人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Unit 1 What’s the matter?Section B优秀同步测试题

Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.

 Section B（3a-SelfCheck)

Learning aims:

Key words:

    nowadays, search, consider, hold, shame, regard, count, century, opposite, especially.

Key phrases:

    search for, regard as, according to, be close to.

Key sentences:

Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.

I used to return home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for almost years years now.

Many people regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.

It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place.

Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.

We haven’t been back in close to three years.

Things need to change in order to become better.

His hometown is still the place that hold all his childhood memories.

4.To learn to write a passage to introduce your favorite thing.

5.To practice the use of the present perfect tense with for and since.

现在完成时（三） 含有since和for的现在完成时态

since和for是现在完成时当中常见的标志词。since“自从……”，for“持续了……”。since用来说明动作的开始时间，for用来说明动作延续的时间长度

考点1  since和for是现在完成时的重要标志

（2021·黑龙江大庆市·中考真题）It _____ 100 years since the Communist Party _____ .

A．was; was founded B．has been; was founded

C．has been; founded D．was; founded

考点2  since和for的用法

（1）since的用法

 since+过去的时间点。如：年、月、日、几点等

☞since 1990 自从1990年起

 ☞since 5 o’clock 自从五点起

 since+ 时间段+ ago

☞since 3 months ago 自从三个月以前

 since+ 一般过去时的从句

☞since you left home 自从你离开家以后

1.（2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题）—Jack, how do you like the new movie Hi, Mom! directed（导演） by Jia Ling?

—Well, it’s really a funny movie. I _____ it for three times.

A．am watching B．will watch C．have watched

2.（2021·广西贺州市·中考真题）China ______ great achievements in science and technology since 1978.

A．makes B．made C．has made D．is made

（2）since的一个固定句式“It is＋时间段＋since＋一般过去时的从句”。

It is five years since I came here. 我来这儿5年了。

（3）for的用法：for＋时间段

—Did you see Tom yesterday?

—No，I ________ him for a long time.

A. didn't see　　　　　B. hasn't seen    C. saw                D. haven't seen

（4）在现在完成时当中，若对since和for引导的时间状语进行提问，都可以用how long来提问。

—________ have you lived in Lanzhou?

—Since my parents found jobs here.

A. How long　　　B. How far   C. How soon           D. How old

（5）since和for的句式转换：

since＋时间段＋ago＝for＋时间段

They haven't changed since twenty years ago.

＝They haven't changed for twenty years.

他们已经二十年没有改变了。

考点3  延续性动词、短暂性动词与since, for

延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。短暂性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。

(1) 若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语)，则谓语只能使用延续性动词。

（2021·北京）Mr. Smith _____ Chinese for two years.  He’s much better at it now.

A．learns B．was learning C．has learned D．will learn

 (2) 短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词

①直接换成延续性动词　

buy买→have有　borrow借→keep保留　put on穿上→wear穿着come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是

②转换成be＋名词

join the army参军→be a soldier当兵   join the Party 入党→be a Party member成为一名党员 

go to school去上学→be a student成为一名学生

③转换成be＋形容词/副词

die死亡→be dead死了    

finish结束→be over结束

begin开始→be on 在上映/已开始   

leave离开→be away远离的

fall asleep入睡→be asleep睡着的   

close关闭→be closed关着的

④转换成be＋介词短语

go to school去上学→be in school在上学

join the army参军→be in the army在军队中

Her son ________the army for two months. She misses him very much.

A. has joined　　　　 B. has been in      C. joined                   D. was in

考点4  现在完成时和一般过去时的转换

由延续性动词构成的现在完成时的句子可与由非延续性动词构成的句子相互转换。

I have kept the book for five days.

＝I borrowed the book five days ago.

我五天前借的这本书。

（二）Writing

  写作目标

 本单元的主题是庭院售卖活动及家乡的变化。让学生通过售卖的物品所带来的回忆，运用现在完成时来谈论物品，亲身感受不同的生活经历。

  写作指导

 能用现在完成时介绍某人拥有的物品，并分享其背后的特殊意义。

1. 能用现在完成时“have done”的结构来介绍某人拥有的物品；

2. 能在现在完成时中准确区分和使用since和for

 “三步法”介绍某地的文章：

◆第一步：整体介绍你最喜欢的东西是什么；

◆第二步：学出你喜欢的原因；

◆ 第三步：总结。

  常用句型

1. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.

2. It’s been around for at least 20 years.

3. My favorite thing from childhood is…

4. I like…so much because…

5. I’ve had it for/since…

例文：

（一）

美丽中国，美丽长江。黄冈是长江边一座美丽的城市。假如你是黄冈某中学的一名中学生李明，请你以“美丽的黄冈”为话題，向你的英国笔友Tom介绍一下你美丽的家乡——黄冈。

要点提示：1. 黄冈位于长江之边，大别山之南；

          2. 黄冈历史悠久，名人辈出；

          3. 黄冈风景迷人，乡村秀美；

          4. 人人参与，从小事做起，黄冈人正在努力地保护黄冈的自然环境；

          5. 邀请Tom来中国，欣赏黄冈更美好的绿水青山、蓝天白云。

写作要求：1. 词数90左右(短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数)；

          2. 根据要点提示，可以适当发挥；

          3. 短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。

参考词汇:lie(位于); Dabie mountains; plant; clean up; clear river and green mountains

Dear Tom,

Thanks for your last letter. You asked me about my hometown, now let me tell you.  ____________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Ming

【思路导航】

【佳作展示】

Dear Tom,

Thanks for your last letter. You asked me about my hometown, now let me tell you.

My hometown is Huanggang. It lies by the Yangtze River and at the southern foot of Dabie Mountains.

It's a beautiful city with a long history. A number of famous people come from our city, such as Li siguang, Li shizhen, Wen Yiduo and so on. There are lots of beautiful mountains, rivers and lakes. They are so fascinating that thousands of tourists come to visit Huanggang every year. You can also see beautiful villages everywhere. We are proud of our hometown.

Now the people in Huanggang are trying to protect the natural environment. We plant trees as many as possible every year. We stop factories from throwing rubbish into the rivers. Volunteers go to the mountains, forests, parks and streets to clean them up on the weekends. Everyone is playing a role in making our city more and more beautiful. We are taking action!

Tom, would you like to come to Huanggang? You can see clear rivers and green mountains as well as blue skies and white cloud. I believe you will fall in love with our city and have a wonderful time. Looking forward to your visit!

Best wishes!

Yours,

Li Ming

【名师点评】

本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了黄冈的地理位置，接下来介绍黄冈的历史、风景和环保情况，最后邀请Tom来中国，欣赏黄冈更美好的绿水青山、蓝天白云。此处ask sb about sth, a number of, be proud of, as... as possible, play a role in doing sth, fall in love with, have a wonderful time等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。

一、单项选择

1．（2017·四川眉山·统考中考真题）Her grandfather________ a car in 2007. He________ the car for 10 years.

A．buys; has bought B．bought; has had

C．buys; has had D．bought; has bought

2．（2016·四川泸州·统考中考真题）—Jenny, when did you move here?

—I ________ here for three years.

A．lived B．moved C．have moved D．have lived

3．（2016·内蒙古包头·中考真题）—Paul, do you know Jenny Fox?

—Do I know Jenny? I ________ her since she was born.

A．know B．knew C．had known D．have known

4．（2017·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）—My uncle hasn’t been back to our hometown for years.

—________. He must miss his family very much.

A．It’s a shame B．No way C．Good job D．No problem

5．（2017·山东济南·统考中考真题）—Is this a new piano?

—No. I have _________ it for a long time.

A．had B．joined C．bought D．borrowed

6．（2018·甘肃天水·统考中考真题）—When will A bite of China Ⅲ begin tonight?

—It ________ for ten minutes.

A．will begin B．has begun C．will be on D．has been on

7．（2019·四川德阳·统考中考真题）My good friend ________ this car for more than ten years.

A．has had B．has bought C．have had D．buys

8．（2019·广西梧州·统考中考真题）My uncle ________ in England since ten years ago.

A．lives B．lived C．will live D．has lived

9．（2019·广西贺州·统考中考真题）— What a new look our city has!

— Yes. Great changes ________ since 2008.

A．take place B．took place C．have taken place D．are taking place

10．（2021·湖北省直辖县级单位·统考中考真题）What great progress our country ________ since 1949!

A．makes B．made C．is made D．has made

二、完形填空

（2021·山东青岛·统考中考真题）

Every year, thousands of young inventors show their ideas at NICEE. Some kids get invited to NICEE. The main goal of NICEE is to help kids know real problems and find ways to _____11_____ them.

To support this _____12_____, many schools now have invention clubs. Kids in the clubs work together. They look _____13_____ ways to make life better. They might invent something to make a job _____14_____ or make people safer.

For example, Lucca wanted to help people _____15_____ his grandmother. She had to wear a breathing mask(面罩) in the hospital. That made it hard for others to hear her _____16_____. So Lucca invented a new mask. It has a microphone. It _____17_____ the person’s voice to a speaker(扬声器). Now users can talk with others.

Inventions can be simple. One winner, Maddox, made a new garden shovel (铁铲). The shovel has marks on _____18_____ to help gardeners know how deep to dig their holes.

_____19_____ kids choose an idea, they have to build a model that works. They cannot spend more than $50. The invention must be something new. It also must fit inside a certain space.

NICEE shows the best inventions from the states. Young inventors get to meet one another. They see others, great ideas. Some of them win prizes. They can _____20_____ learn about ways to sell their inventions.

11．A．answer B．solve C．develop D．create

12．A．way B．chance C．goal D．decision

13．A．for B．into C．up D．at

14．A．harder B．easier C．worse D．stronger

15．A．as B．with C．by D．like

16．A．sound B．noise C．voice D．sign

17．A．hears B．says C．discovers D．sends

18．A．it B．him C．its D．them

19．A．Before B．Although C．When D．While

20．A．instead B．never C．finally D．even

三、阅读理解

A

（2022·辽宁朝阳·统考中考真题）

Martina’s Grandpa Peter lived with the family after Grandma’s death.

One day, Mom Susan decided to do the spring cleaning. They cleaned the house until everything was clean. Then Mom pointed to Grandpa’s sofa and said, “That old sofa has got to go. We’ll buy Grandpa a new one.”

But as they moved the sofa, Grandpa stopped them and shouted, “You can’t take my sofa! I don’t want a new one.” Mom had to say, “We will talk about it tonight when John gets home.” John, Martina’s dad, was still at work.

“Grandpa, why don’t you let us take away the sofa?” Martina asked at supper. Grandpa shook his head, “I sat in this sofa, with your grandma, when I asked her to marry me. It was so long ago, but when I sit in this sofa and close my eyes, she seems to be near.”

“It’s surprising!” Martina thought, “How Grandpa can remember things from the past. These days he forgets almost everything.”

Grandpa smiled to Martina, “The night your father was born, I sat in this sofa. I was nervous when they placed the little baby into my arms.”

“Many years later,” Grandpa continued, “I sat in this sofa when the doctor told me your grandma was ill. I was lost without her, but the sofa gave me the comfort.”

“I do see now.” Martina looked at Grandpa. “This is not just an old sofa. It is more like a friend.” “Yes.” Grandpa added, “We’ve got through a lot together.”

The whole family agreed that the house would be boring without the old sofa.

21．What was Grandpa like these days?

A．Forgetful. B．Impatient. C．Angry. D．Careless.

22．Who does the underlined phrase “the little baby” in Paragraph 7 refer to（指的是）?

A．Martina. B．John. C．Susan. D．Peter.

23．According to the passage, what important things did Grandpa experience sitting in the old sofa?

①Grandma’s death

②holding the little baby for the first time

③asking Grandma to marry him

④hearing the news that Grandma was ill

A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①③④

24．We can infer（推断） that the family were probably ________ at the end of the story.

A．surprised B．bored C．moved D．nervous

25．What’s the best title for this passage?

A．Martina’s Wish B．A Spring Cleaning 

C．A Happy Family D．Grandpa’s Old Sofa

B

（2021·山东济南·统考中考真题

Online study can be hard. Zech Hipp was doing it with great difficulty. Zech is 15 years old. He lives in Seattle, Washington, with his four brothers and his mother.

“It’s hard to stay focused,” he said. “I can’t stay focused on one thing at a time.” Zech has gotten some helpful advice from his “Big Brother” Owen Kim. Kim is 33 years old. He is Zech’s mentor through a program. The program is called Big Brothers Big Sisters of Puget Sound.

A mentor is someone who gives help and advice. Kim and Zech often text, talk over the phone and even video call. Kim gave Zech some advice about how to stay focused while doing school at home. Kim suggests picking one space and always doing your work there. “Make that space as comfortable as possible,” he said.

In his room, Zech set up a cubby（小房间）.He has a place where he can make tea. This was Kim’s idea. Here, Zech said he is more separated from everybody else in the house. That’s where he does schoolwork.

Kim and Zech have been Big Brother and Little Brother for four years. They used to meet once a week. They would walk through the city or play video games. In spring 2020, COVID-19 started spreading. Kim and Zech had to stop meeting up in person. The illness spreads easily between people. Now, they only communicate over the phone or video call.

Kim is older than Zech. He has had different life experiences. When they talk, Kim can give Zech a different point of view about life. Zech said this is helpful. Kim said its been a great thing for him, too. He said Zech has been a wonderful addition to his life.

“Owen’s always there,” Zech’s mother said. All of her boys have had Big Brothers or Big Sisters. “It has done such wonders for our family,” she said. “Just having them in our lives has been such a blessing.”

26．What do we know about Zech from Paragraph 1?

A．He lives in a big city in India. B．He had trouble learning online.

C．His mother is too hard on him. D．There’re five people in his family.

27．What is talked about in Paragraph 2?

A．Why Kim and Zech studied together. B．When Big Brothers Big Sisters started.

C．What good advice Zech gave to Kim. D．How Kim became Zech’s “Big Brother”

28．Why did Zech set up a cubby in his house?

A．To get a new job and do his work there. 

B．To have a space to study with his brothers.

C．To make a special space for schoolwork. 

D．To make a space for him and Kim to met.

29．Because of the spread of COVID-19,Kim and Zech had to ________

A．part with their family B．stay at home watching videos

C．meet up at Zech’s home D．talk on the phone or video call

30．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text?

A．To introduce a helpful program. B．To help a boy named Zech Hipp.

C．To show us how to study online. D．To stop the spread of COVID-19.

四、短文填空

（2020·湖北黄冈·统考中考真题）

Hometown Feelings

Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year. Nowadays___31___(million) of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities. Among these is Zhong Wei,a 46-year-old husband and father. He___32___(live) in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. With a hard job in a factory, he doesn't find much time to visit his hometown. "I used___33___(return) home at least once a year, but I haven’t been back for three years now." He says

Many people like Zhong Wei are___34___(interest) in how their hometowns have changed. Perhaps large hospitals and new roads have appeared. ___35___many places, the government has also built new schools and sent teachers from the cities to help.

"I noticed that's true of my hometown," adds Zhong Wei. "Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school___36___the mid-20th century. But now the buildings are___37___(real) old. I hear they're going to build a new school there." Zhong Wei thinks such developments are good, and he also knows that his hometown cannot always stay the same.

According to Zhong Wei, ___38___, some things will never change. "In my hometown, there was a big old tree opposite the school. It is still there and has become quite a symbol of the place.Most of the children in my time___39___(like) to play together under that big tree, especially during the summer holidays. It was such a happy childhood. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet____40____(memory) in our hearts."

五、补全对话

（2021·湖南娄底·统考中考真题）

通读下列对话，然后根据上下文补全对话内容。

（A: David B: Mary ）

A: Hi, Mary. Have you heard of the volunteer activity this week in our school?

B: ________41________.

A: Ah, don’t you know? It is “Empty Plates Movement”. And I’m one of the volunteers.

B: ________42________?

A: We will put up signs about saving food in our school dining hall at first.

B: Oh, sounds interesting! What else will you do?

A: ________43________. We have lots of things to do.

B: Wonderful! When will it start?

A: At 3: 00 tomorrow afternoon. ________44________?

B: Yes, I’d love to. See you tomorrow.

A: ________45________.