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专题51 语法填空综合强化28(各地名校最新模拟真题)-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空
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这是一份专题51 语法填空综合强化28(各地名校最新模拟真题)-2022年高三英语一轮复习之语法填空,共20页。
2022高考英语语法填空综合强化28
(各地名校最新高考模拟真题)
(2022·江苏·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is known as a state of etiquette (礼仪) and ceremonies. Take the example of an interesting story. Once upon a time, a man went on a long tour ____1____ (visit) his friend with a swan as a gift. But it escaped from the cage on the way and in his effort to catch it, he caught nothing but a feather. When his friend received this unexpected gift—the swan feather, he was ____2____ (deep) moved by the sincerity (真诚). Later, the saying “the gift is nothing much, but it is the thought ____3____ counts,” was spread far and wide.
Gifts are regarded as an important part to show politeness in China. ____4____ is appropriate to give gifts on ____5____ (occasion) such as festivals and birthdays. If you are invited ____6____ a family party, small gifts like wine, tea or candies are welcomed. Also fruit, cookies, and flowers are a safe ____7____ (choose).
Chinese used to cup one hand in the other before the chest as a salute (致敬). This tradition, nowadays seldom ____8____ (follow) except in the Spring Festival, has a history of more than 2000 years. Shaking hands, which should be firm and brief but not too strong, ____9____ (consider) formal greeting behavior in China.
If you follow the usual rules of etiquette in China, there is no need to worry about the cultural barriers, for the warm and friendly Chinese will try their best to respect your customs when _____10_____ (communicate).
(2022·四川成都·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A herd of wild elephants that hiked northward for months last year was recently spotted ____11____(enter) Wild Elephant Valley in Yunnan province.
“The adults and babies in the herd are all in good health,” said Chen Fei, ____12____(direct) of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration's Asian Elephant Research Center.
The herd still has 14 members, but Chen said that could include some new members as it ____13____(possible) came into contact with other groups along the route.
“We have not introduced electronic identity chips for elephant monitoring,” Chen said. “Observers usually recognize different groups ____14____ (base) on their years of experience and some special features on the elephants’ bodies.”
Yunnan is the only place in China where wild Asian elephants ____15____(find). They live in the south of the province — in Xishuangbanna and the cities of Pu’er and Lincang.
The Asian elephant, ____16____is included on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species as “endangered”, enjoys Class-A protection in China, the same level afforded to the ____17____(adore) giant panda.
Yunnan has established 11 nature reserves with a total area of 414,600 hectares, nearly double ____18____ amount in the 1980s. The province has also piloted the use of elephant canteens ____19____(solve) the problem of human-elephant conflict.
Thanks to the determined protection efforts in recent decades, the Asian elephant population in China has risen _____20_____ 170 in the 1970s to 300.
(2022·四川德阳·二模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Olympic torch relay began its second day on Thursday (Feb 3) at top the Great Wall, with Kong actor Jackie Chan and Chinese Olympic medalists among those taking turns ____21____(carry) the red-and-silver spiral torch along the Badaling section of the Great Wall, ____22____the Thursday morning temperature was -11℃.
The relay for the torch that____23____(open) the Feb 4-20 Winter Games is much more modest than the globe -spanning relay for Beijing’s 2008 Summer Games.
Badaling, the section of the wall most often visited by tourist, is 70km north-west of ____24____(center) Beijing in the Yanqing district, near the Olympics sliding and Alpine skiing venues. It ____25____(build) around AD1500 during the Ming dynasty.
____26____(late) on Thursday, the torch will be taken to Zhangjiakou in neighboring Hebei province, where most of Olympic snow events will take place. The relay will end with the lighting of the Olympic cauldron ____27____Friday’s opening ceremony.
Due to Covid-19,the Games are taking place inside a “closed loop” that keeps____28____(complete) and other Olympic personnel away from ____29____public, and will be attended only by small,_____30_____(select) audience.
(2022·辽宁·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The story of coffee often begins with a shepherd ___31___ (name) Kaldi in 9th century Ethiopia. While out in the fields, Kaldi saw his goats eating the berries from a small bush, then running and leaping about. Out of ___32___ (curious), he tried the berries and felt the invigorating effects for ___33___ (he). He took some of the fruits with him and shared them with the ___34___ (member) of a monastery nearby. And by the 1400s, coffee was being traded throughout the Arabian Peninsula.
Coffee reached Europe in the late 16th century through trade. Coffee was introduced into Italy first. Coffee really became popular in Europe in the 17th century, and the coffee houses opened across Europe. ___35___ first coffeehouse in England opened in Oxford in 1651 and by the late 17th century there were many coffeehouses in English towns ___36___ merchants and professional men met to drink cups of coffee, read newspapers and chat.
In the Americas, coffee was introduced during colonization, first as an imported good, then as a cultivated crop throughout Central America. The cultivation of coffee in Americas, like other cash crops, resulted ___37___ the displacement of native peoples and___38___ (develop) of large – scale plantations using native people as a labor source. In the 19th century, Brazil became the world’s ___39___ (large) coffee producer, a title it ___40___ (maintain) ever since. Coffee remains a major good produced in Central and South America to this day.
(2022·内蒙古·呼和浩特市教育教学研究中心一模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Beijing, together with Zhangjiakou, succeeded in getting the chance to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, ____41____speeds up the development of Zhangjiakou City. Word came that the Beijing- Zhangjiakou high-speed railway,____42____(locate) in North China, is now____43____construction, and is expected to be completed by 2020 in preparation for the cities to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
Starting from Beijing North Railway Station and heading west through the Great Wall, the project is____44____(probable) the biggest challenge ever. Its designers say that the explosions needed to dig the tunnels will not have a negative effect on the structure. The railway line has a____45____(long) of 174 km as a double-track passage line, with ten stations along its route. Enjoying____46____total investment of 31.17 billion yuan, the train will travel as fast as 300 km/h,____47____the trip between the two cities will only take 40 minutes.
According to the plan, the high-speed railway will have two branch____48____(line)—one is to Yanqing Station, the other is to Taizicheng of Chongli, where the Olympic village lies. The full railway,____49____(include) a 70-kilometer section through Beijing,_____50_____(complete) in four and a half years.
(2022·广东佛山·二模)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the Winter Olympics met Chinese New Year, Beijing made everyone’s stay in China____51____ (enjoy) with a wonderful experience of Chinese culture. As the world’s first “dual Olympic city”, it ____52____ (pay) attention to the details in every aspect to support the safe and smooth ____53____ (operate) of the Games while overcoming the difficulties brought by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Beijing was applauded and praised by athletes____54____ its excellent venue (场地) services during the Games. One of the greatest is the Big Air Shougang Olympic venue____55____ witnessed the epic victory of 18-year-old Chinese freestyle skier Gu Ailing, also____56____ (know) as Eileen Gu. Eileen spoke____57____ (high) of this competition venue, ____58____ all other athletes said the Shougang Big Air was the best of its kind that they had set foot on.
The design concept of this platform ____59____ (develop) from the traditional painting in Dunhuang, Gansu Province. The Shougang Big Air is the only snow event venue in downtown Beijing, making it the coolest thing for Big Air athletes ____60____ (jump) against the backdrop of coolant towers. Besides, the venue will be a permanent big air facility, the first of its kind in the world.
(2022·吉林·长春市教育局教育教学研究室三模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese museums have made a leap in their development over the past few years. Statistics released by the National Cultural Heritage Administration on May 18 ____61____ (show) that there was ____62____ rise of about 23 percent compared with 2015. As a result, China has the fourth ____63____ (large) number of museums in the world next ____64____ the United States, Germany and Japan.
____65____ Chinese museums are developing rapidly, yet further reform ____66____ (require) today in order to give them a more outstanding role in the nation’s overall development. After three years of preparatory work, nine ministry-level ____67____ (organize ) jointly released the document, which offers guidelines on promoting reform ____68____ development of the field.
“However, ____69____ (face) the problem of unbalanced development, we should make more effort ____70____ (improve) our museum system.” said Guan Qiang, deputy director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration.
(2022·安徽黄山·二模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alpine skiing is a snow sport that perfectly combines speed and skills. As one of the most ____71____(complicate) winter sports in the world, which ____72____ (require) great organizing efforts, it is known as “the pearl on the crown of the Winter Olympics Games.” In order to adapt to steeper slopes (更陡的坡) and varied grounds, alpine skiers use modern alpine skis and improved turning ____73____(technique).
In competitions, skiers are required to ski downhill along a set route, pass through gates and make turns along the way. ____74____ finishes within the shortest time wins. In alpine skiing, there are speed events and technical events. Downhill and super-G are speed events. For downhill, skiers go ____75____ very high speeds, and the course is the ____76____ (long) and has the largest vertical (垂直的) drop. Super-G courses have more gates and ____77____ smaller vertical drop.
As the competitions take place in cold high mountains, alpine skiing is a sport which is likely____78____ (affect) by weather conditions. When ____79____ (encounter) extreme weather conditions such as heavy snow, fog, strong wind, or sudden warming, the competition may be _____80_____(temporary) suspended (中止), rescheduled, or even canceled altogether.
参考答案:
1.to visit
2.deeply
3.that
4.It
5.occasions
6.to
7.choice
8.followed
9.is considered
10.communicating
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国的礼仪文化。
1.
考查动词不定式。句意:从前,一个男人带着一只天鹅去拜访他的朋友。用动词不定式做目的状语。故填to visit。
2.
考查副词。句意:当他的朋友收到这件意想不到的礼物——天鹅羽毛时,他的真诚深深地打动了他的朋友。用副词deeply作状语,修饰动词moved。故填deeply。
3.
考查强调句型。句意:后来,“礼轻情意重”这句话被广泛传播。本句是“It be +被强调部分+ that/who +其它”强调句型结构,此处被强调部分是主语the thought,指物,用that。故填that。
4.
考查形式主语。句意:在节日和生日等场合送礼物是合适的。It is + adj. (for sb.) + to do sth.,形式主语It替代真正主语(动词不定式短语),首字母大写。故填It。
5.
考查名词复数。句意:在节日和生日等场合送礼物是合适的。结合such as festivals and birthdays可知,不止一个场合,用名词occasion的复数形式。故填occasions。
6.
考查固定搭配。句意:如果你被邀请参加家庭聚会,送些小礼物是受欢迎的,比如葡萄酒、茶或糖果。固定搭配be invited to…(被邀请……)。故填to。
7.
考查名词的数。句意:水果、饼干和鲜花也是安全的选择。结合不定冠词a可知,用单数名词choice做表语。故填choice。
8.
考查过去分词。句意:这一传统已经有2000多年的历史了,现在除了春节之外很少有人遵循。本句已有谓语has且无连词,动词follow用非谓语形式,逻辑主语This tradition与动词follow是动宾关系,用过去分词表被动。故填followed。
9.
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:握手在中国被认为是正式的问候行为,握手应该坚定、简短,但不要太强烈。此处缺乏谓语,讲述客观事实,主语Shaking hands和谓语动词consider是被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态,动名词Shaking hands作主语,谓语单数形式。故填is considered。
10.
考查现在分词。句意:如果你遵循中国通常的礼仪规则,就没有必要担心文化障碍,因为热情友好的中国人在交流时会尽最大努力尊重你的习俗。“当某人做某事时”用when引导时间状语从句,从句中用进行时,通篇时态是一般现在时,因此空格处是现在进行时are communicating,当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致,且从句中有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。故填communicating。
11.entering
12.director
13.possibly
14.based
15.are found
16.which
17.adorable
18.the
19.to solve
20.from
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。一群野生大象去年向北徒步数月,最近有人发现它们进入了云南省的野象谷。云南是中国唯一发现野生亚洲象的地方。它们生活在该省的南部——西双版纳和普洱、临沧等城市。
11.
考查非谓语动词。句意:一群野生大象去年向北徒步数月,最近有人发现它们进入了云南省的野象谷。表示“被发现做某事”短语为be spotted doing sth.。故填entering。
12.
考查名词。句意:国家林业和草原局亚洲象研究中心主任陈飞说:“象群中的成年和幼象健康状况都很好。”此处作同位语,表示“主任”应用名词director,此处指Chen Fei应用单数。故填director。
13.
考查副词。句意:象群仍有14名成员,但陈说可能会有一些新成员,因为它可能与沿途的其他象群接触过。修饰后文动词短语come into应用副词possibly,作状语。故填possibly。
14.
考查非谓语动词。句意:“观察人员通常根据大象多年的经验和身体上的一些特殊特征来识别不同的群体。”表示“根据”短语为be based on,此处省略be动词,用过去分词作状语。故填based。
15.
考查时态和语态。句意:云南是中国唯一发现野生亚洲象的地方。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据上文Yunnan is the only place可知陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为wild Asian elephants,谓语用复数。故填are found。
16.
考查定语从句。句意:亚洲象被列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录“濒危”,在中国享有与可爱的大熊猫相同的一级保护。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The Asian elephant,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,用which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
17.
考查形容词。句意:亚洲象被列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种红色名录“濒危”,在中国享有与可爱的大熊猫相同的一级保护。修饰名词短语giant panda应用形容词adorable,作定语。故填adorable。
18.
考查冠词。句意:云南已建成自然保护区11处,总面积41.46万公顷,比上世纪80年代增加近一倍。此处指数量应用the amount。故填the。
19.
考查非谓语动词。句意:该省还试点使用大象食堂,以解决人象冲突问题。分析句子结构可知solve在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语应用不定式。故填to solve。
20.
考查介词。句意:由于近几十年来的坚决保护,中国的亚洲象数量已从上世纪70年代的170头增加到300头。结合句意表示“从……到……”应用from…to…。故填from。
21.carrying
22.where
23.will open
24.central
25.was built
26.Later
27.at
28.competitors
29.the
30.selected
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了北京冬奥会火炬接力的情况,此次冬季奥运会开幕式火炬传递活动,要比北京2008年夏季奥运会的全球接力活动低调得多。
21.
考查非谓语动词。句意:周四(2月3日),奥运火炬在长城上开始了第二天的传递,香港演员成龙和中国的奥运奖牌获得者轮流沿着长城的八达岭段传递红银相间的螺旋形火炬,周四上午的气温为-11℃。take turns to do sth.“轮流做某事(即将发生的事情)”,take turns doing sth.“轮流做某事(表示事情已经发生,并将持续下去)”;结合语境,此处指轮流做的事情已经发生,并将持续下去,应用take turns doing sth.。故填carrying。
22.
考查定语从句。句意:周四(2月3日),奥运火炬在长城上开始了第二天的传递,香港演员成龙和中国的奥运奖牌获得者轮流沿着长城的八达岭段传递红银相间的螺旋形火炬,周四上午的气温为-11℃。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the Badaling section of the Great Wall,先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导。故填where。
23.
考查时态。句意:将于2月4日至20日举行的冬季奥运会开幕式火炬传递活动,要比北京2008年夏季奥运会的全球接力活动低调得多。空处为定语从句的谓语动词,此处表示将来的动作,应用一般将来时。故填will open。
24.
考查形容词。句意:八达岭长城是游客最常去的长城段,位于北京西北部70公里处的延庆区,靠近奥运会滑雪和高山滑雪场馆。修饰名词Beijing应用形容词central,作定语。故填central。
25.
考查时态语态。句意:它建于明朝的公元1500年左右。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据后文around AD1500 during the Ming dynasty可知用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为It,谓语用单数。故填was built。
26.
考查副词。句意:星期四晚些时候,火炬将被送到邻近的河北省张家口,那里是奥运会大部分雪上项目的举办地。表示“星期四晚些时候”应用later on Thursday。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Later。
27.
考查介词。句意:火炬接力将在周五的开幕式上点燃奥运主火炬后结束。结合句意表示“在周五的开幕式上”应用介词at。故填at。
28.
考查名词。句意:由于新冠肺炎疫情,奥运会是在一个“闭环”中举行的,将选手和其他奥运工作人员与公众隔开,只会有少数经过挑选的观众参加。作宾语,表示“选手”应用名词competitor,前文没有冠词,应用复数形式。故填competitors。
29.
考查冠词。句意:由于新冠肺炎疫情,奥运会是在一个“闭环”中举行的,将选手和其他奥运工作人员与公众隔开,只会有少数经过挑选的观众参加。结合句意表示“公众”可知短语为the public。故填the。
30.
考查形容词。句意:由于新冠肺炎疫情,奥运会是在一个“闭环”中举行的,将选手和其他奥运工作人员与公众隔开,只会有少数经过挑选的观众参加。修饰名词audience应用形容词selected,作定语。故填selected。
31.named
32.curiosity
33.himself
34.members
35.The
36.where
37.in
38.development
39.largest
40.has maintained
【解析】
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述咖啡的发展过程。
31.
考查非谓语。句意:咖啡的故事起源于9世纪埃塞俄比亚的一个叫Kaldi的牧羊人。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查过去分词做后置定语,修饰前面的名词shepherd,是被动的关系,所以用过去分词表示被动的意思。故填named。
32.
考查名词。句意:出于好奇,他尝试了浆果,并且感受到了提神的效果。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查名词,表示“好奇心”的意思,out of curiosity是固定短语“出于好奇”的意思。故填curiosity。
33.
考查代词。句意:见第2题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查反身代词,做介词for的宾语,表示“他自己”的意思。故填himself。
34.
考查名词。句意:他带了一些果实,与附近一个修道院的成员分享。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查可数名词作宾语,表示泛指,所以用复数形式。故填members。
35.
考查冠词。句意:英国第一家咖啡馆于1651年在牛津开业,到17世纪晚期,英国城镇里有许多咖啡馆,商人和职业人士聚在那里喝咖啡,看报纸,聊天。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查定冠词修饰序数词first,表示“第一”的意思。故填The。
36.
考查定语从句。句意:见第5题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词coffeehouses,在从句中做地点状语。故填where。
37.
考查动词短语。句意:美洲的咖啡种植,和其他经济作物一样,导致了当地人的迁移和大规模种植园的发展,这些种植园把当地人作为劳动力来源。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查动词短语result in,表示“导致”的意思。故填in。
38.
考查名词。句意:见第7题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查名词,和前面的名词短语the displacement of native peoples一起并列做介词in的宾语,表示“发展”的意思,是不可数名词,所以用单数形式。故填development。
39.
考查形容词最高级。句意:在19世纪,巴西成为世界上最大的咖啡生产国,从那时起,这个称号就一直保持着。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查形容词最高级,表示“最大的”意思,修饰后面的名词短语coffee producer。故填largest。
40.
考查谓语。句意:见第9题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查谓语动词,it (maintain) ever since是Brazil became the world’s ___9___ (large) coffee producer, a title的定语从句,先行词是a title,在从句中做宾语。句子中有时间状语ever since,所以句子谓语用现在完成时,主语是it,所以谓语用第三人称单数形式,助动词用has。故填has maintained。
41.which
42.located
43.under
44.probably
45.length
46.a
47.so##and
48.lines
49.including
50.will be completed
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍为了成功举办北京冬季奥运会,国家在道路交通建设方面做出的努力。
41.
考查定语从句。句意:北京和张家口成功申办2022年冬奥会,这加快了张家口的发展。分析句子结构可知,此处考查非限制性定语从句,先形词是主句所表述的事情,从句缺少主语,故填which。
42.
考查非谓语动词。句意:有消息称,位于中国北方的京张高铁正在建设中,预计将于2020年完工,为2022年冬奥会的主办城市做准备。分析句子结构可知,此处要填非谓语动词,在句中作后置定语,根据括号内所给词locate及空格后介词in,可知此处涉及动词短语be located in坐落于,此处省略be,用过去分词作后置定语,故填located。
43.
考查介词。句意:有消息称,位于中国北方的京张家口高铁正在建设中,预计将于2020年完工,为2022年冬奥会的主办城市做准备。根据句意及空格后名词construction,可知此处涉及介词短语under construction(在建造中)。故填under。
44.
考查副词。句意:从北京北站出发,向西穿过长城,该项目可能是有史以来最大的挑战。根据空格前be动词is和空格后形容词最高级the biggest,可知此处要填副词作状语,故填probably。
45.
考查名词。句意:这条铁路全长174公里,是一条双线通道,沿途有10个车站。根据空格前冠词a及空格后介词of,可知此处要填名词,在句中作宾语。故填length。
46.
考查冠词。句意:京张高铁总投资311.7亿元,最高运行速度为300公里/小时,往返两座城市仅需40分钟。根据空格后以辅音音素开头的形容词total和可数名词单数investment,可知此处要填不定冠词a泛指“一笔总价……的投资”。故填a。
47.
考查连词。句意:京张高铁总投资311.7亿元,最高运行速度为300公里/小时,往返两座城市仅需40分钟。分析句子结构可知,此处前后都是句子,所以此处要填连词;根据句意可知,前后句有因果或顺承关系。故填so/and。
48.
考查名词。句意:根据计划,这条高铁将有两条支线,一条到延庆站,另一条到崇礼的太子城,这是奥运村所在地。根据空格前数词two,可知此处要填名词复数,构成名词短语branch lines(支线)。故填lines。
49.
考查介词。句意:这条全长70公里的铁路将在四年半内完工,其中包括一段穿过北京的铁路。根据句意,此处需用表示“包括”的介词与后面的名词短语构成介宾短语。故填including。
50.
考查时态语态。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,此处要填谓语动词;根据句子时间状语“in four and a half years”(四年半内)可知,句子要用一般将来时;所填词complete与句子主语“The full railway”之间是被动关系。所以此处要填一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be completed。
51.enjoyable
52.paid
53.operation
54.for
55.that##which
56.known
57.highly
58.and##while
59.develops## developed
60.to jump
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是北京奥运会的场馆,尤其是首钢滑雪大跳台场馆。
51.
考查形容词。句意:当冬奥会与中国农历新年相遇时,北京让每个人都在中国愉快地体验了中国文化。空格处用形容词作宾语补足语,enjoy的形容词形式是enjoyable,故填enjoyable。
52.
考查时态。句意:作为世界上首个“双奥之城”,北京在克服新冠肺炎疫情带来的困难的同时,高度重视各方面细节,全力支持奥运会安全顺利举办。根据语境可知,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式paid。故填paid。
53.
考查名词。句意:作为世界上首个“双奥之城”,北京在克服新冠肺炎疫情带来的困难的同时,高度重视各方面细节,全力支持奥运会安全顺利举办。smooth是形容词,修饰名词,根据语境可知,句子表示“北京高度重视各方面细节,全力支持奥运会安全顺利举办”,空格处意为“运行”,名词是operation,表“运行”时,operation是不可数名词,故填operation。
54.
考查介词。句意:北京冬奥会期间出色的场馆服务赢得了运动员们的掌声和称赞。由“its excellent venue (场地) services during the Games”可知,句子表示“因为出色的场馆服务,北京受到了称赞”,空格处表示“因为”,用介词for,故填for。
55.
考查定语从句。句意:其中最棒的场馆之一是首钢滑雪大跳台场馆,见证了18岁的中国自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌,也被称为Eileen Gu的史诗般的胜利。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少主语,先行词“Big Air Shougang Olympic venue”是物,因此空格处用关系代词that/which,故填that/which。
56.
考查过去分词。句意:其中最棒的场馆之一是首钢滑雪大跳台场馆,见证了18岁的中国自由式滑雪运动员谷爱凌,也被称为Eileen Gu的史诗般的胜利。分析句子结构可知,定语从句中谓语是witnessed,空格处用非谓语形式,由固定短语“be known as(被称为)”可知,此处省略be,用过去分词作后置定语,故填known。
57.
考查副词。句意:谷爱凌高度评价了这个比赛场地,与此同时,所有的运动员都说首钢滑雪大跳台是他们所去过的最好的比赛场地。空格处用副词highly修饰动词spoke,speak highly of是固定短语,意为“高度评价”,故填highly。
58.
考查连词。句意:谷爱凌高度评价了这个比赛场地,与此同时,所有的运动员都说首钢滑雪大跳台是他们所去过的最好的比赛场地。空后的“all other athletes said the Shougang Big Air was the best of its kind that they had set foot on”和前面的“spoke__7__ (high) of this competition venue”是并列关系,因此用and,也可用while表示“与此同时”,故填and/while。
59.
考查时态语态。句意:这个跳台的设计理念来源于甘肃敦煌的传统绘画。develop from从……发展而来,不及物动词短语,因此用主动语态,句子可理解为描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,也可理解为发生在过去,时态用一般过去时,主语“The design concept of this platform”是单数,故填develops/developed。
60.
考查不定式。句意:首钢滑雪大跳台是北京市中心唯一的雪赛场馆,对于大跳台运动员来说,在冷却塔的背景下跳跃是最酷的事情。句中it是形式宾语,空格处用不定式作真正的宾语,故填to jump。
61.showed
62.a
63.largest
64.to
65.Although##Though##While
66.is required
67.organizations
68.and
69.facing
70.to improve
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文,中国已经成为世界上博物馆数量第四多的国家,经过三年的筹备,九个部门联合发布了促进博物馆改革和发展的文件,使其在国家的整体发展中能够发挥更突出的作用。
61.
考查一般过去时。句意:国家文物局5月18日发布的数据显示,与2015年相比,这一数字上升了约23%。空处是谓语动词,由“on May 18”可知,句子应用一般过去时,故填showed。
62.
考查不定冠词。句意:国家文物局5月18日发布的数据显示,与2015年相比,这一数字上升了约23%。rise是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词。rise首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。
63.
考查形容词最高级。句意:因此,中国拥有世界上数量第四多的博物馆,仅次于美国、德国和日本。此处表示“第……最……的”,用“the+序数词+形容词最高级”结构。故填largest。
64.
考查介词。句意:因此,中国拥有世界上数量第四多的博物馆,仅次于美国、德国和日本。next to紧挨着,居于……之后,是固定短语。故填to。
65.
考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然中国的博物馆正在迅速发展,但为了使其在国家的整体发展中发挥更突出的作用,今天还需要进一步的改革。结合句意可知,此处是让步状语从句,可用although/though/while引导,表示“虽然,尽管”,首字母应大写。故填Although/Though/While。
66.
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:虽然中国的博物馆正在迅速发展,但为了使其在国家的整体发展中发挥更突出的作用,今天还需要进一步的改革。主语reform和动词require之间是被动关系,且句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是不可数名词,be动词用is。故填is required。
67.
考查可数名词复数。句意:经过三年的筹备工作,9个部级组织联合发布了这份文件,为促进该领域的改革和发展提供了指导方针。此处应填名词作主语,organization组织,是可数名词,由nine可知应用复数形式。故填organizations。
68.
考查并列连词。句意:经过三年的筹备工作,9个部级组织联合发布了这份文件,为促进该领域的改革和发展提供了指导方针。结合句意可知,空前后是并列关系,应用and连接。故填and。
69.
考查现在分词。句意:“然而,面对发展不平衡的问题,我们应该在完善我国博物馆制度方面做出更大的努力。”国家文物局副局长关强说。动词face和逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
70.
考查动词不定式。句意:“然而,面对发展不平衡的问题,我们应该在完善我国博物馆制度方面做出更大的努力。”国家文物局副局长关强说。make more effort to do sth更加努力做某事。故填to improve。
71.complicated
72.requires
73.techniques
74.Whoever
75.at##with
76.longest
77.a
78.to be affected
79.encountering
80.temporarily
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了高山滑雪项目。作为世界上最复杂的冬季运动项目之一,它需要大量的组织工作,被誉为“冬季奥运会皇冠上的明珠”。
71.
考查形容词。句意:作为世界上最复杂的冬季运动项目之一,它需要大量的组织工作,被誉为“冬季奥运会皇冠上的明珠”。修饰后文名词短语winter sports应用形容词complicated,作定语。故填complicated。
72.
考查主谓一致。句意:作为世界上最复杂的冬季运动项目之一,它需要大量的组织工作,被誉为“冬季奥运会皇冠上的明珠”。根据后文it is可知为一般现在时,且非限制性定语从句中,谓语与先行词one of the most complicated winter sports in the world保持一致,应用第三人称单数形式。故填requires。
73.
考查名词的数。句意:为了适应陡峭的斜坡和不同的场地,高山滑雪者使用现代高山滑雪板和改进的转弯技术。technique为可数名词,前文没有冠词,表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填techniques。
74.
考查主语从句。句意:谁在最短的时间内完成,谁就赢。引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“无论谁”应用whoever,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Whoever。
75.
考查介词。句意:对于下坡,滑雪者的速度非常快,而且路线最长,垂直落差最大。结合句意表示“以非常快的速度”短语为at/with very high speed。故填at/with。
76.
考查最高级。句意:对于下坡,滑雪者的速度非常快,而且路线最长,垂直落差最大。根据后文has the largest vertical drop以及上文定冠词the可知long应用最高级形式。故填longest。
77.
考查冠词。句意:Super-G场有更多的门和更小的垂直落差。drop表示“落差”此处为泛指应用不定冠词,且smaller是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。
78.
考查非谓语动词。句意:由于比赛在寒冷的高山进行,高山滑雪是一项很可能受到天气条件影响的运动。此处为短语be likely to do sth.,且sport与affect构成被动关系,应用to be done形式。故填to be affected。
79.
考查省略句。句意:当遇到极端天气情况,如大雪、大雾、大风或突然变暖,比赛可能会被暂停、改期,甚至完全取消。在when引导的状语从句中,当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时,可省略从句的主语和be,从句完整形式为When the competition is encountering extreme weather conditions such as heavy snow, fog, strong wind, or sudden warming,相当于省略了the competition is。故填encountering。
80.
考查副词。句意:当遇到极端天气情况,如大雪、大雾、大风或突然变暖,比赛可能会被暂停、改期,甚至完全取消。修饰后文动词suspended, rescheduled, or even canceled应用副词temporarily,作状语。故填temporarily。
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