初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar优秀课后练习题

Unit 5 第 3 课时 Grammar

【语法】A. 用情态动词may来表达可能性。

【精讲】英语中表达可能性的情态动词有：

(1) may表示“可能” (用于肯定句中）  【might表示可能性很小】

This book may be Tom’s.  [这本书可能是Tom的]  = Maybe/Perhaps this book is Tom’s.

Jack may come to Jurong tomorrow.  [杰克明天可能来句容]

=Maybe/Perhaps Jack come to Jurong tomorrow.

(2) can表示“可能” (用于疑问句中）

Can that be true?    [那可能是真的吗?]

(3) can’t表示“不可能” (用于否定句中）

That book can’t be Tom’s.    [那本书不可能是Tom的]

(4) must表示“肯定” (用于肯定句中）

That book must be Tom’s.    [那本书肯定是Tom的]

(5)may not 表示“可能不”。

The news may not be true.  这个新闻可能不是真的。

【拓展】①mustn’t 表示“禁止” .只用于严肃的、危险的事情，语气强烈。不表示可能性。

You mustn’t play football on the road.

②在wish后接的宾语从句中，常用过去时，表示可能性极小。

I wish (that) I could fly.             I wish (that) I were Xi Jinping .        

③我们可以用情态动词may来表示许可。

—May I see the letter? 我可以看看这封信吗？ 

—Yes, you can / may. 是的，你可以。

或—No, you can’t/may not/mustn’t. 不，你不能/不允许。

【语法】B. 动词 + to do sth.(动词不定式)用法。

【动词+ 特殊疑问词 + to do sth. 也很常用】

①动词不定式（非谓语动词）常放在这些动词后：

want(想) / begin(开始)/ try(试图) / decide(决定) / hope(希望) / prepare(准备)/ remember(记得) / forget(忘记) / agree(同意) / fail(失败、未能) / learn(学会) /plan(计划) / wish(希望) + to do sth.

②动词不定式的否定形式：在to 的前面加not.   Eg: decide not to do sth. 

③只能接doing, 不能接to do 的动词（非谓语动词）。

enjoy doing sth./ practice doing sth./ finish doing sth./miss doing sth./ mind sb./sb’s doing sth.            

keep (on) doing sth.        

特殊：1. like doing sth. /like to do sth.      （有细小区别）    

 hate doing sth./ hate to do sth.     （有细小区别）

2. start/beging to do sth.

start/begin doing sth.  (start/begin本身是进行时不能用）

④接doing, 接to do两者皆可的动词（非谓语动词)，但含义不同：

1.stop to do　停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。   stop doing　停止做某事。

2.forget to do　忘记要去做某事。(未做)   forget doing　忘记做过某事。　(已做)

3.remember to do 记得去做某事　(未做)   remember doing　记得做过某事　(已做)

4.try to do　努力，企图做某事。         try doing　试验，试着做某事。

5.go on to do　做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。　 go on doing　继续做原来做的事。

【语法】C. 重点短语和句型。

1.be afraid of them  害怕它们

2.stand with its eyes closed    眼睛闭着站着

3.work out easy maths problems   算出简单的数学题 

【重点】work out 解决、算出     ★work out为动副词组, 代词放中间→work it out

4.decide to fly the right way决定正确的方式飞

5. with the help of.....    在…的帮助下 【拓展】with the support of.....    在…的支持下

6. get lost  = lose one’s way 迷路 

7.come back the same way as they went  按原路返回

8.forget where to find the food  忘记去哪儿找到食物

1．—Have you heard that some bad things would happen in 2012?

—Don’t worry! The news ______ be true.

A．mustn’t B．may not C．needn’t D．shall not

2．We ______ stop our cars when the traffic lights turn red.

A．can B．must C．may D．might

3．A: ______ I have a look at your photos?

B: Yes, you ______.

A．May … should B．Must … can

C．May … need D．May … may

4．—Excuse me, ______ I take the magazine out of the reading room?

—Sorry, you can't. Just here, please.

A．may B．should C．must D．need

5．Everyone ______have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.

A．should B．may C．has to D．need

【基础练习】

一、根据汉语完成单词，每空一词. 

1. My little dog’s           (称重) is two kilograms .

2. A good            (开始) is half done.

3. We should take action to           (保护) wild animals .

4.Xi Wang has the same           (意思) as hope in English .

5.The students at this school are           (主要地)from the countryside.

1weight 2 beginning 3 protect 4 meaning 5mainly

二． 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Tell the children           (not play) in the street.

2. Thanks for agreeing            (show) some photos to us.

3. Do you know the earth           (travel) around the sun?

4. Listen! They           (chat) in the next room.

5. I met a friend of mine on my home yesterday，so I stop           (talk)with her .

6. He liked to tell funny stories to make people            (laugh).

7. Uncle Wang enjoys             (make) things.

8. If Simon           (not have) lunch , he           (go) hungry

9. Would you like           (write)a report for the Wild Animals Club newsletter.

10. Could you please                       (not buy)the clothes made of animal fur?

11. Some wild animals may           (die)soon because they are losing homes.

12. I hope           (get) better grades in the next test.

13.Where will you choose                   (sit)on the bus?

14.Kitty’s teacher invited me           (join)in their school trip to the World Park．

三、首字母填空

There is a big zoo in our city. There are many animals, such as elephants, tigers, monkeys, bears, snakes, dolphins and o  1   ones. Tigers, bears and some snakes have to s  2   in cages because they are dangerous.

 Elephants are the b  3   animals on land. There are two elephants in the zoo. They are very f  4  . They eat grass every day. They like children because they s  5   give them bread and bananas. They like bananas very much.

 A tiger is one of the most d  6   animals in the world. They usually live in f  7   and mountains. They eat s  8   animals like rabbits and deer. There are two tigers in the zoo.

 You can see many monkeys. They are very i  9  . They c  10   up ropes and play with each other like little children.

四、根据汉语意思完成句子

1.这些食物看起来可口，我可以吃一些吗？

The food ____________________________. Can I ________________________________?

2.很多野生动物处境危险。Many wild animals _____________________________________.

3.他们计划明天去钓鱼。They ___________________________________________tomorrow.

4.我的哥哥很少邀请我跟他一起打篮球。

My brother seldom ___________________________________________________________.

5.   有时候她会忘记关窗户。Sometimes she__________________________________________..

【能力拓展】

完型填空

    What kind of monkey lives longer, the thin or the fat?

Scientists found that monkeys   1   less may live longer and are not easy to get   2  .

Richard Weindruch of the University of Wisconsin in Madison and his team studied about it. They  3   seventy-six monkeys over twenty   4  . They let half of the monkeys eat as   5   as they wanted and made the other half eat less food. And they gave them vitamins and minerals（矿物质）to have   6   nutrient（营养）. Twenty years later they found that 37% of the monkeys who ate as much as they wanted   7  , while only 13% of the monkeys that ate less died.

When monkeys live with people and don’t live in the wild, they can   8   about twenty-seven years. Misteer Weindruch says scientists do not know why fewer calories（卡路里）can make   9   longer. But they believe it is helpful to their body.  10   of the monkeys that ate less had heart disease. The thin monkeys can remember things easily. They also look younger and healthier than the fatter ones who ate too much.

1．A．moving B．eating C．sleeping D．drinking

2．A．sad B．tall C．sick D．strong

3．A．studied B．asked C．checked D．looked

4．A．hours B．days C．months D．years

5．A．quickly B．much C．good D．little

6．A．a lot B．small C．enough D．no

7．A．died B．went C．left D．won

8．A．run B．climb C．hide D．live

9．A．hair B．life C．legs D．tails

10．A．Fewer B．More C．Less D．Further