Unit 3　Fit for life Part 1-2022版英语选择性必修第二册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

Unit 3　Fit for life

Part 1　Welcome to the unit &Reading

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.American basketball superstar Kobe Bryant died in a plane crash. Police have 　　　(确认) him. 

2.She had a 　　　(合同) to work for Huawei Technologies Co.,Ltd. after graduation.  

3.The heavy rain has damaged our school playground and now the workers are 　　　(修复) it. 

4.We should always bear in mind that many traffic accidents 　　　(产生) from drunk driving. 

5.It's well known that bad information on the Internet will a　　　 children greatly. 

6.For safety's sake, it is best to d　　　 traces of personal information produced online. 

Ⅱ.选词填空

prohibit sb. from doing sth.;wrestle with;put sth. in place;without doubt

1.The coastal countries should　　　　　　 the nuclear waste water rather than simply pouring it into the sea. 

2.　　　　　　, China is one of the most successful countries in the world in the fight against COVID-19.  

3.People have different opinions about the school 　　　students 　　　bringing mobile phones to class.  

4.Students have 　　　their computers 　　　for tomorrow's exam. 

Ⅲ.单句语法填空

1.He specializes　　　　chemistry and has made a number of new discoveries.  

2.He believes students 　　　　(ultimate) learn more and encourages them to form study groups.  

3.This disease is surprisingly difficult to catch as most people have natural 　　　　(resist) to it.  

4.The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood without 　　　　(restrict). 

5.All these noises made 　　　　impossible for me to go on with my homework. 

6.　　　　 appropriate software, a computer would be a mere box.  

Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　Genome editing brings many exciting possibilities.　1　is well-known to you, genes play a critical role in shaping our lives, and our own personal genome contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.As a result, geneticists　2　 (try)to identify which genes relate to which diseases, as they believe genome editing is 　3　effective means of disease treatment and prevention.In the near future, it will serve as a new weapon in the fight against diseases, 　4　(lead) to a fundamental change in our approach to health care. However, 　5　the technology continuing to develop at a fast pace, questions arise about how to use it　6　(appropriate).Genome editing also brings us some moral problems. Therefore, many people have all started 　7　(wrestle) with such issues. We have to find out how to keep the technology from running wild. This means　8　(put) appropriate controls in place to make sure that genome editing will work to our advantage. If we didn't have them, genome editing could be as dangerous as a car out of control. In a word, there 　9　(be) still much to be explored and debated on genome editing. Without doubt, genome editing is one of the　10　(great) innovations in the history of science. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2021江西高二名校联考,)

Called the 4th industrial revolution, 5G will likely bring huge changes to our daily lives.Most importantly, it seems set to revolutionize healthcare.

One of the most exciting and publicized uses of 5G is telesurgery (远程手术). This is when a surgeon remotely performs an operation on a patient. They may not be in the same room, nor even the same country! In January 2019, the world's first remote operation was performed in Fujian province. A doctor controlled robotic arms through a 5G network to remove the liver of a laboratory test animal.Two months later, China completed its first 5G-based human brain operation between a doctor and a patient located more than 4,000 kilometers away.

Team leader Tian Wei told Xinhua News Agency, “The combination of 5G technology and surgical robots is a huge technological advance that will help us share our skills with more patients in distant regions.”

“People across society can now have access to top medical resources. In the future, using robots and 5G will be common.The medical community will be smarter,” he added.

These advances are only possible with 5G.The high speed of the network means there is no significant latency between a doctor's movements in one place and a robot's in the other.This allows doctors far more precision than on a 4G network. It's the same as playing a computer game online.Slow connections mean shaking and unpredictable movements.

5G will also bring everyday benefits to healthcare. Before treatment, 5G will support a large number of high-definition (高清晰度的) video calls with doctors and provide immediate advice for those who can't visit hospitals. After being treated, wearable devices will send data in real time to doctors, allowing hospitals to monitor recovering patients at their homes.

5G technology aims to ensure everyone has access to good healthcare. As 5G is rolled out, we may realize the world where robot operations and home healthcare become common.

1.Which of the following best describes 5G technology from Tian Wei's words?

A.5G will make good healthcare available to more patients.

B.It is hard to say whether 5G will be widely used in the future.

C.5G has great potential in various fields including the community.

D.It remains doubtful that doctors use robots and 5G for operations.

2.What does the underlined word “latency” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A.Rush.　　　　　　　B.Delay.

C.Speed. D.Mistake.

3.Which is the benefit of telehealth according to the text?

A.Its precision allows patients to recover more quickly.

B.It provides doctors with more personalized treatments.

C.It is more convenient both for patients and doctors.

D.It will save a lot of energy to go to the hospital in advance.

4.What's the passage mainly about?

A.How to use 5G technology to perform an operation.

B.The importance of using 5G technology.

C.The significance of using 5G in telehealth.

D.How different countries apply 5G to healthcare.

B

(2021山东邹城高二上期中,)

According to a recent study,a new kind of genetically modified(转基因的)rice can prevent infections of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS.

The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins(蛋白质)that attach directly to the HIV virus. This process keeps the virus from mixing with human cells. The scientists say it can remove the effect of the virus and block its spreading.

The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS reports that worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017.The organization says the largest number of those is in developing countries. Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa. Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral drug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.

The new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world. Researchers say the “groundbreaking” discovery is “realistically the only way” that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at a cost low enough for the developing world.

They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin. The HIV-fighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin. People all over the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves. This would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients to receive treatments and medicine.

The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has been debated for some time. Critics of genetically engineered crops believe they can harm people. The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to human bodies.

5.What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A.The terrible situations of HIV infections.

B.The rapid development of Africa.

C.The practical ways to cure AIDS.

D.The efforts made by the United Nations.

6.How will the rice be used at the lowest cost?

A.By transforming it into proteins.

B.By processing it into a cream.

C.By attaching it to the HIV virus.

D.By adding it to an oral drug.

7.What can we know about the genetic engineering process?

A.It won't produce dangerous chemicals.

B.It has produced dangerous chemicals.

C.It is intended for the developed world.

D.It requires further testing to ensure the safety.

8.From which is the text probably taken?

A.A biology textbook.

B.A first aid brochure.

C.A social web page.

D.A health magazine.

Ⅱ.语法填空

(2020山东聊城高二上期中联考,)

If you get injured in a sport, what should you do? The best way 　1　(deal) with sports injuries is to keep them from 　2　(happen) in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game and using right 　3　(equip) can help you avoid injuries. If you've got injured, pull 　4　(you) out of the game or stop doing your activity. Let your coach or parents know what has happened in case you need to see a doctor. Serious head and neck injuries happen most often to the athletes 　5　 play sports like football. Keep the injured person still with his or her head 　6　(hold) straight while someone calls for medical help. If the person 　7　(lie) on the ground, do not try to move him or her. 

Your first question after a sports injury will 　8　(probable) be, “When can I play again?” This depends on the injury and 　9　 your doctor tells you. Even if you can't return to your sport right away, the doctor might have advice on what you can do to stay healthy. Always talk with your doctor 　10　 trying any activity following an injury. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

答案全解全析

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.identified　2.contract　3.restoring　4.arise　5.affect　6.delete

Ⅱ.1.wrestle with　2.Without doubt　3.prohibiting;from　4.put;in place

Ⅲ.1.in　考查介词。句意:他专攻化学,有许多新发现。specialize in意为“专攻;专修”,故填in。

2.ultimately　考查副词。句意:他相信学生最终会学到更多,并且鼓励他们组成学习小组。 空处作状语,故用副词形式。

3.resistance　考查名词。句意:由于大多数人对这种病具有天生的抵抗力,所以它令人惊讶地难以患上。 空前有形容词natural修饰,所以此处用名词形式,意为“抵抗力”。

4.restriction　考查名词。句意:游泳俱乐部对附近的家庭开放,没有限制。空处作介词without的宾语。故用名词形式。

5.it　考查代词。句意:所有这些噪音使得我无法继续做作业。本句使用了“make it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”结构,其中it为形式宾语,真正宾语是其后的不定式短语。

6.Without　考查介词。句意:如果没有恰当的软件,电脑只是一个盒子。介词短语Without appropriate software相当于一个条件状语从句,表示与现在事实相反的假设,后面句子的谓语用了“would+动词原形”形式。

Ⅳ.1.As　考查非限制性定语从句。as意为“正如;正像”,置于句首,引导非限制性定语从句。

2.have been trying　考查动词时态。空处动作表示遗传学家的努力已经开始,并且一直在进行,所以用现在完成进行时。

3.an　考查冠词。means意为“方式,方法”时为可数名词,单复数同形,形容词effective以元音音素开头。故用不定冠词an。

4.leading　考查现在分词。空处表示前面造成的自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。

5.with　考查with的复合结构。此处是“with+宾语+现在分词”构成的复合结构,在句中作状语。

6.appropriately　考查副词。空处修饰动词use,作状语。故用副词形式。

7.to wrestle　考查不定式。start to do sth.表示“开始去做某事”。

8.putting　考查动名词。mean doing sth.表示“意味着做某事”。

9.is　考查主谓一致及时态。此处为there be句型,主语为much,且陈述一般事实,故设空处用一般现在时,be动词用单数形式is。

10.greatest　考查形容词最高级。根据语境及此处结构“one of the...”可知,空格处用形容词最高级。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.A

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了5G技术在远程医疗上给医生和患者带来的巨大便利。

1.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The combination of 5G technology and surgical robots is a huge technological advance that will help us share our skills with more patients in distant regions.”可知,5G技术与手术机器人的结合是一项巨大的技术进步,这将有助于医生和更多偏远地区的患者分享他们的技能。再根据第四段关键句“People across society can now have access to top medical resources.”可知,全社会的人现在都可以获得顶级医疗资源。由此可推断出,从田伟的话中我们可以得知,5G技术将为更多的患者提供良好的医疗保健。根据这些信息可以判断B项“很难说5G是否会在未来被广泛使用”和D项“医生使用机器人和5G技术进行手术仍然不太可能”错误。田伟没有提及C项“5G在包括社区在内的各个领域都有巨大的潜力”。故选A项。

2.B　词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的句意为: 网络的高速意味着医生在一个地方的动作和机器人在另一个地方的动作之间没有明显的　　　　。根据常识可知,5G网络相比于4G,速度大大提高了,也就是减少了延迟,可推断出医生和机器人的动作之间没有明显的延迟。This allows doctors far more precision than on a 4G network.(这使得医生比用4G网络更精准)也可以表明,5G网络减少了动作的延迟,所以才会更精准。delay意为“延迟,延时”,符合语境。A项“匆忙”、C项“速度”以及D项“失误”不符合文意。故选B项。 

3.C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Before treatment, 5G will support a large number of high-definition (高清晰度的) video calls with doctors and provide immediate advice for those who can't visit hospitals.”可知,在治疗前,5G网络将支持大量与医生的高清视频通话,为那些不能去医院的人提供及时的建议,由此可知,远程医疗给不能去医院的病人提供了方便,也使医生为病人诊断更加方便,也就是说,远程医疗对病人和医生来说都更加方便。故选C项。

4.C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章通过远程手术的例子,说明了5G技术的方便快捷让远程医疗成为可能,并为社会带来巨大福利。再根据文章最后一段中的“As 5G is rolled out, we may realize the world where robot operations and home healthcare become common.”可知,随着5G技术的出现,机器人手术和家庭医疗保健会变得很普遍。由此可推断出,文章主要讲的是5G技术在远程医疗上的意义。A项“如何利用5G技术做手术”;B项“使用5G技术的重要性”;D项“不同国家如何将5G应用于医疗保健”。故选C项。

【高频词汇】　1.revolution n.革命;巨变　2.remove v.移除

3.have access to...有使用/见到……的机会或权利

4.top adj.(位置、级别或程度)最高的;很好的

5.unpredictable adj.不可预测的　6.monitor v.监控

7.convenient adj.方便的;便利的　8.significance n.重要性;意义

B

◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的研究发现:一种可以防止HIV病毒感染的转基因大米。

5.A　主旨大意题。根据第三段中“...worldwide, nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017...Now there is no cure for HIV/AIDS...”可知,本段说明了全球HIV病毒感染的严峻现状。故选A。B项“非洲的快速发展”;C项“治疗艾滋病的切实可行的方法”;D项“联合国所做的努力”。

6.B　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“They say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the rice will be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin.”可知,研究人员认为最简单且最节约成本的方式就是把这种大米加工成膏,涂在皮肤上。故选B。A项“通过把它转化成蛋白质”;C项“通过把它附着在HIV病毒上”;D项“通过把它添加到口服药物中”。

7.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to human bodies.”可知,科学家们认为还需要做进一步测试,以确保基因工程过程的安全性。故选D。A项“它不会产生危险的化学物质”,B项“它产生了危险的化学物质”,由文章最后一段中的最后一句可知,是否产生有害的化学物质是有待确定的事;C项“它是为发达国家设计的”,由文章的第三段和第四段的首句可排除。

8.D　推理判断题。根据主旨段第一段提到的“According to a recent study, a new kind of genetically modified rice can prevent infections of HIV...”可知,文章主要介绍了一项科学研究,该研究与一种可以防止感染HIV病毒的新型转基因大米有关,其话题与健康相关。由此可以推断,文章可能是选自健康杂志。故选D。A项“一本生物教材”;B项“一本急救手册”;C项“一个社交网页”。

【高频词汇】　1.prevent v.阻止;防止　2.be responsible for...为……负责任　3.block v.阻止;拦截;妨碍 n.街区;阻碍　4.critic n.批评家;评论家　5.additional adj.额外的;附加的

长难句分析

原句　The scientific team says further testing is needed to ensure that the genetic engineering process does not produce any additional chemicals that could be dangerous to human bodies.

分析　该句是一个主从复合句。句子的主干是The scientific team says...;to ensure...为动词不定式短语作目的状语,其中紧接着ensure后面的that引导的是宾语从句,而chemicals后面的that引导的是定语从句,修饰先行词chemicals。

句意　该科学团队表示,需要做进一步的测试,以确保基因工程过程不会产生任何可能对人体有害的额外化学物质。

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在运动中受伤时,如何自救或救助他人。

1.to deal　考查动词不定式。句意:应对运动损伤的最好方法就是在一开始就避免它们的发生。此处用动词不定式作way的后置定语。

2.happening　考查动名词。句意见上题。设空处作from的宾语,keep...from doing...阻止……做……。故填动名词happening。

3.equipment　考查名词。句意:了解比赛规则并使用正确的设备可以帮助你避免受伤。use为及物动词,后面缺少宾语,故使用equip的名词形式equipment。

4.yourself　考查反身代词。句意:如果你受伤了,就退出比赛或者停止活动。“pull 　4　 out of the game”为祈使句,省略了主语you,pull为及物动词,故后面使用反身代词yourself作宾语。 

5.who/that　考查定语从句。句意:严重的头部和颈部损伤最常发生在从事像足球这样的体育运动的运动员身上。设空处引导定语从句,athletes为先行词,指人,从句缺少主语,故使用who或that。

6.held　考查过去分词。句意:当有人打电话请求医疗救助时,保持伤者不动,头部挺直。此处为with的复合结构,hold和his or her head构成逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词held作宾补。

7.is lying　考查动词的时态。句意:如果这个人正躺在地上,不要试图移动他或她。此处If引导条件状语从句,从句缺少谓语,根据句意可知,此处强调的是这个人正躺在地上时的应对措施,故使用现在进行时is lying。

8.probably　考查副词。此处指你在运动受伤后的第一个问题很可能是……。 设空处作状语,应使用副词,故填probably。

9.what　考查宾语从句。句意:这取决于你的伤势和医生告诉你的情况。设空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作tells的直接宾语,故填what。

10.before　考查介词。句意:受伤后尝试任何活动之前总是要和你的医生谈谈。根据句意可知应填介词before。

【高频词汇】　1.in the first place 首先,起初　2.still adj.不动的,静止的　3.straight adv.直地;笔直地　4.depend on 取决于

5.right away 立刻