2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第2天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第2天，共24页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）
Hw t apply t the city vlunteer prgram f Hangzhu Asian Games?
Yu can apply thrugh either nline r ffline channels.
(1)Online channels:
Channel 1: Search the Alipay fr applets “Zhejiang Vlunteers”.
Channel 2: Enter the Wechat public accunt “Civilized Hangzhu” and click the navigatin clumn “Vluntary Service”
(2)Oftline channels:
Register thrugh the New Era Civilizatin Practice Center/Office/Statin established at the city, district, cunty, twn, sub-district r village level.
Where t buy licensed suvenirs f Asian (Para) Games Hangzhu 2022?
Offline channels: Licensed cmmercials’ retailing stres f Asian Games Hangzhu 2022
Online channel: Tmall flag stre “Asian Games Hangzhu 2022 Official Stre”.
Hw can an aerial phtgrapher apply fr radi frequencies?
During the Asian Games Hangzhu 2022, radi access will be allwed in relevant areas f the Games. Users wh need t use radi frequencies r radi equipment may submit an applicatin n the fllwing website: https: /spectrum. Hangzhu 2022. cn/frequency/enterdeclare.
Hw d verseas peple purchase tickets?
After entering China, verseas peple can purchase tickets fllwing the same prcedures as dmestic public. Fr the member cuntries and regins f the Olympic Cuncil f Asia (OCA) that have btained permissin fr verseas agencies, their residents can purchase tickets thrugh appinted agencies.
Accrding t the sales agency arrangements and prcesses fr verseas ticketing f the Hangzhu Asian Games, the fllwing fur Natinal Olympic Cmmittees (NOCs) and their Authrised Ticket Resellers (ATR), listed in the rder f cnfirmatin time, will sell tickets fr the sprts events f the Hangzhu Asian Games. Audiences within the respective regins can purchase sprts event tickets fr the Hangzhu Asian Games thrugh these NOCs and their ATRs:
1．Where can ne buy licensed suvenirs f Asian (Para) Games Hangzhu 2022?
A．Tmall flag stre Licensed cmmercials’ retailing stres f Asian Games Hangzhu 2022
B．Shpping at the website: https: /spectrum. hangzhu2022. cn/frequency/enterdeclare
C．Thrugh the Alibaba applets “Zhejiang Vlunteers”.
D．Bth ffline and nline channels.
2．Hw can verseas peple purchase tickets fr the Hangzhu Asian Games?
A．Only thrugh appinted ticket resellers in their respective regins.
B．Fllwing the same prcedures as dmestic residents after entering China.
C．By visiting the fficial ticketing website with the English page.
D．Becming residents f member cuntries and regins f OCA
3．Which sectin f the website might the passage be taken frm?
A．Ticket services.B．One-stp Service fr Asian Games.
C．Questins & Answers.D．E-Certificate Dwnlad.
B
(2023·辽宁·高三辽宁实验中学校考阶段练习)
Everyne tries their best in life, and smetimes a few kind wrds f encuragement can help peple realize that their effrts are nt in vain (徒劳). Ⅰ remember a time when I was in fifth grade, and I was a very shy girl.
There was a drawing cmpetitin at my schl that day. As everyne started t use their creative ideas t draw, I was nly trying t think f smething creative that culd express my thughts and emtins. Lst in my wn wrld, I was brught back t reality when my art teacher called my name frm behind. She came t me and encuraged me, saying, “Dn’t verthink it, just put whatever cmes t yur mind n the canvas (画布). D yur best, and yu will d well.”
Taking her wrds f wisdm t heart, I started my painting. Time flew by, and sn the bell rang, signaling the end f the time limit. We all turned in ur canvases fr inspectin (检查). The next day, the winners f the cmpetitin were annunced in frnt f the whle schl. T my surprise, I heard my name being called secnd prize. It was a blt frm the blue fr me, as I had never dared t dream f winning any prize.
Later n, I expressed my gratitude t my art teacher fr her wrds f encuragement and fr believing in me. That day, I became aware f my talent and started painting mre whenever I had free time. Smetimes, I think that if it weren’t fr her wrds f encuragement, I may have never discvered the talent I have.
Overall, this experience taught me the imprtance f encuraging thers and hw a few kind wrds can make a significant impact n smene’s life.
4. What was the authr ding when called by the art teacher?
A. Organizing a drawing cmpetitin.B. Trying t get sme creative ideas.
C. Painting her wrk n her canvas.D. Trying t get help frm thers.
5. What did the authr think f the cmpetitin?
A. Easy.B. Interesting.C. Challenging.D. Encuraging.
6. What d the underlined wrds “blt frm the blue” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Addictin.B. Puzzlement.C. Disappintment.D. Surprise.
7. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Pwer f EncuragementB. The Imprtance f Art Cmpetitins
C. Overcming Shyness Thrugh PaintingD. Discvering Yur Great Natural Ability
C
（2024·广东深圳·罗湖区部分学校联考）
Anyne can be late a handful f times, but t be the persn wh is always late - that’s an art, a frustrating art. Or, a side effect f yur persnality traits, scientists have fund.
S what is it that causes sme peple t cnstantly miss trains, make it t the wedding just after the bride’s shwn up and regularly anny their friends? And why is it s hard fr us t fix it? “There are all srts f punishments fr being late, and the paradx is that we are late even when thse punishments and cnsequences exist.” said Justin Kruger, a scial psychlgist at New Yrk University.
One f the cmmnest reasns why peple are frequently late is that they fail t accurately judge hw lng a task will take - smething knwn as the planning fallacy(谬误). Research has shwn that peple n average underestimate the time t cmplete a task by a significant 40 percent.
Anther trait is that frever -late-cmers are mre likely t be multitaskers. In a 2003 study run by Jeff Cnte frm San Dieg State University fund that ut f 181 subway peratrs in New Yrk City, thse wh preferred multitasking were mre ften late fr their jb. This is because multitasking makes it harder t have the awareness f what yu’re ding. Cnte als discvered there is a persnality type that’s mre likely t be late. While highly strung(紧张不安), achievement-riented Type A individuals are mre pssible t be punctual. Type B individuals, hwever, wh are mre laid-back(漫不经心), have a higher chance t be late.
Admittedly, knwing all f this desn’t necessarily help fix the prblem. But scientists are starting t wrk n strategies that can slwly imprve ur punctuality. Fr peple wh cnstantly underestimate tasks, breaking dwn an activity int detailed steps can help peple estimate hw lng smething will take mre accurately. As fr yur persnality type, unfrtunately, there isn’t much yu can d t change that. But accepting that yu need t struggle fr it may just help. Acceptance, after all, is the first step t change.
8．What des the underlined wrd “paradx” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Strategy.B．Argument.C．Slutin.D．Puzzle.
9．What is a pssible feature f frever-late-cmers?
A．They plan t spend mre time n a task.
B．They tackle mre than ne task at a time.
C．They suffer frm cncentratin difficulties.
D．They have high expectatins fr achievements.
10．Which advice can be given t peple wh are always late?
A．Learn t accept wh yu are.B．Change yur persnality type.
C．Divide a task int smaller nes.D．Keep t the timetable accurately.
11．What is the main idea f the text?
A．Time management cntributes t success.
B．Late cmers shuld be severely punished.
C．One’s always being late is linked t persnality.
D．Changing persnality helps imprve punctuality.
D
（2023·浙江·高三德清县高级中学校联考一模）
The persnal grievance prvisins f New Zealand’s Emplyment Relatins Act 2000 (ERA) prevent an emplyer frm firing an emplyee withut gd cause. Instead, dismissals must be justified. Emplyers must bth shw cause and act in a prcedurally fair way.
Persnal grievance prcedures were designed t guard the jbs f rdinary wrkers frm “unjustified dismissals”. The premise was that the cmmn law f cntract lacked sufficient prtectin fr wrkers against arbitrary cnduct by management. Lng gne are the days when a bss culd simply give an emplyee cntractual ntice.
But these prvisins create difficulties fr businesses when applied t highly paid managers and executives. As cuntless bards and business wners will attest, cnstraining firms frm firing prly perfrming, high-earning managers is a handbrake n bsting prductivity and verall perfrmance. The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be the difference between business success r failure. Between preserving the jbs f rdinary wrkers r lsing them. Yet medicrity is n lnger enugh t justify a dismissal.
Cnsequently and paradxically laws intrduced t prtect the jbs f rdinary wrkers may be placing thse jbs at risk.
If nt placing jbs at risk, t the extent emplyment prtectin laws cnstrain business wners frm dismissing under-perfrming managers, thse laws act as a cnstraint n firm prductivity and therefre n wrkers’ wages. Indeed, in “An Internatinal Perspective n New Zealand’s Prductivity Paradx” (2014), the Prductivity Cmmissin singled ut the lw quality f managerial capabilities as a cause f the cuntry’s pr prductivity grwth recrd.
Nr are highly paid managers themselves immune frm the harm caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal prcedures. Because emplyment prtectin laws make it cstlier t fire an emplyee, emplyers are mre cautius abut hiring new staff. This makes it harder fr the marginal manager t gain emplyment. And firms pay staff less because firms carry the burden f the emplyment arrangement ging wrng.
Sciety als suffers frm excessive emplyment prtectins. Stringent jb dismissal regulatins adversely affect prductivity grwth and hamper bth prsperity and verall well-being.
Acrss the Tasman Sea, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradx by excluding emplyees earning abve a specified “high-incme threshld” frm the prtectin f its unfair dismissal laws. In New Zealand, a 2016 private members’ Bill tried t permit firms and high-incme emplyees t cntract ut f the unjustified dismissal regime. Hwever, the mechanisms prpsed were unwieldy and the Bill was vted dwn fllwing the change in gvernment later that year.
12．The persnal grievance prvisins f the ERA are intended t ________.
A．discipline dubius crprate practices
B．prmte traditinal hiring prcedures
C．regulate the privileges f the emplyers
D．safeguard the rights f rdinary wrkers
13．It can be learned frm paragraph 3 that the prvisins may ________.
A．hinder business develpmentB．justify managers’ authrity
C．affect the public image f the firmsD．wrsen labr-management relatins
14．Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the passage?
A．ERA’s sensible apprach crrespnds with the internatinal trend f demcracy.
B．The sciety will see a rise in well-being with the ERA’s prcedures carried ut.
C．Nn-prficient managerial capabilities make emplyees suffer frm salary cuts.
D．High-incme threshld in Australia is relatively beneficial t business wners.
15．What’s the authr’s attitude twards the persnal grievance prvisins issued by ERA?
A．AppreciativeB．SkepticalC．OptimisticD．Cntradictry
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023·广东广州·广州市协和中学校考一模）
Cllecting must be ne f the mst varied f human activities, and it’s ne that many f us psychlgists find fascinating. Cllecting hundreds r even thusands f pstcards, chclate wrappers r whatever, takes time, energy and mney that culd surely be put t much mre prductive use. And yet there are millins f cllectrs arund the wrld. 16
There are the peple wh cllect because they want t make mney. They’ll lk fr, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect t be able t sell at a prfit. 17 Buying cheap and selling dear can give the cllectr a sense f achievement. And as selling nline is s easy, mre and mre peple are jining in.
Many cllectrs cllect t develp their scial life. 18 This is a variant n jining a bridge club r a gym, and similarly brings them int cntact with like-minded peple.
Sme may spend their whle lives in a hunt fr this. 19 There is a danger, thugh, that if the individual is ever lucky enugh t find what they’re lking fr, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, nw that the gal that drve them n has gne.
20 Stamp cllecting, fr example, pens a windw t ther cuntries, and t the plants, animals, r famus peple shwn n their stamps. Similarly, many cllectrs cllect fssils, animals and plants frm arund the glbe, and their cllectins prvided a vast amunt f infrmatin abut the natural wrld. Withut thse cllectins, ur understanding wuld be greatly reduced.
A．Why d they d it?
B．But there may well be a psychlgical element, t.
C．Anther ptential reasn fr it is its educatinal value.
D．A particular example is a rare early recrding by a particular singer.
E．A psychlgical reasn fr cllecting is the need fr a sense f cntrl.
F．Psychlgically, this can give a purpse t a life that therwise feels aimless.
G．They attend meetings f grups cllectrs and exchange infrmatin n items.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·黑龙江绥化·高三校考期末）
I was in the back seat f a yellw taxi grabbing my mther’s hand like a 5-year-ld. But in fact, I was 28 years ld, still 1 , and hping my mm wuld make it all right.
We were cming hme frm the 2 , and I was in a full-bdy brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的) surgery exactly a week earlier and headed t my tiny apartment in San Francisc. Each time the taxi 3 ver the steep hills, I felt as if my bnes were 4 . I dubted that I wuld get hurt again during the jurney.
I was abut t pen my muth t shut at the driver r at least 5 , when my mm leaned frward and said cheerfully, “Thank yu!” The driver glanced at us 6 frm his mirrr. “Yu’re just the best driver I’ve ever seen,” my mm cntinued. “These hills must be s 7 t drive n. And I am s 8 . My daughter had surgery n her back and is s 9 . Because f yu, she’s ging t get hme safe. Thank yu. Yu’re wnderful.”
In the mirrr, I culd see the driver 10 prudly. I felt a flash f 11 , but befre I had a chance t 12 my mther’s wrds, a miracle happened. The driver slwed dwn. He stretched his neck left and right t 13 a smth ride befre making each turn. Indeed, he drve us hme like the best driver I’d ever seen.
In that mment f 14 , what my wise mm had instinctively dne was nly bvius t me: 15 is pwerful.
1．A．scaredB．tiredC．upsetD．cnfused
2．A．shelterB．hspitalC．cllegeD．cuntryside
3．A．buncedB．blckedC．interruptedD．trapped
4．A．ut f shapeB．ut f reachC．ut f cntrlD．ut f place
5．A．whisperB．explainC．warnD．cmplain
6．A．especiallyB．dubtfullyC．prperlyD．persnally
7．A．interestingB．hardC．easyD．familiar
8．A．gratefulB．hpefulC．greatD．guilty
9．A．prudB．patientC．weakD．sft
10．A．shakingB．smilingC．jkingD．applauding
11．A．embarrassmentB．pityC．satisfactinD．anger
12．A．receiveB．frgiveC．cntradictD．recgnize
13．A．expectB．experienceC．delayD．ensure
14．A．crisisB．accuntC．guidanceD．recgnitin
15．A．PraiseB．LveC．TrustD．Cmmunicatin
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·湖南长沙·市第一中学年高三试题）
Music has strng effects n us and different music has different effects. Faster music helps us cncentrate better. Lively music makes us feel mre pleased. And slwer music 1 (quiet) ur mind and makes us relax.
New findings shw that music arund 60 beats a minute can cause the brain t synchrnize (合拍) with the beat, 2 (cause) alpha brainwaves. This wave will appear when we are relaxed. Researchers at Stanfrd University have said that listening t music can change ur brain activities and 3 music can be reached easily, making 4 a helpful stress 5 (reduce) tl.
What type f music reduces stress greatly? A bit surprising: Drums and flutes (长笛) can have psitive effects n relaxing the mind even when 6 (play) a little lud. Sunds f rain and thunder may als be relaxing especially when mixed with ther music, such as light jazz and classical music.
Hw can we chse the music that is best fr us? The answer depends n urselves. We culd start by 7 (simple) explring the music n the web page. Just chse the music 8 can calm us dwn and make us feel relaxed. But remember that quieting ur mind des nt mean we will feel 9 (sleep) listening t the music. It means ur brain and bdy are relaxed. And 10 ur new calm self, we can then d ur best in many activities.
第【2】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
NOC
ATR
1
HKG
China Travel Service (H. K. )LTD
2
KOR
Hanjin Travel Service C. LTD
3
JPN
PIA Crpratin
4
MGL
New Juulchin Turs LLC
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是一篇针对2022年杭州亚运会相关问题的问答。
1．细节理解题。根据标题Where t buy licensed suvenirs f Asian (Para) Games Hangzhu 2022?下面第一段“Offline channels: Licensed cmmercials’ retailing stres f Asian Games Hangzhu 2022 (线下渠道：2022年杭州亚运会授权广告零售门店)”以及第二段“Online channel: Tmall flag stre “Asian Games Hangzhu 2022 Official Stre”. (线上渠道：天猫旗舰店“2022年杭州亚运会官方商店”)”可知，线下和线上渠道都可以买到2022年杭州亚运特许纪念品。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据标题Hw d verseas peple purchase tickets?下面第一段首句“After entering China, verseas peple can purchase tickets fllwing the same prcedures as dmestic public. (进入中国后，海外人士可以按照与国内公众相同的程序购买门票。)”可知，海外人士购买杭州亚运会门票可按照国内公众相同的程序购买。故选B。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据四个以设问出现的标题以及下面的回答可知，本文应摘自网站上的问答环节部分。故选C。
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段“As everyne started t use their creative ideas t draw, I was nly trying t think f smething creative that culd express my thughts and emtins. Lst in my wn wrld, I was brught back t reality when my art teacher called my name frm behind.(当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实)”可知，当艺术老师叫作者时，作者正在努力获得一些富有创造力的思路。故选B。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段“As everyne started t use their creative ideas t draw, I was nly trying t think f smething creative that culd express my thughts and emtins. Lst in my wn wrld, I was brught back t reality when my art teacher called my name frm behind. She came t me and encuraged me, saying, “Dn’t verthink it, just put whatever cmes t yur mind n the canvas (画布). D yur best, and yu will d well.”(当每个人都开始用他们的创意来画画时，我只是想一些能表达我想法和情绪的创意。我迷失在自己的世界里，当我的艺术老师从背后呼唤我的名字时，我又回到了现实。她走到我面前鼓励我，说：“不要想得太多，只要把你想到的都写在画布上。尽你所能，你就会做得很好。”)”可知，别的学生已经开始画画了，但是作者还在苦苦构思；且艺术老师对作者说：“不要想太多，只要把你想到的东西画在画布上就行了。”这些都说明作者觉得这次比赛对自己来说很难，很有挑战性。故选C。
6. 词句猜测题。根据第三段“T my surprise, I heard my name being called secnd prize. It was a blt frm the blue fr me, as I had never dared t dream f winning any prize.(令我惊讶的是，我听到二等奖里有自己的名字。这对我来说是blt frm the blue，因为我从来不敢梦想赢得任何奖项)”可知，作者做梦都不敢想能得到任何奖品，所以听到自己获奖的消息后感到非常惊讶，划线部分表示“震惊，惊讶”,与surprise同义。故选D。
7. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Overall, this experience taught me the imprtance f encuraging thers and hw a few kind wrds can make a significant impact n smene’s life.(总的来说，这段经历教会了我鼓励他人的重要性，以及几句友善的话如何对某人的生活产生重大影响)”以及文章内容可知，作者通过讲述自己的一次参赛经历来证明鼓励的重要性，所以“鼓励的力量”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了迟到的原因可能能与性格特征相关，并提出了一些相应的策略。
8．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线词paradx前文的内容“There are all srts f punishments fr being late(对于迟到，有各种各样的惩罚)”和后文的内容“we are late even when thse punishments and cnsequences exist.(即使存在惩罚和后果，我们仍然会迟到)”可知，前文提出迟到了会有相应的惩罚，后文提出即使受到惩罚，但我们还是会迟到，故此处的划线词与D项“令人费解的事、难题”意思相近，迟到了会受到惩罚，令人费解的就是即使有惩罚，我们仍然会迟到，故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Anther trait is that frever -late-cmers are mre likely t be multitaskers.(永远迟到的人的另一个特点可能是多重任务的)”可知，永远迟到的人的特点可能是一次要处理很多任务，是多重任务的，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But scientists are starting t wrk n strategies that can slwly imprve ur punctuality. Fr peple wh cnstantly underestimate tasks, breaking dwn an activity int detailed steps can help peple estimate hw lng smething will take mre accurately.(对于那些经常低估任务的人来说，将一项任务分解成详细的步骤可以帮助人们准确地估计这项任务花的时间。)”可知，对于那些经常迟到的人，他们可以将任务分解成一些小任务，从而更好的估计任务所花费的时间，故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Anyne can be late a handful f times, but t be the persn wh is always late - that’s an art, a frustrating art. Or, a side effect f yur persnality traits, scientists have fund.(任何人都可能迟到几次，但要成为一个总是迟到的人，这是一门艺术，一门令人沮丧的艺术。或者，科学家发现，这是你性格特征点副作用。)”以及后文对迟到人的特征的分析可知，本文主要介绍迟到可能是与性格相关的，故选C。
【答案】12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者针对新西兰《雇佣关系法》的个人申诉条款禁止雇主没有正当理由的情况下解雇员工的条款发表个人观点，他认为这一条款有利于保护普通工人的利益，但是对企业和社会的发展也带来一定的阻碍作用。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Persnal grievance prcedures were designed t guard the jbs f rdinary wrkers frm “unjustified dismissals.”（个人申诉程序旨在保护普通工人的工作不受“不正当解雇”的影响。）可知，个人申诉程序的目的是保护普通工人的权益。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“But these prvisins create difficulties fr businesses when applied t highly paid managers and executives. As cuntless bards and business wners will attest, cnstraining firms frm firing prly perfrming, high-earning managers is a handbrake n bsting prductivity and verall perfrmance.”（但是当这些规定适用于高新经理和高管时，会给企业带来困难。正如无数的董事会和企业主将证明的那样，限制公司解雇表现不佳，收入高的经理是提高生产率和整体业绩的一种阻碍。）可知，由于雇佣关系法的保护企业很难辞退业绩平庸的高管和经理，这就给企业的发展带来困难。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Acrss the Tasman Sea, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradx by excluding emplyees earning abve a specified “high-incme threshld” frm the prtectin f its unfair dismissal laws.”（在塔斯曼海对岸，澳大利亚应对不正当解雇谬论的方法，是将收入超过特定“高收入门槛”的雇员排除在其不公平解雇法的保护之外。）可知，澳大利亚的企业主不接受雇佣关系法对高收入雇员的保护，推断出澳大利亚的高收入门槛对企业主相对有利。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“But these prvisins create difficulties fr businesses when applied t highly paid managers and executives.”（但是当这些规定适用于高薪经理和高管时，会给企业带来困难。）和第七段“Sciety als suffers frm excessive emplyment prtectins.”（社会也遭受了过度就业保护带来的困难。）可推知，作者对于新西兰《雇佣关系法》的个人申诉条款所能带对于社会和企业的利益持有怀疑态度。故选B项。
【答案】16．A 17．B 18．G 19．F 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要对“收集”这一爱好进行了说明。
16．根据上文“Cllecting hundreds r even thusands f pstcards, chclate wrappers r whatever, takes time, energy and mney that culd surely be put t much mre prductive use. And yet there are millins f cllectrs arund the wrld.( 收集数百甚至数千张明信片、巧克力包装纸或其他任何东西都需要时间、精力和金钱，而这些肯定可以用于更高效的用途。然而，世界各地仍有数以百万计的收藏家)”可知上文提出了一种矛盾现象，下文要对这种现象表达疑问并解释，与A项“Why d they d it?( 他们为什么这么做？)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
17．根据下文“Buying cheap and selling dear can give the cllectr a sense f achievement.(低买高卖可以给收藏家一种成就感)”可知此处上下文说的是心理因素，与B项“But there may well be a psychlgical element, t(但很可能也有心理因素)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。
18．根据上文“Many cllectrs cllect t develp their scial life(许多收藏家为了发展他们的社交生活而收藏)”可知此处上下文说的是收藏与社交活动的关系，与G项“They attend meetings f grups cllectrs and exchange infrmatin n items(他们参加团体收藏家会议，并就物品交换信息)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
19．根据上文“There are the peple wh cllect because they want t make mney.( 有些人收集是因为他们想赚钱)”、“Many cllectrs cllect t develp their scial life(许多收藏家为了发展他们的社交生活而收藏)”以及“Sme may spend their whle lives in a hunt fr this(有些人可能一生都在寻找这个)”可知，很多人收藏是有目标的，与F项“Psychlgically, this can give a purpse t a life that therwise feels aimless.( 从心理学上讲，这会给一种没有目标的生活带来一个目标)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
20．根据下文“Stamp cllecting, fr example, pens a windw t ther cuntries, and t the plants, animals, r famus peple shwn n their stamps. Similarly, many cllectrs cllect fssils, animals and plants frm arund the glbe, and their cllectins prvided a vast amunt f infrmatin abut the natural wrld(例如，集邮为其他国家以及邮票上的植物、动物或名人打开了一扇窗户。同样，许多收藏家从世界各地收集化石、动物和植物，他们的收藏提供了大量关于自然世界的信息)”可知此处上下文说的是收藏的潜在教育价值，与C项“Anther ptential reasn fr it is its educatinal value(另一个潜在的原因是它的教育价值)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．D 14．A 15．A
【导语】本文一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者刚做完手术从医院乘坐出租车回家，当时出租车很颠簸，作者害怕自己再次受伤，对司机感到很不满，但是作者的母亲却对司机进行赞扬，结果司机改变了驾驶行为，由此作者感慨到：赞扬的力量强大。
1． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但事实上，我28岁了，仍然很害怕，希望我母亲能使一切都好起来。A. scared恐惧的；B. tired疲倦的；C. upset难过的；D. cnfused困惑的。根据上文“I was in the back seat f a yellw taxi grabbing my mther’s hand like a 5-year-ld(我坐在一辆黄色出租车的后座上，像个5岁的孩子一样抓住母亲的手)”以及“I was 28 years ld(我28岁了)”可知，28岁的作者坐在出租车上，像个5岁的孩子一样紧握着母亲的手，由此可推出，作者当时像个孩子一样感到恐惧，故选A项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们刚从医院回家，我戴着一个全身支架，一周前从脊柱手术中幸存下来，前往我在旧金山的小公寓。A. shelter避难所；B. hspital医院；C. cllege大学；D. cuntryside乡村。根据下文“I was in a full-bdy brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的) surgery exactly a week earlier(我戴着一个全身支架，一周前从脊柱手术中幸存下来)”可知，作者从医院出院要回家，故选B项。
3． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次出租车在陡峭的山丘上颠簸时，我都觉得自己的骨头错位了。A. bunced颠簸；B. blcked堵塞；C. interrupted打断；D. trapped使陷入困境。根据下文“I dubted that I wuld get hurt again during the jurney(我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”可知，作者当时坐在出租车里，怕自己因为颠簸再次受伤，故选A项。
4． 考查介词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. ut f shape变形；B. ut f reach够不着；C. ut f cntrl失去控制；D. ut f place位置不当；错位。根据上文“Each time the taxi bunced ver the steep hills, I felt as if my bnes were(每次出租车在陡峭的山丘上颠簸时，我都觉得自己的骨头好像……)”以及下文“I dubted that I wuld get hurt again during the jurney(我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”可知，出租车颠簸，作者害怕骨头错位再次受伤，即骨头错位，故选D项。
5． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫，或者至少抱怨一下，这时我母亲探出头来，爽朗地说：“谢谢！”A. whisper低语；B. explain解释；C. warn警告；D. cmplain抱怨。根据上文“I dubted that I wuld get hurt again during the jurney(我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”以及“I was abut t pen my muth t shut at the driver r at least(我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫，或者至少……)”可知，出租车很颠簸，作者害怕自己再次受伤，由此可知，作者对出租车的驾驶行为不满，打算抱怨，故选D项。
6． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：司机从镜子里怀疑地瞥了我们一眼。A. especially尤其；特别；B. dubtfully怀疑地；C. prperly适当地；D. persnally亲自地。根据上文“I was abut t pen my muth t shut at the driver r at least(我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫，或者至少……)”以及下文“Yu’re just the best driver I’ve ever seen(你是我见过的最好的司机)”可知，作者和母亲对出租车司机的态度相反，由此可知，司机用怀疑的眼神看着他们，故选B项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这些山上开车一定很难。A. interesting有趣的；B. hard难的；C. easy容易的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“These hills(这些山)”以及下文“t drive n(在上面开车)”以及结合上文母亲赞美司机车技好可知，母亲说“在山上开车一定很难”，换言之，母亲在赞美司机车技好，故选B项。
8． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. hpeful有希望的；C. great伟大的；D. guilty内疚的。根据下文“Because f yu, she’s ging t get hme safe.( 因为你，她得以安全回家)”可推理出，作者的母亲对司机从语言上表示感激，故选A项。
9． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我女儿背部做了手术，身体很虚弱。A.prud骄傲的；B. patient耐心的；C. weak虚弱的；D. sft柔软的。根据上文“My daughter had surgery n her back(我女儿背部做了手术)”可知，作者背部做了手术，所以目前身体虚弱，故选C项。
10． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在镜子里，我可以看到司机骄傲地微笑着。A. shaking摇晃；B. smiling微笑；C. jking开玩笑；D. applauding鼓掌。根据上文“Because f yu, she’s ging t get hme safe. Thank yu. Yu’re wnderful.(因为你，她得以安全回家。非常感谢。你太棒了)”可知，作者的母亲对司机表达了感激，所以司机感到高兴，回报以微笑，故选B项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到一阵愤怒，但还没来得及反驳母亲的话，奇迹就发生了。A.embarrassment尴尬；B. pity同情；C. satisfactin满足；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“I was abut t pen my muth t shut at the driver(我正要张开嘴对司机大喊大叫)”以及“In the mirrr, I culd see the driver smiling prudly(在镜子里，我可以看到司机骄傲地微笑)”可知，作者本来就对司机的驾驶行为不满，再看到司机骄傲地笑，可推理出作者对此感到愤怒，故选D项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. receive收到；B. frgive原谅；C. cntradict反驳；D. recgnize认出。根据上文“Because f yu, she’s ging t get hme safe. Thank yu. Yu’re wnderful.(因为你，她得以安全回家。非常感谢。你太棒了)”以及“I felt a flash f anger(我感到一阵愤怒)”可知，作者并不认可母亲的话，打算说些什么进行反驳，故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边，以确保每次转弯都能顺利行驶。A. expect期望；B. experience经历；C. delay拖延；D. ensure确保。根据上文“He stretched his neck left and right t(他把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边)”以及下文“a smth ride(顺利行驶)”可知，司机把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边是为了确保顺利行驶，故选D项。
14． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那个危机时刻，我聪明的母亲本能地做的事对我来说是显而易见的：赞美是强大的。A. crisis危机；B. accunt账户；C. guidance指导；D. recgnitin认出。根据上文“I was in a full-bdy brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的) surgery exactly a week earlier and headed t my tiny apartment in San Francisc. Each time the taxi bunced ver the steep hills, I felt as if my bnes were ut f place . I dubted that I wuld get hurt again during the jurney.( 一周前，我从脊柱手术中幸存下来，当时我戴着全身支架，前往我在旧金山的小公寓。每次出租车在陡峭的山丘上颠簸时，我都觉得自己的骨头好像错位了。我怀疑在旅途中我会再次受伤)”可知，作者手术刚结束，出租车司机的颠簸让作者感受到危机，担心自己再次受伤，由此可知，作者认为这是那是危机，故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. Praise赞美；B. Lve爱；C. Trust信任；D. Cmmunicatin交流。根据上文“Because f yu, she’s ging t get hme safe. Thank yu. Yu’re wnderful.(因为你，她得以安全回家。非常感谢。你太棒了)”以及“a miracle happened. The driver slwed dwn. He stretched his neck left and right t ensure a smth ride befre making each turn. Indeed, he drve us hme like the best driver I’d ever seen.(奇迹发生了。司机放慢了车速。他把脖子伸向左边再伸向右边，以确保每次转弯前都能顺利行驶。事实上，他像我见过的最好的司机一样开车送我们回家)”可知，在作者母亲的赞美之下，司机改变了驾驶行为，作者感慨赞美的力量的强大，故选A项。
【答案】
1．quiets 2．causing 3．that 4．it 5．reductin/reducing 6．played 7．simply 8．that/which 9．sleepy 10．with
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了音乐对我们有强烈的影响，不同的音乐有不同的影响。快节奏的音乐有助于我们更好地集中注意力。活泼的音乐使我们感到更高兴。慢节奏的音乐让我们的大脑安静下来，让我们放松。
1．考查时态。句意：慢节奏的音乐让我们的大脑安静下来，让我们放松。作谓语，结合后文makes可知为一般现在时，主语为slwer music，谓语用三单形式。故填quiets。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：新发现表明，每分钟60拍左右的音乐可以使大脑与节拍同步，从而产生阿尔法脑电波。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且作结果状语应用现在分词。故填causing。
3．考查宾语从句。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。此处引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用that且第二个宾语从句的连词that不能省略。故填that。
4．考查it用法。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。指代前文提到的music应用代词it。故填it。
5．考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：斯坦福大学的研究人员说，听音乐可以改变我们的大脑活动，而且音乐很容易接触，这使它成为一种有用的减压工具。此处作定语修饰tl，表示“减压”可用名词reductin，或-ing形式reducing。故填reductin/reducing。
6．考查省略句。句意：有点令人惊讶的是：鼓和笛子即使演奏得有点大声，也能对放松大脑有积极的作用。在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，相当于省略了Drums and flutes are。故填played。
7．考查副词。句意：我们可以从简单地探索网页上的音乐开始。修饰动词explre应用副词simply，作状语。故填simply。
8．考查定语从句。句意：只要选择能让我们平静下来，让我们感到放松的音乐。定语从句修饰先行词music，在从句中作主语，指物，故填that/which。
9．考查形容词。句意：但请记住，让我们的大脑安静下来并不意味着我们听音乐会感到困倦。作表语，应用形容词sleepy。故填sleepy。
10．考查介词。句意：有了新的冷静的自己，我们就能在许多活动中做到最好。此处为with十n.结构，作状语。故填with。