专题36语法填空综合强化13（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空

这是一份专题36语法填空综合强化13（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空，共23页。试卷主要包含了50，考查冠词，考查介词，考查形容词，考查名词，考查非谓语动词等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022高考英语语法填空综合强化13
(各地名校最新高考模拟真题)
（2022·福建龙岩·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese taikonauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu, conducted the science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth. They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed viewers ___1___ they live and work inside the space station.
When ___2___ (reply) to a Hong Kong student’s question about water, Wang explained that the water they drink ___3___ (recycle), noting that there is no difference in taste ___4___ regular water and recycled water and every drop of water is made full use of there. In an experiment, she created a water film using a metal ring and a bag ___5___ (fill) with water. Then she placed on the water film a paper flower bud (花蕾) prepared by her daughter and her before the journey. The bud turned around ___6___ (magical) on the film and “blossomed.”
Zhai ___7___ (introduce) the “penguin jumpsuit” Ye was wearing during the class. The suit has multiple flexible bands inside to help the astronauts maintain their muscle ___8___ (strong).
Ye demonstrated experiments related to cell growth in the ___9___ (weight) environment in space. They compared ___10___ growth and shape of cells in artificial gravity and zero-gravity to study their changing rules and mechanisms.
（2022·江西·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案写在答题卡上。
When visiting China, many travellers expect to have close contact with the giant panda, one of the msot adorable creatures in the world. Actually, no other country can provide such a ____11____ (wonder) chance like China, as the giant panda is native ____12____China and thus serves as China's national symbol.
The giant panda's diet is mainly herbivorous, ____13____ (consist) over 99% bamboo. However, it gets little energy and protein from bamboo. To compensate for the limited energy included in its diet, it eats as much as 9-14 kg bamboo shoots a day ____14____ (average).
As a result, the giant panda has its behavior ____15____ (affect) by the limited energy input and tends to limit energy consuming by limiting social interactions and avoiding steeply sloping area. It is a kind of animal with high and unique adaptability. ____16____ (it) large size and round face are also adaptations to its bamboo diet.
The giant panda typically lives around 15-20 years in the wild and above 30 years in captivity. The oldest one ever in captivity is a female named Jia Jia, who _____17_____(die) at an age of 38. Considering one year for a giant panda is equal to three ____18____four years for a human being in terms of ageing, she was over 100 in the human standard.
The giant panda is one of the world's most adored and protected rare ____19____ (animal), and is one of the few in the world _____20_____natural inhabitant status was able to gain a UNESCO World Heritage Site designation.
（2022·陕西·西安市高陵区第一中学一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wang Tao, founder and CEO of TAORAY WANG believes that beyond beauty, fashion is about absorbing and using social energy.   As one of ___21___ most accomplished designers in China, she brought this vision into contemporary fashion with her collection, taoray taoray.
The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020 ___22___ (show) for the first time on the world stage of New York Fashion Week ___23___ tradition met modernity. The ___24___ (inspire)came to fruition when taoray taoray’s design team was introduced to Yi embroidery (刺绣). The Yi ethnic group has thousands of years of history, and its splendid culture is valuable in Chinese society. Embroidery is a(n) ___25___ (remark) part of the culture, which is a symbol and treasure of Yi people's art and culture.
In order to create the collection, Wang and her team went to Chuxiong in Yunnan Province and ___26___ (dig) into the culture and history of Yi’s craftsmanship (技艺) to gain insight into the essence and symbolism of Yi embroidery.___27___(aim) to recall tradition, the design team applied the ___28___ (pattern), colors, and techniques of Yi's culture ___29___ their contemporary fashion design, including T-shirts, jackets, shirts and other essentials.
The taoray taoray collection ____30____(be) a reflection on how the designers are preserving culture to remind people of the beauty of tradition in daily life!
（2022·陕西·西安中学二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The home crowd erupted when China’s Eileen Gu won the Women’s Freeski Big Air gold in Beijing.
Gu jumped into the top position with her third run, ____31____(score) 94.50. Her total score was 188.25 in the event’s debut at the Winter Olympics.
The 18-year-old,who also ____32____(go) by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing, is a freestyle skier, model and grade-A student with ____33____ American father and a Chinese mother. She grew up in the United States. It was there ____34____ she grew to love skiing. By 2018, she was representing the US in the world cup for the sport.
Then, she decided to switch from representing the US ____35____ representing China. The decision met with shock and ____36____(confuse) from her growing fan base but Gu was ____37____(determine), sharing her reasoning on Instagram at the time.
“This was an ____38____(incredible) tough decision for me to make...Through skiing, I hope to unite people, promote common understanding, create communication and forge friendships between____39____(nation). If I can help to inspire one young girl ____40____(break) a boundary, my wishes will have come true.”
（2022·广西柳州·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 1883, a creative bridge engineer named John Roebling ___41___ (inspire) by an idea to build a great bridge to connect New York with Long Island. However, bridge ___42___ (expert) throughout the world thought it was impossible and told Roebling to forget it. After much discussion and persuasion he managed ___43___ (convince) his son Washington, also a bridge engineer, that the bridge could in fact be built. The project started well, but an accident on the site took away ___44___ life of John Roebling and Washington was so severely brain-damaged that he could only be able to move a finger. However, Washington was never discouraged and still had a ___45___ (burn) desire to complete the bridge and his mind was still as sharp as ever. One day as he lay in his hospital bed, ___46___ (sudden) an idea hit him. By moving his finger, he slowly developed a code of ___47___ (communicate) with his wife. For 13 years Washington tapped out his instructions with his finger on his wife’s arm, until the bridge was finally completed. Today the Grand Brooklyn Bridge ___48___ (stand) in all its glory, showing us that we can make ___49___ is impossible possible with determination and persistence. It is also regarded ___50___ an honor to Washington’s determination not to be defeated by conditions.
（2022·广东汕头·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Poetry, ____51____ universal form of literature, plays an important role in ancient China. Poetry probably had its origins in traditional folk music tens of thousands of years ago. In that era, there were no TVs or films, and ____52____ (write) had not been invented, so people would sit around the fire at night and sing songs ____53____ (entertain) themselves. These songs reflected themes from the people’s daily ____54____ (life), such as hunting animals or sowing crops. Since nothing was set down, over the years different versions of these songs developed, and each area would have its own respective rhythm. In addition to this, people would recite stories of past heroes.
As these stories were often quite long, they often had rhyme and rhythm to help people remember them more ____55____ (easy). While in the beginning such songs and stories had a very simple format, over time they became more complicated and ____56____ (pretty). These were no longer the works of amateurs sitting around a fire, ____57____ works of true poets who cared about their art and who sometimes made a living from it.
Poetry plays with sounds, words, and grammar, ____58____ makes poetry difficult to write but very interesting to read. Poetry uses colors, feelings, experiences, and images to paint a picture in your mind. Today, many Chinese people ____59____ (become) more interested in reading poems, no matter _____60_____ language they are written. Translation is good, but being able to read in what language is best.
（2022·陕西渭南·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Through continuous efforts of the Chinese government, Meng Wanzhou, the Chief Financial Officer of Huawei, arrived at Shenzhen Bao’an International Airport on Saturday on a flight ____61____ (organize) by the Chinese government.
According to a statement issued by one of the lawyers, ____62____ represented Meng, she has not pleaded guilty and Meng will not____63____ (charge) further in the United States and the case in Canada will be stopped.
It marks the end of Meng’s nearly three-year detention(拘押) in Canada. Meng was arrested by Canadian authorities____64____ the request of the US in December 2018. Meng and Huawei____65____ (repeat) denied the accusation. “My life has been turned upside down. It was a messy time for____66____ (I)”, Meng said. “I will never forget all the good____67____ (wish) I received from people around the world”, she____68____ (continue).On____69____ flight heading home, Meng expressed her thanks to the country. “Without a_____70_____ (power) nation, I would not be free as I am today,” said Meng from the airplane, which was to land in China in a few hours.
（2022·湖南·沅江市第一中学模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 1, 2021, when she became the country's first woman to conduct a spacewalk. Wang and fellow astronaut Zhai Zhigang, two of the three-member team at China's new Tiangong space station, successfully ___71___(complete) the 6.5 hour spacewalk in the early hours of that day. During the spacewalk, the team installed
___72___ air-spring suspension device and transfer connectors to the station's robotic arm. They also tested the ___73___(safe) of supporting equipment, including China's domestically ___74___(produce) spacesuit. It's the first time the crew have exited the station ___75___ they arrived on October 16.
Shortly after stepping out of the space station's cabin, Wang ___76___(gentle) waved to audiences on Earth and said she felt great, in a video released by the flight control center. She is China's second woman in space, after Liu Yang made history by ___77___(join) the Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012.
Chinese state media highlighted Wang's achievement. Before her, only 15 women globally had conducted spacewalks since 1984, ___78___ Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so. So far, the vast majority of female spacewalkers ___79___ (be) American NASA astronauts. Female spacewalkers are “an integral part of manned space,” and Wang has left her mark on history thanks ___80___ her “bravery,” said Yang Yuguang, Vice Chair of Space Transportation Committee for IAF.
（2022·云南昆明·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Shanghai never made anyone ___81___ (disappoint). Located in the mouth of Yangtze river, with the nickname “Paris of the East” or “Pearl of the Orient”, Shanghai makes ___82___ (it) a famous place for street food lovers from all over the world. With the mix-culture ___83___ East and West, Shanghai’s unbeatable and attractive food culture in sweet and oily cuisines is well-known everywhere. While ___84___ (comfortable) knocking about the street food corner of Nanjing West Road, you just cannot miss a few typical Shanghainese cuisines, ___85___ are usually served as breakfast for local Shanghainese.
Are you ___86___ (hunger) and don’t know what to eat? Just 4 pieces of Shanghai pan-fried dumplings can make your stomach feel better after a few hours ___87___ (wander) in search of food. This tasty dish is usually what Shanghai ___88___ (cook) are eager for after a long day inside the kitchen. Da Bing in Chinese literally refers to “large pancake”. Not only Da Bing is a popular street food dish ___89___ it is also a favorite in Chinese restaurants. As one of the Chinese “Four Kings of Breakfast”, Da Bing is a perfect substitute for rice at any meal and can ___90___ (eat) as snack at different times of the day.
（2022·江西·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Esther Snader, a retired American teacher, said____91____was hard to leave the Chinese university she had taught at for more than 19 years, but that leaving her more than 1.200 books to the students was an easy____92____(decide).
Snader recently returned from Anqing Normal University in Anhui province to her hometown in the US. She couldn’t help feeling sad as she waved goodbye to the students, who____93____(spend)much of their time not only studying the courses she taught, but also in her living room____94____(read).
When she began working at the university, she found the students didn’t have many English books to read, she made____95____(she)available to them every Wednesday afternoon in the living room of her apartment, which____96____(provide)by the university.
Each time she went back to the US in the summer, she always chose some more books that she thought would be good for her students____97____shipped them to her Chinese address. Her library grew year by year and____98____(amaze), it had over 1,200 English publications before she left.
"Esther’s Library" was in Snader’s apartment until her last year of teaching,____99____it was moved to the English department, with students volunteering_____100_____(maintain) it since then.
参考答案：
1．how
2．replying
3．is recycled
4．between
5．filled
6．magically
7．introduced
8．strength
9．weightless
10．the
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光福在距地球400公里的太空进行的科学讲座。
1．
考查名词性从句。句意：他们与来自中国五个教室的学生进行了互动并向观众们展示他们是如何在太空站生活与工作的。分析句子结构可知，“_____they live and work inside the space station.”作动词showed(展示)的宾语，是宾语从句，结合句意分析从句结构，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how来引导。故填how。
2．
考查状语从句的省略。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词，结合句意，分析子可知，“When 　　　 (reply) to a Hong Kong student’s question about water,”是时间状语从句，原句为“When Wang is replying to a Hong Kong student’s question about water,”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略Wang is后，应保留现在分词replying。故填replying。
3．
考查动词时态语态。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。分析句子可知，recycle(循环利用)是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语the water之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语the water是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is recycled。
4．
考查介词。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“……与……之间”。故填between。
5．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在一次实验中，她用一个金属环和一个装满水的袋子制作了一种水膜。分析句子可知，fill(装满)作后置定语修饰名词bag，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语bag之间是被动关系，且“装满水”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填filled。
6．
考查副词。句意：花蕾在胶片上神奇地转了个身，开花了。根据句意可知，提示词修饰动词短语turned around，应用副词形式magically，意为“神奇地”。故填magically。
7．
考查动词时态。句意：翟老师介绍了叶老师上课时穿的企鹅连体衣。分析句子可知，introduce(介绍)是句中谓语动词，与主语Zhai之间是主动关系，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填introduced。
8．
考查名词。句意：宇航服内部有多个可弯曲的带，以帮助宇航员保持他们的肌肉强度。根据句意和空格前形容词性物主代词their可知，应填入名词strength构成名词词组muscle strength作宾语，意为“肌肉强度”。故填strength。
9．
考查形容词。句意：叶教授演示了在太空失重环境下细胞生长的相关实验。根据句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词environment(环境)，应用形容词形式，结合常识，此处表示“失重的环境”，应用形容词weightless。故填weightless。
10．
考查冠词。句意：他们比较了人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的生长和形状，以研究它们的变化规律和机制。句中指人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的“生长和形状”，特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
11．wonderful
12．to
13．consisting
14．averagely
15．affected
16．Its
17．died
18．or
19．animals
20．whose
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述中国的文化符号大熊猫的相关信息。
11．
考查形容词。句意：实际上，没有任何其它国家可以提供像中国这样好的机会，因为大熊猫是原产于中国的，并因此作为中国的国家符号。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词修饰后面的名词chance。故填wonderful。
12．
考查固定搭配。句意：见第1题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配be native to，表示“原产于”的意思。故填to。
13．
考查非谓语动词。句意：大熊猫主要是食草的饮食习惯，包括超过99%的竹子。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查现在分词做伴随状语，表示主动的意思。故填consisting。
14．
考查副词。句意：为了弥补饮食中有限的能力，它每天平均要吃9-14公斤的竹笋。修饰动词eats需用副词作状语。故填averagely。
15．
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，大熊猫的行为收到了有限的摄入能量的影响，并且趋向于通过限制社交和避免陡坡地区来限制能量消耗。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查过去分词做宾补，behavior和affect是被动的关系，需填过去分词形式。故填affected。
16．
考查代词。句意：它大的体格和圆圆的脸也适应了竹子的食性。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词性物主代词，修饰后面的名词短语large size and round face。故填Its。
17．
考查动词时态。句意：被人工饲养年龄最大的是雌性大熊猫佳佳，它死的时候是38岁。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句中一般过去式的谓语动词形式。故填died。
18．
考查连词。句意：考虑到大熊猫的1岁相当于人类年龄的3岁或4岁，它超过了人类100岁的标准了。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查并列连词表示“或者”的意思。故填or。
19．
考查固定搭配。句意：大熊猫是世界上最受欢迎并被保护的稀有动物之一，并且是世界上为数不多的被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产名录的动物之一。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配one of +复数名词，表示“……之一”的意思。故填animals。
20．
考查定语从句。句意：见第9题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the few，指代上文的animals，在从句中做定语，修饰后面的名词natural inhabitant status。故填whose。
21．the
22．was shown
23．where
24．inspiration
25．remarkable
26．dug
27．Aiming
28．patterns
29．to
30．is
【解析】
【导语】
本文是新闻报道。中国设计师王陶和设计团队将彝族刺绣融合在服装设计中，让世界领略了东方文化在时尚中的全新表达。
21．
考查冠词。句意：作为中国最有成就的设计师之一，她将这一愿景带入了她的时装系列——taoray taoray。根据设空处前面的one of以及后面的most accomplished designers可知，此处表示最高级，应用定冠词，故填the。
22．
考查动词语态。句意：taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。根据本句中的Spring Summer 2020可知，此处应用一般过去时，因为The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020与show之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was shown。
23．
考查定语从句。句意：taoray taoray 2020春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞台。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 world stage，并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故填where。
24．
考查名词。句意：当taoray taoray的设计团队被介绍彝族刺绣时产生了这一灵感。根据设空处前面的The和后面的 came to fruition可知，设空处作主语且表示抽象意义，应用名词，故填inspiration。
25．
考查形容词。句意：刺绣是彝族文化的重要组成部分，是彝族艺术文化的象征和瑰宝。设空处在句中作定语，应用形容词remarkable，修饰part，意为“不寻常的”，故填remarkable。
26．
考查动词时态。句意：为了创建这个集合,小王和她的团队去了云南楚雄挖掘彝族技艺的文化和历史。根据设空处的并列谓语went可知，此处应用dig的一般过去时，故填dug。
27．
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。the design team与aim之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语，表主动，故填Aiming。
28．
考查名词复数。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。pattern在此为可数名词，且与colors和techniques并列，应用名词复数形式，故填patterns。
29．
考查介词。句意：为了唤起传统，设计团队将彝族文化的图案、色彩和技术运用到他们的当代服装设计中，包括T恤、夹克、衬衫和其他必需品。apply… to…是固定搭配，表示“将……应用于……”。故填to。

30．
考查主谓一致。句意：taoray taoray系列是设计师如何保存文化，提醒人们在日常生活中的传统之美的反映！根据本句中的are preserving可知，设空处应用一般现在时，因为句子的主语是collection，故填is。
31．scoring
32．goes
33．an
34．that
35．to
36．confusion
37．determined
38．incredibly
39．nations
40．to break
【解析】
【导语】
本文为一篇新闻报道，介绍了谷爱凌在冬季奥运会自由式滑雪大跳台项目中获得金牌的事迹，并简要介绍了她的个人信息。
【详解】
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：在第三轮比赛中，谷爱凌以94.50分的成绩跃居榜首。分析句子可知，空处作前一句的结果状语，表示主动关系，用现在分词scoring。故填：scoring。
2.考查动词时态。句意：18岁的谷爱凌是一名自由式滑雪运动员、模特和优等生，她的父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。空处作定语从句的谓语，且句意表示客观情况，用一般现在时，主语who指代谷爱凌为单数，空处用第三人称单数形式goes。故填：goes。
3.考查冠词。句意同上。根据句意，表示“一个美国父亲”，表示泛指，American以元音音素开始发音，空处用不定冠词an。故填：an。
4.考查强调句型。句意：就是在那里，她爱上了滑雪。观察句子可知，It was…that构成强调句型，此处强调地点there。故填：that。
5.考查介词。句意：然后，她决定从代表美国转到代表中国。from…to…从……到……，固定短语搭配，此处表示“从美国转到中国”。故填：to。
6.考查名词。句意：这一决定让她日益壮大的粉丝感到震惊和困惑，但她下定了决心，并在Instagram上分享了自己的理由。分析句子，空处与shock一起作with的宾语，为名词，confuse对应的名词为confusion。故填：confusion。
7.考查形容词。句意同上。分析句子，空处缺少形容词作was后的表语，determined（下定决心的）符合题意。故填：determined。
8.考查副词。句意：这对我来说是一个非常艰难的决定…… 分析句子，空处修饰形容词tough，用副词作状语，incredible对应的副词为incredibly。故填：incredibly。
9.考查名词。句意：通过滑雪，我希望能团结人民，增进共识，增进交流，建立国家间的友谊。空处放在介词between后作宾语，此处表示“国家间的友谊”，用nation的复数形式。故填：nations。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我能帮助激励一个年轻女孩打破界限，我的愿望就实现了。inspire sb. to do（激励某人做某事）固定短语，空处用不定式结构作宾补。故填：to break。
41．was inspired
42．experts
43．to convince
44．the
45．burning
46．suddenly
47．communication
48．stands
49．what
50．as
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Washington身残志坚，建成布鲁克林大桥的励志故事。
41．
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：1883年，一位名叫John Roebling的创意桥梁工程师受到启发，想要建造一座连接纽约和长岛的大桥。分析句子结构可知，设空处是句子的谓语部分，根据时间状语In 1883可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词inspire与主语engineer之间是动宾关系，因而用被动语态，主语a creative bridge engineer为单数，所以用was。故填was inspired。
42．
考查名词。句意：然而，世界各地的桥梁专家认为这是不可能的，并告诉Roebling算了吧。由“throughout the world”可知，此处的“专家”为复数。故填experts。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：经过多次的讨论和劝说，他终于说服了同为桥梁工程师的儿子Washington，这座桥实际上是可以建造的。短语manage to do表示“成功做某事”，设空处为不定式做宾语。故填to convince。
44．
考查冠词。句意：项目一开始进展顺利，但现场的一场事故夺走了John Roebling的生命，Washington的大脑严重受损，他只能动一根手指。根据句意可知，此处的life特指为John Roebling的生命，因而用定冠词the。故填the。
45．
考查形容词。句意：然而，Washington从未气馁，仍然有着完成大桥的强烈愿望，他的头脑仍然像以前一样敏锐。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入形容词作desire的定语，形容词burning表示“强烈的”。故填burning。
46．
考查副词。句意：一天，当他躺在医院的病床上时，突然想到一个主意。分析句子可知，设空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。故填suddenly。
47．
考查名词。句意：通过移动手指，他慢慢形成了与妻子沟通的密码。分析句子可知，设空处需填入名词作of的宾语。故填communication。
48．
考查时态。句意：今天，布鲁克林大桥雄伟壮观的伫立着，向我们展示了我们可以用决心和毅力把不可能的事情变成可能。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少句子的谓语，由Today可知，时态为一般现在时，主语the Grand Brooklyn Bridge为第三人称单数形式。故填stands。
49．
考查宾语从句。句意：今天，布鲁克林大桥雄伟壮观的伫立着，向我们展示了我们可以用决心和毅力把不可能的事情变成可能。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“什么”。故填what。
50．
考查介词。句意：这也被认为是Washington决心不被病情击败的荣誉。根据an honor可知设空处需填入介词，由句意可知此处表示“作为”。be regarded as意为“被认为”。故填as。
【点睛】

51．a
52．writing
53．to entertain
54．lives
55．easily
56．prettier
57．but
58．which
59．are becoming
60．what
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗歌作为一种普遍的文学形式，在中国古代扮演着重要的角色。如今，许多中国人对阅读诗歌越来越感兴趣，无论它们是用什么语言写的。
51．
考查冠词。句意：诗歌作为一种普遍的文学形式，在中国古代扮演着重要的角色。由form“形式”为可数名词可知，此处为泛指一种普遍的形式，不定冠词a/an+单数名词表泛指，结合universal首字母发音为辅音音素。故填a。
52．
考查名词。句意：在那个时代，没有电视或电影，写作还没有发明。空处应用名词形式作主语，writing符合题意，意为“写作”。故填writing。
53．
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以人们晚上会围坐在火边唱歌自娱。由句意可知，此处为不定式to do sth“去做……”作目的状语，表示去娱乐自己。故填to entertain。
54．
考查名词。句意：这些歌曲反映了人们日常生活的主题，如打猎或播种庄稼。由people’s可知，此时daily life为可数名词，此处用复数指代不同人的日常生活。故填lives。
55．
考查副词。句意：由于这些故事通常都很长，它们通常有韵律和节奏，以帮助人们更容易记住它们。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词easily修饰动词remember。故填easily。
56．
考查形容词。句意：起初，这些歌曲和故事的形式很简单，但随着时间的推移，它们变得更加复杂和漂亮。由and可知，此处和前面的more complicated为并列关系，为比较级形式。故填prettier。
57．
考查连词。句意：这些作品不再是业余爱好者围坐在火堆旁的作品，而是真正的诗人的作品，他们关心自己的艺术，有时还以此为生。由句意可知，上下文为转折关系，应用but表示“而是”。故填but。
58．
考查连词。句意：诗歌具有声音、单词和语法，这使得诗歌很难写，但读起来很有趣。分析句子可知，空处引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Poetry plays with sounds, words, and grammar表示此事，在从句中作主语成分，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
59．
考查动词。句意：如今，许多中国人对阅读诗歌越来越感兴趣，无论它们是用什么语言写的。由前面时间状语“Today”可知，该句为现在进行时，表示目前正在发生的动作，结合主语many Chinese people为复数形式。故填are becoming。
60．
考查让步状语从句。句意：如今，许多中国人对阅读诗歌越来越感兴趣，无论它们是用什么语言写的。由句意可知。此处为no matter what“无论什么”引导的让步状语从句，表示无论它们是用什么语言写的。故填what。
61．organized
62．who
63．be charged
64．at
65．repeatedly
66．me
67．whishes
68．continued
69．the
70．powerful
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了孟晚舟女士被拘加拿大事件的始末。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国政府的不懈努力下，华为首席财务官孟晚舟于6日乘坐中国政府组织的航班抵达深圳宝安国际机场。分析句子可知，提示作后置定语修饰名词flight，应非谓语动词，名词flight与organize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词表被动。故填organized。
62．
考查定语从句。句意：根据代表孟的其中一名律师发表的声明，她没有认罪，孟也不会在美国进一步受到指控，加拿大的案件也将停止。空格后为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the lawyers，指人，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
63．
考查时态与语态。句意：根据代表孟的其中一名律师发表的声明，她没有认罪，孟也不会在美国进一步受到指控，加拿大的案件也将停止。主语Meng与谓语动词charge之间是被动关系，情态动词will后be动词用原形。故填be charged。
64．
考查介词。句意：2018年12月，应美国要求，加拿大当局逮捕了孟。固定短语at the request of“在……的要求下”。故填at。
65．
考查副词。句意：孟和华为多次否认这一指控。动词denied前用副词repeatedly修饰，意为“重复地，再三地”。故填repeatedly。
66．
考查代词。句意：这对我来说是一段混乱的时期。介词for后用人称代词的宾格形式。故填me。
67．
考查名词的数。句意：她继续说道：“我永远不会忘记世界各地人们对我的美好祝福。”根据all可知，可数名词wish用复数形式。故填wishes。
68．
考查时态。句意：她继续说道:“我永远不会忘记世界各地人们对我的美好祝福。”陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填continued。
69．
考查冠词。句意：在回家的航班上，孟表达了她对这个国家的感谢。这里航班指上文提到的“a flight 　1 　　 (organize) by the Chinese government.”，特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
70．
考查形容词。句意：“没有一个强大的国家，我就不会有今天的自由，”孟在飞机上说，飞机将在几个小时后抵达中国。形容词修饰名词nation。故填powerful。
71．completed
72．an
73．safety
74．produced
75．since
76．gently
77．joining
78．when
79．have been
80．to
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述中国女宇航员王亚平成为中国首位进行出舱活动的女航天员，迈出中国女性舱外太空行走的第一步。
【详解】
1. 考查时态。句意：中国新建成的天宫空间站小组有三名宇航员，其中有两名成员——王亚平和他的同事翟志刚，在当天凌晨成功完成了6.5小时的太空行走。分析句子结构可知，空处做谓语，且根据“in the early hours of that day”(在当天凌晨)可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填completed。

2. 考查冠词。句意：在太空行走期间，研究小组安装了空气弹簧悬挂装置，并将连接器转移到空间站的机械臂上。分析句子结构可知，device(设备)做宾语，是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，所以前面应用不定冠词，又因为“air-spring”(空气弹簧)读音是以元音音素开头的，所以应用an，故填an。
3. 考查名词。句意：他们还测试了配套设备的安全性，包括中国国产航天服。由介词of和后面的supporting equipment(配套设备)，此处符合of名词所有格形式，即名词+of+名词，所以空处用safe(安全的)的名词形式safety，故填safety。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还测试了配套设备的安全性，包括中国国产航天服。此处表示“由国内生产的”，produce和逻辑主语spacesuit是被动关系，所以动词produce应用过去分词形式，表示“被生产的”，做定语，修饰spacesuit(航天服)。故填produced。
5.考查连词。句意：这是他们自从10月16日到达后，第一次离开空间站。分析句子结构可知，空处前后是两个句子，且根据句意可知，此处表示“自从……”，应用连词since，故填since。
6. 考查副词。句意：走出空间站机舱后不久，在飞行控制中心发布的一段视频中，王亚平轻轻地向地球上的观众挥手，她说，她感觉很棒。此处应用副词作状语修饰动词waved(挥手)，gentle是形容词，表示“温柔的；轻柔的”，副词为gently，故填gently。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：继2012年刘洋加入神舟九号飞船创造历史之后，她是中国第二位进入太空的女性。由前面的介词by可知，介词后的动词应用动名词形式，故填joining。
8. 考查定语从句。句意：此前，自1984年苏联宇航员Svetlana Savitskaya成为第一个进行太空行走的人以来，全球只有15名女性在太空行走过。分析句子结构可知，“_____Soviet astronaut Svetlana Savitskaya became the first to do so”是非限定性定语从句，先行词为时间1984，且定语从句中缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when，故填when。
9. 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，绝大多数女性太空行走者，都是美国宇航局的宇航员。时间标志词so far(到目前为止)常与现在完成时连用，主语为 the vast majority of female spacewalkers(绝大多数女性太空行走者) 是复数，所以应用have been，故填have been。
10. 考查固定搭配。句意：国际空间局航天运输委员会副主席杨宇光说，女性太空漫步者是“载人航天不可或缺的一部分”，王亚平凭借她的“勇气”在历史上留下了印记。thanks to为固定搭配，表示“幸亏，由于”。故填to。
81．disappointed
82．itself
83．between##of
84．comfortably
85．which
86．hungry
87．wandering
88．cooks
89．but
90．be eaten
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了上海的饮食文化。
81．
考查形容词。句意：上海从未让人们失望过。分析可知空格处缺少宾补，表达：人感到失望，英语要用disappointed，故填disappointed。
82．
考查反身代词。句意：上海使自己成为一个著名的地方，街道小吃深受来自世界不同国家的人喜爱。空格处是宾语，指Shanghai本身，因此，要用反身代词强调。故填itself。
83．
考查介词。句意：具有东西方的混合文化，上海的无人竞争的吸引人的饮食文化全世界有名。根据空格后的East and West,可知，这里比较东西方，因此要用between/of。构成between...and或者the mix-culture of。故填between/of。
84．
考查副词。句意：当你舒适地在南京西路逛小吃街的时候，你不能错过有上海特色的风味小吃。空格处修饰动词knocking about，要用副词。故填comfortably。
85．
考查关系代词。句意：这些小食品常被上海当地人当作早餐。空格处是非限制性定语从句，空格前的Shanghainese cuisines是先行词，在定语从句中缺少主语，故填which。
86．
考查形容词。句意：你饿了不知吃什么吗？空格处是表语，要用形容词。故填hungry。
87．
考查动名词。句意：闲逛几个小时寻找食物，四个上海煎水饺就可以填饱你的胃。介词after后要用动名词。故填wandering。
88．
考查名词。句意：这种食物是上海厨师在厨房劳累一天后最渴望的东西。根据空格后的“are eager for”可知空格处是名词复数作主语。故填cooks。
89．
考查连词。句意：大饼不仅是街上受欢迎的小吃，而且也是饭馆最喜爱的食物。根据“Not only”以及“also”可知空格处填but。not only...but also“不但......而且”。故填but。
90．
考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：在任何饭食中，大饼都可代替米饭充当点心。主语Da Bing和谓语eat是被动关系，因此要用情态动词的被动语态，故填be eaten。
91．it
92．decision
93．had spent
94．reading
95．hers
96．was provided
97．and
98．amazingly
99．when
100．to maintain
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国退休教师埃斯特·斯纳德，总是挑选一些她认为对学生有好处的书，并把它们寄到她所执教的中国大学，退休时，她捐献英文出版读物约有1200多本。
91．
考查形式主语。句意：美国退休教师埃斯特·斯纳德说，离开这所她执教了19年多的中国大学很难，但把1200多本书留给学生是一个很容易的决定。分析句子可知，空处需要填入代词it作句子的形式主语，真正的主语是to leave the Chinese university she had taught at for more than 19 years。故填it。
92．
考查名词。句意：美国退休教师埃斯特·斯纳德说，离开这所她执教了19年多的中国大学很难，但把1200多本书留给学生是一个很容易的决定。分析句子可知，空处需要填入decide的名词形式decision作表语，由形容词easy修饰。故填decision。
93．
考查时态。句意：当她向学生们挥手告别时，她不禁感到悲伤。学生们不仅花了大量的时间学习她教的课程，还在她的客厅里阅读。分析句子可知，空处需要填入spend的谓语动词形式，且根据句意，空处动作“much of their time not only studying the courses she taught, but also in her living room reading.”发生在“as she waved goodbye to the students”之前，为“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，即had spent。故填had spent。
94．
考查非谓语动词。句意：当她向学生们挥手告别时，她不禁感到悲伤。学生们不仅花了大量的时间学习她教的课程，还在她的客厅里阅读。not only……but also……表示递进关系，因此空处需要用reading，与前面的studying保持一致，且涉及固定搭配spend time in doing，表示“花时间做”。故填reading。
95．
考查名词性物主代词。句意：当她开始在大学工作时，她发现学生们没有多少英语书可以读，她每周三下午在她大学提供的公寓的客厅里给他们看她的书。分析句意可知，空处表示“她自己的书”，因此空处需要填she的名词性物主代词hers作made的宾语。故填hers。
96．
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当她开始在大学工作时，她发现学生们没有多少英语书可以读，她每周三下午在她大学提供的公寓的客厅里给他们看她的书。此句涉及which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替apartment充当从句主语，根据句意，时态为一般过去时，空处与主语之间是被动关系，因此空处需要填一般过去时的被动语态，且与主语the apartment保持主谓一致，用单数。综上，填was provided。故填was provided。
97．
考查连词。句意：每次暑假回美国，她总是挑选一些她认为对学生有好处的书，并把它们寄到她的中国地址。分析句意可知，she always chose some more books that she thought would be good for her students和shipped them to her Chinese address为并列关系，所以空处需要填连词and。故填and。
98．
考查副词。句意：她的藏书逐年增加，令人惊讶的是，在她离开之前，她的藏书已经超过1200本英文出版物。分析句子可知，空处需要填入amaze的副词形式amazingly作状语，表示“令人惊讶的是”，修饰it had over 1,200 English publications before she left。故填amazingly。
99．
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：“埃斯特图书馆”一直在斯奈德的公寓里，直到她教书的最后一年，令人惊讶的是它被搬到了英语系，从那时起由学生志愿维护。分析句子可知，此句涉及非限制性定语从句，先行词为her last year，表时间，从句缺时间状语，所以空处需要填入关系副词when。故填when。
100．
考查不定式。句意：“埃斯特图书馆”一直在斯奈德的公寓里，直到她教书的最后一年，令人惊讶的是它被搬到了英语系，从那时起由学生志愿维护。分析句子可知，空处为固定搭配volunteer to do，表示“自愿做”。所以空处要填入maintain的不定式形式to maintain，作volunteering的宾语。故填to maintain。