高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the world课后复习题

必修一 Unit5 Language Around The World

Exercise 1

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words or phrases from the list. Each word/phrase should only be used once.

His positive __________ towards challenges helped him overcome difficult situations. (attitude)

The teacher __________ to a map to explain the geography lesson. (refer)

The solar __________ consists of the sun, planets, and other celestial bodies. (system)

The movie was __________ on a best-selling novel. (based)

The tradition of celebrating New Year's Eve __________ to ancient times. (dates back)

The Ming __________ was known for its significant cultural and economic advancements. (dynasty)

The supermarket offers a __________ of fruits and vegetables. (variety)

The __________ breakthrough in the field of medicine brought hope to millions. (major)

__________ where you go, always remember your roots. (No matter)

The little black dress is considered a timeless __________ of fashion. (classic)

I __________ the effort you put into this project. (appreciate)

Can you provide more __________ instructions on how to assemble the furniture? (specific)

Many people __________ to find a work-life balance. (struggle)

In a fair society, everyone should be treated as __________. (equal)

Exercise 2

   Language is a fundamental aspect of human existence, reflecting the diversity of cultures, histories, and traditions around the world. With thousands of languages spoken, the linguistic landscape is a vibrant tapestry that shapes communication, thought processes, and identities of individuals and communities. Understanding the significance of language diversity is essential for fostering global understanding and cooperation in today's interconnected world.

   Language serves as a powerful tool for communication, enabling people to express ideas, emotions, and knowledge. Each language has its unique nuances and expressions that enrich human interaction and create a sense of belonging among speakers. As people travel, migrate, and engage in global exchanges, language facilitates cross-cultural communication and promotes mutual respect and appreciation.

   However, the dominance of a few major languages in various domains, such as business, politics, and academia, poses challenges to linguistic diversity. The globalization of economies and the rise of English as a lingua franca have led to the marginalization of smaller languages. As a result, many languages are facing endangerment or extinction, threatening the rich cultural heritage they carry.

   Efforts to preserve endangered languages have gained momentum in recent years. Indigenous communities, linguists, and governments collaborate to document and revitalize these languages, recognizing their importance in preserving cultural identities and knowledge systems. Initiatives such as language revitalization programs, local language education, and digital language resources play a crucial role in safeguarding linguistic diversity.

   Language also plays a significant role in shaping individual and collective identities. People often express their cultural background, values, and beliefs through the languages they speak. Language serves as a conduit for the transmission of cultural traditions, oral histories, and folklore, contributing to a sense of pride and belonging.

   In conclusion, language is more than a means of communication; it is a reflection of humanity's vast cultural diversity and shared history. Embracing linguistic diversity can enrich global interactions, promote empathy, and foster peaceful coexistence. As we continue to navigate a rapidly changing world, preserving and valuing the multitude of languages is essential for building a more inclusive and harmonious global community.

1.       What is one of the primary functions of language?

a)         To enforce cultural boundaries.

b)        To facilitate cross-cultural communication.

c)         To dominate and suppress smaller languages.

d)  To create linguistic barriers among speakers.

2.       What poses a challenge to linguistic diversity in the globalized world?

a)         The rise of endangered languages.

b)        The decrease in international travel.

c)         The dominance of indigenous languages.

d)        The globalization of economies.

3.       How are efforts made to preserve endangered languages?

a)  Through collaboration between indigenous communities and linguists.

b)  By promoting English as the sole global language.

c)  By reducing language education opportunities for local communities.

d)  Through excluding digital language resources.

4.       Besides communication, what other role does language play in shaping identities?

a)         Suppressing cultural values and beliefs.

b)        Marginalizing linguistic minorities.

c)         Transmitting cultural traditions and histories.

d)  Eliminating cultural diversity.

5.       Why is embracing linguistic diversity important in today's world?

a)         To encourage the dominance of one global language.

b)        To foster mutual respect and appreciation.

c)         To eliminate the need for translation services.

d)  To limit communication to a few major languages.

Exercise 3

   Language is a fascinating and diverse aspect of human (1) __________. It is estimated that there are around 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, ranging from widely spoken languages with billions of speakers to (2) __________ languages with only a few speakers. This linguistic diversity reflects the (3) __________ cultural and historical experiences of people across the globe.

   Languages are not static; they constantly (4) __________ and evolve over time, influenced by social, political, and technological changes. Globalization and increased international interactions have led to the spread of (5) __________ languages as well as the borrowing of words and expressions from one language to another.

   The classification of languages into (6) __________ families helps linguists trace their origins and connections. For example, the Indo-European language family encompasses a wide range of languages, including English, Spanish, Hindi, and Russian, while the Sino-Tibetan language family includes Mandarin, Tibetan, and others. Understanding language families provides insights into human migration and cultural (7) __________ throughout history.

   Unfortunately, linguistic diversity is under threat, with many languages facing (8) __________. Dominant languages often overshadow smaller local languages, leading to their (9) __________ or endangerment. Efforts to preserve and revitalize endangered languages have become increasingly important to maintain the unique cultural identities and knowledge systems they carry.

   Language not only serves as a means of (10) __________ but also plays a pivotal role in shaping individual and group identities. It is a repository of cultural heritage, traditions, and values. Local languages often encode the worldviews and belief systems of their speakers, highlighting the (11) __________ connections between language and culture.

   Language also influences how we (12) __________ and understand the world around us. Different languages may have unique words or expressions that capture concepts not found in other languages, enriching our capacity to (13) __________ ideas and experiences. Multilingualism fosters cross-cultural understanding and opens doors to (14) __________ perspectives.

   Embracing linguistic diversity is crucial for building a (15) __________ global community that respects and values the cultural richness each language brings to our shared human experience.

1. A. development B. experience C. expression D. journey
2. A. endangered B. extinct C. dominant D. obscure
3. A. unique B. diverse C. extensive D. complex
4. A. adapt B. change C. stagnate D. disappear
5. A. indigenous B. universal C. foreign D. local
6. A. cultural B. dialect C. language D. linguistic
7. A. assimilation B. interactions C. conflicts D. heritage
8. A. preservation B. recovery C. chaos D. extinction
9. A. isolation B. disappearance C. promotion D. recognition
10. A. communication B. creativity C. celebration D. exploration
11. A. profound B. remarkable C. negligible D. insignificant
12. A. conceive B. interpret C. dismiss D. perceive
13. A. convey B. grasp C. ignore D. explore
14. A. conflicting B. harmonious C. unexplored D. contrasting
15. A. cohesive B. unified C. inclusive D. divisive

Answers：

Exercise 1: attitude  refer  system  based  dates back  dynasty  variety

         major  No matter  classic  appreciate  specific  struggle  equal

Exercise 2: b d a c b

Exercise 3: B D B B C D B D B A A D A D A