外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Lessons in life学案设计

Unit 2 Lessons in life

阅读教材P20－21课文，选出最佳选项

1．Where do you think the children find the Blue Bird?

A．At Tyltyl's home.

B．The Land of Memory.

C．The Palace of Night.

D．In the Forest.

2．What does the author want to convey?

A．Happiness can not be found in the forest.

B．The children are too silly.

C．Happiness is around us if we are ready to help others.

D．The little girl is poor.

[答案]　1－2　AC

Words and Phrases

知识要点1　cooperate v．合作，协作

(教材原句P18)　It is easier to achieve something if you cooperate with someone else.

如果你和别人合作，就更容易达成目标。

[例]　The football team are showing their ability to cooperate with each other.

这个足球队在展示他们相互合作的能力。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空

①They were cooperative (cooperate) and helped the police catch the criminal.

②Africa needs international cooperation(cooperate) in such an issue.

③All of the school cooperated to make (make) the school yard clean.

知识要点2　burst out突然发生；突然……起来

(教材原句P20)　All the other HAPPINESSES burst out laughing.

所有其他的幸福们都爆发出笑声。

[例]　He burst into tears, while she burst out laughing.

他突然哭了起来，而她却大笑起来。

[名师点津]

表示“闯入”时，burst in是不及物动词短语，若加宾语需加介词on，而burst into是及物动词短语。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①He felt he would burst with anger and shame.

②His words made all the people present burst into laughter(laugh)．

③Seeing their daughter's coming back，the parents burst into tears(放声大哭)．

知识要点3　lean v．前俯(或后仰)；倾斜；倚靠；靠在；靠置；使斜靠

(教材原句P21)　Enter NEIGHBOUR BERLINGOT，a little old woman leaning on a stick.

邻居Berlingot，一位瘦小的老太太拄着拐杖进来了。

[例]　He leant on the back of the sofa.

他斜靠在沙发的背上。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①Can you lean my bike against the wall?

②The trees leant/leaned(lean)in the wind last night.

③Kids today lean to/toward casual clothes(倾向于穿随意的衣服)．

④She always leans on her sister for help(依赖她姐姐帮助)．

知识要点4　address n．地址；称呼；致辞；讲话；演讲v.称呼；发表演说；写地址；处理/解决问题

(教材原句P21)　Stepping to the front of the stage and addressing the audience.

走到舞台前面，向观众讲话。

[例]　He addressed the crowd gravely.

他严肃地向观众致辞。

[即学即练]　写出address 的含义

①Most people call me Mary.How do I address you？ 称呼

②The mayor gave a television address yesterday evening. 演讲

③There is a letter addressed to you. 写地址

④The next meeting will address the problem of traffic jam. 解决

Sentence Patterns

重点句式1　with的复合结构

(教材原句P20)　They dance merrily around the CHILDREN，then the one who appears to be the chief goes up to TYLTYL with hand outstretched.

他们欢快地围着孩子们跳舞，然后那个看起来是首领的人伸出手向狄蒂尔走去。

句式分析：本句中的with hand outstretched属于“with＋宾语＋动词的过去分词”这一结构，在句子中作伴随状语，意思是“伸出手”。

[例]　With nothing left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.

因为橱柜里没有吃的了，她出去买些吃的。

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①With production up by 60%，the company has had another excellent year.

②It's a pity that the famous writer died with his novel unfinished(finish)．

③With no one to talk (talk) to，Mary felt lonely.

④She fell asleep with the light burning(开着灯)．

⑤After the snow，the city is beautiful with everything covered with white snow(一切都银装素裹)．

⑥With much knowledge to learn(有那么多的知识要学)，he goes to the classroom every early morning.

重点句式2　every time引导时间状语从句

(教材原句P21)　...you will see him every time you go to the window...

……每一次你走向窗前都会见到他……

句式分析：本句中every time是名词词组作连词，相当于whenever，意思是“每一次”。

[例]　Her motto was “Every time I open my mouth，I put my foot in it.”

她的座右铭是“每次我一开口，我都会说错话。”

[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子

①The moment she heard the news, she felt like crying.

②I fell in love with this city the first (one) time I saw it.

③Every time he comes (come) to Beijing, he will visit the Great Wall.

④The first time (第一次)he came to the city，he decided to settle there.

⑤You are welcome to come back any time (任何时候) you want to.

标题归纳题

记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。设问形式常有：

(1)Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

(2)What can be a suitable title for the passage/text?

(3)What is the best title for this passage?

(4)The most suitable title of this passage is ________．

一个好的标题应具备三大特点：概括——准确而又简短；针对——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。

[解题技巧]

1．“高度概括”定标题

(1)所选文章标题须能概括全文的中心内容。标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。为吸引读者的注意，标题往往比较醒目。

(2)一般文章的标题可根据主题句来判断，但在某些文章中，如记叙文，没有明确的主题句，需要根据文中的事实细节，查找文章的“主线”，归纳出文章的主题。

2．文章标题三特点

(1)形式一般为单词、短语或句子，短语居多；

(2)短小精悍，精确性强；

(3)涵盖性强，能覆盖全文大意。

[典例]　

Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks.His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter，including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road.What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year.So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台)．The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California，including Los Angeles.Eyeing these headwinds，plastic­bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

Among the bag makers' arguments：many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags，which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at，they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today.

The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement：reusable shopping bags.The stronger a reusable bag is，the longer its life and the more plastic­bag use it cancels out.However，longer­lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make.One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑) these points.They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

★What is the best title for the text?

A．Plastic，Paper or Neither

B．Industry，Pollution and Environment

C．Recycle or Throw Away

D．Garbage Collection and Waste Control

A　[本文讲述了使用塑料袋造成的环境问题，纸袋容易回收，但生产和运输需要更多的能源，希望消费者使用耐用可重复使用的袋子。文章对这三个方面进行了对比，Plastic，Paper or Neither既能概括全文，又能吸引读者，适合作为标题，故选A。]

[即学即练]

In 1905，as part of his Special Theory of Relativity，Albert Einstein published the point that a large amount of energy could be released from a small amount of matter.This was expressed by equation E＝mc2(energy＝mass times the speed of light squared)．But bombs were not what Einstein had in mind when he published this equation.

In 1929，he publicly declared that if a war broke out he would “refuse to do war service，direct or indirect...” His position would change in 1933，as a result of Adolf Hitler's coming into power in Germany.

Einstein's greatest role in the invention of the atomic bomb was signing a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt urging that the bomb be built because some physicists feared that Germany might be working on an atomic bomb.Among those concerned were physicists Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner.But Szilard and Wigner had no influence with those in power.So in July 1939 they explained the problem to someone who did：Albert Einstein.After talking with Einstein，in August 1939，Szilard wrote a letter to President Roosevelt with Einstein's signature on it，which was delivered to Roosevelt in October 1939.

Germany has invaded Poland the previous month；the time was ripe for action.That October research of the atomic bomb began but proceeded slowly because the invention of the atomic bomb seemed distant and unlikely.In April 1940 an Einstein letter，ghost­written by Szilard，pressed the researchers on the need for “greater speed”．

As the realization of nuclear weapons grew near，Einstein looked beyond the current war to future problems that such weapons could bring.He wrote to his friend about his fear about the future use of the atomic bomb.

The atomic bombings of Japan occurred three months after Germany gave in.

In November 1954，five months before his death，Einstein summarized his feelings about his role in the creation of the atomic bomb：“I made one great mistake in my life...when I signed the letter to President Roosevelt recommending that atomic bombs be made；but there was some justification—the danger that the Germans would make them.”

★The best title for the passage would be “________”．

A．A Story of Albert Einstein

B．Albert Einstein and the Atomic Bomb

C．It Was Unfair for Einstein

D．How the Atomic Bomb Was Invented

B　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述的是爱因斯坦对原子弹的研发的影响，所以B项“爱因斯坦和原子弹”适合用作本文的标题。故选B。]