2025-2026学年高一英语下学期第一次月考01（北京专用）

这是一份2025-2026学年高一英语下学期第一次月考01（北京专用），共4页。试卷主要包含了 难度系数， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
全解全析
考生注意：
1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
3. 难度系数：0.65。
4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
（新语境）Yunnan has a beautiful lcal traditin knwn as “Frest Bathing”. It simply means being calm and quiet amng the trees, bserving nature arund yu while breathing deeply.
During a recent trip t a frest park, I had the pprtunity t experience this first-hand. Our tur guide asked us t ___1___ ur phnes and simply walk slwly thrugh the wds. “Dn’t ___2___,” she said, “just let the frest enter thrugh yur five senses.”
At first, it felt strange t walk slwly withut a destinatin. But sn, I began t ntice details that I had ___3___ befre: the patterns n a butterfly’s wings, the sund f leaves singing in the gentle wind, the fresh smell f damp earth. Time seemed t slw dwn, and my usual wrries felt surprisingly ___4___.
Scientific studies shw that frest bathing can actually imprve bth mental and physical health. It can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and ___5___ the sleep quality. The essential ils (精油) which are released by trees, knwn as phytncides, appear t ___6___ these health benefits.
What makes this practice special is its ___7___. Unlike many wellness trends, it requires n special equipment r expensive membership. Anyne can practice it in any natural area. The nly rule is t be present and ___8___ t yur surrundings.
By the end f ur walk, I felt refreshed and mre fcused. Frest bathing reminds us that smetimes the simplest activities can be the mst ___9___. In ur busy lives, we ften frget t slw dwn and ___10____ the natural wrld. This traditin frm Yunnan ffers a gentle reminder that well-being might be clser than we think — just a walk in the wds away.
1. A. take utB. turn dwnC. glance atD. put away
2. A. hurryB. laughC. litterD. stare
3. A. chartedB. missedC. presentedD. avided
4. A. bviusB. distantC. extinctD. casual
5. A. imprveB. transfrmC. maintainD. adjust
6. A. imagineB. discverC. explainD. limit
7. A. ppularityB. sacrednessC. rmanceD. simplicity
8. A. attentiveB. gratefulC. friendlyD. beneficial
9. A. relevantB. rewardingC. sincereD. caring
10. A. prtectB. describeC. appreciateD. cntrl
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在云南体验 “森林浴” 的经历。通过放下手机、放慢脚步并留意自然细节，作者不仅感到身心放松，还了解到这种简单的活动能有效改善身心健康。
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的导游让我们把手机收起来，然后只需慢慢地在树林里漫步即可。A. take ut取出；B. turn dwn拒绝；C. glance at看一下；D. put away放好。根据上文“Yunnan has a beautiful lcal traditin knwn as “Frest Bathing”. It simply means being calm and quiet amng the trees, bserving nature arund yu while breathing deeply.(云南有一种独特的当地习俗叫做“森林浴”。其含义就是置身于树林之中，保持平和安静的状态，观察周围的自然景色，并深呼吸)”提到要进行“森林浴”，需要在树林中保持安静、观察自然。导游要求大家把手机收起来，故选D。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别着急，”她说道，“只需让这片森林通过你的五种感官进入你的内心。”A. hurry急忙；B. laugh笑；C. litter乱扔垃圾；D. stare凝视。上一句提到“walk slwly”可知，导游的话是“不要匆忙”，要让森林通过你的五感进入你的内心。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但很快，我开始留意到一些之前未曾注意到的细节：蝴蝶翅膀上的图案、微风中树叶低吟的声响、潮湿泥土散发出的新鲜气息。A. charted记录；B. missed错过；C. presented赠送；D. avided避免。后文“the patterns n a butterfly’s wings, the sund f leaves singing in the gentle wind, the fresh smell f damp earth”是作者以前未曾注意到的细节。故选B。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时间仿佛变得缓慢下来，而我往常的那些忧虑也显得异常遥远了。A. bvius明显的；B. distant遥远的；C. extinct灭绝的；D. casual随意的。根据上文“Time seemed t slw dwn, and my usual wrries felt surprisingly”可知，时间似乎慢了下来，作者平时的担忧感觉令人惊讶地遥远（即不再那么困扰我了）。故选B。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它能够减轻压力、降低血压，并提升睡眠质量。A. imprve改善；B. transfrm改变；C. maintain维持；D. adjust调整。根据上文“It can reduce stress, lwer bld pressure, and”可知，这里列举森林浴的好处：减轻压力、降低血压、改善睡眠质量。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：树木释放出的精油，即所谓的“植物杀菌素”，似乎正是这些健康益处的根源所在。A. imagine想象；B. discver发现；C. explain解释；D. limit限制。根据后文“these health benefits”可知，树木释放的精油（植物杀菌素）似乎解释了（即造成了）这些健康益处。这里是科学解释原因。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种做法的独特之处在于其简单性。A. ppularity受欢迎；B. sacredness神圣；C. rmance浪漫；D. simplicity简单。下文“Unlike many wellness trends, it requires n special equipment r expensive membership.”提到不需要特殊设备或昂贵会员费，任何人在任何自然区域都能做。这说明这种做法的特点是简单。故选D。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一的规则就是要全神贯注地留意周围环境。A. attentive专注的；B. grateful感激的；C. friendly友好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据后文“t yur surrundings”可知，唯一的规则就是 “在场”并对周围环境保持留意/专注。be attentive t意为“留意……”。故选A。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：森林浴让我们明白，有时候最简单的活动反而可能带来最大的收获。A. relevant有关的；B. rewarding值得的；C. sincere真诚的；D. caring关心他人的。根据上文“By the end f ur walk, I felt refreshed and mre fcused.”可知，最简单的活动往往是最有益的（回报最大的）。作者感到精神焕发，所以是有益的。故选B。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们忙碌的生活中，我们常常忘记要放慢脚步，去欣赏大自然的美景。A. prtect保护；B. describe描述；C. appreciate欣赏；D. cntrl控制。根据上文“In ur busy lives, we ften frget t slw dwn and”可知，在忙碌的生活中，我们经常忘记慢下来去欣赏大自然。故选C。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
（原创题）Last Saturday, I tk part in a Hanfu cultural activity in ur city square. Many yung peple dressed in beautiful Hanfu came t share the charm f traditinal Chinese clthing. I __11__ (wear) a light blue Hanfu and tk many phts with my friends. A teacher __12__ knew much abut traditinal culture tld us stries abut ancient cstumes. __13__ (mve) by the elegant beauty, I fell in lve with this traditinal art deeply.
【答案】11. wre 12. wh 13. Mved
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，内容围绕作者参加汉服文化活动、感受中华传统服饰魅力的经历展开，展现传统文化之美与文化自信。
11. 考查谓语动词（一般过去时主动语态）。全文讲述过去的经历，时态为一般过去时，主语 I 与 wear 为主动关系，故填 wre。
12. 考查定语从句关系代词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是 teacher（指人），关系词在从句中作主语，故填 wh。
13. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作状语）。句子已有谓语 fell in lve，主语 I 与 mve 为被动关系，表示“被打动”，故填 Mved。
B​
（原创题）Prtecting the envirnment has becme an imprtant task in ur daily life. Small actins can make a big difference t the earth. Lw-carbn lifestyle __14__ (advise) by experts t save energy and reduce pllutin. Things dne at hme include saving water, __15__ (reuse) paper and reducing waste. We can live a greener life __16__ chsing t walk r cycle instead f driving cars. It’s imprtant fr us t develp __17__ (practice) living habits t prtect ur hme.
【答案】14. is advised 15.reusing 16. by 17. practical
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，以“环保低碳”为主题，介绍绿色生活方式与具体做法，倡导节约资源、爱护环境的理念。
14. 考查谓语动词（一般现在时被动语态）。主语 lifestyle 与 advise 为被动关系，表示“被建议”，故填 is advised。
15. 考查非谓语动词（动名词作宾语）。空格处与saving water, reducing waste并列，故填 reusing。
16. 考查介词。by + 动名词表示“通过某种方式”，符合句意，故填 by。
17. 考查词性转换（名词→形容词）。修饰名词 habits 应用形容词，practice 的形容词形式为 practical，故填 practical。
C
（原创题）Many peple dream f success, but few can keep ging when facing difficulties. In fact, n achievement can be realized withut cntinuus effrt. Sticking t ur different__18__ (gal) is the key t making prgress. As the ld saying ges, success __19__ (require) patience and determinatin. It is strng will and hard wrk __20__ help us vercme challenges and grw int better persns.
【答案】18. gals 19. requires 20. that
【解析】本文为一篇议论文，围绕“坚持与成长”展开论述，强调努力与毅力的重要性，说明成功源于持续付出。
18. 考查名词复数。空前有“ur different”（每个人不同的目标），所以用名词复数，故填gals。
19. 考查谓语动词（一般现在时）。主语 success 为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填 requires。
20. 考查强调句型。结构为 It is…that…，强调主语 strng will and hard wrk，故填 that。
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，共38分）
第一节 （共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（原创题）Welcme t “Cash Pr Pints Rich”, a new travel blg dedicated t sharing experience with credit card pints and miles t help yu get big travel but fr small spend. With the right planning and maximizatin f available resurces, traveling as a cllege student may be easier than yu think.
Xi’an, China
If visiting a city with friendly lcals and lng histry is a pririty fr yu, there’s n better city t hit than Xi’an. It is hme t the Terractta Army and rich ancient culture. Mrever, the city’s abundance f histrical sights, tgether with its easy-ging lifestyle, makes itself ne f the mst attractive and livable large cities in China. Past travelers have spent, n average, ￥160 n meals and abut a quarter f that n lcal transprtatin fr ne day.
Siem Reap, Cambdia
Turism is develping quickly in Cambdia lately, where yu can travel fr abut ￥120 per day if yu play yur cards right. Angkr Wat and many ancient temple sites, lcated in the green cuntryside, are great destinatins t enjy sunrise and sunset while explring the area n ft. Its quiet natural paths will give yu a gd chance t uncver a peaceful paradise f yur wn.
Split, Cratia
If yu’re lking fr an affrdable Eurpean summer beach vacatin, cnsider Split. Fd is cheap and delicius. There are plenty f free things t d, althugh the favrite is spending time n the clean beaches edged by bright blue water. There are cuntless chices fr swimming in the clear sea, alng with ld twns and histrical museums t explre.
Mexic City, Mexic
Mexic City is an incredibly unique place in Nrth America, full f fascinating histry, clrful culture, tasty street fd, and a lively lcal atmsphere. There are actually a cuple f hstels in and near the histric center that ffer lw-cst accmmdatin rates fr students and yung travelers.
21. Which city best suits peple wh like t meet friendly natives and enjy lng histry?
A. Xi’an.B. Siem Reap.C. Split.D. Mexic City.
22. What d Siem Reap and Split have in cmmn?
A. Cuntless lcal festivals.B. Free turist attractins.
C. Beautiful natural r sea views.D. Large mdern museums.
23. Wh may be the target readers f this passage?
A. Parents arranging family trips.B. Students explring affrdable destinatins.
C. Elders lking fr quiet places.D. Businessmen seeking high-end htels.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花较少的费用实现旅行。
21. 细节理解题。根据 Xi’an, China 部分中提到的 “If visiting a city with friendly lcals and lng histry is a pririty fr yu, there’s n better city t hit than Xi’an.” 可知，西安最适合喜欢友好当地人、热爱历史氛围的游客。故选 A。
22. 细节理解题。根据 Siem Reap, Cambdia 部分的 “enjy sunrise and sunset while explring the area n ft” 以及 Split, Cratia 部分的 “spending time n the clean beaches edged by bright blue water” 可知，两地都拥有优美的自然或海景。故选 C。
23. 推理判断题。根据第一段提及 “help yu get big travel but fr small spend” 以及 “traveling as a cllege student may be easier than yu think”，并结合文中多次出现的低价、经济型住宿等信息可推断，目标读者是希望寻找经济实惠目的地的学生。故选 B。
B
After watching his grandmther have difficulty using tls like text and vide-call technlgy, Aadi Kulkarni, a 17-year-ld by, realized that many senirs faced the same truble — nt that they culdn’t learn, but that n ne tk the time t teach them. “What if students like me, wh grew up with technlgy, culd help senirs like her feel less left behind?” Aadi wndered.
Then everything develped in an unexpectedly seamless manner. He shared his idea with his friends, and they respnded immediately, thus funding the IT club TechPals. The grup gathered regularly at the lcal library t teach several senirs basic Internet and smartphne skills. T his surprise, the library kept inviting them back fr mre training. Wrd spread and mre senirs jined.
TechPals nw has 25 branches acrss 3 cuntries and 7 states, with ver 650 vlunteers ffering help. Over three years, the prgram has helped mre than 5,900 senirs. Vlunteers have held 150 hands-n wrkshps and nline training, teaching senirs basic digital skills. These skills enable senirs t finish daily tasks n their wn and stay cnnected with their families.
The rapid grwth f Aadi’s prgram has nt slwed him dwn. TechPals, nw a student-led nnprfit, plans t launch a pdcast (播客), create a standard digital literacy (读写能力) curse and reach custmers verseas. It als wrks with lcal representatives t slve senirs’ digital illiteracy.
In 2025, Aadi was named ne f the 25 winners f the Barrn Prize fr Yung Heres. The award hnrs yung peple aged 8 t 18 frm the United States and Canada wh have made great psitive cntributins.
“Scial influence desn’t have t require millins f dllars r a big stage,” Aadi said when interviewed. “Smetimes, it starts with a few students, a library rm and the curage t shw up.”
24. What inspired Aadi t start TechPals?
A. His friends’ interest in teaching new skills.B. Lcal senirs’ requests fr digital training.
C. His grandmther’s struggle with technlgy.D. The library’s need fr help frm vlunteers.
25. What des the underlined wrd “seamless” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Hard.B. Smth.C. Slw.D. Flexible.
26. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Devtin f the club.B. Make-up f the club.C. Challenges f the club.D. Achievements f the club.
27. What des Aadi’s stry mainly shw?
A. Teenagers can make a difference with small actins.
B. Technlgy is the key t slving scial prblems.
C. Nnprfit rganizatins need gvernment supprt.
D. Senirs shuld learn new skills t keep up with the times.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述17岁少年Aadi因祖母使用科技产品困难，创立TechPals俱乐部帮助老人，最终产生广泛积极影响的故事。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知17岁的男孩阿迪·库尔卡尼看到祖母在使用短信和视频通话等科技工具时遇到困难，他意识到许多老年人都面临着同样的问题——不是他们学不会，而是没人花时间教他们)”可知，是祖母使用科技产品时的艰难处境启发了Aadi创立TechPals俱乐部。故选C项。
25.词句猜测题。根据第二段中第二句可知他把自己的想法告诉了朋友们，朋友们立即响应，于是成立了IT俱乐部TechPals。由此推知：Aadi的想法得到快速响应，俱乐部顺利成立并开展活动，过程十分顺利，由此猜测seamless意为“顺利的、流畅的”，与smth意思相近。故选B项。
26.主旨大意题。根据第三段中的前三句可知TechPals现在在3个国家和7个州拥有25个分支机构，有超过650名志愿者提供帮助。三年来，该项目已经帮助了5900多名老年人。志愿者举办了150场实践工作坊和在线培训，向老年人教授基本的数字技能。由此推出：第三段主要介绍了TechPals俱乐部的规模、志愿者数量、帮助的老人人数以及开展的培训活动等，核心是阐述俱乐部取得的成就。故选D项。
27.推理判断题。根据最后一段以及全文内容可知，Aadi从帮助祖母和身边老人的小事做起，最终创立的俱乐部产生了广泛的社会影响，他的故事主要表明青少年可以通过微小的行动产生改变。故选A项。
C
（新语境）Screens are increasingly taking ver mre and mre f ur life, leading sme researchers t wrry abut the effect f lng-term use n lder adults’ brain. It has been suggested that this might lead t s-called digital dementia — that depending n digital technlgy thrughut ur life might harm ur cgnitive functin (认知功能) in ur later years.
But new research shws this wrry desn’t appear t be true, at least fr the generatin f adults wh first usually used smartphnes, cmputers and the Internet — and wh are nw reaching the age when cgnitive impairment (障碍) ften starts t appear.
In a paper published n Mnday in Nature Human Behaviur, Scullin and his c-authr Jared Benge, a neurpsychlgist at the University f Texas at Austin, examined 57 studies f digital technlgy use and cgnitive functin in mre than 400,000 lder adults acrss the wrld. They fund that peple in the “digital pineer” generatin wh made mre use f digital technlgy did nt have higher rates f cgnitive impairment. In fact, technlgy use was related t lwer rates f cgnitive decline. Yet the nature f the relatinship between these factrs remains unclear.
“I was nt especially surprised by the results,” says neurscientist Sam Gilbert f University Cllege Lndn, wh was nt part f the study. “This study prvides a challenge t the widespread fears abut ‘digital dementia’ and highlights the pssibility f technlgy as a tl fr cgnitive imprvement,” says Chiara Scarampi, a neurscientist at the University f Geneva, wh als was nt part f the study.
“‘Digital dementia’ has always felt like a catchy but verstated idea t me,” she adds. “Cgnitive fflading — using tls like reminders r GPS — is nt harmful. In fact, it can free up cgnitive resurces fr mre ther tasks.”
28. What can we infer abut digital dementia?
A. It can be treated easily.B. It will d harm t ur brain.
C. It is cmmn amng the elderly.D. It is related t technlgy veruse.
29. What is Chiara Scarampi’s attitude twards the results f the study?
A. Dubtful.B. Favurable.C. Unclear.D. Curius.
30. In which part f a newspaper can yu find the text?
A. Sprts.B. Peple.C. Science.D. Envirnment.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。随着科技发展，人们使用数码产品的时间越来越长，很多研究人员担心这会导致数码痴呆症，损伤我们晚年的认知功能，然而最新研究表明，这个担心可能是多余的。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“It has been suggested that this might lead t s-called digital dementia — that depending n digital technlgy thrughut ur life might harm ur cgnitive functin (认知功能) in ur later years.(有人认为，这可能会导致所谓的数字痴呆症——一生依赖数字技术可能会在晚年损害我们的认知功能)”可知，数字痴呆症被认为与过度使用数字技术相关。故选D。
29 推理判断题。根据第四段中“This study prvides a challenge t the widespread fears abut ‘digital dementia’ and highlights the pssibility f technlgy as a tl fr cgnitive imprvement(这项研究对人们普遍存在的对‘数字痴呆症’的担忧提出了质疑，并强调了技术作为认知改善工具的可能性)”和第五段中“‘Digital dementia’ has always felt like a catchy but verstated idea t me(在我看来，‘数字痴呆症’一直是一个吸引人但言过其实的说法)”可推知，Chiara Scarampi认可该研究结果，对其持支持态度。故选B。
30. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a paper published n Mnday in Nature Human Behaviur, Scullin and his c-authr Jared Benge, a neurpsychlgist at the University f Texas at Austin, examined 57 studies f digital technlgy use and cgnitive functin in mre than 400,000 lder adults acrss the wrld.(本周一，斯卡林和他的合著者、德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的神经心理学家贾里德·本奇在《自然·人类行为》上发表了一篇论文，研究了全球40多万老年人使用数字技术与认知功能的57项研究)”以及第四段中“says neurscientist Sam Gilbert f University Cllege Lndn, wh was nt part f the study(伦敦大学学院的神经科学家山姆·吉尔伯特说，他并未参与这项研究)”可知，文章围绕专业的科学研究展开，还引用了神经科学家的专业观点，这类内容属于科学范畴。由此推知，本文可能在报纸的科学版块找到。故选C。
D
Fr a lng time, plant tissues were thught t be incapable f remaking. When that was disprved in the early 1900s, researchers fcused largely n rts, where many bacteria (细菌) are invlved in sil-based fd cycling. Whatever might be living within a plant’s shts, trunks and leaves was mstly ignred.
Fr a recent study in Nature, researchers analyzed abut 150 trees acrss 16 species t map their trunk micrbial cmmunities. They estimate (估计) a single mature tree hsts rughly ne trillin bacteria in its “micrbime” (微生物组) with distinct cmmunities in different layers. In ther wrds, the trees have methane (甲烷)-prducing bacteria which may release greenhuse gases. “It turned ut what’s living inside the trees was really different frm what we fund anywhere else in the frest,” says the study’s c-lead authr, Jnathan Gewirtzman, an ecsystem eclgist at Yale University.
T examine the trunk’s hidden cmmunity, Gewirtzman and his clleagues drilled int living tree trunks t cllect thin cre samples, which they immediately frze with dry ice t prevent micrbial activity. They then separated the cres int side wd and heartwd, grund the frzen wd int pwder and rdered the bacteria in each layer. T study the activity f living micrbes, they als sealed hles drilled int trees and later measured gases such as methane released by different layers.
The researchers learned that when trees are evlutinarily clse, they tend t have similar micrbimes. And the team fund a surprise deep inside the trunks: “In the lder and inner heartwd,” Gewirtzman says, “we saw micrbes mre like what yu’d find in a wetland — anaerbic bacteria and methane prducers,” species suited t a waterlgged and xygen-pr envirnment.
Sme bacteria in the uter layers may cnsume part f that methane, the researchers fund, but the study suggests that methane-prducing bacteria inside trees culd still create greenhuse gas emissins (排放) scientists shuld figure int calculatins.
“It is a really nice study, as they did smething different frm mst: cmparing the inner wd against the uter wd. By studying these natural plant-micrbe partnerships, we can understand which bacteria are imprtant and active t add back int ur agricultural system,” a plant micrbilgist says.
31. What can we learn abut the lng-standing view regarding plant tissues?
A. It claimed that plant tissues culd nt regrw.
B. It was disprved by research n sil fd cycling.
C. It stressed the rle f bacteria in plant shts and leaves.
D. It was fully supprted by studies n plant rts in the 1900s.
32. What des the Nature study reveal abut the bacterial cmmunities in tree trunks?
A. Bacteria in different tree species share same characteristics.
B. Bacterial cmmunities in tree trunks are identical t thse in rts.
C. The number f bacteria in a tree’s micrbime is fixed at ne trillin.
D. Certain bacteria within tree trunks culd cntribute t greenhuse gases.
33. What is the primary fcus f the researchers’ wrk in paragraph 3?
A. Cmparing the gas-releasing abilities f different tree species.
B. Develping effective ways t preserve tree trunk cre samples.
C. Explring tree trunk micrbes by varius experimental methds.
D. Analyzing the relatinship between tree age and micrbial variety.
34. What is the significance f the study n tree trunk micrbes?
A. It helps understand key bacteria fr agricultural system imprvement.
B. It updates the lng-standing view that plant tissues are extremely active.
C. It finds a way t clear away methane-prducing bacteria in tree trunks.
D. It prves that tree rts are less imprtant than trunks fr fd cycling.
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现树干中存在大量微生物，部分细菌可能产生温室气体，研究有助于理解农业系统中的关键细菌。
31. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fr a lng time, plant tissues were thught t be incapable f remaking.(长期以来，人们认为植物组织无法再生。)”可知，长期以来人们认为植物组织无法再生。故选A。
32. 细节理解题。根据第二段第前三句可知：《自然》杂志近期发表的一项研究中，研究人员分析了 16 个树种的约 150 棵树木，绘制出树干微生物群落的分布图谱。他们估算，一棵成熟树木的 “微生物组” 中约寄生着一万亿个细菌，且不同层次的微生物群落特征各异。换言之，树木体内含有产甲烷细菌，这类细菌可能释放温室气体。因此，《自然》杂志的研究揭示了树干中的某些细菌可能会产生温室气体。故选D。
33. 推理判断题。根据第三段中第一句 (为了研究树干中的隐藏微生物群落，Gewirtzman和他的同事钻入活树干中收集薄的核心样本，然后立即用干冰冷冻以防止微生物活动。)以及最后一句（为了研究活微生物的活动，他们还密封了钻入树干的孔，随后测量了不同层次释放的甲烷等气体。)”可知，研究人员工作的主要重点是通过多种实验方法探索树干微生物。故选C。
34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中第二句可知：通过研究这些天然的植物-微生物合作关系，我们可以了解哪些细菌对农业系统很重要且活跃，从而将其重新引入农业系统。推出，这项研究有助于理解农业系统中的关键细菌。故选A。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Be a Rle Mdel
Being a rle mdel is a big respnsibility, especially when yu’re n the jb. Hw can yu set a great example fr yur peers withut setting impssible expectatins fr yurself? ____35____ We’ve utlined sme simple qualities and characteristics assciated with gd rle mdels.
Act cnfidently. ____36____ Being cnfident features knwing yur self-wrth and yur strengths, while arrgance centers n feelings f self-imprtance. Yu may take the lead n a prject that matches yur skillset and plitely crrect a c-wrker when they share incrrect infrmatin.
Address yur weaknesses. Rle mdels aren’t afraid t expse their weaknesses in a new way. Despite ppular belief, they aren’t flawless and perfect at everything they d. ____37____ Yu might ask thers fr advice n hw t handle a tugh prject and say “n” t new cmmitments if yu already have a full schedule.
Respect everyne arund yu. Respect earns yu ther peple’s trust and admiratin. A gd rle mdel makes an effrt t understand the feelings f their peers, care abut their struggles, and treat thers the way they’d like t be treated. Yu culd try t wait fr yur turn t speak and ffer a helping hand. ____38____
___39____. Rle mdels give their peers plenty f pprtunities t imprve. Take a mment t acknwledge hw hard yur teammate has wrked and let them knw hw they can make their next draft r revisin even strnger. Keep yur tne clear, kind, and direct, s yur peer cmpletely understands hw t d an even better jb in the future. Yu might say: “I appreciate all the hard wrk yu put int this draft. Wuld yu mind giving it anther read-thrugh fr small errrs?”
A. Share cnstructive feedback.
B. Appreciate yur peers’ effrts.
C. Dn’t wrry—yu’ve cme t the right place.
D. Fllw these suggestins, and yu’ll be a true rle mdel.
E. Dn’t frget t aplgize if yu mess up during a prject.
F. Instead, they try t understand their drawbacks and imprve them.
G. Rle mdels have faith in their wn abilities withut being vercnfident.
【答案】35. C 36. G 37. F 38. E 39. A
【解析】本篇是说明文。介绍了职场上，如何成为一个好榜样。
35. 根据逻辑关系推断。文章由问题引入，空前一句问到“成为榜样是一项重大的责任，尤其是当你在职的时候。你怎样才能在不给自己设定不切实际的期望的情况下为同龄人树立一个好榜样呢？” 作者认为读者对此不了解，此空应是承上启下句，C项“Dn’t wrry—yu’ve cme t the right place.”（别担心——你来对地方了。作者请读者不要着急：）对应上文的问题，而后立即说明怎么到了right place--“We’ve utlined sme simple qualities and characteristics assciated with gd rle mdels.” （我们已经概述了一些与良好榜样相关的简单品质和特征。）以帮助读者答疑解惑、给他们以指导。故选C。
36. 第二段第一句提到“Act cnfidently.”（要自信），空处后提到“Being cnfident features knwing yur self-wrth and yur strengths, while arrgance centers n feelings f self-imprtance.”（自信的特点是知道你的自我价值和你的优势，而傲慢的中心是自我重视的感觉。）由此判断，空处应该探讨自信和自大两个话题，G项“Rle mdels have faith in their wn abilities withut being vercnfident.”（榜样对自己的能力有信心，但不会过于自信。）该项起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。cnfidence成为连接上下句的关键词。故选G。
37. 前文提到“Despite ppular belief, they aren’t flawless and perfect at everything they d.”（尽管人们普遍认为，但他们并非事事都完美无瑕。）其中代词“they”是指代“rle mdels”, F项中“instead”（相反的是）否定了前一句中的“ppular belief”（流行的看法）, 即：Rle mdels are flawless and perfect at everything they d（榜样在他们做的每件事上都是完美无瑕的），每个榜样也都非事事无暇，进而说明了榜样实际上是这样做的——尽量找出自己的不足并加以改正。F项“Instead, they try t understand their drawbacks and imprve them.”（相反，他们试图了解自己的缺点并加以改进。）该项起到承上启下的作用，符合文意。故选F。
38. 第四段第一句提到“Respect everyne arund yu.”（尊重你身边的每一个人）并根据本段中“Yu culd try t wait fr yur tum t speak and ffer a helping hand.”（你可以试着等轮到你说话的时候再伸出援助之手。）可知，空处前后文都在提出“尊重他人”的具体建议，因此，该空处应该也是关于尊重别人的建议。E项“Dn’t frget t aplgize if yu mess up during a prject.”（如果你在项目中搞砸了，别忘了道歉。）该项提到了在一些活动中，如果因为自己的原因造成了不好的影响，应该要处于尊重他人的目的向身边的人道歉，该项符合文意。故选E。
39. 此空位于句首，因此是此段中心句。空后句提到“Rle mdels give their peers plenty f pprtunities t imprve.”（榜样给他们的同伴很多提升的机会。）由此判断，好的榜样要给予同伴机会以促进他们进步，而非仅仅是肯定同伴的努力。A项“Share cnstructive feedback.”（分享建设性的反馈。）该项起到引出下文的作用，符合文意。A项中的cnstructive对应后文中的imprve，strnger。故选A。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
（原创题）Le, a 15-year-ld high schl student, was wrried when he saw many elderly peple living alne in his cmmunity. They ften felt lnely and had difficulty buying daily things r using smartphnes. He wanted t d smething t brighten their lives.
First, Le started visiting the elderly nce a week. He listened t their stries, helped them buy vegetables and medicine, and taught them hw t make vide calls. Sn, sme f his classmates jined him. They frmed a small vlunteer team.
Later, Le realized that the elderly als needed mre chances t cmmunicate. He rganized small activities: reading alud, singing simple sngs, and sharing shrt vides f their families. The elderly enjyed the warm time very much and smiled mre than befre.
T help mre peple, Le made a shrt vide nline t call n mre teenagers t care fr the elderly. Many students saw it and jined the vlunteer team. Lcal cmmunity centers als ffered supprt, prviding rms and small gifts fr the activities.
Nw the vlunteer grup is grwing. Le believes that kindness is nt abut ding great things, but abut keeping ding small and warm things fr peple in need.
40. Hw did Le help the elderly at first?
_________________________________________________________________________
41. What did Le rganize t help the elderly cmmunicate mre?
_________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Le made a shrt vide nline t ask peple t send mney t the elderly in need.
_________________________________________________________________________
43. Amng Le’s qualities, which ne(s) d yu think are imprtant fr us? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
40. He started visiting the elderly nce a week, listened t their stries, helped them buy daily things, and taught them t use smartphnes.
41. He rganized small activities, such as reading alud, singing simple sngs and sharing shrt vides f families.
42. Le made a shrt vide nline t ask peple t send mney t the elderly in need.
理由：He made the vide t call n mre teenagers t care fr the elderly, nt t ask fr mney.
43. One pssible versin:
I think Le’s kindness and sense f respnsibility are imprtant qualities fr us. First, kindness makes us care abut peple in need and bring warmth t the lnely elderly. Besides, respnsibility encurages us t take actin and keep helping thers, making ur cmmunity a better place.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述 15 岁的 Le 关注社区独居老人，主动提供帮助、组织暖心活动，并号召更多青少年参与志愿服务的故事。
40.考查细节理解。根据第二段 “First, Le started visiting the elderly nce a week. He listened t their stries, helped them buy vegetables and medicine, and taught them hw t make vide calls.” 可知答案。
41.考查细节理解。根据第三段 “Later, Le realized that the elderly als needed mre chances t cmmunicate. He rganized small activities: reading alud, singing simple sngs, and sharing shrt vides f their families.” 可知答案。
42.考查推理判断。根据第四段 “T help mre peple, Le made a shrt vide nline t call n mre teenagers t care fr the elderly.” 可知，他发视频是为了号召更多青少年关爱老人，并非募捐。故划线错误部分：t ask peple t send mney t the elderly in need。
43.考查开放性表达。围绕善良、责任心、行动力、热心公益等品质作答，合理即可。如：I think Le’s kindness and sense f respnsibility are imprtant qualities fr us. First, kindness makes us care abut peple in need and bring warmth t the lnely elderly. Besides, respnsibility encurages us t take actin and keep helping thers, making ur cmmunity a better place.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）。
第二节（20分）
假定你是李华，你校将以The Persn I Admire为题举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.人物介绍；
2.你的感想。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Persn I Admire
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
The Persn I Admire
The persn I admire is my English teacher. She is nt nly a knwledgeable language expert, but als a patient educatr. I’m deeply impressed by her ability t prvide me with practical suggestins. Every time I cmmunicate with her, I feel s warm. She never fails t inspire me t cntinue learning and imprving my English.
In a wrd, I’m truly grateful t my English teacher fr her guidance and supprt in my language learning jurney. She is a remarkable teacher that I admire.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将以The Persn I Admire为题举办英语征文比赛，要求考生写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
钦佩：admire → respect/esteem
专家：expert → specialist
建议：suggestin → prpsal/advice
感激的：grateful → thankful
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In a wrd, I’m truly grateful t my English teacher fr her guidance and supprt in my language learning jurney.
拓展句：In a wrd, I’m truly grateful t my English teacher because she always guides and supprts me in my language learning jurney.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] The persn I admire is my English teacher. (运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Every time I cmmunicate with her, I feel s warm. (运用了every time引导的时间状语从句)
（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）