专题29 语法填空综合强化06（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空

这是一份专题29 语法填空综合强化06（各地名校最新模拟真题）-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空，共25页。
2022高考英语语法填空综合强化06
(各地名校最新高考模拟真题)
（2022·重庆·西南大学附中一模）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The wooded hills of New England hide a secret--they weren't always forested. Instead, many were once covered with roads and farms.
This “lost” New England of the colonial era has started to emerge, thanks to archaeologists piercing the forests with their ____1____ (late) device called Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR).
LiDAR reveals farm walls, roads and homesteads hidden within Connecticut’s Pachaug State Forest. From villages ____2____ (sink) underwater to cities lost in the rise and fall of mill life, these ghost towns offer ____3____ unique look into the rich history of the past.
These archaeological features could not ____4____ (see) without the cutting-edge technology that bounces lasers off the ground ____5____ then generates precise pictures of surface features. Scientists using the same kind of technology have made new ____6____ (discover) while looking at Mayan cities, the plain of Stonehenge, and European palaces.
How did these farms become lost in the first place? ____7____ was documented, according to archaeologists, that there had once been extensive farming across New England. But with industrialization, people started to head west and abandoned the farms they once depended ____8____ . The forests eventually took over, covering the walls, roads, and homes until the recent findings.
Now ____9____ (carry) a strong cultural legacy of past human activity, the woodland has become a quiet monument to ____10____ we’ve lost in the development of civilization.
（2022·四川·绵阳中学模拟预测）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese astronauts conducted a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth to millions of students on Thursday afternoon, ___11___ they orbited in the Tiangong space station.
Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu, all members of the Shenzhou XⅢmission crew, greeted students, teachers and other participants when the lecture started at 3:54 pm. They showed viewers ___12___ they live and work inside the space station, which currently ___13___ (consist) of a core module, a spacecraft and two robotic cargo spaceships.
The astronauts displayed their exercise equipment and a ___14___ (special) designed space suit, and conducted ___15___ (demonstration) on physical phenomena in microgravity, such as a “water ball”. Ye, who is on his ___16___ (one) spaceflight, showed how he turned his body in the ___17___ (weight) environment. The astronauts also answered questions from students during the lecture.
Tens of millions of primary and middle school students across China ___18___ (watch) the hour-long televised event ___19___ (host) by the China Manned Space Agency, the Ministry of Education and other government departments.
A total of 1,420 invited students in Beijing; Nanning, capital of the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region; Wenchuan, Sichuan province; and the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions were present at “ground class venues”, with some taking part in video chats ____20____ the crew members during the lecture.
（2022·湖南邵阳·一模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists say soft robot jellyfish that can swim through openings ____21____（narrow） than their bodies could be used to observe coral reefs. In future the “jellybots” could be sent into delicate environments, such as coral reefs, without risking damage. Their creators believe they could act ____22____ “guardians of the oceans”.
Dr Erik Engeberg, one of the robot’s ____23____（inventor） from Florida Atlantic University in the US, said, “____24____（study） and observing delicate environment has always been hard for researchers. Soft robots can help with this.”
The design of the jelly bot is based on ____25____ shape of the moon jellyfish. The team used a system ____26____（drive） by two impeller pumps（叶轮系） to allow the robot to swim.
Dr Engeberg said, “Soft robots based on fish and other sea animals ____27____（win） popularity in the research community in the last few years. Jellyfish, are excellent choices,____28____ that they are very efficient swimmers. Their ____29____（perform） is due to the shape of their bodies,_____30_____ can produce a combination of vortex（漩涡） and jet propulsion（推进）.”
（2021·广东·华南师大附中模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people have experienced negative consequences as a result of the COVID-19 restrictions. This includes small business owners ____31____ were forced to close. However, there has also been a chance for some people to show kindness and shine a ray of hope.
One of my friends ____32____ (own) a bakery. Because of the lockdowns (封城), he ran into a ____33____ (finance) crisis. He had to shut his shop for months, ____34____ (cause) his debts to increase.
My friend had ____35____ (previous) rented his apartment to a tailor, but this man also struggled to earn a living due to the impact of COVID．Even after the restrictions were removed, his business was not doing any ____36____ (well). Somehow the tailor managed to arrange for the rent to ____37____ (pay) to my friend after months. However, my friend refused to take the money. He discovered that the tailor ____38____ (sell) one of his machines to pay it. He advised the tailor to buy back his machine ____39____ not to worry until the situation had improved.
My friend is now out of debt as the bakery is allowed to do some business through online sales. Though there are some restrictions, he is able to manage his _____40_____ (earn).
I feel his kindness gives us all a ray of hope and helps him to clear his debts.
（2021·全国·模拟预测）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’ve had my fair share of travelling around China, and a recent week-long trip to Guizhou was my first time to the province. I tried looking up the meaning and significance of the name Guizhou before the trip, ____41____ (basic)to have a reasonable idea of what was in store for me. But that was ____42____ hard task so I inquired from a Chinese colleague on the trip. From what she said, initially the province ____43____ (name)after a famous mountain called “Gui”, sort of noble in literal translation and “zhou”, which simply means province in Chinese. ____44____ (keep)that in mind I set out on a journey of discovery and ____45____ I found was mind-blowing, a photographer’s paradise. Generally ____46____ (describe)as a mountainous province in southwestern China, with Guiyang as ____47____ (it)capital, the province is truly one of nature’s best kept secrets. Compared to other leading ____48____ (province)in China, with regard ____49____ development, Guizhou has some catching-up to do. However, the province remains unique not only for its amazing landscape, ____50____ for the role it played in the political history of modern China and the role it is to play in the world.
（2021·吉林·东北师大附中模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around 1870, Argentina(阿根廷)was experiencing an economic boom, and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of immigrants poured to Buenos Aires, ____51____（seek）jobs. But these jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy ____52____（arrival）mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango（探戈舞） evolved.
Initially, the tango was a dance of the____53____（low）classes, which was danced in the bars and streets. Gradually, the dance____54____（spread）into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became seen as being more ____55____（respect）.
In Europe at this time, intense interest ____56____dance from around the world was beginning. Tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe on board the boats carrying beef from Argentina. They began to draw the interest of the public as they performed ____57____（they）passionate dance in restaurants and cafes. Not everyone approved of the new dance, though. In fact. it raised a few eyebrows among the more conservative members of society,____58____ found the tango a little too shocking. The dance did find enough supporters so that even the tango's many critics could not put ____59____end to its spreading popularity.
The popularity of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Now tango festivals_____60_____（hold）annually in different parts of the world.
（2021·上海中学一模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Alcohol is physically bad for you in any quantity; and the more you drink, the worse its health effects. The gigantic report on the subject ____61____(publish) last week is authoritative. It makes depressing reading-“sobering”(清醒) would be the wrong word here, not least ____62____few people are likely to change their behaviour as a result. But it is difficult to argue with the conclusions. The report was based on enormous amounts of data: 28 million people around the world were examined in 592 studies to estimate the health risks while the popularity of drinking was estimated using a further 694 studies. Some of the effects of large-scale drinking are really shocking. Around the world today, alcohol is responsible for 20% of the deaths in the 15 to 49 age group.
The variety of ways in which alcohol can kill or damage people comes as a shock. In the poorest countries, its primary means of damage is through TB(结核). ____63____ countries grow more developed, the damage shifts to cancer and heart disease. It is the trade-off between cancer and heart disease ____64____ leads the researchers to reject the notion that moderate drinking has health benefits they find that the increased risk of cancers outweighs the diminished risk of heart disease among middle aged moderate drinkers.
Perhaps ____65____(surprising) single finding is that two-thirds of the world’s population don’t drink at all. They manage without a drug apparently essential to civilised life in the west. The question is ____66____ those of us in the other third should try to imitate them. The researchers are unequivocal (明确的). They want concerted (协力一致的) government action ____67____ (deliver) lower alcohol consumption, using many of the same mechanisms that ____68____(implement) successfully against tobacco: price rises, restrictions on advertising, ____69____ (limit) the availability of the drug. The report is right that many people _____70_____ drink less than they do. Perhaps the real benefit of moderate drinking is not that it protects the heart but that it requires a little self-discipline.
（2021·上海杨浦·一模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Repair Café
When things around the house stop working, what do you usually do with them? If you’re ____71____ a lot of people, you probably just throw them away.
This tendency has led to the modern nickname: the throwaway culture. There are many reasons for this trend. In some areas ____72____ it’s difficult to find people who can make repairs, fixing things can be quite expensive. Also, some small appliances are so inexpensive that it’s often much ____73____ (easy) to just buy a new one.
In 2009, Martine Postma from the Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her solution was Repair Cafés: places where people can take damaged or ____74____ (tear) items. There they will find tools, resources and volunteer experts who are willing to help with repairs.
Postma’s first Repair Café opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge success. News of the café spread, and people began asking ____75____ they could start their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation. This nonprofit organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group.
Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair Cafés around the world with meetings typically ____76____ (occur) once a month. Around 25 objects per session are repaired. ____77____ is free, but donations are greatly appreciated.
Not only ____78____ the cafés provide help with repairs, they also strengthen community ties. Neighbors get to know one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable knowledge is passed along and preserved. Items are kept rather than thrown away, meaning less trash in landfills. ____79____ an average broken item weighs a kilo, it’s been estimated that 2,000 Repair Cafés prevent 35,000 kilos of trash every month. That _____80_____ (add) up to about 420,000 kilos per year!
（2021·上海松江·一模）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Three Myths About Skin
We put importance into caring for skin since it’s the first thing other people see. Skin might be one of the least correctly ____81____ (interpret) parts of our bodies. So today, I’d like to run through three myths we have about skin.
Myth No. 1: Healthy skin is skin that looks perfect. When we talk of healthy skin, we ____82____ think of a clear and smooth surface. But skin is a living organ, ____83____ heart or lungs and any other complex organ, serving many functions, not just about what’s going on at the surface.
Myth No. 2: You only need sunscreen on sunny days. UV rays from the sun are so strong that ____84____ damage our cells’ DNA．There are two types that affect the skin. UVA rays damage protein in skin, quickening the pace of aging. UVB rays, meanwhile, cook the outer layer of the skin, causing sunburn. ____85____ our cells can repair that damage to some extent, it accumulates over time, and can lead to skin cancer. When our skin ____86____ (expose) to UV rays, it gets darker, which is the way of showing it’s been damaged. So by wearing sunscreen, even when it’s cloudy, you are protecting yourself from sunburn, early aging and skin cancer.
Myth No. 3: You can shrink pores. Pores are the tiny openings in our skin. They’re ____87____ let sweat cool you and oil smooth skin. Pore size is largely determined by genes, ____88____ function is to carry information for particular characteristics, and rarely changes. In other words, pores don’t really shrink. So stop ____89____ (spend) your money on pore minimizers and just wash your face with the products basically made from stuff that won’t block pores.
Our skin is ____90____ amazing organ, so let’s treat it right and forget about those myths, OK?
（2021·江苏·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many cities have interesting nicknames (绰号, 别名). Nicknames can help establish the identity of a city. They can also spread___91___(proud) among its citizens.
New Orleans, Louisiana ___92___ (probable) has more nicknames than any other American city. One website lists more than twenty nicknames. The most famous is The Big Easy (大快活).
So how did the city get this nickname? In the early nineteen hundreds, there was a dance hall in New Orleans ___93___ (call) The Big Easy. But the nickname did not become famous ___94___ the early nineteen seventies. That was ___95___ a Louisiana newspaper writer began calling New Orleans by this name. She compared the easy- going way of life there to the ___96___ (hurry) pace of life in New York City.
New Orleans has other nicknames. One of them is The Crescent City (新月城). During the nineteenth century, new neighborhoods expanded out from what is now known as the French Quarter (区). These areas followed the great curve (弯曲处) of the Mississippi River,___97___ （give) New Orleans the shape of a crescent.
Another nickname is the Birthplace of Jazz because that kind of music ___98___ (start) in New Orleans. It is also named Mardi Gras City (狂欢之都) for the wild ___99___ (celebrate) and parades. And, there is also a nickname that uses the short way to write New Orleans and Louisiana. If you do not want to use the complete name, you can call ____100____ city NOLA．

参考答案：
1．latest
2．sunk
3．a
4．be seen
5．and
6．discoveries
7．It
8．on##upon
9．carrying
10．what
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了考古学家们用他们最新的设备--光探测和测距(LiDAR)，这种技术将激光从地面反射回来，然后生成精确的地表特征图片，给考古活动带来了新的发现。
1．
考查形容词的最高级。句意：多亏了考古学家们用他们最新的设备穿透森林——光探测和测距(LiDAR)，这个殖民时代失落的新英格兰地区开始出现了。设空处应为形容词修饰空后的名词device，根据空前的the，可知设空处为形容词最高级。故填latest。
2．
考查非谓语动词。句意：从被淹没在水下的村庄，到在磨坊生活的兴衰中迷失的城市，这些废弃的城镇提供了一个独特的视角来了解过去丰富的历史。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，故应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填sunk。
3．
考查冠词。句意同上。设空处后为可数名词look，表泛指，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
4．
考查被动语态。句意：如果没有尖端技术，这些考古特征是不可能被看到的，这种技术将激光从地面反射回来，然后生成精确的地表特征图片。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语these archaeological features之间是被动关系，空前为情态动词，故设空处应为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be seen。
5．
考查连词。句意同上。结合句意，设空处后的“generates”和空前的“bounces”并列，应用and。故填and。
6．
考查名词。句意：科学家们使用同样的技术，在观察玛雅城市、巨石阵平原和欧洲宫殿时，有了新的发现。设空处前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，设空处应为名词的形式，因空前无冠词修饰，应用复数的形式。故填discoveries。
7．
考查代词。句意：据考古学家记载，新英格兰地区曾经有过大规模的农业活动。设空处在句中作形式主语，真正的主语为“that there had once been extensive farming across New England. （新英格兰地区曾经有大规模的农业。）”，位于句首，首字母需大写。 故填It。
8．
考查介词。句意：人们开始向西迁移，放弃了他们曾经赖以生存的农场。固定搭配depend on/upon依靠。故填on/upon。
9．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，森林承载着过去人类活动的深厚文化遗产，成为我们在文明发展过程中失去的东西的安静的纪念碑。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语the woodland之间是逻辑的主动关系。故填carrying。
10．
考查宾语从句。句意同上。设空处引导宾语从句且在句中作指物的宾语。故填what。
11．as##when
12．how
13．consists
14．specially
15．demonstrations
16．first
17．weightless
18．watched
19．hosted
20．with
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国空间站首次开“网课”。神舟十三号飞行乘组航天员翟志刚、王亚平、叶光富生动介绍展示了空间站工作生活场景，演示了微重力环境下的一些神奇现象，数千万学生观看了电视直播活动。
11．
考查连词。句意：周四下午，中国宇航员在天宫空间站飞行时，向数百万距离地球400公里的学生进行了科学讲座。分析句子可知，空格前后是两个句子，故空格处为连词，根据句意，用as或者when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，故填as/when。
12．
考查宾语从句。句意：他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作，目前，空间站由一个核心舱、一艘航天器和两艘机器人货运飞船组成。分析句子可知，空格处引导宾语从句，作show的宾语，从句“they live and work inside the space station”主谓宾齐全，根据句意，用how“如何”引导宾语从句，作状语，故填how。
13．
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他们向观众展示了他们如何在空间站内生活和工作，目前，空间站由一个核心舱、一艘航天器和两艘机器人货运飞船组成。分析句子可知，which引导定语从句，从句中作主语，指代the space station，是第三人称单数，consist作从句的谓语动词，故与the space station保持人称和数的一致，用第三人称单数，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，故填consists。
14．
考查副词。句意：航天员们展示了他们的运动器材和特制的宇航服，并在微重力环境下进行了诸如“水球”等物理现象的演示。修饰非谓语动词designed用副词作状语，故填specially。
15．
考查名词。句意：航天员们展示了他们的运动器材和特制的宇航服，并在微重力环境下进行了诸如“水球”等物理现象的演示。分析句子可知，作动词宾语用名词形式，根据下文的“such as a “water ball””和句意，表示不止一种演示，用复数，故填demonstrations。
16．
考查数词。句意：叶，是第一次进行太空飞行，他展示了在失重环境下如何旋转身体。根据句意，空格前有形容词性物主代词，用序数词作定语，故填first。
17．
考查形容词。句意：叶，是第一次进行太空飞行，他展示了在失重环境下如何转动身体。修饰名词用形容词作定语，结合句意，故填weightless。
18．
考查动词时态。句意：全国数千万中小学生观看了由中国载人航天总局、教育部和其他政府部门主办的长达一小时的电视直播活动。分析句子可知，watch是谓语动词，根据第一段的“on Thursday afternoon”和上下文可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填watched。
19．
考查非谓语动词。句意：全国数千万中小学生观看了由中国载人航天总局、教育部和其他政府部门主办的长达一小时的电视直播活动。分析句子可知，host作定语，修饰event，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填hosted。
20．
考查介词。句意：共有1420名受邀学生在北京；广西壮族自治区首府南宁；四川省汶川；香港和澳门特别行政区出席了“地面课堂场地”，一些人在讲座期间与机组人员进行了视频聊天。chat with“与某人聊天”是常用搭配，根据句意，故填with。
21．narrower
22．as
23．inventors
24．Studying
25．the
26．driven
27．have won
28．in
29．performance
30．which
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器人水母在研究和观察脆弱的环境的作用和原因。
21．
考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家说能够穿过比它们的身体更窄的洞的柔软的水母可以用来观察珊瑚礁。根据than可知此处应填比较级，故填narrower。
22．
考查连词。句意：它们的创造者认为它们能够充当“海洋卫士”。短语act as意为“充当、担任”，故填as。
23．
考查名词单复数。句意：机器人发明者之一，来自美国佛罗里达大西洋大学的Erik Engeberg博士说：“研究和观察脆弱的环境对于研究者来说一直都是艰难的”。短语one of “……之一”后加名词的复数形式，表示“发明者”，故填inventors。
24．
考查动名词。句意：机器人发明者之一，来自美国佛罗里达大西洋大学的Erik Engeberg博士说：“研究和观察脆弱的环境对于研究者来说一直都是艰难的”。此处and连接两个并列的动名词作主语，故填Studying。
25．
考查冠词。句意：机器人水母的设计是基于海月水母的形状。此处特指海月水母的形状，故填the。
26．
考查分词作定语。句意：这个团队使用一种用两个来驱动的叶轮泵系统来使机器人游泳。分析句子结构可知，system 后面的部分为后置定语，system与drive之间存在被动关系，故填driven。
27．
考查时态。句意：Erik Engeberg博士说：“在过去的几年里，基于鱼和其他海洋动物的柔软的机器人已经赢得了科研界的欢迎”。根据时间状语in the last few days, 本句应使用现在完成时态，主谓一致，故填have won。
28．
考查固定短语。句意：水母是很好的选择，在于它们的游泳是高效的。此处表示原因，in that意为“因为、原因是”，符合语义逻辑，故填in。
29．
考查名词。句意：它们的表现是由于它们的身体形状，这可以产生漩涡和喷气推进。形容词性物主代词their后跟名词，表抽象意义，不可数，故填performance。
30．
考查定语从句。句意：它们的表现是由于它们的身体形状，这可以产生漩涡和喷气推进。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，替代前面的名词，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which来引导，故填which。
31．who##that
32．owns
33．financial
34．causing
35．previously
36．better
37．be paid
38．had sold
39．and
40．earnings
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的朋友由于封锁，他陷入了金融危机，且他之前把他的公寓租给了一个裁缝，但这个人也因为新冠肺炎的影响而难以维持生计，朋友发现裁缝为了还债已经卖掉了他的一台机器，于是建议裁缝买回他的机器，在情况好转之前不要担心。作者觉得他的善良给了大家一线希望，帮助朋友还清了债务。
31．
考查定语从句。句意：这包括被迫关门的小企业主。此处为定语从句修饰先行词owners，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
32．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我的一个朋友开了一家面包店。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为One of my friends，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填owns。
33．
考查形容词。句意：由于封锁，他陷入了金融危机。修饰后文名词crisis应用形容词financial，作定语。故填financial。
34．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他不得不关闭店铺几个月，导致他的债务增加。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语He had to shut his shop for months构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
35．
考查副词。句意：我的朋友之前把他的公寓租给了一个裁缝，但这个人也因为新冠肺炎的影响而难以维持生计。修饰动词rent应用副词previously，作状语。故填previously。
36．
考查比较级。句意：即使在限制解除后，他的生意也没有好转。结合句意表示“好转”短语为do better。故填better。
37．
考查非谓语动词。句意：不知怎么，裁缝设法安排好了几个月后再付我朋友的房租。pay与rent构成被动关系，故应用to be done形式。故填be paid。
38．
考查时态。句意：他发现裁缝为了还债已经卖掉了他的一台机器。此处sell发生在discover之前，即“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had sold。
39．
考查连词。句意：他建议裁缝买回他的机器，在情况好转之前不要担心。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
40．
考查名词。句意：虽然有一些限制，但他能够管理自己的收入。作宾语，表示“收入”应用名词earning，结合语境应用复数形式。故填earnings。
41．basically
42．a
43．was named
44．Keeping
45．what
46．described
47．its
48．provinces
49．to
50．but
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者去贵州的旅行经历及在旅行中对贵州的了解。
41．
考查副词。句意：旅行前，我试着查了一下贵州这个名字的含义和意义，基本上是为了合理地了解一下会有什么样的事情等待着自己。使用副词作状语修饰动词不定式“to have…”，basic的副词是basically。故填basically。
42．
考查冠词。句意：但那是一项艰巨的任务，所以我向旅途中的一位中国同事询问。task为可数名词，此处泛指一个任务，应用不定冠词，hard是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a。a hard task：一个艰难的任务。故填a。
43．
考查时态和语态。句意：据她说，最初该省的名字取自一座名山“贵”，直译表示有几分高贵的意思，“州”在中文中就是省的意思。根据句中的“initially”可知，讲述过去的事情，并且主语（单数意义）承受name的动作，因此谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态。be named after“以……来命名”。故填was named。
44．
考查现在分词。句意：牢记这一点，我开始了一段探索之旅，我发现的是一个令人兴奋的地方，一个摄影师的天堂。分析句子结构可知，keep应使用非谓语动词，它与句子主语I为逻辑主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语。故填Keeping。
45．
考查主语从句。句意：牢记这一点，我开始了一段探索之旅，我发现的是一个令人兴奋的地方，一个摄影师的天堂。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，从句中的谓语动词found缺少宾语，表示“某事物”，因此使用what引导主语从句。故填what。
46．
考查过去分词。句意：通常被描述为中国西南部的一个山区省份，以贵阳为首府，该省确实是大自然中保守得最好的秘密之一。分析句子结构可知， describe在句子中为非谓语动词，它与句子主语 the province 为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作状语。故填described。
47．
考查物主代词。句意：通常被描述为中国西南部的一个山区省份，以贵阳为首府，该省确实是大自然中保守得最好的秘密之一。修饰capital作定语应该使用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填its。
48．
考查名词的数。句意：与中国其他领先的省份相比，在发展方面，贵州还有一些要追赶的地方。province是可数名词，前有other修饰，因此province应该变复数。故填provinces。
49．
考查固定短语。句意：与中国其他领先的省份相比，在发展方面，贵州还有一些要追赶的地方。固定短语with regard to：关于，在……方面，就……而论。故填to。
50．
考查固定结构。句意：然而，该省的独特之处不仅在于其令人惊叹的景观，还在于它在近代中国政治史上所扮演的角色以及它在世界上所扮演的角色。not only…but （also）…：不但……而且……，该句中的 “not only…but （also）…” 连接了两个并列的短语“for its amazing landscape”和“for the role”。故填but。
51．seeking
52．arrivals
53．lower
54．spread##was spread
55．respectable
56．in
57．their
58．who
59．an
60．are held
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了一种叫做探戈的舞蹈就产生历史。
51．
考查非谓语动词。句意：农民和大量移民涌入布宜诺斯艾利斯寻找工作。句子的谓语poured，故空格处用动词的非谓语形式。主语Farmers与seek之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词，作状语。故填seeking。
52．
考查名词。 句意：当不快乐的人聚集在城市的贫困地区时，一种叫做探戈的舞蹈就演变了。空格前是形容词unhappy，故空格处填名词，此处指很多人的到来，用名词复数形式。故填arrivals。
53．
考查形容词的比较级。 句意：最初，探戈是一种下层社会的舞蹈，在酒吧和街道上跳舞。空格所在的的部分与下文的“the upper classes”形成对比，此处指下层阶级，upper对应“lower”。故填lower。
54．
考查时态。句意：渐渐地，这种舞蹈进入了阿根廷社会的上层阶级，并被视为一种更受人尊敬的舞蹈。根据上下文的时态可知此处用一般过去时，spread当不及物动词时没有被动语态，可填spread，当及物动词时有被动语态，根据主谓一致可知填was spread。故填spread/was spread。
55．
考查形容词。句意：渐渐地，这种舞蹈进入了阿根廷社会的上层阶级，并被视为一种更受人尊敬的舞蹈。根据空格前的more及语境可知此处填形容词作表语，此处指更“受人尊敬的”。故填respectable。
56．
考查介词。 句意：在当时的欧洲，世界各地对舞蹈的浓厚兴趣开始出现。interest in是固定搭配，意为：对…有兴趣。故填in。
57．
考查人称代词。 句意：他们在餐馆和咖啡馆里进行了热情的舞蹈表演，引起了人们的兴趣。在名词前用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
58．
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：事实上。它引起了社会中一些较为保守的成员的不满，他们觉得探戈有点太令人震惊了。分析可知空格所在的部分是一个非限制性定语从句，从句不完整，用关系代词，先行词是members，指人。故填who。
59．
考查冠词的固定短语。 句意：这种舞蹈确实得到了足够多的支持者，以至于即使是探戈的许多批评者也无法阻止它的流行。put an end to是一个固定短语，意为：结束；终止。故填an。
60．
考查时态语态。 句意：现在，探戈节每年都在世界各地举行。主语festivals与谓语hold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，根据下文的中的“annually”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are held。
61．published
62．because
63．As##While##When
64．that
65．the most surprising
66．whether##if
67．to deliver
68．have been implemented
69．limiting
70．should
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。酒精在任何数量的情况下都对身体有害，而且你喝得越多，对健康的影响就越大。文章主要介绍了酒精对人的危害以及研究人员对此提出的建议。
61．
考查非谓语动词。句意：上周发表的那篇关于这个问题的长篇报告很有权威性。分析句子结构可知publish在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语report构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填published。
62．
考查状语从句。句意：这篇文章读起来令人沮丧——“令人清醒”在这里不合适，尤其是因为很少有人可能因此改变自己的行为。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故填because。
63．
考查状语从句。句意：当国家变得更加发达时，损害就会转移到癌症和心脏病上。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用as、while或when，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As/While/When。
64．
考查强调句。句意：正是癌症和心脏病之间的权衡让研究人员拒绝了适度饮酒对健康有益的观点，他们发现在中年适度饮酒者中，患癌症风险的增加超过了心脏病风险的降低。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句句型“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”，被强调部分为the trade-off between cancer and heart disease，故填that。
65．
考查形容词。句意：也许最令人惊讶的发现是世界上三分之二的人根本不喝酒。修饰后文名词finding应用形容词surprising作定语，结合句意表示“最令人惊讶的”应用最高级，在前面加the most。故填the most surprising。
66．
考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们这另外三分之一的人是否应该模仿他们。引导表语从句，从句成分完整，表示“是否”应用whether或if，故填whether/if。
67．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们希望政府采取协调一致的行动来降低酒精消费，使用许多已经成功实施的对付烟草的机制：价格上涨、限制广告、限制药物的供应。deliver此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to deliver。
68．
考查时态语态。句意：他们希望政府采取协调一致的行动来降低酒精消费，使用许多已经成功实施的对付烟草的机制：价格上涨、限制广告、限制药物的供应。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态，定语从句谓语与先行词mechanisms保持一致，助动词用have。故填have been implemented。
69．
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们希望政府采取协调一致的行动来降低酒精消费，使用许多已经成功实施的对付烟草的机制：价格上涨、限制广告、限制药物的供应。作介词的宾语，limit应用动名词形式。故填limiting。
70．
考查情态动词。句意：报道说很多人应该少喝酒，这是正确的。后跟动词原形，表示“应该”应用情态动词should。故填should。
71．like
72．where
73．easier
74．torn
75．how##whether##if
76．occurring
77．Everything##All
78．do
79．If
80．adds ##will add
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自荷兰的马丁·波斯特玛(Martine Postma)成立的Repair Cafés以及它们为人们的生活带来的好处。
71．
考查介词。句意：如果你和很多人一样，你可能会把它们扔掉。表示“像……一样”应用介词like。故填like。
72．
考查定语从句。句意：在一些很难找到会修理的人的地区，修理东西是非常昂贵的。空处引导定语从句，先行词areas，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
73．
考查形容词比较级。句意：此外，一些小家电非常便宜，所以通常更容易买一个新的。空处需填形容词作表语，much修饰形容词比较级。故填easier。
74．
考查非谓语动词。句意：她的解决方案是Repair Cafés：人们可以把损坏或撕裂的物品带到这里。此处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词items，tear和items为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填torn。
75．
考查宾语从句。句意：café的消息传开了，人们开始问他们如何/是否可以开办自己的网站。空处引导宾语从句，引导词表示“如何/是否”，需用连接词how或者whether/if引导。故填how/whether/if。
76．
考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，世界各地大约有2000个Repair Cafés组织，通常每个月召开一次会议。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，meetings和occur为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填occurring。
77．
考查代词。句意：一切都是免费的，但非常感谢捐款。空处需填代词“一切”作主语，everything/all意为“一切”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Everything/All。
78．
考查倒装句。句意：cafés不仅提供维修帮助，还加强了社区联系。not only位于句首，使用部分倒装，结合“strengthen”可知，此处使用一般现在时，助动词使用do，此处将助动词前置。故填do。
79．
考查状语从句。句意：如果一个损坏的物品平均有一公斤重，据估计，2000修理Cafés每个月可以避免35,000公斤的垃圾。此处引导条件状语从句，需用if引导，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填If。
80．
考查动词时态。句意：每年加起来大约42万公斤！此处使用一般现在时或者一般将来时，主语为that，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填adds/will add。
81．interpreted
82．might ##may ##will
83．like
84．they
85．While ##Although ##Though
86．is exposed
87．what
88．whose
89．spending
90．an
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于皮肤的三个误区。
81．
考查非谓语动词。句意：皮肤可能是我们身体中解释得最不正确的部位之一。分析句子结构，此处修饰后面名词parts，用动词的过去分词修饰做前置定语，interpreted符合题意。故填interpreted。
82．
考查情态动词。句意：健康的皮肤是看起来完美的皮肤。当我们谈到健康的皮肤时，我们可能会想到一个干净光滑的表面。根据语境，此处表达“可能、也许或将”，用情态动词加动词原形。might / may / will符合题意。故填might / may / will。
83．
考查介词。句意：但是皮肤是一个活的器官，就像心脏、肺和任何其他复杂的器官一样，具有许多功能，而不仅仅是表面上的功能。根据后面接名词heart or lungs and any other complex organ，此处表示“像……”，用于列举，用介词like。故填like。
84．
考查代词。句意：来自太阳的紫外线非常强，它们会破坏我们细胞的DNA。有两种类型会影响皮肤。根据句意和结构，此处缺主语，指代前文提及UV rays，用代词they。故填they。
85．
考查让步性状语从句。句意：尽管我们的细胞可以在一定程度上修复这种损伤，但它会随着时间的推移而积累，并可能导致皮肤癌。分析句子结构，此处为从句，结合句意，可知此句为让步性状语从句，While / Although / Though“尽管…但是…”，符合题意。故填While / Although / Though。
86．
考查动词。句意：当我们的皮肤暴露在紫外线下时，它会变得更黑，这是表明它受到了损害的一种方式。be exposed to暴露，接触，固定搭配，主语为our skin，谓语动词用单数形式，时态为一般现在时。is exposed符合题意。故填is exposed。
87．
考查表语从句。句意：它们能让汗水让你凉快，润滑皮肤。分析句子结构，此句为表语从句，从句let sweat cool you and oil smooth skin缺主语，且指代事物，用连接代词what引导。故填what。
88．
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：孔隙大小主要由基因决定，基因的功能是携带特定特征的信息，很少发生变化。分析句子结构，此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是genes，从句缺少修饰function的定语，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
89．
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，不要再花钱买毛孔缩小剂了，只要用基本上不会堵塞毛孔的产品洗脸就行了。stop doing sth.停止做某事，spending花费，动名词作宾语，符合题意。故填spending。
90．
考查冠词。句意：我们的皮肤是一个神奇的器官，所以让我们正确对待它，忘掉那些神话，好吗？根据句意，此处表示“一个神奇的器官”，用不定冠词，且amazing的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
91．pride
92．probably
93．called
94．until
95．when
96．hurried
97．giving
98．started
99．celebrations
100．the
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新奥尔良的多个别名及其由来。
91．
考查词性转换。句意：他们也可以在公民中传播骄傲。此处是名词作动词spread的宾语，所以将形容词proud 转换成pride。故填pride。
92．
考查副词修饰动词。句意：新奥尔良,路易斯安那州可能比其他任何美国城市都有更多的别名。此处用副词修饰动词，所给词probable是形容词，其副词是probably。故填probably。
93．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在19世纪早期,新奥尔良有一个舞蹈大厅叫做“The Big Easy”。此处是there be句型，所以动词call是非谓语动词，且和a dance hall之间是被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填called。
94．
考查状语从句。句意：但这个绰号直到20世纪70年代才成名。固定搭配：not…until“直到……才”，其中until在这里是介词。故填until。
95．
考查表语从句。句意：那是当路易斯安那州的一名报纸作家开始用这个名字打电话给新奥尔良的时候。此处缺时间状语，be动词was后面是when引导的表语从句，且when在从句中作时间状语。故填when。
96．
考查动词转形容词。句意：她把那里轻松的生活方式比作纽约匆忙的生活节奏。句中名词pace由形容词修饰，所给词hurry的形容词是hurried，在这里作定语。故填hurried。
97．
考查现在分词作状语。句意：这些地区沿着密西西比河的大曲线,给新奥尔良带来了新月的形状。此处用动词的现在分词作为伴随状语。故填giving。
98．
考查动词时态。句意：另一个绰号是爵士乐的诞生地，因为这种音乐起源于新奥尔良。该句是复合句，含because引导的原因状语从句，从句在描述一个过去的事情，所以句子用一般过去时。故填started。
99．
考查名词复数。句意：它也因为狂野的庆祝和游行被命名为Mardi Gras城市。此处wild是形容词，修饰名词，且名词用复数形式与and后面的parades并列，所给词celebrate的名词是celebration，其复数是celebrations。故填celebrations。
100．
考查定冠词。句意：如果你不想使用完整的名字,你可以叫这个城市NOLA。此处表示特指，所以用定冠词the。故填the。