (此外，万圣节剩下的南瓜可能含有蜡烛和塑料装饰品，如果被误食，对野生动物也是致命的。腐烂的剩菜还会吸引不太受欢迎的野生动物，如老鼠，来到一个区域。林地信托基金会表示，南瓜中额外的营养物质也会对土壤平衡产生负面影响。)”可知，本段主要对剩余南瓜的不良影响作进一步解释。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段中“While well-meaning pumpkin carvers might think they are ding the lcal animals grups a kindness, leaving yur leftver jack-’-lantern in the wdland is actually ding mre harm than gd. (虽然好心的南瓜雕刻者可能认为他们是在为当地的动物群体做一件好事，但把你剩下的南瓜灯丢弃到森林里实际上是弊大于利。)”和最后一段“S what shuld yu d with yur beautifully carved pumpkin creatin after Octber 31? Mst experts recmmend cmpsting (堆肥) it yurself at hme if yu can, r asking if a lcal farm will accept it as a dnatin. Yu culd even try sme scientific experiments t prduce mre energy frm the thrw-away wasted.(那么，在10月31日之后，你应该如何处理雕刻精美的南瓜呢？大多数专家建议，如果可以的话，可以自己在家里堆肥，或者询问当地农场是否接受捐赠。你甚至可以尝试一些科学实验，从浪费的垃圾中产生更多的能量)”推知，文章建议人们不要把万圣节后剩下的南瓜丢弃到树林里。故选A项。
【答案】16．E 17．F 18．A 19．C 20．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。每个人都有自己的梦想，那么怎么能把梦想变为现实呢？本文提出了一些可行性建议。
16．上文“Unfrtunately, dreaming is the easy part. (不幸的是，有梦想是一件轻松的事情)”说明有梦想是件容易的事。空处和前文为转折关系，并且引出下文。E项中的challenge和前文中的easy是相反的意思，说明有梦想容易，但是把梦想转变成现实是一个挑战。故选E。
17．下文“Give yurself the gift f setting a deadline and things will start t happen. (给你自己设定一个梦想实现的截止日期，然后事情就会逐渐开始进行)”说明给梦想设置截止日期，那么梦想就会慢慢实现。空处呼应本段标题，引出下文。F项中的gals和本段主题相呼应，“withut a deadline”和下文中的“setting a deadline”相呼应，表明有人认为梦想就是没有最后期限的目标，但实际上我们要给它设定一个截止日期。故选F。
18．小标题“Priritize yur gal daily (每天优先考虑你的目标)”说明本段主要给出了每天优先考虑你的目标的建议。空处进一步说明怎样优先考虑你的目标。A项“每天读写你的目标”符合语境。故选A。
19．下文“Lk at the list yu made and see what yu already have in yur life that culd help yu n yur path.(看看你列出的清单，看看你生活中已经有什么可以帮助你走上正轨)”说明本段建议把可利用的资源列成目录分类，然后看在你生活中所能帮助你的那些资源。C项“对可用资源进行分类。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选C。
20．小标题“Track yur prgress.(跟踪你的进度)”以及空前“Measure yur prgress each day. Use ld fashined paper and pencil r take advantage f the latest smartphne app. (衡量你每天的进步。使用老式的纸和铅笔，或者使用最新的智能手机应用程序)”说明本段所给建议为每天都追踪你的进度。空处表明这种方法的重要性。D项中的Tracking 和主旨句相呼应，说明追踪对于取得持续进展至关重要。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍作者不给儿子使用手机，并且解释了坚持这种做法的原因。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他要电话时，我拒绝了。A. agreed同意；B. exclaimed惊叫；C. refused拒绝；D. aplgized道歉。根据上文“He was the nly kid in his class withut ne.”以及下文作者解释的原因可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，故选C。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“当你为人父母时，你可以选择不同的做法。”我回答说。A. gently温柔地；B. differently不同地；C. desperately绝望地；D. slightly稍微。根据上文“When he asked fr a phne, I 1 .”可知作者拒绝给儿子电话，所以和儿子说的话是他为人父母时可以不这样做，故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我研究得越多，我对自己的决定就越有信心。A. decisin决定；B. cnversatin谈话；C. preference偏爱；D. memry回忆。根据上文“Many studies 4 the current mental health crisis amng teenagers t changes in hw they scialize, namely, the change frm in-persn t nline 5 .”可知研究的越多，知道上网和青少年精神健康危机有联系，所以作者对自己的决定越有信心，故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多研究将当前青少年的心理健康危机与他们社交方式的变化联系起来，即从面对面互动到在线互动的变化。 A. treat对待；B. link联系；C. limit限制；D. slve解决。根据下文“the change frm in-persn t nline 5 .”可知青少年心理健康和社交方式变化有联系，故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. interactin互动；B. payment支付；C. business业务；D. guidance指导。根据“hw they scialize”可知怎样社交，所以是从面对面的互动到网络互动的变化，故选A。
6．查动词词义辨析。句意：但也有家长质疑我的观点，他们说：“他一定觉得自己被冷落了!”A. present提出；B. change改变；C. favr更喜爱；D. challenge质疑。根据下文““He must feel s left ut!””可知有的家长不同意作者不给儿子电话的做法，所以应该是质疑作者的观点，故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一些父母悲伤地告诉我，他们后悔没有更晚才让孩子有手机。A. addictin着迷；B. membership会员身份；C. wnership所有权；D. preference偏爱。根据上文“Then there are the parents wh tell me with sadness that they regretted nt delaying their teenager’s phne”可知有些父母后悔没有更晚让自己孩子拥有手机，故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们支持我坚持下去。A. require要求；B. frbid禁止；C. refuse拒绝；D. supprt支持。根据上文“Then there are the parents wh tell me with sadness that they regretted nt delaying their teenager’s phne 7 lnger than they did.”可知那些后悔的父母支持作者坚持自己的做法，故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉迷于电子设备的孩子正在错失现实生活，这让我很震惊。A. skilled熟练的；B. absrbed专注的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. specialized专业的。根据上文“If teenagers are truly spending abut 5 hurs n average per day n their devices, as a recent research states, then what are they nt ding?”可知一天花5小时在电子设备上，应该是沉迷于电子设备，be absrbed in，意为“沉迷于”，符合句意，故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的儿子有一个难忘的童年，一个充满冒险、充满想象力的游戏和身体挑战的童年。A. causal因果关系的；B. stable稳定的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. memrable难忘的。根据下文“ne full f adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges”可知作者希望儿子的童年丰富多彩，令人难忘，故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：实现这些目标最简单的方法就是推迟给他智能手机。A. breakthrughs突破；B. balances平衡；C. gals目标；D. milestnes里程碑。根据上文“I want my sn t have a 10 childhd, ne full f adventures, imaginative play and physical challenges.”可知这些是作者想要的目标，故选C。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在学校表现很好，和朋友一起出去玩，在我们镇上独立活动。A. hangs ut闲逛；B. catches up追赶；C. shws ff炫耀；D. settles dwn定居。根据下文“with friends”和常识可知是和朋友出去游玩，故选A。
13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说有一天他会给自己14岁的儿子一部手机，我告诉他没关系。A. silly愚蠢的；B. fine很好，不错；C. incredible不可思议的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文““Yu can chse t d things 2 when yu’re a parent.” I replied.”和下文“But recently, he admitted he 14 the beautiful scenery n a drive t a muntain because he had been s absrbed in his iPad.”可知作者不会反对儿子的想法，让儿子自己意识到电子设备的弊端，所以应该是没关系，故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最近，他承认自己在开车去山上的路上错过了美丽的风景，因为他太专注于iPad了。A. missed错过；B. appreciated欣赏；C. imagined想像；D. plluted污染。根据下文“because he had been s absrbed in his iPad”可知因为太专注于iPad，所以会错过美丽的风景，故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果这就是他承认我是对的方式，我接受。A. cmmitment承诺；B. aim目的；C. versin版本，型式；D. prmise诺言。根据上文“But recently, he admitted he 14 the beautiful scenery n a drive t a muntain because he had been s absrbed in his iPad.”可知儿子自己意识到电子设备的弊端，所以也是承认作者是对的一种方式，故选C。
【答案】 1. But 2. Imprtantly 3. when 4. cnnecting 5. have been transprted
6. between 7. Turism 8. a 9. granted 10. centuries
【详解】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了大运河的发展历史和意义，以及人们为保护大运河做出的努力。
1. 考查连词。句意：现如今这条水道比以前更短了，但是它仍然是世界上最长的人工河。分析句意可知，
前后句之间是转折关系，用连词but连接前后两个分句。故填but。
2. 考查副词。句意：重要的是，大运河继续提供重要的文化和现代中国经济的联系。空格处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填Imprtantly。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：最初的运河系统大约始于公元605年，当时中国的隋炀帝意识到他需要一种更好的方式来运输食物和养活他的军队，所以皇帝下令建造大运河的第一段，连接现有的运河、湖泊和河流。
此处为定语从句修饰先行词theyear605，关系词将其代入定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：最初的运河系统大约始于公元605年，当时中国的隋炀帝意识到他需要一种更好的方式来运输食物和养活他的军队，所以皇帝下令建造大运河的第一段，连接现有的运河、湖泊和河流。分析句子结构，句子谓语动词是rdered，提示词是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the cnstructin之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填cnnecting。
5. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1000多年来，货物被沿着大运河运输。空格处在作谓语，根据时间状语Fr mre than a thusand years 可知，应用现在完成时，主语gds和transprt 是动宾关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been transprted。
6. 考查介词。句意：船只继续在杭州和济宁之间运输大量的煤炭、食物和其他的货物。between…and…是
固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。
7. 考查名词。句意：然而地方政府渴望增加旅游和城市的发展，已经拆毁了几乎所有运河边的老建筑。根
据and并列结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，turism为不可数名词。故填turism。
8. 考查冠词。句意：2005年一群公民提议将历史悠久的大运河列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，希望这一地位能够保护这条水道和它周围的建筑。site为可数名词，此处表示泛指，UNESCO以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着联合国教科文组织保护遗产的身份在2014年被官方认定，世界上最大的伟大的工程成就将在未来的几世纪里继续连接中国的南方和北方。考查with的复合结构，空格处应填非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语UNESCO status和grant之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填granted。
10. 考查名词的数。句意：随着联合国教科文组织保护遗产的身份在2014年被官方认定，世界上最大的伟大的工程成就将在未来的几世纪里继续连接中国的南方和北方。根据空格前的介词fr可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，century表示“世纪”为可数名词，上文没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填centuries。