人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course当堂达标检测题

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course当堂达标检测题，共8页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

基础知识练
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. Hlidays are expensive and，fr thse n lw w （工资），they are ften unbtainable.
2. Lsing the basketball match last week was a b （激烈而不愉快的） disappintment fr the team.
3. I said gdbye t my friend as he gt a （上，登上）the train at Beijing Railway Statin.
4. They enjyed an incme and lifestyle that many peple wuld e （羡慕）.
5. He saw the crner f a magazine sticking ut frm under the b （毛毯）.
6. We must find ways t assure ur children a d （相当不错的） start in life.
7. The refrms are mtivated by a g （真正的） cncern fr the disabled.
8. My heart s （下沉） because I thught he was ging t leave me behind.
Ⅱ. 用所给短语的适当形式填空
1. The little girl has several invitatins t star at shws in rder t cncentrate n her studies.
2. Nwadays many yung peple frm the cuntryside finding gd jbs in big cities.
3. During Spring Festival，peple like t firecrackers and put up spring cuplets n the dr.
4. At dusk，I walked as far as the lake and then I made up my mind t .
5. Mr. Smith was thirty minutes late fr the meeting because he had been traffic jam.
6. Faced with challenges，yu’d better a gd state f mind.
7. I dn’t knw why yu are s cncerned—it isn’t yur prblem .
8. Yung peple， and vitality，are like the sun at eight r nine in the mrning.
Ⅲ. 单句语法填空
1. In my pinin，there is n evidence indicating that he is a （qualify） dctr.
2. Befre I entered the cmpetitin，I had mixed prgram f strength and （endure） training.
3. I was always an （enthusiasm） reader，smetimes reading up t three bks a day as a child.
4. Never will I frget my first （assign） at the ffice f a ppular English newspaper.
5. If yu dn’t have an aim，yu will drift like an （abandn） ship at sea.
6. He asked me t take fewer （belng） as there was little rm left in ur car.
7. With faith and （persevere），Gdall finally vercame all the difficulties.
8. They made a （reslve） t g climbing Munt Tai n Sunday.
Ⅳ. 一句多译
1. 我下火车时碰巧在下雨，因此只好乘出租车。
① it was raining when I gt ff the train and I had t take a taxi. （it作形式主语）
②It happened when I gt ff the train and I had t take a taxi. （动词不定式短语）
2. 没有你的帮助，我不可能取得这么大的进步。
① ，I wuld nt have made such great prgress. （withut）
②If yu me，I wuld nt such great prgress. （if引导的虚拟条件句）
3. 能有机会参加这次会议被认为是很大的荣耀。
①Peple a great hnr t have a chance t attend the cnference. （it作形式宾语）
② a great hnr t have a chance t attend the cnference. （it作形式主语）
4. 他给我们讲的这个故事多么有趣啊！
① he is telling us!（what引导的感叹句）
② he is telling us!（hw引导的感叹句）
5. 树上的苹果太高了，我够不着。
①The apples n the tree are . （句式）
②The apples n the tree are them. （句式）
能力提升练
= 5 \* ROMAN V.课文语法填空
My name is Perce Blackbrw and I have been dreaming f 1. expeditin t the Suth Ple with Sir Ernest Shackletn. One day，I read the advertisement abut the Antarctic expedi- tin in the newspaper，but when I 2. （apply）t jin it，I was turned dwn because I was t yung and wasn’t qualified. I gt abard the ship withut 3. （permit） and hid in a small cupbard，but 4. （discver）three days later. Shackletn assigned me t be a steward，and I cked fr twenty-eight men. Hw 5.
（excite） I was.
The jurney was 6. （hard） than I expected. When we went near Antarctica，ur ship became
7. （stick） in the ice and gt crushed. Befre abandning the ship，we were nly allwed t take sme f ur necessities and had t thrw away the rest. We were camping n the ice，but with spring 8.
（cme），the ice wuld begin t melt.
We had been struggling fr days，but the cnditins n Elephant Island were ging frm bad t wrse. Shackletn left us t find help n Suth Gergia Island，9. was 1，320 kilmetres away. There was n fd n the island except a seal r a penguin we smetimes caught. I was in lw spirits. Hwever，with the genuine cncern f Frank and Ernest，I was filled with hpe and thught there was a chance we wuld return hme，10. all.
VI.阅读理解
A
Thanks t its harsh envirnment，Antarctica remained largely untuched by humans fr many millennia（千年），allwing a thriving ecsystem t evlve. Hwever，since the 1990s，the last true wilderness n the planet is becming an increasingly ppular destinatin fr adventure-seeking turists. Nw， a new study declares that the visitrs may be leaving behind harmful bacteria which culd devastate all f the area’s native bird ppulatin.
Humans can infect animals with illnesses such as the flu. Researchers，hwever，believed that the Antarctic animals were immune t the danger due t the cntinent’s extreme weather. Hwever，micrbilgist Marta Cerda-Cuellar was nt cnvinced. She and sme clleagues decided t examine waste samples frm Antarctic birds fr evidence f human bacteria. T ensure the waste was nt plluted，the scientists had t cllect it frm the birds themselves.
The results f their study revealed the presence f several types f human bacteria in the bird waste. This included a cmmn strain（品种） f bacteria that causes fd pisning in humans. The researchers said the bacteria strains were resistant t cmmnly-used human antibitics，indicating they were brught in by the visitrs，rather than migratry birds.
“These strains，which are a cmmn cause fr infectins in humans and livestck，d nt usually cause death utbreaks in wild animals，” says Gnzalez Slis.“Hwever，the emerging f invasive pathgens（病原体） that arrive t highly sensitive ppulatins culd have severe cnsequences and cause the lcal cllapse and extinctin f sme ppulatins.”The researcher als fears the presence f these bugs culd freshadw（预示） the arrival f ther，mre deadly，pathgens as the number f turists increases.
Experts believe the nly way t prevent the mass destructin f the birds is t impse stricter regulatins r，at least，put the nes already in place int effect. Fr example，while the Antarctica Treaty requires visitrs t carry their waste back hme t safeguard the pristine（原始纯净的） envirnment，the regulatin is rarely enfrced. Frtunately，nwadays sme fficials are taking steps t save the vulnerable（容易受伤的） birds befre it’s t late.
1. What prblem is Antarctica facing accrding t Paragraphs 1 & 2?
A. The increasing number f birds.B. The wrsening wilderness.
C. The replaced native bird species.D. The spread f infectius illnesses.
2. What des the underlined wrd“devastate” mean?
A. Reject.B. Prtect.C. Destry.D. Benefit.
3. What d we knw abut the waste samples frm Antarctic birds the scientists cllected?
A. There were several types f human bacteria in them.
B. Migratry birds brught these strains f bacteria in.
C. The strains usually cause death utbreaks in wild animals.
D. The invasive pathgens will becme mre deadly nes sn.
4. What is the authr’s attitude twards the future f bird ppulatin in Antarctica?
A. Indifferent.B. Dubtful.C. Ambiguus.D. Optimistic.
B
I was shcked at the news that Daisy-May Demetre，9，became the first child duble amputee（截肢） t walk n the runway at New Yrk Fashin Week in September n the tp f the Eiffel Twer.
Daisy-May，f Birmingham，was brn with fibular hemimelia（腓骨半肢畸形）. The cnditin is rare，ccurring in 1 in 50，000 births. When she was 18 mnths ld，Daisy-May’s parents chse t have bth f the yung girl’s legs amputated—the right abve the knee and the left belw the knee—in the hpes f giving her a better quality f life with prsthetics（假肢）. Later n，she used prsthetic legs t help her walk and mve.
“We had the chice fr her t live like that r t g fr the peratin，”Alex，Daisy-May’s father，said.“We didn’t knw at the time that Daisy-May wuld be as gd as she is nw. Instead f being discuraged by prsthetic legs， she is inspiring everyne by shwing them wh she is.”
She is，in many ways，just like any fifth-grader. In schl，she prefers English ver math，and lves gymnastics. She is a gymnast as well as a mdel. But it’s her mves n the runway that shed the mst cnfidence.
She’s been mdelling fr 18 mnths and has already dminated Lndn Fashin Week，having wrked fr several high street brands in the UK. She was even named Child f Curage in the Pride f Birmingham Awards fr inspiring ther children t dream big in the face f immense challenges.
In the pinin f Daisy-May’s father，mdelling desn’t define Daisy-May. Rather，it’s a small part f wh she is. She just des Daisy. It is the way she ges abut life with a smile n her face. Whether it’s dancing，singing—she is a very special little girl.
5. What caused Daisy-May t miss her bth legs while still a baby?
A. A rare birth illness. B. An expected accident.
C. A Paris Fashin Shw. D. An unsuccessful peratin.
6. What can we cnclude frm Paragraph 3?
A. Daisy-May was unwilling t g fr an peratin.
B. Daisy-May was disappinted by her missing legs.
C. Daisy-May’s father thinks Daisy-May is amazing.
D. Daisy-May’s father cnsiders Daisy-May is mdest.
7. Which actin made Daisy-May shw her mst cnfidence?
A. Speaking English fluently. B. Wrking ut math prblems.
C. Ding graceful（优雅的） gymnastics. D. Walking n the runway as a mdel.
8. In her father’s pinin，what makes Daisy-May tday?
A. Singing and dancing in a special way.
B. Taking n life with a smile n her face.
C. Pursuing her dream f becming a glbal inspiratin.
D. Being determined t be a wrld-famus mdel.
VII.完形填空
The lss f sight can be devastating（毁灭性的），particularly fr dgs. While there are many tls t help 1 disabled peple，mst f ur furry friends with limited sight aren’t as lucky.
This was especially a prblem fr a 14-year-ld blind dg named Terfel，wh had t stay in his dg bed mst f the time t keep 2 ，which was nt a（n） 3 life fr him t be healthy. 4 ，everything has changed in his life since he met an unlikely friend!
One day，Judy，Terfel’s wner， 5 a hmeless cat she named Pudditat. He was a 6 cat and nt very nice t Judy’s ther cats. But he did make ne friend at his new hme—Terfel. And their relatinship was truly
7 !
This friendship went far 8 just a few late-evening snuggles（依偎） in the shared bed. Pudditat tk n anther 9 entirely in Terfel’s life—he ffered his 10 as a seeing eye cat! What’s mre，Pudditat didn’t 11 himself t helping Terfel avid bumping int things. He als 12 his friend utdrs.
It’s 13 t think what their lives might have been like withut ne anther! Withut Pudditat，Terfel wuld have undubtedly 14 indrs. And Pudditat wuld have likely lived a life f lneliness with n interest in his cat cmpanins. 15 ，that wasn’t the case!
1. A. mentallyB. permanentlyC. seriuslyD. visually
2. A. aliveB. warmC. safeD. strng
3. A. desiringB. entireC. simpleD. peaceful
4. A. BesidesB. FurthermreC. HweverD. Therefre
5. A. gave awayB. put awayC. adaptedD. adpted
6. A. lnelyB. fierceC. friendlyD. brave
7. A. cmplexB. strangeC. uniqueD. cmmn
8. A. beyndB. intC. againstD. ver
9. A. aspectB. appearanceC. frmD. rle
10. A. fdsB. greetingsC. skillsD. services
11. A. cntributeB. limitC. devteD. ppse
12. A. guidedB. fllwedC. allwedD. trained
13. A. frmalB. nrmalC. hardD. natural
14. A. stayed upB. wasted awayC. slwed dwnD. mved n
15. A. SimilarlyB. HpefullyC. SurprisinglyD. Thankfully
课时把关练
Part I Reading and Thinking
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. wages 2. bitter 3. abard 4. envy 5. blanket 6. decent 7. genuine 8. sank
Ⅱ. 1. turned dwn 2. dream f 3. set ff 4. turn back 5. stuck in 6. keep up 7. after all
8. full f vigur
Ⅲ. 1. qualified 句意：在我看来，没有证据表明他是个合格的医生。所填词修饰名词，所以用形容词形式。
2. endurance 句意：我在参赛之前做了一些混合性的包括力量和耐力的训练。根据前面的strength可知，此处应用名词，所以填endurance。
3. enthusiastic 句意：我一直是个热心的读者，小时候有时一天读三本书。由语境可知，此处要填形容词形式。
4. assignment 句意：我永远不会忘记我在一家畅销英文报纸的办公室的第一项工作任务。所填词作宾语，所以用名词形式。
5. abandned 句意：如果没有目标，你就会像大海上的弃船一样随波逐流。根据句意可知，此处表示“被遗弃的”，所以用abandned。
6. belngings 句意：他让我少拿点儿财物，因为在我们的车里几乎没有空间了。所填词作宾语，所以用名词形式。根据fewer可知，该词要用复数形式。
7. perseverance 句意：凭着信心和毅力，古德尔终于战胜了一切困难。所填词作介词的宾语，所以用名词形式。
8. reslutin 句意：他们决定周日去爬泰山。make a reslutin意为“决定，下决心”。
Ⅳ. 1. ①It s happened that it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。
②t be raining 动词不定式的进行时。happen t be ding sth. 碰巧在做某事。
2. ①Withut yur help withut是介词，意为“没有”。
②hadn’t helped，have made if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，所以用过去完成时。
3. ①cnsider it it是形式宾语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
②It is cnsidered it是形式主语，代替后面的动词不定式短语。
4. ①What an interesting stry 感叹句的中心词是名词时，要用“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”形式。
②Hw interesting a stry 感叹句的中心词是形容词时，要用“hw+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数”形式。
5. ① t high t reach 意为“太……而不能……”。
②s high that I can’t reach 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。
= 5 \* ROMAN V.【语篇解读】本文主要记叙了作者在去南极探险的路上遇险并顽强活下去的经历。
1. an expeditin是读音以元音音素开头的单数可数名词，此处是泛指，所以填an。
2. applied 讲述过去发生的事情要用一般过去时。
3. permissin withut是介词，后接名词作宾语。
4. was discvered I和discver之间构成被动关系，又因为全篇都在讲述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
5. excited 此处表示作者的心理感受，所以用excited。
6. harder 根据than可知，此处要用比较级。
7. stuck becme stuck in...被困在……
8. cming 此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，spring和cme之间为主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。
9. which 先行词是事物，关系词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用which。
10. after after all是固定短语，意为“毕竟，终归”。
VI. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述由于南极洲的寒冷，人类几千年来没有踏足。然而，自20世纪90年代以来，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成为探险游客的热门目的地。一项新的研究发现游客们可能留下有害细菌，影响鸟类的生存。科学家对此做了研究，建议限制人类旅游的数量。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nw，a new study declares that the visitrs may be leaving behind harmful bacteria which culd devastate all f the area’s native bird ppulatin.”以及第二段第一句“Humans can infect animals with illnesses such as the flu.”可知，南极洲面临传染病传播的问题。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中the visitrs may be leaving behind harmful bacteria（参观者可能留下了有害的细菌）和划线词后面的all f the area’s native bird ppulatin（所有当地鸟类的数量）及常识推知，细菌会“摧毁”鸟类种群。
3. A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The results f their study revealed the presence f several types f human bacteria in the bird waste.”可知，科学家收集的南极鸟类的粪便样本中有几种人类细菌。
4. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Frtunately，nwadays sme fficials are taking steps t save the vulnerable birds befre it’s t late.”可知，现在一些官员正在采取措施挽救脆弱的鸟类，由此可知，作者对南极洲鸟类种群的前景持乐观态度。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是黛西·梅患了先天性罕见疾病，导致她失去了双腿，但她成为第一个在纽约时装周埃菲尔铁塔顶端走秀的双腿截肢儿童，这一消息让人震惊。带着微笑面对生活让黛西有了今天的快乐。
5. A 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知，黛西·梅患了先天性罕见疾病，导致她失去了双腿。
6. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We didn’t knw at the time that Daisy-May wuld be as gd as she is nw.”和she is inspiring everyne by shwing them wh she is可知，黛西·梅的父亲认为她很了不起。
7. D 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句可知，作为模特走在T台上让黛西·梅展示了她最自信的一面。
8. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容，特别是“She just des Daisy. It is the way she ges abut life with a smile n her face.”可知，在她父亲看来，带着微笑面对生活让黛西有了今天的快乐。
VII. 【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一只眼睛看不见的狗和一只孤独猫成为朋友，彼此互相帮助，相互依靠的故事。
1. D 根据句子连词while可知前后有对比关系，把视力有障碍的人与ur furry friends with limited sight（视力有障碍的狗）进行比较。故选D项。
2. C 根据上文可知Terfel是a 14-year-ld blind dg，所以待在它自己的窝里才能保证安全（safe）。
3. A 根据常识可知，它只能待在自己的狗窝里，无法四处活动，这肯定不是它想要的（desiring）生活。
4. C 根据下文everything has changed可知前后句之间是转折关系。
5. D 根据下文a hmeless cat she named Pudditat可知，Terfel的主人收养（adpt）了一只流浪猫，还给它取了名字。
6. B 根据下文nt very nice t Judy’s ther cats可知，这只猫并不友善，比较凶猛（fierce）。
7. C 根据下文“This friendship went a few late-evening snuggles in the shared bed.”和“ ffered a seeing eye cat!”可知它们之间的关系很特别（unique），不是一般宠物与宠物之间的关系。
8. A 根据下文“Pudditat tk n in Terfel’s life—he ffered a seeing eye cat!”可知，Pudditat还充当了Terfel的眼睛，所以它们的关系远不止（beynd）挤在一起睡觉。
9. D 根据anther和下文“ ffered a seeing eye cat!”可知，除了做一起吃住的朋友之外，Pudditat还有另一个身份或角色（rle）——导盲猫。
10. D 结合语境和a seeing eye cat可知，Pudditat为Terfel提供导盲帮助，这属于一种服务（service）。
11. B 根据下文“He friend utdrs.”可知，Pudditat还会把Terfel带到外面，它提供的帮助不限于（limit）让Terfel避开东西。
12. A 结合常识，并根据Terfel是一只视力有问题的狗这一事实和utdrs一词可知，Terfel到户外需要引导（guide）。
13. C 根据下文的假设“Withut Pudditat，Terfel wuld have ”和Pudditat wuld have likely lived a life f lneliness可知，如果Pudditat和Terfel没有彼此，生活会是什么样子让人很难（hard）想象。
14. B 根据第二段中a 14-year-ld blind dg named Terfel，wh had t stay in his dg bed mst f the time t keep...可知，如果没有Pudditat的帮助，眼睛看不见的Terfel只能待在自己的窝里慢慢衰老（waste away）。
15. D 根据前文可知前面的假设“Withut Pudditat，Terfel... And Pudditat wuld have likely lived a life f lneliness with n interest in his cat cmpanins.”并不是事实，所以对Pudditat 和Terfel而言，这是幸运的事情（thankfully）。
dream f，keep up，set ff，turn back，turn dwn，stick in，after all，full f vigur