人教新目标 (Go for it) 版八年级下册Unit 1 What’s the matter?Section B导学案

Unit 1 What’s the matter?

Section B & Self Check

教材知识全解 讲透知识 查漏补缺

知识点一 定语从句的用法·

教材原文 Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing.阿伦·罗尔斯顿是一个对

登山感兴趣的美国人.本句中的 who is interested in mountain climbing 是定语从句,修饰先行词an American man,其中who是关系代词,在定语从句中作主语,也可以用that来代替.

I don't know the man who/that is wearing a blue T-shirt.我不认识那个穿蓝色T恤的男人.

例1 (2020山东滨州中考)-Do you know Li Ziqi?

-Of course. She is a beautiful girl________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.

解析 句意:-你知道李子柒吗?-当然了.她是一个制作了许多展示传统中国生活方式的视频的漂亮女孩.句中a beautiful girl是先行词,表示“人”,所以使用关系代词who引导定语从句,who has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life作a beautiful girl的定语.故答案选D.

答案 D

知识点二 be used to的用法

教材原文 As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯了冒险.

be used to 后接名词、代词或动名词,意为“习惯于······”.

They are used to living in the big city.他们习惯居住在大城市了.

辨析 be used to do sth.与 be used to doing sth.

例2 (2020四川成都期末)Mandy is French. But she________ eating Chinese food.

解析 句意:Mandy是法国人,但她习惯了吃中国食物.be used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”.根据后面的eating可知答案选B.

答案 B

知识点三 run out的用法······

教材原文 But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.但是当他的水用完的时候,他知道他将不得不做些事情来挽救他自己的生命.

run out是“动词＋副词”结构的短语,意为“用完;耗尽”,主语通常是“时间、金钱、食物”等无生命的东西.

All the money ran out.所有的钱都花光了.

拓展 run out of也可以表示“用完;耗尽”,主语通常是人.

We've run out of our pocket money.我们已经把零花钱花完了.

例3 (2020北京北大附属实验学校月考)He________ his money. And he asked his mother for some.

解析 句意:他用光了他的钱.并且他向他母亲要了一些. run out意为“用光”,主语通常是金钱、时间等.run out of后接宾语,主语通常是人.本句时态为一般过去时,结合句中的主语He可知答案选A.

答案 A

知识点四 cut off的用法

教材原文 So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm.所以他用他的刀切断了他的半条右臂.本句中的cut off是固定短语,意为“切除”.

He cut off a bunch of grapes to entertain us.他剪下一串葡萄来招待我们.

拓展动词＋off

turn off关闭;关掉

get off 下车

turn on打开

get on 上车

give off发出;散发

take off起飞;脱掉

put off推迟;拖延

set off＝set out出发

例4(2020广东东莞厚街丰泰外国语学校月考)His right leg was hurt badly. The doctors________.

解析 句意:他的右腿受了重伤,医生把它切除了.cut off意为“切除”.根据“His right leg was hurt badly.”可知切除

的是右腿,需用it代替,且要放在词组的中间,故答案选A.

答案 A

知识点五 importance的用法··········

教材原文 In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life.

在这本书里,阿伦讲述了做出好的决定以及掌控自己生命的重要性.

importance是名词,意为“重要;重要性”.

He emphasized the importance of careful driving.他强调了小心驾驶的重要性.

拓展同根词

important adj.重要的

unimportant adj.不重要的un-是否定前缀

importance n. 重要;重要性-ance是名词后缀

知识点六 decision的用法

教材原文 In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions, and of being in control of one's life.在这本书里,阿伦讲述了做出好的决定以及掌控自己生命的重要性.

decision 是名词,意为“决定;抉择”.make a decision 相当于decide,表示“作出决定”.decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”.

We made a decision to go there on foot.我们决定步行去那里.

例5(2019吉林长春名校调研期中)-Wow, so many beautiful cars! I don't know which one to buy.

-You have to make a(n) ________.

解析 句意:-哇,这么多漂亮的汽车！我都不知道买哪一辆了.---你必须作出决定.make a decision/make decisions 意为“作出决定”.

答案 B

知识点七 keep on doing sth.的用法········

教材原文 Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.阿伦在那次事故之后并没有放弃,他现在还坚持爬山.

keep on doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“继续做某事;坚持做某事”.

You'll soon go to pieces if you keep on working like that.如果你继续那样工作的话,你的身体很快就会垮掉的.

注意 keep doing sth.和 keep on doing sth.是近义表达,意为“继续做某事”.

He kept working, although he was ill.他尽管病了,但仍然继续工作.

例6 (2020北京北大附属实验学校月考)Aron kept on________ mountains even after the experience.

解析 句意:阿伦甚至在这次经历之后,还在坚持爬山.keep on doing sth.意为“继续／坚持做某事”,是固定搭配.故选B.

答案 B

重点难点全解 精讲精解 精准高效

情态动词 should

1.should的用法

should作情态动词,可以表示责任和义务,意为“应当;应该”,可用于各种人称.

You shouldn't talk with him like this.你不应该这样跟他讲话.

2.should 用于不同句式

You should listen to your parents.你应该听父母的话

You shouldn't go out last night.昨晚你不应该出去

Should I take my temperature first?我应该先量体温吗?

What should I do?我应该做什么?

3.should的近义表达

You ought to diet and take more exercise.你应该节食并多做运动.

They are supposed to shake hands with the guests.他们应该和客人握手.

单元语法全解 熟悉句型 把握要领

反身代词

反身代词是表示反射或强调的代词,由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称代词的宾格形式的词尾加-self或-selves构成.可译为“本人;本身;自己”.

其形式如下表所示:

反身代词在句中可以作宾语、同位语和表语等.

易错易混全解 对比辨析 跳出陷阱

①too many, too much, much too

I have too many chores to do, so I can't go with you.我有太多家务活要干,所以我不能和你一起去.

We have too much homework to do.我们有太多家庭作业要做.

It's much too cold. We'd better not go out.天气太冷了.我们最好不要出去.

He runs much too fast. I can't catch up with him.他跑得太快了.我追不上他.

②because, because of

The sports meet was put off because of the bad weather.运动会因为糟糕的天气而被推迟了.

I didn't buy anything because the shop was closed.我没有买到任何东西,因为商店关门了.

③die, dead, death

He died last year.他去年去世了.

I cried because my pet dog was dead.我哭了,因为我的宠物狗死了.

She was sad for her grandfather's death.她因为她爷爷的去世难过不已.

注意 die是短暂性动词,不能和时间段搭配,若表示“死了一段时间”,要用be dead结构.

The old man died two years ago.那位老人两年前去世了.

The old man has been dead for two years.那位老人去世有两年时间了.