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人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle当堂达标检测题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle当堂达标检测题，共11页。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. T （烟草） has lng been recgnized as a huge health threat.
2. We culd nt find any relatin between the presence f heart disease and a （酒精） cnsumptin.
3. The frum dealt with issues such as drug a （滥用），vilence and unemplyment.
4. Fd webs may be d （控制）by many weak links because that arrangement is mre stable ver the lng term.
5. Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial p （心理学）.
6. If the mnkeys tuched the left side f the screen they wuld be r （奖励） with seven drps f water r juice.
7. The new airprt will f （促进）the develp-ment f turism.
8. Several recent studies e （调查）the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
9. Smetimes ignrance and n （消极的）utlks n situatins can create anger.
10. A gentleman is pen-minded and ptimistic；a small persn is narrw-minded and p （悲观的）.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. Nt everyne acts the same （回应） events，and that is why what triggers ne persn may r may nt trigger anther.
2. In the mdern wrld，we （很大程度上依赖电脑）t rganize ur wrk.
3. A gd judgement is that if yur cunt is belw 30 secnds，yu shuld seek shelter （立刻）.
4. They （决定） a tur t the United States in 1964.
5. Nervusness and fear （被取代）jy.
6. She’s trying t （想出，找出） a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.
7. There is （没有捷径完成）a difficult task.
8. Inspired by Carrll，I have （养成习惯） trying t learn seven amazing things befre breakfast.
9. They gave us entertainment，prviding us a means t safely （释放压力）.
10. N matter what yu like t d，there is a way t （参与各种活动）n Earth Day.
11. As fr the plan，yu can （做出适当的改变）t suit the lcal cnditins.
12. In additin t the gvernment，cnsumers （有能力） make the ecnmy green.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead healthy adjustment，high status has just the ppsite effect n us.
2. The scientists attended a meeting where many experts discussed hw t prevent peple frm
（expse）t plluted water.
3. In ne study，Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents，scring the least liked，the mst liked and the highest in status based student surveys.
4. Tday，many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than （fcus）n Chinese traditins.
5. He fund the bss was hard （get）alng with.
6. My advice is yu shuld aplgize t him fr yur rude behavir.
7. Aside being gd exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
8. The tw peple willingly act part-time wrkers，enugh hurs between them t fulfill the duties f a full-time wrker.
9. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl，as well as thse least liked in elementary schl，are“mst likely （engage） in dangerus and risky behavir.”
10. The study f traditins shuld be cmbined practice.
Ⅳ. 练通句型
【一句多译】
1. 该委员会由十名经验丰富的法官组成。
①The cmmittee ten experienced judges. （make up）
②The cmmittee ten experienced judges. （cmpse）
③The cmmittee ten experienced judges. （cnsist）
2. 什么都不能阻止他说出相反的意见。
①Nthing wuld speaking ut ppsite ideas. （prevent）
②Nthing wuld speaking ut ppsite ideas. （discurage）
3. 盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。
① the thieves dn’t knw hw much it is wrth. （be likely that）
②Thieves hw much it is wrth.（be likely t d）
4.我打算买辆新车来取代那辆旧车。
①I’m ging t buy a new car . （t d不定式作目的状语）
② I’m ging t a new ne. （replace A with B）
【句式升级】
5. T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential fr parents.
（形式主语）
6. The medicine will wrk best if it is taken accrding t the instructins.
（if省略句）
能力提升练
= 5 \* ROMAN V.教材语法填空
With teenagers 1. （grw）up，they may frm sme bad habits，which may dminate a teenager’s life. Hw is a habit frmed frm the perspective f psychlgy? A “cue”，a “rutine” and the“reward”make up the“habit cycle”. Fr instance，when we feel unhappy（cue），we eat unhealthy snacks （rutine），
2. makes us feel happy（reward）. The reward makes us much mre likely 3. （cntinue）the cycle，and 4. bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.
5. （facilitate）a psitive change in ur bad habits，we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then adapt them by 6. （cmbine）the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. We can replace a negative rutine 7. smething mre psitive. S，when we feel unhappy again（cue）， in 8. （respnd） t the cue，we can listen t ur favurite music（rutine），9. （make） us feel relaxed（reward）. Aside frm changing bad habits，we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits
10. （repeated）. Thugh it’s nt easy t break bad habits，yung peple shuld build a happy and healthy life.
VI.阅读理解
A
Jack was 11 mnths ld in the spring f 2015 when his parents，Erika and Christpher，recgnized his develpment was nt prgressing as it shuld. The feeling was familiar t the cuple. Just a few mnths earlier，Jack’s brther Chase，wh is 16 mnths lder，had been diagnsed with autism（自闭症） after he did nt reach mtin and language standards as expected.
Jack’s behavirs were similarly delayed，and his parents tk immediate actin t seek help. Tday，Jack is 8—he celebrated his birthday n May 13—and he can speak in full sentences and read. After tw years at a preschl that specializes in services fr children with develpmental disabilities，he will start kindergarten in the Smithtwn schl district in September.“Our family’s experience is a gd example f the pwer and effectiveness f early interventin. The services ur bys have received made all the difference，”the parents said.
Accrding t scientists，autism can be detected at 18 mnths r yunger，and by age 2 a diagnsis can be cnsidered “very reliable”.The parents said they were happy with Chase’s success at the learning center，but still had cncerns fr Jack because he was nt speaking. Develping scial and cmmunicatin skills can be amng the greatest challenges fr individuals with autism，even if they are able t say a few wrds early n.“We didn’t knw if he was ever ging t talk，”Erika said.“That was my biggest fear. We just didn’t knw.”
Lking ahead，the parents are cautiusly ptimistic abut Jack’s next educatinal mve. He desn’t handle change well，they said，and he likes t knw his rutine. Still，they express cnfidence that his time at the learning center has given him the skills he needs t be successful.
1. Hw did Jack’s parents knw he suffered frm autism?
A. They fund the baby clever.B. They judged by their experience.
C. They fund he didn’t develp.D. They checked n him in the hspital.
2. What did the parents think f the early interventin?
A. It made n difference t the babies.B. It benefitted the babies greatly.
C. It gt their babies mre disabled.D. It helped their babies speak fluently.
3. What can we learn frm the third paragraph?
A. Autism can be cnfirmed at 18 mnths ld.
B. Jack’s parents were cnfident abut his mtr skills.
C. Chase’s parents were dubtful abut his develpment.
D. Jack’s parents wrried abut his language skills mst.
4. What is the text mainly talking abut?
A. Autism can be cured if parents take actin early.
B. Parents shuld be cnfident abut their children’s future.
C. Early interventin in autism culd imprve children’s life.
D. Cmmunicatin skills shuld be develped as early as pssible.
B
Liu Jichen， a student frm Tsinghua University，has develped a WeChat mini-prgram called“Clear Yur Plate”. After a meal，users can pen the mini-prgram and take a picture f their empty plates. Once the image is recgnized by the AI（Artificial Intelligence），students can cllect pints and use them t buy gifts r purchase charity meals fr children in impverished（贫困的） rural areas.
Liu and his team，tgether with ther rganiz- atins，launched the“Clear Yur Plate”campaign in Nvember fr the third year. It has swept ver 1，017 universities acrss the cuntry. The ne-mnth campaign attracted almst 1.6 millin participants and cllectively reduced fd waste by 862 tns and carbn emissins（碳排放） by 3，337 tns.
The idea t develp such a mini-prgram came frm Liu’s experience in a canteen. In 2017，he fund that a restaurant wuld give diners wh finished ff their fd a card and ffer small gifts after a certain number f cards had been cllected.
“Technlgical innvatin is a gd way t reduce fd waste，”Liu thught. He rganized a team f 20 members t wrk n the prject at the end f 2017. T slve the AI’s prblem f identifying phts f empty plates，the team spent half a year cllecting ver 100，000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018，the mini-prgram was fficially put int peratin n Oct 16，Wrld Fd Day. They then launched a campaign later that year.
“There were s many unknwns in research and develpment. Fr ur team members，the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it，”Liu said. Nt nly did they achieve their gal，but nw，the mini-prgram has mre than 5 millin registered users，accrding t Liu.“We hpe ur effrts can start a new trend amng the yunger generatin by encuraging them t cherish（珍惜） their fd and develp the habit f thrift（节约），”Liu added.
5. What can we knw abut the“Clear Yur Plate”mini-prgram?
A. It aims t put an end t waste and encurage thrift.
B. Its 6 millin users are mstly students.
C. It helped reduce fd waste by 3，337 tns.
D. It is an exchange f fd fr rewards.
6. What was the biggest challenge Liu and his team faced?
A. They fund it tugh t prmte the campaign.
B. They felt uncertain whether they culd cmplete the prject.
C. They lacked prfessinal technical supprt.
D. They had difficulty gathering enugh samples.
7. Which f the fllwing best describes Liu Jichen?
A. Optimistic and demanding.B. Generus and respnsible.
C. Talented and humrus.D. Creative and determined.
8. What is the text?
A. A guidebk.B. A news reprt.
C. A bk review.D. A textbk.
VII.完形填空
My bed is the best part f my hme，where I g t find 1 after a lng stressful day. Hwever，lately，I get 2 just lking at it. I can’t fall asleep. I’m a 3 f insmnia（失眠）.
I’m nt 4 ：studies shw mre than ne in three peple wrldwide 5 insmnia. Sme peple can get t sleep n time，but 6 much t early；thers get a full-night sleep but still feel very 7 when they wake up. And then there are peple like me，rdinary insmniacs wh tss and turn all night.
Insmnia is a side effect f 8 . T find the cure，dctrs first find ut the 9 by keeping a“sleep diary”，in which yu 10 yur sleep habits. The 11 may indicate lifestyle patterns，which are causing yur prblem. A specialist in sleep disrders writes，“A gd sleep diary can 12 allw the patients t‘cure themselves’. ”
A gd night’s sleep is created during the day. 13 at the beginning f the day，and stay away frm caffeine in the afternn. After dark，dim the lights and try t 14 stress. Our bdies like 15 patterns. If yu can’t fall asleep，try listening t sft music. Yu’ll mst likely be asleep.
1. A. curageB. relaxatinC. decisinD. wisdm
2. A. cnfidentB. skepticalC. nervusD. curius
3. A. victimB. specialistC. recrderD. witness
4. A. sadB. alne C. pleasedD. afraid
5. A. refer tB. adapt tC. benefit frmD. suffer frm
6. A. get upB. lk upC. wake upD. turn up
7. A. exhaustedB. cncernedC. embarrassed D. frightened
8. A. entertainmentB. anxietyC. hesitatin D. lneliness
9. A. apprachB. dataC. symptmD. cause
10. A. develpB. recrdC. breakD. change
11. A. effectB. cure C. dctrD. diary
12. A. seldmB. rarelyC. ften D. ccasinally
13. A. SleepB. WrkC. ReadD. Exercise
14. A. experienceB. accumulateC. reduceD. inspire
15. A. cnsistentB. variusC. nrmalD. irregular
课时把关练
Part I Reading and Thinking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. Tbacc 2. alchl 3. abuse 4. dminated 5. psychlgy
6. rewarded 7. facilitate 8. examined 9. negative 10. pessimistic
Ⅱ. 1. in respnse t 2. rely heavily n cmputers 3. straight away 4. decided n
5. were replaced with 6. cme up with 7. n shrt cuts t accmplishing 8. develped/created/built/frmed a habit f 9. free urselves frm stress 10. get invlved in varius activities 11. make apprpriate changes
12. have the pwer t
Ⅲ. 1. t 句意：它清楚地表明，虽然惹人喜爱可以带来健康的调节能力，但高地位对我们的影响恰恰相反。lead t 导致。
2. being expsed 句意：科学家们参加了一个会议，会上许多专家讨论了如何防止人们接触到被污染的水。prevent sb. frm ding sth. 阻止某人做某事，be expsed t 暴露于，此处peple和expse之间是被动关系，故填being expsed。
3. n 句意：在一项研究中，普林斯坦博士对235名青少年的两种受欢迎程度进行了调查，根据学生调查结果，他们分别对最不受欢迎、最受欢迎和地位最高（的学生）进行打分。be based n以……为基础。
4. fcusing 句意：如今，许多中国人正在学习西方的风格和理论，而不是关注中国传统。此处learning和fcusing是并列结构，故填fcusing。
5. t get 句意：他发现这个老板很难相处。主语+be+adj. +t d为固定句式。
6. that 句意：我的建议是你应该为自己无礼的行为向他道歉。这是一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that来引导。
7. frm 句意：除了是一项好的运动之外，游泳还是一种非常有用的技能。aside frm 除了。
8. as 句意：这两个人自愿当兼职工人，他们有足够的时间履行一个全职工人的职责。act as 充当。
9. t engage 句意：那些在中学里地位最高的学生，以及那些在小学里最不被喜欢的学生最有可能接触危险和冒险行为。be likely t d sth.很可能做某事。
10. with 句意：对传统的研究应该与实践相结合。cmbine A with B 把A和B结合起来。
Ⅳ. 1. ①is made up f
② is cmpsed f
③ cnsists f be cmpsed f/be made up f/cnsist f的意思都是“包含，包括，由……构成”。其中，cnsist f不能用于被动语态。该句还可用make up“组成”来改写：Ten experienced judges make up the cmmittee. 。
2. ① prevent him frm
②discurage him frm prevent/discurage/stp/keep sb. frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事，其中keep sb. frm ding sth.中的frm不可省略，其他几个结构中的frm可以省略， 类似的结构还有ban sb. frm ding sth.“禁止某人做某事”。
3. ①It’s mre than likely that be likely that...“很可能……”。
②are mre than likely nt t knw sb. be likely t d sth.某人很有可能做某事。
4. ①t replace the ld ne
②replace my ld car with 用……替换……
5. It is essential fr parents t prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life. 不定式可以作主语，但是当主语太长，句子结构不合理时，可用it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。
6. The medicine will wrk best if taken accrding t the instructins. 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。
= 5 \* ROMAN V.【语篇解读】本文探讨了青少年习惯的养成规律。
1. grwing with teenagers grwing up=as teenagers grw up，意为“随着青少年的长大”。此处为with复合结构，teenagers 与grw之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。
2. which which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容。
3. t cntinue （be）likely t d sth.“有可能做某事”，为固定搭配。
4. the 此处指的是依赖不健康零食的不良习惯，是特指，故用the。
5. T facilitate 此处表目的，用不定式短语作目的状语。
6. cmbining by是介词，后面用v.-ing形式。
7. with replace sth. with sth.“用……取代……”，为固定搭配。
8. respnse in respnse t sth.“对某事作出回应”，为固定搭配。
9. making making...是现在分词短语作结果状语。
10. repeatedly 修饰动词应使用副词，repeatedly反复地。
VI. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对父母发现孩子有自闭症并及时进行了治疗，使孩子的情况有所改善的故事。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The feeling was familiar t the cuple. Just a expected.”可知，Jack的父母是根据第一个孩子Chase被诊断为自闭症的经验来断定Jack也有自闭症。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Our family’s experience all the difference，’the parents said.”可知，这对父母认为早期干预对孩子很有好处。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We didn’t knw if he was ever ging t was my biggest fear.”可知，Jack的父母最担心他的语言能力。
4. C 主旨大意题。文章通过一个家庭的例子证明了对自闭症的早期干预可以改善儿童的生活。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了清华大学的学生柳济琛开发了一个名为“光盘打卡”的微信小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少食物浪费。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After a meal，users can pen the mini-prgram and take a picture f their empty plates. Once the image is recgnized by the AI（Artificial Intelligence），students can cllect pints and use them t buy gifts r purchase charity meals fr children in impverished rural areas.”可知，这个程序用奖励来换食物。
6. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘There were s many un-knwns in research and develpment. Fr ur team members，the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it，’Liu said.”可知，对于是否能完成这个项目柳济琛和他的团队是不确定的，这是他们最大的挑战。故选B。
7. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Liu Jichen，a student frm Tsinghua University，has develped a WeChat mini- prgram called‘Clear Yur Plate’.”及第三段第一句“The idea t develp such a mini-prgram came frm Liu’s experience in a canteen.”可知，柳济琛是极具创造性的人；根据第四段中“T slve the AI’s prblem f identifying phts f empty plates，the team spent half a year cllecting ver 100，000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018，the mini-prgram was fficially put int peratin n Oct 16，Wrld Fd Day.”可知，柳济琛是意志坚定的。
8. B 推理判断题。第一段提到“Liu Jichen，a student frm Tsinghua University，has develped a WeChat mini-prgram called‘Clear Yur Plate’.”之后，文章就此展开，由此可知， 本文主要讲述了柳济琛开发了“光盘打卡”的微信小程序。由此可判断，本文最有可能是一篇新闻报道。
VII. 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了失眠的原因及解决方法。
1. B “我”的床是“我”家里最好的地方，在漫长而紧张的一天结束后，“我”会去那里放松（relaxatin）一下。curage勇气；decisin决定；wisdm智慧。由after a lng stressful day可知，作者去床上是为了放松。故选B项。
2. C 不过，最近“我”一看见它就紧张（nervus）。cnfident 自信的；skeptical怀疑的；curius好奇的。结合后文“I can’t fall asleep.”可知，“我”睡不着，所以一看见床就紧张。故选C项。
3. A “我”是失眠的受害者（victim）。specialist专家；recrder 记录员；witness证人。
4. B “我”不孤单（alne）：研究显示全世界超过三分之一的人遭受失眠之苦。sad悲伤的；pleased高兴的；afraid害怕的。
5. D suffer frm insmnia遭受失眠之苦。refer t参考；adapt t适应；benefit frm受益于。
6. C 有些人可以按时睡觉，但醒（wake up）得太早；另一些人睡了一整晚…… get up起床；lk up查找；turn up出现。
7. A ……另一些人睡了一整晚，但醒来时仍然感到非常疲惫（exhausted）。cncerned担心的；embarrassed尴尬的；frightened害怕的。
8. B 失眠是焦虑（anxiety）的副作用。entertainment娱乐；hesitatin犹豫；lneliness孤独。结合句意及常识可知，失眠可能是由焦虑造成的。故选B项。
9. D 为了找到治疗方法，医生们首先要通过记录你的睡眠习惯的“睡眠日记”来找出病因（cause）。apprach方法；data数据；symptm症状。
10. B 结合上文keeping a“sleep diary”可知，需要记录（recrd）你的睡眠习惯。develp发展；break打破；change改变。
11. D 日记（diary）可以显示生活模式，这是造成你的问题的原因。effect效果；cure治疗；dctr医生。结合前文的sleep diary可知，此处是指睡眠日记。故选D项。
12. C 睡眠障碍专家写道，“好的睡眠日记常常（ften）能让病人‘自我治愈’。”seldm很少；rarely罕有；ccasinally偶尔。
13. D 早上锻炼（exercise），下午远离咖啡因。sleep睡觉； wrk工作；read阅读。结合前文中的“A gd night’s sleep is created during the day.”及常识可知，要在早上进行锻炼。故选D项。
14. C 天黑后，把灯调暗，尽量减轻（reduce）压力。experience经历；accumulate积累；inspire激励。
15. A “我们”的身体喜欢始终如一的（cnsistent）模式。 varius多样的；nrmal正常的；irregular不规则的。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. T （烟草） has lng been recgnized as a huge health threat.
2. We culd nt find any relatin between the presence f heart disease and a （酒精） cnsumptin.
3. The frum dealt with issues such as drug a （滥用），vilence and unemplyment.
4. Fd webs may be d （控制）by many weak links because that arrangement is mre stable ver the lng term.
5. Ppularity is a well-explred subject in scial p （心理学）.
6. If the mnkeys tuched the left side f the screen they wuld be r （奖励） with seven drps f water r juice.
7. The new airprt will f （促进）the develp-ment f turism.
8. Several recent studies e （调查）the rle f talent in the sprts wrld.
9. Smetimes ignrance and n （消极的）utlks n situatins can create anger.
10. A gentleman is pen-minded and ptimistic；a small persn is narrw-minded and p （悲观的）.
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1. Nt everyne acts the same （回应） events，and that is why what triggers ne persn may r may nt trigger anther.
2. In the mdern wrld，we （很大程度上依赖电脑）t rganize ur wrk.
3. A gd judgement is that if yur cunt is belw 30 secnds，yu shuld seek shelter （立刻）.
4. They （决定） a tur t the United States in 1964.
5. Nervusness and fear （被取代）jy.
6. She’s trying t （想出，找出） a label t attach t nutria fashins t shw it is ec-friendly.
7. There is （没有捷径完成）a difficult task.
8. Inspired by Carrll，I have （养成习惯） trying t learn seven amazing things befre breakfast.
9. They gave us entertainment，prviding us a means t safely （释放压力）.
10. N matter what yu like t d，there is a way t （参与各种活动）n Earth Day.
11. As fr the plan，yu can （做出适当的改变）t suit the lcal cnditins.
12. In additin t the gvernment，cnsumers （有能力） make the ecnmy green.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1. It clearly shwed that while likability can lead healthy adjustment，high status has just the ppsite effect n us.
2. The scientists attended a meeting where many experts discussed hw t prevent peple frm
（expse）t plluted water.
3. In ne study，Dr. Prinstein examined the tw types f ppularity in 235 adlescents，scring the least liked，the mst liked and the highest in status based student surveys.
4. Tday，many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than （fcus）n Chinese traditins.
5. He fund the bss was hard （get）alng with.
6. My advice is yu shuld aplgize t him fr yur rude behavir.
7. Aside being gd exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
8. The tw peple willingly act part-time wrkers，enugh hurs between them t fulfill the duties f a full-time wrker.
9. Thse wh were highest in status in high schl，as well as thse least liked in elementary schl，are“mst likely （engage） in dangerus and risky behavir.”
10. The study f traditins shuld be cmbined practice.
Ⅳ. 练通句型
【一句多译】
1. 该委员会由十名经验丰富的法官组成。
①The cmmittee ten experienced judges. （make up）
②The cmmittee ten experienced judges. （cmpse）
③The cmmittee ten experienced judges. （cnsist）
2. 什么都不能阻止他说出相反的意见。
①Nthing wuld speaking ut ppsite ideas. （prevent）
②Nthing wuld speaking ut ppsite ideas. （discurage）
3. 盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。
① the thieves dn’t knw hw much it is wrth. （be likely that）
②Thieves hw much it is wrth.（be likely t d）
4.我打算买辆新车来取代那辆旧车。
①I’m ging t buy a new car . （t d不定式作目的状语）
② I’m ging t a new ne. （replace A with B）
【句式升级】
5. T prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life is essential fr parents.
（形式主语）
6. The medicine will wrk best if it is taken accrding t the instructins.
（if省略句）
能力提升练
= 5 \* ROMAN V.教材语法填空
With teenagers 1. （grw）up，they may frm sme bad habits，which may dminate a teenager’s life. Hw is a habit frmed frm the perspective f psychlgy? A “cue”，a “rutine” and the“reward”make up the“habit cycle”. Fr instance，when we feel unhappy（cue），we eat unhealthy snacks （rutine），
2. makes us feel happy（reward）. The reward makes us much mre likely 3. （cntinue）the cycle，and 4. bad habit f relying n unhealthy snacks is frmed.
5. （facilitate）a psitive change in ur bad habits，we must first examine ur bad habit cycles and then adapt them by 6. （cmbine）the infrmatin frm ur habit cycles with ur wn psitive ideas. We can replace a negative rutine 7. smething mre psitive. S，when we feel unhappy again（cue）， in 8. （respnd） t the cue，we can listen t ur favurite music（rutine），9. （make） us feel relaxed（reward）. Aside frm changing bad habits，we can als use the habit cycle t create gd habits
10. （repeated）. Thugh it’s nt easy t break bad habits，yung peple shuld build a happy and healthy life.
VI.阅读理解
A
Jack was 11 mnths ld in the spring f 2015 when his parents，Erika and Christpher，recgnized his develpment was nt prgressing as it shuld. The feeling was familiar t the cuple. Just a few mnths earlier，Jack’s brther Chase，wh is 16 mnths lder，had been diagnsed with autism（自闭症） after he did nt reach mtin and language standards as expected.
Jack’s behavirs were similarly delayed，and his parents tk immediate actin t seek help. Tday，Jack is 8—he celebrated his birthday n May 13—and he can speak in full sentences and read. After tw years at a preschl that specializes in services fr children with develpmental disabilities，he will start kindergarten in the Smithtwn schl district in September.“Our family’s experience is a gd example f the pwer and effectiveness f early interventin. The services ur bys have received made all the difference，”the parents said.
Accrding t scientists，autism can be detected at 18 mnths r yunger，and by age 2 a diagnsis can be cnsidered “very reliable”.The parents said they were happy with Chase’s success at the learning center，but still had cncerns fr Jack because he was nt speaking. Develping scial and cmmunicatin skills can be amng the greatest challenges fr individuals with autism，even if they are able t say a few wrds early n.“We didn’t knw if he was ever ging t talk，”Erika said.“That was my biggest fear. We just didn’t knw.”
Lking ahead，the parents are cautiusly ptimistic abut Jack’s next educatinal mve. He desn’t handle change well，they said，and he likes t knw his rutine. Still，they express cnfidence that his time at the learning center has given him the skills he needs t be successful.
1. Hw did Jack’s parents knw he suffered frm autism?
A. They fund the baby clever.B. They judged by their experience.
C. They fund he didn’t develp.D. They checked n him in the hspital.
2. What did the parents think f the early interventin?
A. It made n difference t the babies.B. It benefitted the babies greatly.
C. It gt their babies mre disabled.D. It helped their babies speak fluently.
3. What can we learn frm the third paragraph?
A. Autism can be cnfirmed at 18 mnths ld.
B. Jack’s parents were cnfident abut his mtr skills.
C. Chase’s parents were dubtful abut his develpment.
D. Jack’s parents wrried abut his language skills mst.
4. What is the text mainly talking abut?
A. Autism can be cured if parents take actin early.
B. Parents shuld be cnfident abut their children’s future.
C. Early interventin in autism culd imprve children’s life.
D. Cmmunicatin skills shuld be develped as early as pssible.
B
Liu Jichen， a student frm Tsinghua University，has develped a WeChat mini-prgram called“Clear Yur Plate”. After a meal，users can pen the mini-prgram and take a picture f their empty plates. Once the image is recgnized by the AI（Artificial Intelligence），students can cllect pints and use them t buy gifts r purchase charity meals fr children in impverished（贫困的） rural areas.
Liu and his team，tgether with ther rganiz- atins，launched the“Clear Yur Plate”campaign in Nvember fr the third year. It has swept ver 1，017 universities acrss the cuntry. The ne-mnth campaign attracted almst 1.6 millin participants and cllectively reduced fd waste by 862 tns and carbn emissins（碳排放） by 3，337 tns.
The idea t develp such a mini-prgram came frm Liu’s experience in a canteen. In 2017，he fund that a restaurant wuld give diners wh finished ff their fd a card and ffer small gifts after a certain number f cards had been cllected.
“Technlgical innvatin is a gd way t reduce fd waste，”Liu thught. He rganized a team f 20 members t wrk n the prject at the end f 2017. T slve the AI’s prblem f identifying phts f empty plates，the team spent half a year cllecting ver 100，000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018，the mini-prgram was fficially put int peratin n Oct 16，Wrld Fd Day. They then launched a campaign later that year.
“There were s many unknwns in research and develpment. Fr ur team members，the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it，”Liu said. Nt nly did they achieve their gal，but nw，the mini-prgram has mre than 5 millin registered users，accrding t Liu.“We hpe ur effrts can start a new trend amng the yunger generatin by encuraging them t cherish（珍惜） their fd and develp the habit f thrift（节约），”Liu added.
5. What can we knw abut the“Clear Yur Plate”mini-prgram?
A. It aims t put an end t waste and encurage thrift.
B. Its 6 millin users are mstly students.
C. It helped reduce fd waste by 3，337 tns.
D. It is an exchange f fd fr rewards.
6. What was the biggest challenge Liu and his team faced?
A. They fund it tugh t prmte the campaign.
B. They felt uncertain whether they culd cmplete the prject.
C. They lacked prfessinal technical supprt.
D. They had difficulty gathering enugh samples.
7. Which f the fllwing best describes Liu Jichen?
A. Optimistic and demanding.B. Generus and respnsible.
C. Talented and humrus.D. Creative and determined.
8. What is the text?
A. A guidebk.B. A news reprt.
C. A bk review.D. A textbk.
VII.完形填空
My bed is the best part f my hme，where I g t find 1 after a lng stressful day. Hwever，lately，I get 2 just lking at it. I can’t fall asleep. I’m a 3 f insmnia（失眠）.
I’m nt 4 ：studies shw mre than ne in three peple wrldwide 5 insmnia. Sme peple can get t sleep n time，but 6 much t early；thers get a full-night sleep but still feel very 7 when they wake up. And then there are peple like me，rdinary insmniacs wh tss and turn all night.
Insmnia is a side effect f 8 . T find the cure，dctrs first find ut the 9 by keeping a“sleep diary”，in which yu 10 yur sleep habits. The 11 may indicate lifestyle patterns，which are causing yur prblem. A specialist in sleep disrders writes，“A gd sleep diary can 12 allw the patients t‘cure themselves’. ”
A gd night’s sleep is created during the day. 13 at the beginning f the day，and stay away frm caffeine in the afternn. After dark，dim the lights and try t 14 stress. Our bdies like 15 patterns. If yu can’t fall asleep，try listening t sft music. Yu’ll mst likely be asleep.
1. A. curageB. relaxatinC. decisinD. wisdm
2. A. cnfidentB. skepticalC. nervusD. curius
3. A. victimB. specialistC. recrderD. witness
4. A. sadB. alne C. pleasedD. afraid
5. A. refer tB. adapt tC. benefit frmD. suffer frm
6. A. get upB. lk upC. wake upD. turn up
7. A. exhaustedB. cncernedC. embarrassed D. frightened
8. A. entertainmentB. anxietyC. hesitatin D. lneliness
9. A. apprachB. dataC. symptmD. cause
10. A. develpB. recrdC. breakD. change
11. A. effectB. cure C. dctrD. diary
12. A. seldmB. rarelyC. ften D. ccasinally
13. A. SleepB. WrkC. ReadD. Exercise
14. A. experienceB. accumulateC. reduceD. inspire
15. A. cnsistentB. variusC. nrmalD. irregular
课时把关练
Part I Reading and Thinking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. Tbacc 2. alchl 3. abuse 4. dminated 5. psychlgy
6. rewarded 7. facilitate 8. examined 9. negative 10. pessimistic
Ⅱ. 1. in respnse t 2. rely heavily n cmputers 3. straight away 4. decided n
5. were replaced with 6. cme up with 7. n shrt cuts t accmplishing 8. develped/created/built/frmed a habit f 9. free urselves frm stress 10. get invlved in varius activities 11. make apprpriate changes
12. have the pwer t
Ⅲ. 1. t 句意：它清楚地表明，虽然惹人喜爱可以带来健康的调节能力，但高地位对我们的影响恰恰相反。lead t 导致。
2. being expsed 句意：科学家们参加了一个会议，会上许多专家讨论了如何防止人们接触到被污染的水。prevent sb. frm ding sth. 阻止某人做某事，be expsed t 暴露于，此处peple和expse之间是被动关系，故填being expsed。
3. n 句意：在一项研究中，普林斯坦博士对235名青少年的两种受欢迎程度进行了调查，根据学生调查结果，他们分别对最不受欢迎、最受欢迎和地位最高（的学生）进行打分。be based n以……为基础。
4. fcusing 句意：如今，许多中国人正在学习西方的风格和理论，而不是关注中国传统。此处learning和fcusing是并列结构，故填fcusing。
5. t get 句意：他发现这个老板很难相处。主语+be+adj. +t d为固定句式。
6. that 句意：我的建议是你应该为自己无礼的行为向他道歉。这是一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that来引导。
7. frm 句意：除了是一项好的运动之外，游泳还是一种非常有用的技能。aside frm 除了。
8. as 句意：这两个人自愿当兼职工人，他们有足够的时间履行一个全职工人的职责。act as 充当。
9. t engage 句意：那些在中学里地位最高的学生，以及那些在小学里最不被喜欢的学生最有可能接触危险和冒险行为。be likely t d sth.很可能做某事。
10. with 句意：对传统的研究应该与实践相结合。cmbine A with B 把A和B结合起来。
Ⅳ. 1. ①is made up f
② is cmpsed f
③ cnsists f be cmpsed f/be made up f/cnsist f的意思都是“包含，包括，由……构成”。其中，cnsist f不能用于被动语态。该句还可用make up“组成”来改写：Ten experienced judges make up the cmmittee. 。
2. ① prevent him frm
②discurage him frm prevent/discurage/stp/keep sb. frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事，其中keep sb. frm ding sth.中的frm不可省略，其他几个结构中的frm可以省略， 类似的结构还有ban sb. frm ding sth.“禁止某人做某事”。
3. ①It’s mre than likely that be likely that...“很可能……”。
②are mre than likely nt t knw sb. be likely t d sth.某人很有可能做某事。
4. ①t replace the ld ne
②replace my ld car with 用……替换……
5. It is essential fr parents t prevent harmful habits like these frm dminating a teenager’s life. 不定式可以作主语，但是当主语太长，句子结构不合理时，可用it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。
6. The medicine will wrk best if taken accrding t the instructins. 当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。
= 5 \* ROMAN V.【语篇解读】本文探讨了青少年习惯的养成规律。
1. grwing with teenagers grwing up=as teenagers grw up，意为“随着青少年的长大”。此处为with复合结构，teenagers 与grw之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。
2. which which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容。
3. t cntinue （be）likely t d sth.“有可能做某事”，为固定搭配。
4. the 此处指的是依赖不健康零食的不良习惯，是特指，故用the。
5. T facilitate 此处表目的，用不定式短语作目的状语。
6. cmbining by是介词，后面用v.-ing形式。
7. with replace sth. with sth.“用……取代……”，为固定搭配。
8. respnse in respnse t sth.“对某事作出回应”，为固定搭配。
9. making making...是现在分词短语作结果状语。
10. repeatedly 修饰动词应使用副词，repeatedly反复地。
VI. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对父母发现孩子有自闭症并及时进行了治疗，使孩子的情况有所改善的故事。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The feeling was familiar t the cuple. Just a expected.”可知，Jack的父母是根据第一个孩子Chase被诊断为自闭症的经验来断定Jack也有自闭症。
2. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“‘Our family’s experience all the difference，’the parents said.”可知，这对父母认为早期干预对孩子很有好处。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We didn’t knw if he was ever ging t was my biggest fear.”可知，Jack的父母最担心他的语言能力。
4. C 主旨大意题。文章通过一个家庭的例子证明了对自闭症的早期干预可以改善儿童的生活。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了清华大学的学生柳济琛开发了一个名为“光盘打卡”的微信小程序，用技术创新来帮助减少食物浪费。
5. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“After a meal，users can pen the mini-prgram and take a picture f their empty plates. Once the image is recgnized by the AI（Artificial Intelligence），students can cllect pints and use them t buy gifts r purchase charity meals fr children in impverished rural areas.”可知，这个程序用奖励来换食物。
6. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘There were s many un-knwns in research and develpment. Fr ur team members，the biggest challenge was whether we were cnfident enugh t cmplete it，’Liu said.”可知，对于是否能完成这个项目柳济琛和他的团队是不确定的，这是他们最大的挑战。故选B。
7. D 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Liu Jichen，a student frm Tsinghua University，has develped a WeChat mini- prgram called‘Clear Yur Plate’.”及第三段第一句“The idea t develp such a mini-prgram came frm Liu’s experience in a canteen.”可知，柳济琛是极具创造性的人；根据第四段中“T slve the AI’s prblem f identifying phts f empty plates，the team spent half a year cllecting ver 100，000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018，the mini-prgram was fficially put int peratin n Oct 16，Wrld Fd Day.”可知，柳济琛是意志坚定的。
8. B 推理判断题。第一段提到“Liu Jichen，a student frm Tsinghua University，has develped a WeChat mini-prgram called‘Clear Yur Plate’.”之后，文章就此展开，由此可知， 本文主要讲述了柳济琛开发了“光盘打卡”的微信小程序。由此可判断，本文最有可能是一篇新闻报道。
VII. 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了失眠的原因及解决方法。
1. B “我”的床是“我”家里最好的地方，在漫长而紧张的一天结束后，“我”会去那里放松（relaxatin）一下。curage勇气；decisin决定；wisdm智慧。由after a lng stressful day可知，作者去床上是为了放松。故选B项。
2. C 不过，最近“我”一看见它就紧张（nervus）。cnfident 自信的；skeptical怀疑的；curius好奇的。结合后文“I can’t fall asleep.”可知，“我”睡不着，所以一看见床就紧张。故选C项。
3. A “我”是失眠的受害者（victim）。specialist专家；recrder 记录员；witness证人。
4. B “我”不孤单（alne）：研究显示全世界超过三分之一的人遭受失眠之苦。sad悲伤的；pleased高兴的；afraid害怕的。
5. D suffer frm insmnia遭受失眠之苦。refer t参考；adapt t适应；benefit frm受益于。
6. C 有些人可以按时睡觉，但醒（wake up）得太早；另一些人睡了一整晚…… get up起床；lk up查找；turn up出现。
7. A ……另一些人睡了一整晚，但醒来时仍然感到非常疲惫（exhausted）。cncerned担心的；embarrassed尴尬的；frightened害怕的。
8. B 失眠是焦虑（anxiety）的副作用。entertainment娱乐；hesitatin犹豫；lneliness孤独。结合句意及常识可知，失眠可能是由焦虑造成的。故选B项。
9. D 为了找到治疗方法，医生们首先要通过记录你的睡眠习惯的“睡眠日记”来找出病因（cause）。apprach方法；data数据；symptm症状。
10. B 结合上文keeping a“sleep diary”可知，需要记录（recrd）你的睡眠习惯。develp发展；break打破；change改变。
11. D 日记（diary）可以显示生活模式，这是造成你的问题的原因。effect效果；cure治疗；dctr医生。结合前文的sleep diary可知，此处是指睡眠日记。故选D项。
12. C 睡眠障碍专家写道，“好的睡眠日记常常（ften）能让病人‘自我治愈’。”seldm很少；rarely罕有；ccasinally偶尔。
13. D 早上锻炼（exercise），下午远离咖啡因。sleep睡觉； wrk工作；read阅读。结合前文中的“A gd night’s sleep is created during the day.”及常识可知，要在早上进行锻炼。故选D项。
14. C 天黑后，把灯调暗，尽量减轻（reduce）压力。experience经历；accumulate积累；inspire激励。
15. A “我们”的身体喜欢始终如一的（cnsistent）模式。 varius多样的；nrmal正常的；irregular不规则的。
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