牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar优秀第3课时课后复习题

Unit 1 Friends

第3课时 Grammar

一．height/weight高度/重量 

二．Drawing competition.画画竟赛

形容词/副词的比较级和最高级

一、比较级和最高级的定义：

1.比较级:表示“更……”，用于人或事物之间的比较；

She is shorter than I am.

My book is more interesting than his.

2.最高级:表示“最……”，用于三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较，最高级前要加定冠词the。

He is the tallest boy in our class.

This is the most expensive computer in the shop.

二、比较级和最高级的构成： 

（1）规则变化：

1 )”短adj.”    -er/-est

①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er/-est :

tall---taller---tallest   smart---smarter---smartest  great→greater→greatest

②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r/-st :

 nice---nicer---nicest    fine---finer---finest  

③以辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er/-est:

early---earlier---earliest   happy---happier---happiest   busy---busier---busiest

④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词,双写辅音字母，再加-er/-est :  big---bigger---biggest   thin---thinner---thinnest   hot---hotter---hottest

2) “长adj.” more---/most---

多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more/most : popular---more popular---most popular   important---more important---most important

（2）不规则变化：

注意：形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不" ，如important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 

1、比较级基本用法：

1)“比较级+than …”结构     I am taller than you.       He runs faster than I.

2)  “ A or B”               Who is slimmer, Lucy or Kitty?

更多用法：

3) “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。  

   It is getting warmer and warmer．  0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．

4) 表示“越…，就越…”，用“the+比较级，the+比较级….”

 The busier ,the better.     The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be.

5)  比较级前面可以加上much, a little, even, a lot,等词.

  He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。     I jump a little higher than he.

例：Mum, I’m feeling even _______ than yesterday.

  A. bad           B. worse              C. worst      D. the worst

6）“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较……的一个”

The taller of the two boys is my brother.

例：Of the two coats, the girl choose __________ one.

A.less expensive     B.the most expensive    C.the less expensive    D.the least expensive

2、最高级基本用法：

1）the +最高级 +of/ in …  

My mother is the busiest in my family       Jim works (the) hardest of us.   

2)  …A, B or C?    Which do you best, blue, red or white?

更多用法:

3) “one of +最高级+复数名词”:

 He is one of the best students in our class. This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.

注意：在形容词最高级前有限定词时，不要定冠词the.  This is her most interesting experience

同时形容词最高级前要加the，但是副词最高级the可省。 run (the) fastest 

4)  the +序数词+最高级+名词单数    

【基础练习】

一、根据句子意思和所给提示，完成下列单词

1. Sec. is short for ________.

2. They are good at swimming. They are all good _________ (swim).

3. The ________ (weigh) of her daughter at birth was just over seven pounds.

4. The two buildings are about the same ________ (高). 

5. We will have an English ________(测试) tomorrow afternoon.

6. I believe you will do very well in the coming Maths ________(比赛).

二、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级

三、用所给词的适当形式填空

1. I am ________ (thin) than Kitty.

2. Summer is the ________ (hot) season in a year.

3. China is one of ________ (large) countries in the world.

4. Who has the _________ (many) books, Tom, Amy or Daniel?

5. Those flowers are much ________ (beautiful) than these ones.

6. The busier he is, the ________ (happy) he feels.

7. The piano is too ________ (expensive). I don’t have enough money to pay for it.

四、同义句转换，每空一词

1. Tom is 15 years old. Jim is 16 years old.

  Jim is _________ ________ Tom.

2. My English is better than David’s.

David’s English is _________ _________ ________.

3. Chinese is more important than any other subject.

Chinese is _________ _________ _________ of all the subjects.

4. Amy is the slimmest of the six girls.

Amy is ________ ________ the other five girls.

五、单项选择

1．—Could you tell me why you learn English so well?

—It’s very simple. ______ you study, ______ grades you will get.

A．The harder; better B．Harder; better C．Harder; the better D．The harder; the better

2．The number of giant pandas is getting ______ because their living areas are becoming farmland.

A．less and less B．larger and larger C．smaller and smaller D．more and more

3．—______ great fun we have ______ English!

—Yes. I can be ______ at it this way.

A．How; to learn; good B．How; learning; well

C．What; to learn; better D．What; learning; better

4．— China is over 5,000 years old. It’s one of ______ countries in the world.

— Yes. It has a much ______ history than the USA．

A．old; long B．older; longer

C．older; the longest D．the oldest; longer

5．—Jimmy was very ______ last year, but now he is much ______ .

—Don’t you know he has changed his unhealthy diet and lifestyle?

A．fatter; thin B．fat; thinner C．fat; fatter D．fatter; thinner

【能力拓展】

一．阅读理解

Most of Tom's neighbours were friendly. They were always ready to help each other when they were in trouble. But there was one woman who was disliked by everyone because she was always borrowing things from her neighbours but forgetting to give them back.

One morning, Tom heard a knock at his front door, and when he opened the door he found this woman outside.

“Good morning, Tom！I have to take some things to my sister in the town today, but I haven't got a horse, as you know. Will you lend me yours? I will bring it back this evening.”

“I'm sorry，” answered Tom. “If my horse was here, I would lend it to you, but it isn't.”

“Oh？” said the woman. “It was here last night because I saw it under the tree in your garden. Where is it now？”

“My wife took it to the town early this morning，” answered Tom.

Just then the horse made a big noise.

“You're not telling the truth, Tom！” the woman said angrily. “ I can hear your horse. You should tell the truth to your neighbour.”

“Sure！” said Tom. “Is it good manners to believe a horse's word rather than that of your own neighbour？”

The woman left without a word.

1．How were most of Tom's neighbours?______

A．They were impolite.      B．They were friendly.

C．They were unfriendly.     D．They were in trouble.

2．When did the woman knock at Tom's door?______

A．One morning. B．One noon.

C．One afternoon. D．One evening.

3．What did the woman want to do?______

A．She wanted to return something.   B．She was looking for her own horse.

C．She wanted to see Tom.     D．She wanted to borrow Tom's horse.

4．Why did the woman become angry?______

A．Because Tom didn't let her in.    B．Because Tom's wife took the horse to the town.

C．Because Tom didn't tell her the truth.  D．Because her horse was missing.

5．What can we infer(推断) from the passage?______

A．Tom lent his horse to the woman.   B．Tom didn't lend his horse to the woman.

C．Tom's horse was not at home then.   D．The woman told a lie.

二、语法填空

 Once there was a little girl named Meredith. Meredith enjoyed spending   1   (she) free time with her friends, but there was something different about Meredith. She was always interested in things like chemistry and history. Meredith never wanted to talk about these interests because she was afraid she would be judged(评头论足). She always learned more about these topics when she was   2   herself, so no one could find out about this. One day   3   new girl, Josie, joined her sixth-grade class, and the new girl was asked to say three things about herself. Josie stood up and   4   (start) to talk about her interests. First, she said she was interested in reading and writing   5   (story). Second, she said she liked history.   6   (three), she said she enjoyed chemistry. Meredith's eyes lit up with joy. F  7  , she had found someone who had   8   /ˈkɒmən/ interests as her. On that day, Meredith found Josie on the playground   9   ran over to talk to her. They immediately became friends and started to play at each other's houses on the weekend. And both of them felt happier than before.