2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第1天

这是一份2024届高考英语巩固语法培养语感【阅读题型30天冲刺】天天练-第1天，共25页。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·浙江金华·校联考一模）
The rmantic Rhine, which flws mre than 700 miles frm Switzerland t the Nrth Sea, is ne f the mst ppular cruising(巡游) rivers in Eurpe, with many ptins available. Take a lk at things t d in Rhine River!
Amsterdam
Many Rhine River Cruises begin r end in Amsterdam. This city is ppular amng multiple age grups and types f travelers fr its relaxing atmsphere. Grab a bicycle and enjy an afternn f cafes, art, and histrical sites. The Anne Frank Huse is a ppular attractin in Amsterdam. Be sure t check if yur river cruise can help with advance tickets as the lines are cnsistently lng, thugh.
Neuschwanstein Castle
This fairytale castle is in the heart f Bavaria, Germany. Situated in the Black Frest, and cnjuring up(唤起) visins f princes and princesses, it is an extremely ppular turist attractin. It was in fact ne f the inspiratins fr Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. If yur Rhine River cruise includes a stp in Munich, there’s a gd chance that visits t Neuschwanstein will be available.
Strasburg
If yu’re lking fr a classic Eurpean cuntry twn, this is the stp fr yu Strasburg has a typical French feel, with cbblestned streets, small shps, and f curse a cathedral. Be sure t visit picturesque Petite France, the histric quarter f twn, and Rhan Palace t walk in the ftsteps f Marie Antinette, the last queen f France befre the French Revlutin. Strasburg is als a delightful place fr visit fr Christmas markets.
Basel
Sharing three internatinal brders: Switzerland, Germany, and France, Basel presents a fascinating cmbinatin f cultures, cuisines, and languages. Yu can enjy several wnderful histric sights in Basel, within a shrt distance frm each ther, and dn’t miss a walk thrugh the Btanical Gardens
1 . What d Amsterdam and Strasburg have in cmmn?
A．They have histrical sites.
B．They have a relaxing French style.
C．They are hme t big shpping malls.
D．They are famus fr the picturesque scenery.
2 . What might be the reasn fr Neuschwanstein Castle’s ppularity?
A．Its mysterius stry.B．Its favurable lcatin
C．Its fairytale rmance.D．Its inspiratin fr films.
3 . Which stp wuld yu recmmend mst t thse wh want t experience diverse cultures?
A．AmsterdamB．Neuschwanstein Castle.
C．StrasburgD．Basel.
B
(2023·湖北荆州·校联考期中)
One day in Brnx, a first-grade teacher sat dwn in a barbershp fr a haircut and ne f his students walked in, sat dwn, and started lking antsy. He thught t himself that it was a perfect pprtunity t practice reading, a thught that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershps arund the US with free bks t trim back childhd illiteracy (文盲). His nn-prfit, Barbershp Bks, has delivered 50,000 free bks t mre than 200 barbershps in mainly black neighbrhds in 24 states, cnsidering the fact that in Black American cmmunities, barbershps are like cmmunity centers where peple gather naturally.
“S many kids assciate reading with smething yu d in r fr schl,” he said. “If the nly place a kid practices the pian is during a lessn, the prgress will be slw. Our prgram is abut getting kids t say three wrds: ‘I’m a reader.’”
Irby’s prgram may seem straightfrward but there’s a lt f thught behind it. He puts a clrful, kid-sized bkshelf in each shp, making it inviting t children. The bks displayed are all carefully chsen based n recmmendatins frm his target audience. The bkshelves display the cvers f the bks rather than the spines, helping kids wh may be interested in reading seize the pprtunity fr themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair r they’re waiting n their dad r friend. And Irby invlves the barbers in his missin — training them t engage kids abut reading. “We want them t encurage kids t use the reading spaces,” he said. “Then they can talk t them abut hw they like reading, hw funny a bk was r tell them abut anther bk anther kid was reading.”
Denny Me was the first barber t wrk with Irby. Me had previusly ffered vide games at his Harlem shp, t bring in extra incme, but he was willing t quit that t help the cmmunity. “I decided t pay it frward by getting rid f the vide games, putting bks in here, just t get the kids’ minds ging,” he said. “Yu want t make an impact.”
“These bks, I wuld say, have pwer,” 8-year-ld by Chance said. That’s what keeps Irby mtivated. “I’m just excited that we get t create a safe space fr bys t d smething that’s really life changing,” he said. “That’s what I really believe reading is. It unlcks ptential.”
4 . What des the underlined wrd in paragraph 1 mst prbably mean?
A. Restless.B. Serius.C. Relieved.D. Jyful.
5 . Why des the prgram appeal t children?
A. Because it expresses children’s requirements. B. Because it shws children’s characteristics.
C. Because it prtects children’s security.D. Because it cnsiders children’s preferences.
6 . What made Denny Me give up the vide games finally?
A. That he wanted t attract mre custmers.B. That he wanted t make a difference.
C. That he wanted t bring in mre mney. D. That he wanted t meet different demands.
7 . What is the best title fr this passage?
A. Black Kids, Ptential Big ReadersB. Free Bks, Gd Way t Pay Back
C. Clurful Cvers, Nice Try t Attract KidsD. Small Barbershps, Treasure Huse t Start Reading
C
（2023·湖北武汉·校联考一模）
Deep within the Yukn, ne f the mst densely wded areas f Canada, sits a patch f land that is unlike any ther frest n the planet. Instead f a canpy f treetps spreading acrss the hrizn, tens f thusands f signpsts perch haphazardly ne n tp f the ther. They are all part f the Signpst Frest, the largest cllectin f signs frm places arund the wrld. At last cunt, the Signpst Frest in Watsn Lake, lcated abut 10 miles nrth f the brder, cntains 91,000 signs frm spts near and far.
The traditin began during the Alaska Highway Prject in 1942, when U.S. sldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watsn Lake recvering frm an injury. A cmmanding fficer asked him t repair and erect the directinal signpsts, and while cmpleting the jb, the hmesick sldier added a sign that indicated the directin and mileage t his hmetwn: “Danville, Illinis, 2,835 miles.” Others fllwed suit, and the trend caught n. Each year, an average f 1,000 new signs are being added t the cllectin. Lindley’s riginal sign has since been lst t time. Fifty years later, in 1992, Lindley and his wife Elinr made the pilgrimage back t Watsn Lake t place a replica, which is still there.
The Signpst Frest takes up a cuple f acres, with huge panels snaking thrugh the trees. There are street signs, welcme signs, signatures n dinner plates, and license plates frm arund the wrld. There are als a lt f familial signs; fr example, a grandfather will put up a sign and then years later family will cme back and try t find it. A lt f these are persnal signs t literally say that they are here. Thugh the visitr center has wd and paints n hand t help create a sign, many peple pt t bring their wn signs, thugh illegally, by snatching a metal sign frm their hmetwn and nailing it t ne f the wd psts. The frest has grwn s vast that the visitr center n lnger tries t keep a detailed list f the signs.
8．What des “The traditin” in the secnd paragraph refer t?
A．Cunting the number f signs in the Signpst Frest.
B．Replacing the natural frest with signs f different kinds.
C．Putting directinal signpsts n the highways f the Yukn.
D．Bringing signs t the Signpst Frest frm arund the wrld.
9．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is true abut the first sign in the Signpst Frest?
A．It remained in the Frest until 1992.
B．It was erected by an American sldier.
C．It was first put n the Alaska Highway.
D．It was brught frm Lindley’s hmetwn.
10．Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t the wrd “replica” in the secnd paragraph?
A．List.B．Trunk.C．Cpy. D．Brder.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．The rigins and sizes f the signs in the Signpst Frest.
B．The quantity and variety f the signs in the Signpst Frest.
C．The difficulty f categrizing the signs in the Signpst Frest.
D．The practice f nailing illegal signs t the psts in the Signpst Frest.
D
(2023·湖南长沙·校考阶段练习)
Parents have been urged t stp pretending Father Christmas is real in case the “lie” damages relatins with their children. Making up stries abut Santa risks destrying a child’s trust and is mrally unbelievable, accrding t tw experts.
Psychlgist Prfessr Christpher Byle and scial scientist Dr. Kathy McKay als criticize the idea emplyed by parents—Santa Claus judges children t be nice r naughty. Writing in a well-knwn jurnal, they argue, “If they are capable f lying abut smething s special and magical, can they be relied upn t cntinue as the guardians f wisdm and truth?”
Defending the claims, Prf Byle said, “The mrality f making children believe in such myths has t be questined. All children will eventually find ut they’ve been cnsistently lied t fr years, and this might make them wnder what ther lies they’ve been tld. Whether it’s right t make children believe in Father Christmas is an interesting questin, and it’s als interesting t ask whether lying in this way will affect children in ways that have nt been cnsidered.”
Dr. McKay, frm the University f New England in Australia, said there was clear evidence frm the wrld f make-believe in mvies and TV that adults lked fr a chance t be children again. “The persistence f fandm (影迷) in stries like Harry Ptter and Star Wars indicates their desire t briefly re-enter childhd,” she said. “Hwever,” she added, “if adults have been lying abut Santa, even thugh it has usually been well intentined, what else is a lie? If Santa isn’t real, are fairies real? Is magic? Is Gd?”
They cnclude, “Many peple may lng fr a time when imaginatin was accepted and encuraged, which may nt be the case in adult life. Might it be the case that the harshness f real life requires the creatin f smething better, smething t believe in, smething t hpe fr in the future r t return t a lng-lst childhd a lng time ag in a galaxy far far away?”
12 . What did parents d that drew criticism frm Dr. Kathy McKay?
A. They were fnd f Harry Ptter and Star Wars.
B. They acted as the guardians f wisdm and truth.
C. They said Santa Claus culd judge a kid t be gd r bad.
D. They have tld many lies t their children besides Santa Claus.
13 . What can be implied in the passage?
A. Parents are capable f making up stries abut Santa Claus.
B. Lies abut Santa Claus can have a negative impact upn children.
C. Stries abut Santa Claus develp children’s trust in their parents.
D. Experts think it right t make children believe in Father Christmas.
14 . Why are adults fnd f watching fictinal mvies?
A. They desire t return t the lng-lst childhd.
B. Everything will becme better in mvies than in real life.
C. They want t get away frm pressure frm life and wrk.
D. They didn’t watch such exciting mvies when they were yung.
15 . What is the authr’s attitude tward parents’ lying abut Santa Claus?
A. Psitive.B. Indifferent.C. Disappinted.D. Cncerned.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2024·安徽合肥·八校联考）
Everyne knws abut straight-A students. Many straight-A students actually put in fewer hurs f hmewrk time than their lw-scring classmates. Here are sme secrets f the yung study champins.
16 .
Tp students bear n breaks n study time. Once the bks are pen r the cmputer is bted up, phne calls g unanswered, TV shws unwatched, and snacks ignred. Study is business; business cmes befre recreatin.
Get rganized.
Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman frm New Mexic, keeps tw flders — ne fr the day’s assignments, anther fr papers cmpleted and graded. 17 . Melendres’ methds have actually prven effective. Even students wh dn’t have a private study area remain rganized t cut dwn time-wasting searches.
Clean up yur act.
Neat papers are likely t get higher grades than slppy nes. “The student wh turns in a neat paper,” says Claude Olney, an Arizna State University business prfessr, “is already n the way t an A．It’s like being served a cheeseburger. 18 .”
Speak up.
“If I dn’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him t repeat it,” says Christpher Campbell. Class participatin ges beynd merely asking questins, thugh. 19 . “Better academic grades cme frm better understanding.” says Campell. “I dn’t want t memrize infrmatin fr tests nly.”
Test yurself.
As part f her nte-taking, Dmenica Rman emphasizes pints that she thinks may be cvered during exams. 20 . Later she gives herself a written examinatin befre test day. “If I can’t answer the questins satisfactrily, I will g back and review.” she says.
A．Set pririties.
B．Schedule yur time.
C．She designs test questins based n them.
D．It’s a matter f shwing intellectual curisity.
E．A bag r drawer keeps essential supplies tgether.
F．Hard wrk isn’t the whle stry behind their academic grades.
G．Yu can’t believe it tastes gd if it’s presented n a dirty plate.
第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2023·广东深圳·校联考期末）
I am a prfessr f psychlgy. Sme time ag, I gt halfway thrugh a day f teaching befre a c-wrker pinted ut t me I was quite 1 wearing a different pair f shes, ne red and ne black. I felt s 2 and upset but I wuld have t g t teach my 3 like this. When I nticed hw much I wanted t disappear and avid this 4 , I was determined t face it 5 . I walked int class and 6 t the students that I was wearing tw shes frm 7 pairs, and directed their attentin t my feet. Everyne laughed and we went n with class. Years later, a 8 in that class tld me that this was the mment she first thught that maybe, just maybe, she culd be a prfessr, t.
I 9 my mistake because I realized that trying t hide it was weakening my ability t cncentrate my mind n my teaching — but I had n idea that it wuld als help shrten the 10 distance between my students and myself.
Many cntexts may 11 r shame peple fr making mistakes. Our effrts t avid them 12 ur desires fr success, and hw thers will respnd t ur mistakes. We might feel 13 and shame if we d make sme.
Hwever, mistake-making is part f learning new things, and it can 14 us clser t thers. It 15 up the pssibility f accepting mistakes gladly, letting us be mre pen and engaged in what we are ding.
1．A．impatientlyB．carelesslyC．quietlyD．slwly
2．A．cnfusedB．tuchedC．terrifiedD．embarrassed
3．A．aimB．bkC．curseD．feeling
4．A．situatinB．directinC．peratinD．ptin
5．A．besidesB．mreverC．insteadD．therwise
6．A．shutedB．appealedC．calledD．annunced
7．A．beautifulB．fancyC．differentD．clrful
8．A．wrkerB．teacherC．studentD．peer
9．A．sharedB．madeC．avidedD．crrected
10．A．physicalB．psychlgicalC．criticalD．ecnmical
11．A．recgnizeB．stpC．helpD．punish
12．A．result frmB．cme utC．give ffD．take n
13．A．self-cntrlB．self-respectC．self-cnfidenceD．self-criticism
14．A．drawB．frceC．pushD．affect
15．A．clearsB．pensC．turnsD．uses
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2023·重庆·校考适应性试题）
A Chinese cmpany says it plans t gather artificial intelligence 1 (learn) hw humans drive and use the data t develp autnmus driving technlgy.
Called DriveCPT, the system uses “enhanced learning with human feedback” technlgy t learn hw t drive, accrding t 2 reprt frm China Car News.
While existing semi-autnmus driving systems are guided via set f instructins that the car’s cmputer system can understand and respnd 3 , this new apprach instead bserves hw cars 4 (drive) safely by real peple and learns frm their actins.
Accrding t the reprt, DriveGPT is able t navigate difficult scenaris such as U-turns and rundabuts with an increased rate f success f”30 per cent“ cmpared with ther autnmus driving 5 (technlgy).
DriveCPT is the brainchild f Ham.ai — a cmpany 6 (devte) t artificial intelligence, with significant 7 (finance) backing frm Great Wall Mtrs which says it will have annuncements n the technlgy’s prgress during a 8 (present) in April 2003.
In January 2023, the cmpany 9 (launch) Mana Oasis — the largest autnmus driving cmputing centre in China, 10 it says will allw its technlgy t self-train using large vlumes f data gathered frm vehicles while n the rad.
第【1】天 自我评测
日期
用时（建议60分钟内）
成绩（总分80分）
2024年 月 日
分钟
答案&解析
第二部分 阅读理解 第一节
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在莱茵河畔的四个典型城市。
1．推理判断题。由文章第二段“Many Rhine River Cruises begin r end in Amsterdam. This city is ppular amng multiple age grups and types f travelers fr its relaxing atmsphere. Grab a bicycle and enjy an afternn f cafes, art, and histrical sites. The Anne Frank Huse is a ppular attractin in Amsterdam. Be sure t check if yur river cruise can help with advance tickets as the lines are cnsistently lng, thugh. (许多莱茵河游船在阿姆斯特丹开始或结束。这座城市因其轻松的氛围而受到不同年龄层和类型的游客的欢迎。抓一辆自行车，享受一个下午的咖啡馆，艺术，和历史遗迹。安妮·弗兰克之家是阿姆斯特丹一个受欢迎的景点。不过，一定要检查一下你的游船能否帮你提前订票，因为队伍总是很长。)”和文章第四段“If yu’re lking fr a classic Eurpean cuntry twn, this is the stp fr yu Strasburg has a typical French feel, with cbblestned streets, small shps, and f curse a cathedral. Be sure t visit picturesque Petite France, the histric quarter f twn, and Rhan Palace t walk in the ftsteps f Marie Antinette, the last queen f France befre the French Revlutin. Strasburg is als a delightful place fr visit fr Christmas markets. (如果你正在寻找一个经典的欧洲乡村小镇，那么斯特拉斯堡是你的不二之选。斯特拉斯堡有典型的法国风情，鹅卵石铺成的街道，小商店，当然还有大教堂。一定要参观风景如画的小法兰西，历史悠久的小镇和罗汉宫，走在法国大革命前法国最后一位女王玛丽·安托瓦内特的脚步中。斯特拉斯堡也是参观圣诞集市的好地方。)”可知，阿姆斯特丹和斯特拉斯堡都有历史遗迹。故选A。
2．推理判断题。由文章第三段“This fairytale castle is in the heart f Bavaria, Germany. Situated in the Black Frest, and cnjuring up(唤起) visins f princes and princesses, it is an extremely ppular turist attractin. It was in fact ne f the inspiratins fr Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. If yur Rhine River cruise includes a stp in Munich, there’s a gd chance that visits t Neuschwanstein will be available. (这座童话般的城堡位于德国巴伐利亚州的中心。它坐落在黑森林里，让人联想到王子和公主，是一个非常受欢迎的旅游景点。事实上，它是华特·迪斯尼睡美人城堡的灵感来源之一。如果你的莱茵河游轮在慕尼黑有一站，那么你很有可能可以参观新天鹅堡。)”可知，新天鹅堡受欢迎的原因可能是因为它是童话般的城堡。故选C。
3．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Sharing three internatinal brders: Switzerland, Germany, and France, Basel presents a fascinating cmbinatin f cultures, cuisines, and languages. Yu can enjy several wnderful histric sights in Basel, within a shrt distance frm each ther, and dn’t miss a walk thrugh the Btanical Gardens (巴塞尔共有三个国际边界：瑞士、德国和法国，展现了文化、美食和语言的迷人结合。您可以在巴塞尔欣赏几处美妙的历史景点，彼此相距不远，也不要错过植物园的漫步)”可知，这里有不同的文化。故选D。
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了让孩子爱上阅读并不容易，但是阿尔文·艾尔比正在为此努力，他创建了理发店书屋以鼓励年轻孩子们去阅读，因为他知道阅读对于孩子的重要性。
4. 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“One day in Brnx, a first-grade teacher sat dwn in a barbershp fr a haircut and ne f his students walked in, sat dwn,(一天，在布朗克斯，一个一年级的老师坐在理发店里理发，他的一个学生走了进来，坐下)”及下文“He thught t himself that it was a perfect pprtunity t practice reading, a thught that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershps arund the US with free bks t trim back childhd illiteracy (文盲).(他对自己说，这是一个练习阅读的绝佳机会，这个想法改变了阿尔文·艾尔比的生活，他在美国各地的许多理发店里摆满了免费的书，以减少儿童文盲)”可推知，阿尔文·艾尔比想到在理发店里摆满了免费的书，是因为他看到这些来理发的学生无事可做。再结合常识可知，与老师在一个空间里，多少会有些紧张。由此可知，划线词antsy与restless“坐立不安的”意思接近。故选A。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He puts a clrful, kid-sized bkshelf in each shp, making it inviting t children. The bks displayed are all carefully chsen based n recmmendatins frm his target audience. The bkshelves display the cvers f the bks rather than the spines, helping kids wh may be interested in reading seize the pprtunity fr themselves, whether they’re in the barber’s chair r they’re waiting n their dad r friend.(他在每家商店里都放了一个五颜六色的儿童书架，让孩子们喜欢。展出的书籍都是根据他的目标读者的推荐精心挑选的。书架上展示的是书的封面而不是书脊，帮助那些可能对阅读感兴趣的孩子们自己抓住机会，无论他们是坐在理发师的椅子上，还是在等爸爸或朋友)”可知，这个节目考虑到孩子们的喜好，所以很受孩子们的欢迎。故选D。
6. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I decided t pay it frward by getting rid f the vide games, putting bks in here, just t get the kids’ minds ging,” he said. “Yu want t make an impact.”(“我决定把它传递下去，把电子游戏扔掉，把书放在这里，只是为了让孩子们的思想活跃起来，”他说。“你想要产生影响。”)”可知，丹尼·莫想要有所作为，这让他最终放弃了电子游戏。故选B。
7. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“He thught t himself that it was a perfect pprtunity t practice reading, a thught that changed Alvin Irby’s life, and he’s filling many barbershps arund the US with free bks t trim back childhd illiteracy (文盲).(他对自己说，这是一个练习阅读的绝佳机会，这个想法改变了阿尔文·艾尔比的生活，他在美国各地的许多理发店里摆满了免费的书，以减少儿童文盲)”及下文可知，文章讲述了阿尔文·艾尔比减少儿童文盲，他创建了理发店书屋以鼓励年轻孩子们去阅读，因为他知道阅读对于孩子的重要性，他希望孩子们爱上阅读，让阅读改变他们的人生。由此可知，D. Small Barbershps, Treasure Huse t Start Reading(小理发店，开始阅读的宝库)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大Yukn的路标森林。
8．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The traditin began during the Alaska Highway Prject in 1942, when U.S. sldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watsn Lake recvering frm an injury. A cmmanding fficer asked him t repair and erect the directinal signpsts, and while cmpleting the jb, the hmesick sldier added a sign that indicated the directin and mileage t his hmetwn: “Danville, Illinis, 2,835 miles.” Others fllwed suit, and the trend caught n. Each year, an average f 1,000 new signs are being added t the cllectin.(这个传统始于1942年的Alaska Highway计划，当时美国士兵卡尔·K·林德利在沃森湖养伤。一位指挥官让他修理和竖立路标，在完成这项工作的同时，这位思乡的士兵在上面加了一个标志牌，标明了到他家乡的方向和距离：“伊利诺斯州丹维尔，2835英里。”其他人纷纷效仿，这一趋势开始流行起来。每年，平均有1000个新标识被添加到这个收藏中)”中“Others fllwed suit, and the trend caught n.”和“an average f 1,000 new signs are being added t the cllectin”可推知，上文的“The traditin”是指人们开始将世界各地的标识带到路标森林。故选D项。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The traditin began during the Alaska Highway Prject in 1942, when U.S. sldier Carl K. Lindley spent time in Watsn Lake recvering frm an injury. A cmmanding fficer asked him t repair and erect the directinal signpsts, and while cmpleting the jb, the hmesick sldier added a sign that indicated the directin and mileage t his hmetwn: “Danville, Illinis, 2,835 miles.” Others fllwed suit, and the trend caught n. (这个传统始于1942年的Alaska Highway计划，当时美国士兵卡尔·K·林德利在沃森湖养伤一位指挥官让他修理和竖立路标，在完成这项工作的同时，这位思乡的士兵在上面加了一个标志牌，标明了到他家乡的方向和距离：“伊利诺斯州丹维尔，2835英里。”其他人纷纷效仿，这一趋势开始流行起来)”可知，路标森林中的第一个标志牌是一个美国士兵竖起来的，所以B项是正确的说法。故选B项。
10．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Lindley’s riginal sign has since been lst t time. Fifty years later, in 1992, Lindley and his wife Elinr made the pilgrimage back t Watsn Lake t place a replica, which is still there. (林德利最初的标志已经随着时间的流逝而消失了。50年后的1992年，林德利和他的妻子埃丽诺朝圣回到沃森湖，放置了一个replica，它仍然在那里)”可知，林德利最初的标志牌已经找不到了，50年后他故地重游，重新放了一个“复制品”，所以划线词与cpy同义。故选C项。
11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“The Signpst Frest takes up a cuple f acres, with huge panels snaking thrugh the trees. There are street signs, welcme signs, signatures n dinner plates, and license plates frm arund the wrld. There are als a lt f familial signs (路标森林占地几英亩，巨大的面板蜿蜒穿过树木。这里有街道标志、欢迎标志、餐盘上的签名，还有来自世界各地的车牌。还有很多家族标志)”和“The frest has grwn s vast that the visitr center n lnger tries t keep a detailed list f the signs.(森林已经变得如此广阔，以至于游客中心不再试图保留一个详细的标志列表)”可推知，最后一段主要讲了路标森林中指示牌的数量和种类。故选B项。
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。介绍了专家对于家长对孩子依然谎称圣诞老人存在的批评态度。专家认为，父母谎称圣诞老人存在的做法对于孩子今后对于大人的信任有消极影响。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Psychlgist Prfessr Christpher Byle and scial scientist Dr. Kathy McKay als criticize the idea emplyed by parents—Santa Claus judges children t be nice r naughty. (心理学家Christpher Byle教授和社会科学家Kathy McKay博士也批评了父母的想法——圣诞老人会评判孩子是好是坏)”可知，圣诞老人评判孩子好坏的说法遭到了Kathy McKay博士的批评。故选C项。
13. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whether it’s right t make children believe in Father Christmas is an interesting questin, and it’s als interesting t ask whether lying in this way will affect children in ways that have nt been cnsidered.(让孩子们相信圣诞老人是否正确是一个有趣的问题，同样有趣的是，以这种方式撒谎是否会以未被考虑的方式影响孩子。)”和文章第一段的主题句“Making up stries abut Santa risks destrying a child’s trust and is mrally unbelievable, accrding t tw experts.(两位专家表示，编造圣诞老人的故事可能会破坏孩子的信任，在道德上是令人难以置信的。)”推知，作者通过文章想表达关于圣诞老人的谎言对孩子们是有消极影响的。故选B项。
14. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The persistence f fandm(影迷) in stries like Harry Ptter and Star Wars indicates their desire t briefly re-enter childhd,(《哈利·波特》和《星球大战》等故事中粉丝的持续存在表明他们渴望短暂地重新进入童年)”可知，对于《哈利·波特》和《星球大战》的持久迷恋表明成年人想再次体验童年乐趣。故选A项。
15. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Making up stries abut Santa risks destrying a child’s trust and is mrally unbelievable, accrding t tw experts.(两位专家表示，编造圣诞老人的故事可能会破坏孩子的信任，在道德上是令人难以置信的。)”与第三段中“All children will eventually find ut they’ve been cnsistently lied t fr years, and this might make them wnder what ther lies they’ve been tld. (所有的孩子最终都会发现自己多年来一直被欺骗，这可能会让他们想知道自己还被说了什么谎言。)”可知，作者对于父母们对孩子们撒谎说圣诞老人确实存在的做法很担忧。故选D项。
【答案】16．A 17．E 18．G 19．D 20．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习成绩优秀的学生的学习方法。
16．下文“Tp students bear n breaks n study time. Once the bks are pen r the cmputer is bted up, phne calls g unanswered, TV shws unwatched, and snacks ignred. Study is business; business cmes befre recreatin. (优等生在学习时间上不受任何打扰。一旦打开书或启动电脑，电话就无人接听，电视节目不看，零食也不吃了。学习是事业；学习重于娱乐。)”说明优等生都是优先考虑学习，选项A“设定优先顺序。”符合本段主题，适合做小标题。故选A项。
17．上文“Paul Melendres, a straight-A freshman frm New Mexic, keeps tw flders — ne fr the day’s assignments, anther fr papers cmpleted and graded. (Paul Melendres是新墨西哥州的一名优等生，他有两个文件夹，一个放当天的作业，另一个放已完成并评分的论文。)”说明要把必须完成的作业放在一起，不能和已完成的混在一起，选项E“用一个袋子或抽屉把必需品放在一起。”承接上文，建议把必需的东西放在一起。故选E项。
18．上文“The student wh turns in a neat paper is already n the way t an A. (交了一份整洁的试卷的学生，就已经在拿A的路上了。)”说明整洁的试卷容易得到好评，上文“It’s like being served a cheeseburger. (这就像被端上一个芝士汉堡。)”和选项G“如果把它放在脏盘子里，你不会相信它很好吃。”承接上文，用比喻的手法，说明试卷就像汉堡，如果不整洁，就不愿意吃。故选G项。
19．上文“If I dn’t understand what my teacher is explaining, I asked him t repeat it.(如果我不明白老师在解释什么，我会让他重复一遍。)”说明要积极的寻求知识，而上文“Class participatin ges beynd merely asking questins, thugh. (然而，课堂参与不仅仅是提问。)”说明课堂参与不仅仅是提问，选项D“这是表现出求知欲的问题。”承接上文，说明学生的提问是求知欲的表现。故选D项。
20．小标题“Test yurself.(自我测试)”和上文“As part f her nte-taking, Dmenica Rman emphasizes pints that she thinks may be cvered during exams. (作为笔记的一部分，Dmenica Rman强调了她认为考试中可能会涉及的要点。)”说明要进行自我测试，找出自己认为考试中可能涉及的要点，选项C“她根据它们设计试题。”承接上文，说明根据自己找到的要点，设计自测的试题。故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的尴尬、沮丧，同时还拉进了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以了解自己，还能将自己与其他的事情联系起来。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：前段时间，一天的教学进行到一半时，一位同事向我指出，我很不小心穿了一双不同的鞋，一只红一只黑。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. quietly安静地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据“wearing a different pair f shes”可知，此处指由于粗心穿错了鞋，故选B。
2．考查形容词词辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬和沮丧，但我必须这样去教我的课程。A. cnfused困惑的；B. tuched感动的；C. terrified害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。空处和“upset”并列，结合语境可知，穿错鞋应是感到尴尬，故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aim目的；B. bk书；C. curse课程；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“I gt halfway thrugh a day f teaching”可知，作者一天的教学还没完成，指必须这样去教授课程，故选C。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到我是多么想要消失和避免这种情况时，相反我决定去面对它。A. situatin情况；B. directin方向；C. peratin操作，手术；D. ptin选择。结合语境可知，此处指作者想要避免穿错鞋这种情况，故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. besides此外；B. mrever而且；C. instead相反；D. therwise否则。根据上文“hw much I wanted t disappear and avid”和“I was determined t face it”可知，前后句是相反的情况，作者想要避免这样的情况，但是决定去面对它，故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进教室，向同学们宣布我穿了两双不同的鞋，并把他们的注意力引到我的脚上。A. shuted大喊；B. appealed呼吁；C. called打电话；D. annunced宣布。根据“t the students”可知，此处指作者作为老师向同学们宣布自己穿错了鞋，故选D。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beautiful美丽的；B. fancy精致的，奢华的；C. different不同的；D. clrful多彩的。根据上文“I was quite ___1___ wearing a different pair f shes”可知，作者穿了两双鞋中的各一只，故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，那个班里的一个学生告诉我，那是她第一次想到也许，只是也许，她也可以成为一名教授。A. wrker工人；B. teacher老师；C. student学生；D. peer同龄人。结合上文“t the students that I was wearing tw shes…”以及空后“in that class”可知，作者告诉同学们自己穿错了鞋，此处指班里其中一个学生听完后想到自己以后也可以成为教授，故选C。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了我的错误，因为我意识到试图隐藏它会削弱我专注于教学的能力——但我不知道这也有助于缩短我和学生之间的心理距离。A. shared分享；B. made制作；C. avided避免；D. crrected纠正。结合上文“I walked int class and ___6___ t the students that…”可知，作者向同学们分享了自己的错误，故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. physical身体的；B. psychlgical心理的；C. critical关键的；D. ecnmical经济的。根据上文“ me that this was the mment she first thught that...”可知，作者分享错误后，一个学生告诉作者她一次感觉自己也可以成为教授，故此处指缩短了自己和学生之间心理上的距离，故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。A. recgnize识别；B. stp停止；C. help帮助；D. punish惩罚。根据“shame peple fr making mistakes”可知，犯错误应是会受惩罚，故选D。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们努力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反应。A. result frm由于；B. cme ut出现，出版；C. give ff释放，放出；D. take n呈现。结合句意可知，空后表示原因，因为我们渴望成功，所以我们努力避免犯错，故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们确实犯了一些错误，我们可能会感到自我批评和羞耻。A. self-cntrl自我控制；B. self-respect自我尊重；C. self-cnfidence自信；D. self-criticism自我批评。空处和“shame”并列，所以指我们犯错时会自我批评，感到羞愧，故选D。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，犯错误是学习新事物的一部分，它可以拉近我们与他人的距离。A. draw拉（动），（向某个方向）移动；B. frce强迫；C. push推；D. affect影响。结合空后的“us clser t thers”可知，此处指犯错能拉近我们与别人的距离，故选A。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，让我们更开放，更专注于我们正在做的事情。A. clears清理；B. pens打开；C. turns翻转；D. uses使用。根据“letting us be mre pen”可知，它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，故选B。
【答案】1．t learn 2．a 3．t 4．are driven 5．technlgies 6．devted 7．financial 8．presentatin 9．launched 10．which
【导语】本篇文章为新闻报道。文章介绍了一家中国公司研发出基于人工智能的DriveGPT系统，用于发展自动驾驶技术。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一家中国公司称其计划整合人工智能来学习人类如何驾驶，并使用得到的数据发展自动驾驶技术。此处作目的状语，应用不定式t learn。故填t learn。
2．考查冠词。句意：根据China Car News的一篇报道，名为DriveGPT的系统使用“人类反馈强化学习”技术来学习如何驾驶。此处泛指“一篇报道”，应用不定冠词，reprt是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
3．考查介词。句意：目前的半自动驾驶系统是由一系列汽车的电脑系统能够理解和响应的指令所指导的，而这一新型方法则是观察真人驾驶的汽车如何被安全驾驶并且从它们的动作中学习。此处是that引导的定语从句，先行词为instructins，应用动词respnd与介词t构成词组表示“响应”与instructins搭配。故填t。
4．考查动词语态。句意：目前的半自动驾驶系统是由一系列汽车的电脑系统能够理解和响应的指令所指导的，而这一新型方法则是观察真人驾驶的汽车如何被安全驾驶并且从它们的动作中学习。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时，此处cars与drive之间为动宾关系，应该用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用are。故填are driven。
5．考查名词复数。句意：根据报道，DriveGPT能够应对诸如U型弯和环岛这样困难的情境，成功率相较于其他自动驾驶技术多出“30%”。technlgy是可数名词，空前有ther表示“其他的”，应用名词复数形式。故填technlgies。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。固定搭配be devted t“致力于”，省略be动词，使用过去分词，作后置定语。故填devted。
7．考查形容词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。此处表示资金支持，应用形容词financial“金融的，财政的”，修饰名词backing。故填financial。
8．考查名词。句意：DriveGPT的创意来自于毫末智行，这是一家致力于人工智能的公司，背后有着长城汽车的大量资金支持，长城汽车声称将于2023年四月份的一场发布会上宣布该技术的进展。此处作宾语，应用名词presentatin“发布会”，由不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填presentatin。
9．考查动词时态。句意：2023年1月，该公司成立了雪湖·绿洲——中国最大的自动驾驶计算中心，并声称这将使其技术能够利用从路面上行驶的车辆中收集的大量数据进行自我训练。根据时间状语In January 2023可知，应用一般过去时。故填launched。
10．考查定语从句。句意：2023年1月，该公司成立了雪湖·绿洲——中国最大的自动驾驶计算中心，并声称这将使其技术能够利用从路面上行驶的车辆中收集的大量数据进行自我训练。分析句子可知，空处前句成分完整，后句will前缺少主语，考虑定语从句，先行词应为整个前句，应用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。