Unit 3　Fit for life Part 3-2022版英语选择性必修第二册译林版（2019） 同步练习 （Word含解析）

Part 3　Extended reading, Project, Assessment &Further study

基础过关练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.After he fell in the playground,I wrapped a 　　　(绷带)around his ankle to give it some support.  

2.It's well known that the dove is a universal 　　　(象征)of peace. 

3.Any event attended by the famous actor attracts 　　　(广泛的)media attention. 

4.You should not buy cigarettes or 　　　(烟草) unless you are above 18 years of age. 

5.The children surrounded the teacher while she was playing the　　　(风琴) in the classroom. 

6.The government is taking action to fight against drug a　　　.  

7.As a result of listening carefully, I remember most of the s　　　 of the teacher's words.  

8.The school's small c　　　 plays a very important role in protecting students' health. 

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1.There are bound to be people who will tell me that both of these 　　　　(phenomenon) are exceptions that do not disprove the theory. 

2.One possible reason is that dust can affect the breathing system and people may be more open to 　　　　(infect). 

3.There is growing evidence 　　　　staying up late at night has a serious impact on people's health. 

4.In our city people have used smart water meters to take 　　　　place of traditional water meters.  

5.Despite the long distance between the two countries, they enjoy good economic relations,which can date back 　　　　the early 1960s. 

6.In order to promote trade, the two countries decided to switch 　　　　RMB settlement. 

7.　　　　(anxious) can affect a child's performance in school, so keep an eye on your child's mood. 

8.According to the study, about a third of children have been 　　　　(severe) overweight due to lack of exercise. 

9.He got full marks in the final 　　　　(examine) because of his hard work. 

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.这个节日早在20世纪80年代就传到了中国,并被广泛接受。

The festival spread to China 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and was widely accepted.  

2.因为向导带路,我没费事就找到了他们的村子。

　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, I had no difficulty finding their village.  

3.几个学生抱着书站在那里聊天。

　　　　　　　　　, a few students stood there chatting.  

Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　One of the most famous Chinese medical 　1　(treat) is Chinese acupuncture, dating from the Stone Age. As acupuncture developed, nine different kinds of needles appeared, which　2　(have) different shapes. The majority of acupuncturists now use stainless steel needles. They push needles into the skin at certain points on the body　3　(call) acupuncture points. So far, more than 360 acupuncture points　4　(identify), each linked to a different part of the body. Over the years, not only has acupuncture been used to treat physical and 　5　(mentally) problems, but it has also been applied to treat people 　6　 abuse alcohol, tobacco or drugs. 　7　it is not clear how acupuncture actually works, it is　8　fact that acupuncture has become very popular. Today,it has come into widespread use around the world　9　a symbol of traditional Chinese culture.While doubts about its safety have　10　(gradual) disappeared, interest continues to grow. 

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 

能力提升练

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2020湖南师范大学附属中学高二期中,)

While I was teaching in China, I became interested in acupuncture, which dates back to the Stone Age.It was after returning from China and witnessing how successful it had been that I reached the decision to become an acupuncturist myself. I was lucky to discover that the town where I lived had a famous college of traditional acupuncture.

Alternative medicine such as acupuncture is particularly important to me because I firmly believe that it works on the level of the body, mind and spirit.This is very different from Western medicine which is supposed to work only on the body.When a person is ill, it is believed that there's something in their life that is putting their energy levels out of balance. What alternative therapies(疗法)try to do is help to gradually push the energy levels back into balance.The result is that any disease present might naturally disappear as it cannot survive when energy levels are balanced.

I've treated a wide range of people for various conditions, for example, people suffering from stress and anxiety. To acquire a qualification in acupuncture, I took a course that lasted three years. I had to go to the college about one weekend in three. I also had a large amount of homework and practical work to do, which I did two or three evenings a week.This involved locating points on different people. As you can imagine, this isn't straightforward as people are of different sizes and have differently shaped bodies.

In the future I hope to set up an alternative health clinic which will involve myself as an acupuncturist and perhaps other people as well. I'd like to work with people who provide treatments such as rubbing(搓)and pressing people's feet in a special way to help them relax and feel well.I'd like to set it up somewhere in the countryside, where people can feel free from the stress of life. 

1.The author decided to learn acupuncture 　　　. 

A.when he was teaching in China

B.when he was studying in college

C.after he came back to his mother country

D.after he discovered an acupuncture school

2.What does the author think of acupuncture?

A.It prevents disease.

B.It treats people as a whole.

C.It has an immediate effect.

D.It helps improve people's lives.

3.The acupuncture course the author took was 　　　. 

A.time-consuming and challenging

B.learner-centered and effective

C.difficult but interesting

D.painful but helpful

4.What do the underlined words “other people” in the last paragraph refer to?

A.Other acupuncturists.

B.Other alternative therapists.

C.Other doctors who use Western medicine.

D.Other people who want to escape from stress.

Ⅱ.七选五

(2021山东潍坊高二期中联考,)

Researchers worldwide are racing to develop potential vaccines and drugs to fight COVID-19. Now, a group of researchers has figured out the molecular(分子的) structure of a key protein that the coronavirus uses to invade(侵犯) human cells.　1　  

Previous research shows that the coronaviruses invade cells through the so-called “spike” proteins, but those proteins take on different shapes in different coronaviruses.Figuring out the shape of the spike protein in the novel coronavirus is the key to figuring out how to target the virus.　2　 But the spike protein is the major surface protein that it uses to combine with a receptor—another protein that acts like a doorway into a human cell.After the spike protein combines with the human cell receptor, the viral membrane combines with the human cell membrane, allowing the genome of the virus to enter human cells and begin infection. To prevent attachment and combination, people will prevent entry.　3　  

Earlier this month, researchers published the genome of the novel coronavirus. They identified the specific genes that code for the spike protein and then sent that gene information to a company that creates the genes.The group then injected those genes into mammalian cells in a lab dish.　4　 Next, using a very detailed microscopy technique called cryogenic electron microscopy, the group created a 3D “map”, or “blueprint” of the spike proteins.The blueprint revealed the structure of the molecule.　5　 It's a very important step forward and may help with the development of a vaccine against COVID-19.The spike protein would be the likely choice for the rapid development of vaccine antigens and treatments. 

A.Soon those cells produced the spike proteins.

B.It mapped the location of each of its atoms in space.

C.It potentially opens the door to the development of a vaccine.

D.Compared to normal vaccine development, it may take 10 years.

E.But to target this protein, humans need to know what it looks like.

F.The structure shows that the molecule is stable in the correct situation.

G.The coronavirus uses many different proteins to reproduce and invade cells.

1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 

Ⅲ.读后续写

(2021山东滕州一中月考,)

阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It was the homecoming parade in Rockwall, Texas and cheerleader Tyra was riding atop one of the school's floats(彩车) in her cheerleading uniform. As it slowly made its way down the avenue, the 17-year-old enthusiastically waved at the crowd, all the while soaked in the music, laughter, and applause. An expression of intense joy illuminated Tyra's eyes. She was a fine, tall, and slim beauty, with blue eyes and dark hair. The atmosphere in the street was electric as everyone enjoyed the parade.

All of a sudden, a horrific scream shattered the joyous atmosphere. Tyra looked down and saw a two-year-old on the sidewalk gasping for air. His nose was short and broad, while his nostrils flared like those of a lion. His frantic(情绪失控的) mother pleaded with the gathered crowds for help. She was trembling helplessly as she stood over him.The boy, Clarke, was sucking on a piece of candy when it slid down the back of his mouth.It had lodged in his throat and blocked the windpipe(气管).

“Someone helps me;someone helps me,” the boy's mum Nicole kept begging.People stood in shock, and Nicole could not understand why nobody would help them. She was becoming more and more panicky and tears streamed down her face.The boy was no longer coughing. He lay on the ground in despair as he gasped for breath, but no matter how hard he tried, no air was reaching his lungs. No one seemed to know how to help except Tyra.

Tyra was a senior with dreams of becoming a pediatric surgeon. To show prospective universities how dedicated she was to her career goals, she had taken a first aid course and learned the Heimlich maneuver(海姆立克急救法) and CPR.Now it looked as if those lessons were going to be used a lot sooner than she had expected. Knowing that every second would count, she leaped off the moving float and ran to the child.

注意:续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1:

By the time she got to Clarke, his face had turned purple. 

Paragraph 2:

It all happened so fast that Nicole didn't have time to thank the teen. 

答案全解全析

基础过关练

Ⅰ.1.bandage　2.symbol　3.widespread　4.tobacco(s)　5.organ　6.abuse　7.substance　8.clinic

Ⅱ.1.phenomena　考查名词复数。句意:一定会有人对我说,这两种现象都是例外,并不能证明这个理论是错误的。设空处受these限定,故用名词复数形式。phenomenon的复数形式为phenomena。

2.infection　考查名词。句意: 一个可能的原因是灰尘会影响呼吸系统,人们可能更容易受到感染。空前的to为介词。故此处用名词形式。这里表示抽象意义,故用不可数名词。

3.that　考查同位语从句。句意:越来越多的证据表明,熬夜对人们的健康有严重的影响。分析可知设空处引导同位语从句且从句意思、结构完整。故填that。

易错分析

　　本句中的同位语从句容易被误认为是定语从句,从而造成that和which的混用。

4.the　考查冠词。句意:在我们城市,人们已经用智能水表来代替传统的水表了。take the place of为固定搭配,意为“代替”。

5.to　考查介词。句意:尽管两国之间距离遥远,但它们之间有良好的经济关系,这可以追溯到20世纪60年代初。date back to意为“追溯到……”,符合题意。

6.to　考查介词。句意:为了促进贸易,两国决定改用人民币结算。switch to意为“转变成”,符合题意。

7.Anxiety　考查名词。句意:焦虑会影响孩子在学校的表现,所以要留意你孩子的情绪。设空处作主语,应该用名词形式。这里表示抽象概念,用不可数名词。

8.severely　考查副词。句意:据研究,由于缺少运动,约有三分之一的孩子已经严重超重。 设空处修饰其后的形容词overweight,故用副词形式。

9.examination/exam　考查名词。句意:由于学习努力,他期末考试得了满分。设空处被形容词final修饰,作介词in的宾语,故用名词形式。表示“考试”的名词可为exam或examination。

Ⅲ.1.as early as the 1980s　2.With the guide leading the way

3.Books in arms

Ⅳ.1.treatments　考查名词及其单复数。根据one of...结构可知,设空处应用可数名词复数,表示“最著名的中医疗法之一”,故填treatments。

2.had　考查时态。根据上下文语境以及主句的时态可知,此处叙述过去发生的事情,所以which引导的定语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时。

3.called　考查过去分词。设空处作定语,修饰其前的名词points,动词call与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。故用过去分词形式。

4.have been identified　考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。根据时间状语So far可知,设空处动作已经发生并且对现在造成了影响,且与主语之间是被动关系。故用现在完成时的被动语态。主语为复数意义,故用have been identified。

5.mental　考查形容词。空前and连接两个并列的成分,physical为形容词,故此处应填形容词mental。

6.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词people,关系词在从句中作主语,故填who/that。

7.While/Though/Although　考查连词。分析句子可知,此处为状语从句,与主句意思上形成让步关系,故填While/Though/Although。

8.a　考查冠词。fact在文中是首次出现,故此处用不定冠词泛指“一件事实”。

9.as　考查介词。as意为“作为”,符合语境。故用介词as。

10.gradually　考查副词。空处修饰谓语have disappeared。故用副词形式。

能力提升练

Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在中国教学期间对针灸产生了兴趣,并且在回国后目睹了针灸的成功,因此作者决定成为针灸师。作者决定将来建立非传统的健康诊所帮助人们从生活的压力中感受轻松和自由。

1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “It was after returning from China and witnessing how successful it had been that I reached the decision to become an acupuncturist myself.” 可知作者是在从中国回来并且目睹了针灸的成功后,决定自己成为针灸师的。故选C项。

2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“because I firmly believe that it works on the level of the body, mind and spirit”可知,作者坚信它作用于人的身体、头脑和精神,即它把人看作一个整体。故选B项。A项“它能预防疾病”、C项“它有即时效果”以及D项“它有助于改善人们的生活”均未提及。

3.A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I took a course that lasted three years”可知作者参加的针灸课程历时三年,这是费时的。根据第三段中的“I also had a large amount of homework and practical work to do...This involved locating points on different people... this isn't straightforward as people are of different sizes and have differently shaped bodies.” 可知,针灸课程有大量的家庭作业和实践工作,包括在不同的人身上找穴位,这并不是一件简单的事情,由此可知针灸课程具有挑战性。故选A项。

4.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“I'd like to work with people who provide treatments such as rubbing(搓)and pressing people's feet in a special way to help them relax and feel well.”可推知,作者想跟那些提供治疗的人一起工作,比如用一种特殊的方式来搓按人的脚掌以帮助他们放松和感觉舒服。可推知 other people指后文提到的那些提供诸如搓按脚掌治疗的人,即其他非传统的治疗师。故选B项。

【高频词汇】　1.witness v.目击;见证　2.particularly adv.尤其,特别　3.a wide range of各种各样的　4.various adj.各种各样的

5.qualification n.资格　6.set up建立,创立

长难句分析

原句　It was after returning from China and witnessing how successful it had been that I reached the decision to become an acupuncturist myself.

分析　该句是一个强调句型,强调的是时间状语after returning from China and witnessing how successful it had been,其中how successful it had been作witnessing的宾语。

句意　是在从中国回来,并且目睹了针灸是多么成功后,我决定自己成为一名针灸师的。

Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。全球各地的研究人员都在研发疫苗和药物来对抗新型冠状病毒。现在,一组研究人员已经弄清这种冠状病毒用以入侵人类细胞的一种关键蛋白质的分子结构,为疫苗的进一步研发打开了大门。

1.C　根据设空处前一句可知,一组研究人员已经弄清这种冠状病毒用以入侵人类细胞的一种关键蛋白质的分子结构,说明这项研究可能为疫苗的研发打开了大门。故选C项。误解分析:有的同学会误选F项,认为它和前面一句话中都提到了蛋白质的分子结构,但是该项无法引起下文和本文的主题。

2.G　G项中的 many different proteins与下一句中的 major surface protein对应,即虽然冠状病毒利用许多不同的蛋白质复制并入侵细胞,但刺突蛋白是其用来与受体——另一种充当进入人体细胞的通道的蛋白质——结合的主要表面蛋白。

3.E　上一句说到阻止附着和结合,人们就能阻止病毒进入(人体细胞),解决问题要“知己知彼”,E项“但是要锁定这种蛋白质,人们需要知道它是什么样子的”承接上文,并且衔接下文的“研究者发布新型冠状病毒的基因组并揭示刺突蛋白的分子结构”,符合语境。

4.A　根据上一句可知,研究小组将这些基因注入实验室培养器皿中的哺乳动物细胞中。A项中的“those cells produced”符合生物的特性,与上一句衔接紧密,且与下一句“接下来,使用一种叫作低温电子显微术的非常精细的显微技术,这个小组创造了一份这些刺突蛋白的3D‘地图’,或者说‘蓝图’”紧密结合。

5.B　根据上文的a 3D “map”,or “blueprint”可知这是研究人员的重大发现,设空处前一句提到这份蓝图揭示了这种分子的结构,B项“它绘制了它的每个原子的空间分布形态图”承接上文。“It”指代的是上一句中的“The blueprint”。

【高频词汇】　1.potential adj.可能的;潜在的　2.figure out搞明白;弄清楚　3.invade v.入侵　4.previous adj.先前的　5.take on呈现;具有　6.target v.把……作为攻击目标;针对

7.attachment n.连接;连接物;附件　8.specific adj.特定的;明确的;特有的　9.reveal v.显示,揭示　10.compared to...与……相比

长难句分析

原句　They identified the specific genes that code for the spike protein and then sent that gene information to a company that creates the genes.

分析　该句为主从复合句。定语从句that code for the spike protein修饰前面的genes,另一个定语从句that creates the genes修饰其前面的company。

句意　他们确定了为刺突蛋白编码的特定基因,然后将该基因信息发送给制造这些基因的公司。

Ⅲ.

One possible version:

Paragraph 1:

By the time she got to Clarke, his face had turned purple.“I've got him!” she yelled at Nicole as she grabbed the boy from his mother. Tyra laid him face down on her lap with the head lower than the rest of his body, and gave firm slaps on the upper back. The boy coughed up the piece of candy. He gasped as he started to breathe again.Without another word, Tyra handed Clarke back to his mother and went back to her float before it could leave her behind.

Paragraph 2:

It all happened so fast that Nicole didn't have time to thank the teen. Tyra's heroic action left Nicole speechless. But Tyra did not think it was a big deal. She had only done what she was trained to do. She knew what Nicole was feeling.She had seen her tears streaming down her face. Tyra would never stop helping others.After she graduated, she fulfilled her dream of becoming a pediatric surgeon, helping to save even more people.