所属成套资源:2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空
专题45 语法填空综合强化22(各地名校最新模拟真题)-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空
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这是一份专题45 语法填空综合强化22(各地名校最新模拟真题)-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空,共19页。
2022高考英语语法填空综合强化22
(各地名校最新高考模拟真题)
(2022·安徽·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has ever announced that all member states of the United Nations are welcome to cooperate with China to jointly utilize(利用) ____1____ (it) future China Space Station(CSS).
“CSS belongs not only to China, but also to the world,” said Shi Zhong-jun, China's ambassador to the UN and other intonational ____2____ (organization) in Vienna." All countries, regardless ____3____ their size and level of____4____ (develop), can participate in the cooperation on an equal footing," he added.
CSS was launched in 2019, which is expected ____5____ (complete) and brought into operation by 2023. It will be the world's first space station ____6____ is developed by a developing country and open for cooperation with all UN member states.
____7____ (consist ) of one core module and two experiment modules, each of which ____8____ (weigh) about 20 tons, CSS will have the capacity to accommodate up to three astronauts at the same time and maximum six during rotation.
Operating in____9____ low-Earth orbit about 400 kilometers above the Earth's surface, CSS will be_____10_____ (wide) used in research fields, including space medicine, life science biotechnology, microgravity science, Earth science and space technology.
(2022·内蒙古·包头市第四中学一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you hear the word “shapeshifting” (变身), you may think of sci-fi movies, and not the climate. But that’s ____11____ animals are doing to deal with climate change. A new study shows that some animals are ____12____ (gradual) growing larger beaks, legs and ears. In this way they can lose heat more easily ____13____ (cool) themselves down as Earth gets warmer. “A lot of the time when we talk about climate change, we ask ‘Can humans overcome this?’ or ‘What technology can solve this?’ But we should know that animals also have to adapt ____14____ these changes,” said the study’s author Sara Ryding, from Deakin University, Australia. If animals fail to control ____15____ (they) body temperature, they can overheat and die. In one example, the beaks of some Australian parrot species ____16____ (grow) 4 to 10 percent larger since 1871. The study says it’s closely related to the ____17____ (rise) summer temperatures over the years. Similar examples include wood mice. They have longer tails, and bats in warm climates have bigger ____18____ (wing).
Although the changes are still small, Ryding said they could be ____19____ (obvious) as the days become hotter. “Body parts like ears are predicted to be bigger, ______20______ we might end up with a live-action Dumbo (big-eared elephant from a Disney cartoon) in the near future,” Ryding told BBC.
(2022·河北·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Plastic pollution at sea is reaching ____21____ (worry) levels. According to a review of hundreds of academic studies, it will continue to grow even if significant action is taken now ____22____ (stop) such waste from reaching the world’s oceans. The review by Germany’s Alfred Wegener Institute examined almost 2, 600 research ____23____ (paper) on the topic to provide an overview ahead of a United Nations meeting later this month.
As plastic breaks down into smaller pieces, it also enters the marine food chain,____24____ (take) in by sea creatures from whales to turtles. What’s worse, some regions already contain dangerous levels of plastic, and others risk becoming ____25____ (increasing) polluted in the future. Getting that plastic out of the water again is nearly impossible,____26____ policymakers should focus on preventing any more of it entering the oceans in ____27____ first place. Matthew MacLeod, a professor of environmental science at Stockholm University,____28____ (involve) in a separate study not long ago,____29____ also concluded effective measures are required immediately because of the possible global impacts.
While consumers can help reduce plastic pollution by changing their behavior, governments have to step up and accept ____30____ (responsible) for solving the problem. It’s a global problem and it needs global solutions.
(2022·河南洛阳·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The official motto of Beijing 2022 is “Together for a Shared Future” combining the themes of unity, progress, ____31____(cooperate), and internationalism. It____32____(mirror) a theme commonly advocated by China: the principle of “a community of a shared future for mankind”, which China has followed to try and address the challenges____33____(create) by globalization.
Deep-rooted in this motto is China’s development idea, which pictures the development between China and countries across the world by the financing and construction of infrastructure(基础设施), overcoming barriers,____34____(build) opportunities, and deepening trade links. Eventually, this principle thereby allows all____35____(nation) to expand their economic horizons.
The principle of “a shared future” also relates to China’s increasing trade with the outside world.____36____over 1.4 billion people, China has developed into the largest and fastest-growing consumer market. It’s also the world’s largest importer and exporter, playing____37____more and more important role in global trade.
Finally, the motto also represents a series of patterns of____38____countries should work together. In a world that is____39____(increasing) interconnected and interdependent, countries cannot separate____40____(they) and instead must work together in order to secure common interests and a common pathway.
(2022·辽宁·一模)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ____41____ (old) known coin factory in the world has been discovered in China. It produced the first metal spade(铁锹) coins more than 2,600 years ago. “The discovery helps to throw light ____42____ the origins of money,” said researchers. They____43____(make) the discovery during excavations(挖掘) in the town of Guanzhuang, Henan Province.
Spade coins are Chinese metal currency and ____44____(possible) the first in the world. “At first, the factory mainly produced weapons, tools and so on,” said____45____researcher. “About 150 years later, the minting(铸币) activities appeared.”
Researchers hope this new site can tell people ____46____ money developed. Previous research has suggested that at first coins ____47____ (issue) by business people, making it much easier to trade, transport,and count wealth.
____48____the factory was a later addition, it proved that subsequently dedicated coin mints were built somewhere in China from the very beginning. For the next 2,000 years, money would be the main output of the copper industry. “Making coins was one of the greatest financial ____49____ (activity) in human history,”said researchers,_____50_____(add) that it allowed wealth to be traded easily.
(2022·内蒙古赤峰·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These days, doctors are using a new approach to healing, which is called tapping. This approach combines ____51____ (wise) from Chinese medicine with talk therapy (治疗).
By simply tapping points along the body while ____52____ (confirm) your emotional state, you can release cellular energy. By feeling those emotions, you process and clear them through ____53____ power of love and forgiveness. Tapping provides a healthy way to process difficult emotions, even from experiences that ____54____ (happen) in the distant past. The practice draws from acupuncture (针灸), a healing method from ____55____ (tradition) Chinese medicine that dates from thousands of years ago.
Acupuncture opens energy highways in the body by sticking thin needles into the skin. Tapping takes a similar approach, but uses touch instead of needles ____56____ (promote) the flow of energy throughout the body. It may sound strange or impossible ____57____ first glance. But scientists believe that the method works because it excites the central nervous system, ____58____ causes the body to release helpful chemicals.
Everyone may have experienced some sorts of emotional discomfort in their lives. Although painful, it’s important to develop healthy ways to process their ____59____ (experience). Healing practices like tapping help release these emotions, ____60____ (active), so you can process and heal from difficult emotions.
(2022·新疆乌鲁木齐·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Four ancient Chinese irrigation (灌溉) sites have been honored as World Heritage Irrigation Structures, __61__has brought the total number of irrigation projects in China on the list to 23.
Tianbao Weir (堰), one of the newly __62__ (award) projects, is situated in Fujian Province. With a history of over 1, 200 years, the weir is the __63__ (old) existing water project specifically aimed at stopping saltwater and storing freshwater.
Longshou Canal and Ancient Luohe River Irrigation District in Shaanxi Province is said to be the first underground canal in China’s history. The canal is a major branch of the Yellow River, __64__ (provide) irrigation for local farms in the face of __65__ (dry) and water shortage.
The Weirs of Baishaxi Stream Project in east China’s Zhejiang Province is made __66__of 36 weirs, 21 of which still offer irrigation water. The project covers 45 kilometers of the Baishaxi Stream and has a total water level drop of 168 meters.
Sangyuanwei Polder Embankment (堤) System __67__ (locate) in south China’s Guangdong Province, which was first built __68__the 10th century. The embankment extends for 64.8 km and the system provides irrigation, drainage canals and water __69__ (pathway).
The ancient irrigation projects are treasures of the development of Chinese water culture __70__of great value for the development of Irrigation agriculture in China.
(2022·全国·哈师大附中一模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Even as a young boy, Leonardo da Vinci showed promise as an artist. He trained for seven years, and then ___71___(strike) out on his own. Afterwards, he set out ___72___(work) for wealthy men throughout Italy. Leonardo began his career as a painter, but he most often worked as an engineer. One of the reasons was that Italy was ___73___ war, and people needed engineers.
After Leonardo’s death, it ___74___(discover) that he had kept many notebooks illustrating his work. Although his notebooks were popular in the royal families, none of ___75___were published until the late 19th century. Until then, few people had had any idea ___76___ they contained.
As it has turned out, his notebooks are ___77___ amazing treasure box of drawings, such as airplanes, tanks, robots, and diving ___78___ (equip). Along with these drawings are notes ___79___ (describe) his work. Many of these notes are ____80____ (science) in nature, involving his research in many different fields. His notebooks show that he was the greatest artist and scientist of his time.
参考答案:
1.its
2.organizations
3.of
4.development
5.to be completed
6.that
7.Consisting
8.weighs
9.a
10.widely
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。中国曾宣布欢迎联合国所有成员国与中国合作,共同利用其未来的中国空间站。文章介绍了这个空间站的一些情况。
1.
考查代词。句意:中国曾宣布欢迎联合国所有成员国与中国合作,共同利用其未来的中国空间站(CSS)。修饰后文名词短语future China Space Station应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
2.
考查名词的数。句意:“CSS不仅属于中国,也属于世界,”中国驻联合国和其他国际语调组织大使史忠军在维也纳说。organization为可数名词,由other修饰应用复数形式。故填organizations。
3.
考查介词。句意:所有国家,无论大小和发展水平,都可以平等参与合作。结合句意表示“无论”可知短语为regardless of。故填of。
4.
考查名词。句意:所有国家,无论大小和发展水平,都可以平等参与合作。作介词的宾语,应用名词development,不可数。故填development。
5.
考查非谓语动词。句意:CSS于2019年启动,预计将于2023年完成并投入使用。结合句意表示“预计”可知短语为be expected to do sth.,且CSS与complete构成被动关系,应用to be done形式。故填to be completed。
6.
考查定语从句。句意:这将是世界上第一个由发展中国家开发的空间站,并向所有联合国成员国开放合作。此处为定语从句修饰先行词space station,先行词在从句中作主语,由序数词修饰,只能用that引导。故填that。
7.
考查非谓语动词。句意:CSS由一个核心模块和两个实验模块组成,每个模块重约20吨,可同时容纳3名宇航员,在旋转时最多可容纳6名宇航员。分析句子结构可知consist在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语CSS构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Consisting。
8.
考查主谓一致。句意:CSS由一个核心模块和两个实验模块组成,每个模块重约20吨,可同时容纳3名宇航员,在旋转时最多可容纳6名宇航员。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,此处主语由each of修饰,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填weighs。
9.
考查冠词。句意:CSS运行在距地球表面约400公里的近地轨道上,将广泛应用于空间医学、生命科学生物技术、微重力科学、地球科学和空间技术等研究领域。orbit为可数名词,此处表泛指且low-Earth是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
10.
考查副词。句意:CSS运行在距地球表面约400公里的近地轨道上,将广泛应用于空间医学、生命科学生物技术、微重力科学、地球科学和空间技术等研究领域。修饰动词use应用副词widely,表示“广泛地”,故填widely。
11.what
12.gradually
13.to cool
14.to
15.their
16.have grown
17.rising
18.wings
19.more obvious
20.so
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着气温上升,动物的身体部位也会随之有变化。
11.
考查连词。句意:但是,那是动物们在应对气候变化时做的事情。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查表语从句,从句中缺少动词doing的宾语,表示“什么”的意思。故填what。
12.
考查副词。句意:一项新的研究表明,一些动物正在逐渐地长出更大的喙,腿和耳朵。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查副词,修饰动词growing。故填gradually。
13.
考查非谓语。句意:用这样的方法,它们可以在地球变得更热的时候更容易地散热,来让它们自己凉爽下来。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查动词不定式做目的状语。故填to cool。
14.
考查动词短语。句意:但是我们应该知道,动物也不得不适应这些变化。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查动词短语adapt to,表示“适应”的意思。故填to。
15.
考查代词。句意:如果动物没有控制它们的体温,它们可能会身体过热而死亡。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查形容词性物主代词,修饰后面的名词body temperature,表示“它们的”的意思。故填their。
16.
考查谓语。句意:其中一个例子,一些澳大利亚的鹦鹉的喙从1871年开始已经长大了4%-10%。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里有时间状语since 1871,所以考查现在完成时的谓语动词形式,主语是beaks,所以助动词用have。故填have grown。
17.
考查形容词。句意:这项研究上说,这和这些年来夏天逐渐升高的气候有紧密的关系。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查形容词,修饰后面的名词短语summer temperatures,表示“逐渐升高的”的意思。故填rising。
18.
考查名词。句意:它们由更长的尾巴,在温暖气候中的蝙蝠有更大的翅膀。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查可数名词,用复数形式表示泛指。故填wings。
19.
考查形容词比较级。句意:虽然这些变化很小,但是,Ryding说,随着天气变得更热,它们会更明显。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查形容词的比较级,表示“更明显的”意思。故填more obvious。
20.
考查连词。句意:像耳朵这样的身体部位预计会更大,所以在不久的将来,我们可能会得到一个真人版的小飞象(迪斯尼动画片中大耳朵的大象)。此处前后文为因果关系,表示“所以”应用so。故填so。
21.worrying
22.to sop
23.papers
24.being taken##taken
25.increasingly
26.so
27.the
28.was involved
29.which
30.responsibility
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章就海洋塑料污染问题分析并提出一些解决方案。
21.
考查形容词。句意:海上的塑料污染已达到令人担忧的程度。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词levels。故填worrying。
22.
考查非谓语动词。句意:根据对数百项学术研究的回顾,即使现在采取重大行动阻止此类废物进入世界海洋,其排放量仍将继续增长。分析句子可知,此处用动词不定式表目的。故填to sop。
23.
考查名词单复数。句意:这项由德国阿尔弗雷德·韦格纳研究所(Alfred Wegener Institute)进行的审查审查了近2600篇关于这一主题的研究论文,以便在本月晚些时候的联合国会议之前提供一个概述。根据空前的数词可知,paper在句中作可数名词,意为“论文”,应该用其复数形式。故填 papers。
24.
考查非谓语动词。句意:随着塑料分解成更小的碎片,它也进入海洋食物链,被从鲸鱼到海龟的海洋生物吸收。根据句型分析可知,句中已有谓语动词enters,空处是非谓语动词,在句中作结果状语,且take与it之间是被动关系,故用being taken/taken。故填being taken/taken。
25.
考查副词。句意:更糟糕的是,一些地区的塑料含量已经达到了危险的水平,而另一些地区未来可能会受到越来越严重的污染。分析句子可知,此处用副词修饰动词polluted。故填increasingly。
26.
考查连词。句意:将塑料再次从水中取出几乎是不可能的,因此政策制定者首先应该专注于防止更多塑料进入海洋。根据语境和句意可知,此空前后两句有因果关系,应用连词so。故填so。
27.
考查冠词。句意见上题解析。in the first place意为“首先,首要的是”,为固定短语搭配。故填the。
28.
考查时态和语态。句意:斯德哥尔摩大学环境科学教授马修·麦克劳德(Matthew MacLeod)不久前参与了另一项研究,该研究还得出结论,由于可能的全球影响,需要立即采取有效措施。分析句子可知,主语与谓语动词之间构成动宾关系,且根据时间状语not long ago可知应用一般过去时。故填was involved。
29.
考查定语从句。句意见上题解析。根据句型分析可知,此处which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的“study”,且在从句中作主语。故填which。
30.
考查名词。句意:虽然消费者可以通过改变他们的行为来帮助减少塑料污染,但政府必须采取行动并承担解决问题的责任。根据句型分析可知,此空应填名词,且accept responsibility for意为“承担责任”,为固定短语搭配。故填responsibility。
31.cooperation
32.mirrors
33.created
34.building
35.nations
36.With
37.a
38.how
39.increasingly
40.themselves
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了北京2022年奥运会官方座右铭“共同创造共同的未来”对中国的以及世界其他国家的意义。
31.
考查名词。句意:北京2022年奥运会的官方座右铭是“共同创造共同的未来”,它将团结、进步、合作和国际主义的主题结合在一起。分析可知,空处应填所给词的名词形式和unity,progress和internationalism并列作介词of的宾语,cooperation“合作”,抽象概念,不可数。故填cooperation。
32.
考查时态。句意:它反映了中国普遍倡导的一个主题:“人类命运共同体”的原则,中国一直遵循这一原则,努力应对全球化带来的挑战。空处为主句谓语动词,陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时;主语it指代the official motto,是第三人称单数,故谓语动词应用单数形式。故填mirrors。
33.
考查非谓语动词。句意:它反映了中国普遍倡导的一个主题:“人类命运共同体”的原则,中国一直遵循这一原则,努力应对全球化带来的挑战。分析可知,定语从句中已有谓语动词has followed,故空处应用非谓语动词,create和逻辑主语challenge之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填created。
34.
考查动名词。句意:中国的发展理念深深植根于这一座右铭,它描绘了中国与世界各国通过基础设施融资和建设、克服壁垒、创造机会和深化贸易联系而实现的发展。分析可知,空处应填所给词的动名词形式作介词by的宾语。故填building。
35.
考查名词的数。句意:最终,这一原则允许所有国家扩大其经济视野。nation“国家”为可数名词,被all修饰,应用其复数形式。故填nations。
36.
考查介词。句意:拥有14亿多人口的中国已发展成为最大、增长最快的消费市场。结合句意和句子结构可知,此处应用介词with表示“有”。故填With。
37.
考查冠词。句意:中国也是世界上最大的进出口国,在全球贸易中发挥着越来越重要的作用。play a/an...role in“在……中起……作用”,是固定搭配,因more的发音是辅音音素开头,应用冠词a。故填a。
38.
考查宾语从句。句意:最后,这句格言还代表了各国应该如何合作的一系列模式。分析可知,空处引导宾语从句,从句主干成分完整,但需要方式状语,应用连接副词how引导,表示“如何”。故填how。
39.
考查副词。句意:在一个日益相互联系和相互依存的世界中,各国不能相互分离,而必须共同努力,以确保共同利益和共同道路。修饰形容词interconnected应用所给词的副词形式。故填increasingly。
40.
考查代词。句意:在一个日益相互联系和相互依存的世界中,各国不能相互分离,而必须共同努力,以确保共同利益和共同道路。结合句意,当宾语和主语所指相同时,宾语应用反身代词。故填themselves。
41.oldest
42.on
43.made
44.possibly
45.one##a
46.how
47.were issued
48.While##Although##Though
49.activities
50.adding
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。世界上已知最古老的铸币厂在中国被发现。 2600多年前,它制造了第一个金属铁锹硬币。 研究人员说这一发现有助于阐明金钱的起源。
41.
考查最高级。句意:世界上已知最古老的铸币厂在中国被发现。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最古老的”可知应用最高级oldest。故填oldest。
42.
考查介词。句意:研究人员说:“这一发现有助于阐明金钱的起源。”结合句意表示“阐明”可知短语为throw light on。故填on。
43.
考查时态。句意:这是他们在河南官庄挖掘时发现的。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填made。
44.
考查副词。句意:铁锹币是中国的金属货币,可能是世界上第一种。修饰动词应用副词possibly,作状语。故填possibly。
45.
考查代词或冠词。句意:一名研究人员表示:“起初,工厂主要生产武器、工具等。”researcher此处为泛指,且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,可用代词one或不定冠词a。故填one/a。
46.
考查宾语从句。句意:研究人员希望这个新网站可以告诉人们钱是如何发展的。引导宾语从句,从句中缺少方式状语,应用how。故填how。
47.
考查时态语态。句意:先前的研究表明,最初硬币是由商人发行的,这使得交易、运输和计算财富更加容易。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且动作发生在过去应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为coins,谓语用复数。故填were issued。
48.
考查状语从句。句意:虽然工厂是后来增加的,它证明了后来专用铸币厂从一开始就在中国的某个地方建造。引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”可用while、although或though,句首单词首字母要大写。故填While/Although/Though。
49.
考查名词的数。句意:“制造硬币是人类历史上最伟大的金融活动之一,”研究人员说,并补充说,它让财富可以很容易地交易。activity为可数名词,此处为one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式。故填activities。
50.
考查非谓语动词。句意:“制造硬币是人类历史上最伟大的金融活动之一,”研究人员说,并补充说,它让财富可以很容易地交易。分析句子结构可知add在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语researchers构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填adding。
51.wisdom
52.confirming
53.the
54.happened
55.traditional
56.to promote
57.at
58.which
59.experiences
60.actively
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最新流行的治疗人们不良情绪和情感的叩击疗法。
51.
考查名词。句意:这种方法结合了中医的智慧和谈话疗法。空格处用名词作宾语,wise的名词是wisdom,是不可数名词,意为“智慧”,故填wisdom。
52.
考查时态和省略。句意:在确认你的情绪状态的同时,简单地敲击身体上的穴位,你就可以释放细胞能量。根据语境可知,句子表示“在确认你的情绪状态的同时,简单地敲击身体上的穴位”,while引导的从句中用现在进行时,是while you are confirming,状语从句中主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,因此空格处是confirming。故填confirming。
53.
考查定冠词。句意:通过感受这些情绪,你可以通过爱和宽恕的力量来处理和清除它们。空格处用定冠词特指“爱和宽恕的力量”,故填the。
54.
考查时态。句意:叩击提供了一种健康的方式来处理困难的情绪,即使是来自遥远过去的经历。由“in the distant past”可知,句子时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式,故填happened。
55.
考查形容词。句意:针灸是一种可以追溯到几千年前的传统中医的治疗方法。空格处用形容词作定语,修饰名词“Chinese medicine”,tradition的形容词是traditional,意为“传统的”,故填traditional。
56.
考查不定式。句意:叩击也采用了类似的方法,但用的是触摸而不是针,以促进能量在全身流动。根据语境和句意可知,空格处用不定式表目的,故填to promote。
57.
考查固定短语和介词。句意:乍一看,这可能听起来很奇怪或不可能。at first glance是固定短语,意为“乍一看”,因此空格处是介词at,故填at。
58.
考查定语从句。句意:但科学家认为,这种方法之所以有效,是因为它能刺激中枢神经系统,从而使身体释放有益的化学物质。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,主语是前面描述的整个句子,因此空格处用关系代词which引导定语从句,故填which。
59.
考查名词的复数。句意:虽然很痛苦,但重要的是要用健康的方式来处理他们的经历。根据语境和句意可知,experience意为“经历”,是可数名词,由their可知,空格处用复数,故填experiences。
60.
考查副词。句意:像叩击这样的治疗方法有助于积极地释放这些情绪,这样你就可以处理和治愈困难的情绪。空格处用副词修饰动词release,active的副词是actively,意为“积极地”,故填actively。
61.which
62.awarded
63.oldest
64.providing
65.drought##droughts
66.up
67.is located
68.in
69.pathways
70.and
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2021年入选世界灌溉工程遗产的四个中国的灌溉工程,包括天宝陂、龙首渠引洛古灌区、白沙溪三十六堰和桑园围。
61.
考查定语从句。句意:四个中国古代的灌溉工程入选了世界灌溉工程遗产,这使得中国已入选的灌溉项目总数达到了23个。分析句子可知,空白前句主干成分完整,后句缺少主语,逗号隔开,考虑非限制性定语从句,应该是前句描述的事实作为后句的主语,即从句缺乏主语,此时要用关系代词which。故填which。
62.
考查非谓语动词。句意:天宝陂,新入选的工程之一,位于福建省。分析句子可知,空白处由副词newly修饰,且作定语修饰其后名词projects,需要形容词,award与projects之间是动宾关系,应使用过去分词形式。故填awarded。
63.
考查形容词最高级。句意:天宝陂有着1200多年的历史,是现存最古老的蓄淡拒咸水利工程。空白处作定语修饰existing water projects,且其前有定冠词the,结合语境应使用形容词最高级oldest表示“最古老的”。故填oldest。
64.
考查非谓语动词。句意:龙首渠是黄河的一道主要支流,为当地农户提供灌溉以应对干旱和水资源短缺。分析句子可知,主句中成分完整,provide应作状语,与主句主语The canal之间属于主谓关系,应使用现在分词形式。故填providing。
65.
考查名词。句意:龙首渠是黄河的一道主要支流,为当地农户提供灌溉以应对干旱和水资源短缺。空白处与water shortage并列作of的宾语,也需要一个名词,结合句意应使用drought或droughts表示“干旱”。故填drought/droughts。
66.
考查介词。句意:位于浙江省的白沙溪三十六堰是由三十六座堰组成的,其中21座仍在引水灌溉。结合句意可知,这里介绍白沙溪堰的组成,应使用介词of构成短语be made up of,意为“由……组成、构成”。故填up。
67.
考查语态。句意:桑园围堤围系统位于中国南部的广东省,始建于10世纪。分析句子可知,这里要描述桑园围的地理位置,应使用被动语态短语be located in,意为“位于……”,符合一般现在时,第三人称单数主语后be动词要用is。故填is located。
68.
考查介词。句意:桑园围堤围系统位于中国南部的广东省,始建于10世纪。这里作时间状语,搭配century应用介词in,表示“在某个世纪”。故填in。
69.
考查名词复数。句意:桑园围长达64.8公里,提供灌溉、排水渠和水道。这里与前面的drainage canals并列,表示复数概念,pathway也要用复数形式。故填pathways。
70.
考查连词。句意:古代灌溉工程是中国水文化发展史上的瑰宝,对于中国灌溉农业的发展也有着重要的意义。分析句子可知,在主干句子主系表的结构下,空白后是另一个表语部分,与treasures of the development of Chinese water culture并列,要用连词and。故填and。
71.struck
72.to work
73.at
74.was discovered
75.them
76.what
77.an
78.equipment
79.describing
80.scientific
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了达芬奇的笔记本及其重要意义。
71.
考查时态。句意:经过七年的努力练习,他开始独自闯天地。根据He trained for seven years可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填struck。
72.
考查非谓语动词。句意:之后,他开始为意大利各地的富人工作。固定搭配set out to do sth.“开始做某事”。故填to work。
73.
考查介词。句意:其中一个原因是意大利处于战争状态,人们需要工程师。固定搭配at war“处于战争状态”。故填at。
74.
考查时态语态。句意:达芬奇死后,人们发现他保存了许多记录他工作的笔记本。此处it是形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语,与discover之间是被动关系,且事情发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was discovered。
75.
考查代词。句意:虽然他的笔记本在王室中很受欢迎,但直到19世纪末才出版。此处指代前面的复数名词notebooks,作介词of的宾语,应用代词them。故填them。
76.
考查同位语从句。句意:在此之前,很少有人知道笔记本里的内容。此处为同位语从句,解释idea的具体内容,从句中的contained缺少宾语,指“……的东西”,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。
77.
考查冠词。句意:事实证明,他的笔记本是一个神奇的宝箱,里面有飞机、坦克、机器人和潜水设备等绘图。box是可数名词,此处需用不定冠词,表泛指,amazing的发音以元音音素开头,应用冠词an。故填an。
78.
考查名词。句意同上,此处用名词与前面的名词并列,作such as的宾语,且为不可数。故填equipment。
79.
考查非谓语动词。句意:除了这些绘图,还有描述他工作的笔记。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语,notes与describe之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动,故填describing。
80.
考查形容词。句意:这些笔记中有许多是科学性质的,涉及到他在许多不同领域的研究。此处缺少形容词作表语。故填scientific。
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